CN110610248A - Spare part and ground equipment combined optimization method in multi-stage repair mode - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a spare part and ground equipment combined optimization method in a multistage repair mode, which is characterized in that on the basis of configuring spare parts, common configuration of ground equipment is added, meanwhile, a queuing theory is introduced into the maintenance capability of the ground equipment, the maintenance capability of the ground equipment is ensured, the configuration quantity of the ground equipment is reduced, and finally, the spare parts and the ground equipment are combined and optimized to use the lowest configuration cost as a target and a marginal analysis method for configuration, so that the configuration of the ground equipment meets requirements, the configuration cost of all maintenance resources is the lowest, and the spare parts and the ground equipment combined optimization method conforms to the multistage repair mode of the existing airplane. The use units of the airplane can purchase expensive maintenance resources as few as possible, the availability of the fleet of the use units of the airplane is improved, and the operation expenditure of enterprises is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aviation, and relates to an optimization method for spare part configuration, in particular to a combined optimization method for aviation spare parts and ground equipment in a multistage repair mode.
Background
Spare parts and ground equipment (GSE) are two keys formed by civil aircraft maintenance supply and guarantee systemThe sex resources play a very important role in maintaining the reliability of the civil aircraft and keeping the civil aircraft airworthy continuously. At present, foreign advanced civil aircraft manufacturers (such as airbus companies and boeing companies) have formed a rather perfect planning management system and formed a planning flow and method suitable for themselves. E.g. of Boeing Corpwww.myfleet.comAnd the platform realizes the allocation planning management of the GSE and the spare parts through related information in the operation process of the fleet. The Airman application platform developed by the air passenger company reasonably and effectively realizes the overall management of the GSE and spare parts of the fleet. Domestic airlines have also developed research on GSE and spare parts, but foreign related technologies belong to commercial secrets, and related technical methods are lacking in China.
At present, the domestic method for jointly optimizing spare parts and ground equipment is few and weak. The combination optimization of the GSE and spare parts is preliminarily researched from the theoretical perspective in an article, namely spare part and guarantee equipment configuration combination optimization method research, by Jia Zhi Yu, but only a single-stage repair mode is considered, and the actual civil aircraft maintenance is mostly a multi-stage repair example mode.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In order to avoid the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for jointly optimizing spare parts and ground equipment in a multi-stage repair mode. The invention provides a scheme for the combined configuration of the spare parts and the ground equipment in the existing multistage repair mode, introduces the multi-service-platform model theory in the queuing theory, ensures the maintenance efficiency of the ground equipment on the spare parts, and realizes the configuration of maintenance resources (the spare parts and the ground equipment) at the lowest cost.
Technical scheme
A method for jointly optimizing spare parts and ground equipment in a multistage repair mode is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: calculating the initial configuration quantity of spare part stock and ground equipment
Calculating the initial configuration quantity of the stock of the aviation spare parts:
in the formula: FH is annual flight hours, N is fleet size, mi、QPAiAnd MTBURiRespectively representing the annual demand, the single machine installation quantity and the unplanned average replacement interval of the ith type of spare parts, wherein i is 1, 2, …, n is the type quantity of all spare part items;
in order to ensure that the configuration quantity of expensive ground equipment can meet the maintenance of spare parts, the initial configuration quantity is based on a multi-service platform model in an M/M/n/M/M queuing theory, the model indicates that the input process of a service system is simplest, the arrival compliance parameter of customers is lambda, namely the negative exponential distribution of the average number of the customers arriving in unit time, the service time compliance parameter is mu, namely the negative exponential distribution of the average number of the customers completing service in unit time, the queuing models of n service platforms, the queuing space is M, the number of customer sources is M, and the queuing rule is first-come-first-serve; calculating in turn the probability P of receiving service without waiting for the arrival of spare parts0The number of parts L to be repaired in the systemqMean queue length of failed component LSAnd average repair time W of the component at the repair sites;
And finally, the annual maintenance amount is not less than the number of faults needing maintenance per year, and the calculation is carried out according to the following formula (2):
in the formula: m represents the number of faults to be repaired per year, n is the number of repair facilities, WwEffective daily working time for ground maintenance equipment, FiType i fault for ground service equipment, P (F)i) Probability of occurrence of the ith fault type for ground service equipment, CT (F)i) Time of day costs incurred when the ith type of fault of the ground service equipment occurs;
step 2: calculating the number of supply channels of base station and navigation station and the number of supply channels of base stationThe method is determined according to the repair time of spare parts at a base-level repair point and the requirement of the spare parts at a base level, and is calculated according to the following formula (3); the mean value of the number of supply channels of the airline level consists of two parts, namely a fault part which is maintained at the airline level, and a fault part which is sent to a base-level maintenance point due to insufficient airline level maintenance capacity, and is calculated according to the formula (4):
in the formula:RTAT for the desired demand of the ith LRU at baseiRepair turnaround time for ith LRU;
in the formula:TRT for the desired demand of the ith LRU at the jth stationiFor the transport round trip time of the ith LRU station to base,for the expected shortage when the ith LRU base inventory is s, the EBOis(s) purchasing the expected shortage number of the ith LRU base with the number of s;
and step 3: calculating the expected shortage number of each spare part of the base station and the navigation station, and calculating the expected shortage number of each spare part in the navigation station and the base station according to the configuration number according to the number of the supply channels calculated in the previous step; similarly, the expected shortage number is calculated for the ground equipment according to the same method;
and 4, step 4: calculating the cost-to-efficiency ratio deltaiTransporting and transportingConfiguring spare parts and ground equipment by using a marginal analysis method, respectively adding unit quantity to the number of the spare parts and the number of the maintenance equipment at each repair point according to the expected shortage number calculated in the previous step, wherein the ratio of the reduction amount of the expected shortage number of the spare parts caused by the unit quantity to the unit price of the spare parts is the cost-effectiveness ratio, as shown in the formula (6), comparing the total cost-effectiveness ratio data of all the spare parts and the ground equipment, and adding one to configure the unit quantity of the spare parts or the ground equipment corresponding to the maximum value;
and 5: and calculating a configuration scheme of the spare parts and the ground equipment by taking the total investment cost as a constraint target, increasing the configuration quantity of the spare parts or the ground equipment corresponding to the maximum value by one according to the cost-to-efficiency ratio, returning the maximum cost-to-efficiency ratio to zero, calculating the total configuration cost after the configuration is added by one, comparing the total configuration cost with the total cost, and continuously performing iteration circulation until the constraint condition is met if the total cost is not exceeded.
Advantageous effects
The invention provides a spare part and ground equipment combined optimization method in a multistage repair mode, which is characterized in that on the basis of configuring spare parts, common configuration of ground equipment is added, meanwhile, a queuing theory is introduced into the maintenance capability of the ground equipment, the maintenance capability of the ground equipment is ensured, the configuration quantity of the ground equipment is reduced, and finally, the spare parts and the ground equipment are combined and optimized, the lowest configuration cost is taken as a target, a marginal analysis method is utilized for configuration, so that the configuration of the ground equipment meets requirements, the configuration cost of all maintenance resources is the lowest, and the method accords with the multistage repair mode of the current airplane. The use units of the airplane can purchase expensive maintenance resources as few as possible, the availability of the fleet of the use units of the airplane is improved, and the operation expenditure of enterprises is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the solving process of the present invention
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the following examples and drawings:
the solving process of the invention is as follows:
(1) calculating the initial configuration quantity of spare part inventory and ground equipment;
(2) calculating the number of supply channels of the base and the navigation station;
(3) calculating the expected shortage number of each spare part of the base station and the station;
(4) calculating the cost-to-efficiency ratio, and configuring spare parts and ground equipment by using a marginal analysis method;
(5) and (4) solving the model by taking the total investment cost as a constraint target, and calculating a spare part and ground equipment configuration scheme.
The number of fleets (N), the annual Flight Hours (FH) and the mean unplanned time between replacement (MTBUR) of each spare part are counted according to the fleet and spare part and ground equipment related parameters of a certain airline user. The spare parts project and the ground equipment project which need to be configured are determined, so that a specific research object is determined. According to the flow in fig. 1, the calculation of the configuration scheme is performed as follows:
step 1: calculating the initial configuration quantity of the stock of the aviation spare parts according to the formula (1),
in the formula: FH is annual flight hours, N is fleet size, mi、QPAiAnd MTBURiRespectively representing the annual demand, the single machine installation quantity and the unplanned average replacement interval of the ith type of spare parts, wherein i is 1, 2, …, n is the type quantity of all spare part items.
In order to ensure that the configuration quantity of the expensive ground equipment can meet the maintenance of spare parts, the initial configuration quantity is based on a multi-service platform model in an M/M/n/M/M queuing theory, the model represents that the service system input process is in a simplest flow, the customer arrival compliance parameter is a negative exponential distribution of lambda (average number of customers arriving in unit time), the service time compliance parameter is a negative exponential distribution of mu (average number of customers completing service in unit time), and n (n) is n>1) Queuing model of individual service desk, queuing space is m, guestThe number of sources is m, the queuing rule is first come first serve, and the probability P of receiving service without waiting when the spare part arrives is calculated in sequence0The number of parts L to be repaired in the systemqMean queue length of failed component LSAnd average repair time W of the component at the repair sites。
And finally, the annual maintenance amount is not less than the number of faults needing maintenance per year, and the calculation is carried out according to the following formula (2):
in the formula: m represents the number of faults to be repaired per year, n is the number of repair facilities, WwEffective daily working time for ground maintenance equipment, FiType i fault for ground service equipment, P (F)i) Probability of occurrence of the ith fault type for ground service equipment, CT (F)i) The time of day costs incurred when the ith type of failure of the surface service equipment occurs.
Step 2: the number of supply channels of base and station is calculated, and the number of supply channels of base level is calculatedThe repair time of the spare parts at the base-level repair point and the spare part demand of the base level are determined, and the calculation is carried out according to the following formula (3). The mean value of the number of supply channels of the airline level consists of two parts, namely a fault part which is maintained at the airline level, and a fault part which is sent to a base-level maintenance point due to insufficient airline level maintenance capacity, and is calculated according to the formula (4):
in the formula:RTAT for the desired demand of the ith LRU at baseiRepair turnaround time for ith LRU.
In the formula:TRT for the desired demand of the ith LRU at the jth stationiFor the transport round trip time of the ith LRU station to base,for the expected shortage when the ith LRU base inventory is s, the EBOis(s) purchase the expected shortage number for the ith LRU base at number s.
And step 3: calculating the expected shortage number (EBO) of each spare part of the base station and the navigation station, and calculating the expected shortage number of each spare part in the navigation station and the base station according to the configuration number according to the number of the supply channels calculated in the previous step. Similarly, the expected shortage number is calculated for the ground equipment according to the same method.
And 4, step 4: calculating the cost-to-efficiency ratio deltaiThe spare parts and the ground equipment are configured by using a marginal analysis method, the number of the spare parts and the number of the maintenance equipment at each repair point are respectively added with unit quantity according to the expected shortage number calculated in the previous step, the ratio of the reduction amount of the expected shortage number of the spare parts caused by the unit quantity to the unit price is the cost-effectiveness ratio (formula 6), the total cost-effectiveness ratio data of all the spare parts and the ground equipment are compared, and the unit quantity of the spare parts or the ground equipment corresponding to the maximum value is added with one configuration.
And 5: and calculating a configuration scheme of the spare parts and the ground equipment by taking the total investment cost as a constraint target, increasing the configuration quantity of the spare parts or the ground equipment corresponding to the maximum value by one according to the cost-to-efficiency ratio, returning the maximum cost-to-efficiency ratio to zero, calculating the total configuration cost after the configuration is added by one, comparing the total configuration cost with the total cost, and continuously performing iteration circulation until the constraint condition is met if the total cost is not exceeded.
Claims (1)
1. A method for jointly optimizing spare parts and ground equipment in a multistage repair mode is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: calculating the initial configuration quantity of spare part stock and ground equipment
Calculating the initial configuration quantity of the stock of the aviation spare parts:
in the formula: FH is annual flight hours, N is fleet size, mi、QPAiAnd MTBURiRespectively representing the annual demand, the single machine installation quantity and the unplanned average replacement interval of the ith type of spare parts, wherein i is 1, 2, …, n is the type quantity of all spare part items;
in order to ensure that the configuration quantity of expensive ground equipment can meet the maintenance of spare parts, the initial configuration quantity is based on a multi-service platform model in an M/M/n/M/M queuing theory, the model indicates that the input process of a service system is simplest, the arrival compliance parameter of customers is lambda, namely the negative exponential distribution of the average number of the customers arriving in unit time, the service time compliance parameter is mu, namely the negative exponential distribution of the average number of the customers completing service in unit time, the queuing models of n service platforms, the queuing space is M, the number of customer sources is M, and the queuing rule is first-come-first-serve; calculating in turn the probability P of receiving service without waiting for the arrival of spare parts0The number of parts L to be repaired in the systemqMean queue length of failed component LSAnd average repair time W of the component at the repair sites;
And finally, the annual maintenance amount is not less than the number of faults needing maintenance per year, and the calculation is carried out according to the following formula (2):
in the formula: m represents the number of faults to be repaired per year, n is the number of repair facilities, WwEffective daily working time for ground maintenance equipment, FiType i fault for ground service equipment, P (F)i) Probability of occurrence of the ith fault type for ground service equipment, CT (F)i) Time of day costs incurred when the ith type of fault of the ground service equipment occurs;
step 2: calculating the number of supply channels of base station and navigation station and the number of supply channels of base stationThe method is determined according to the repair time of spare parts at a base-level repair point and the requirement of the spare parts at a base level, and is calculated according to the following formula (3); the mean value of the number of supply channels of the airline level consists of two parts, namely a fault part which is maintained at the airline level, and a fault part which is sent to a base-level maintenance point due to insufficient airline level maintenance capacity, and is calculated according to the formula (4):
in the formula:RTAT for the desired demand of the ith LRU at baseiRepair turnaround time for ith LRU;
in the formula:TRT for the desired demand of the ith LRU at the jth stationiFor the transport round trip time of the ith LRU station to base,for the expected shortage when the ith LRU base inventory is s, the EBOis(s) purchasing the expected shortage number of the ith LRU base with the number of s;
and step 3: calculating the expected shortage number of each spare part of the base station and the navigation station, and calculating the expected shortage number of each spare part in the navigation station and the base station according to the configuration number according to the number of the supply channels calculated in the previous step; similarly, the expected shortage number is calculated for the ground equipment according to the same method;
and 4, step 4: calculating the cost-to-efficiency ratio deltaiConfiguring spare parts and ground equipment by using a marginal analysis method, respectively adding the number of the spare parts and the number of maintenance equipment to a unit number according to the expected shortage number calculated in the previous step, wherein the ratio of the reduction of the expected shortage number of the spare parts to the unit price is the cost-effectiveness ratio, as shown in formula (6), comparing the total cost-effectiveness ratio data of all the spare parts and the ground equipment, and adding one to the unit number of the spare parts or the ground equipment corresponding to the maximum value;
and 5: and calculating a configuration scheme of the spare parts and the ground equipment by taking the total investment cost as a constraint target, increasing the configuration quantity of the spare parts or the ground equipment corresponding to the maximum value by one according to the cost-to-efficiency ratio, returning the maximum cost-to-efficiency ratio to zero, calculating the total configuration cost after the configuration is added by one, comparing the total configuration cost with the total cost, and continuously performing iteration circulation until the constraint condition is met if the total cost is not exceeded.
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CN112464558A (en) * | 2020-11-21 | 2021-03-09 | 西北工业大学 | Civil aircraft aviation material repair level and inventory configuration combined optimization method based on immune particle swarm |
CN113487187A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-10-08 | 西安交通大学 | Time-varying spare part inventory configuration method based on level maintenance |
CN114781939A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-07-22 | 成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司 | Method, system, equipment and medium for scheduling and constructing base-level maintenance mechanism |
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CN111126635A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-05-08 | 哈尔滨新中新电子股份有限公司 | Assessment method for DIY store POS machine maintenance type selection based on customer satisfaction analysis |
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CN113487187A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-10-08 | 西安交通大学 | Time-varying spare part inventory configuration method based on level maintenance |
CN114781939A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-07-22 | 成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司 | Method, system, equipment and medium for scheduling and constructing base-level maintenance mechanism |
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