CN110598468A - Internet of things data market comment method and system based on intelligent contracts - Google Patents
Internet of things data market comment method and system based on intelligent contracts Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an Internet of things data market comment method and system based on intelligent contracts, wherein the system is used for realizing the method and comprises the steps of establishing the intelligent contracts; receiving the current transaction data and the intelligent contract object arranged in the current transaction data through a P2P network, and calling a comment existence check function to check whether a comment input into the current transaction data of the current transaction exists; if the comment of the current transaction data does not exist, calling a comment registration function to write the comment content of the current transaction so as to create a block chain block; if the comment of the transaction data exists, calling a comment content acquisition function to acquire the comment content of the transaction or calling a rating acquisition function to acquire the rating of the transaction; the mining server mines the blockchain blocks through the etherhouse interface based on the blockchain intelligent contract and stores the mined blockchain blocks in a blockchain database. The invention ensures that the comment content of the comment system is open, transparent, complete and can not be tampered.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of Internet of things, in particular to an Internet of things data market comment method and system based on an intelligent contract.
Background
The internet of things refers to a network environment in which a large number of objects, sensors or devices are connected through the internet or some other communication infrastructure to provide value-added services. This term was originally created in 1998, and the basic idea behind this technology is to connect people and objects anywhere and anytime. Smart homes are a representative application area of the internet of things, and a common feature of most smart objects in smart homes is that they accumulate a large amount of log data obtained by sensors during operation. Most smart home companies are interested in these large amounts of data because the user behavior patterns can be observed or errors in the system can be detected through analysis of the large amount of log data stored in these devices. Based on this data, better internet of things solutions can be developed or updated and presented to the user.
Therefore, the transaction of the data of the internet of things becomes an important part of the internet of things. In the past, enterprises may transmit raw internet of things data obtained by transacting with users to a cloud server. However, this raises a serious concern to the user about privacy. Thus, the data market is a platform for facilitating transparent data transactions between internet of things device users and internet of things device manufacturers. The participants in a typical data market are largely divided into data consumers and data sellers. Data vendors sell their data for economic purposes or to establish trust relationships, and data consumers purchase and use the data. Existing data markets are built primarily based on a P2P distributed network, where all peers on the network communicate with the same privileges, and all participants are equal whether you are business or personal users.
On a data market platform, an enterprise of the internet of things analyzes data sold by a data owner and uses an analysis result. However, since the P2P decentralized model does not form a perfect trust feature between peers, a check on the data owner and the data quality is necessary before any data is shared on the data market. In addition, due to storage space requirements and security issues, only metadata or data hash values are disclosed, and the actual data is not directly available in the data market. Once the transaction is confirmed, the data owner provides the key to the consumer to access the complete data stored in the external database (e.g., cloud database). Thus, if a review system is available to review the data being traded, a business or user wishing to purchase the data may check the reputation of the owner of the data based on the review and determine whether the data being sold is reliable based on the submitted review. The existing review system model is a centralized server-client model, with a central server responding to all client program requests.
(3) Block chain and intelligent contract
The block chain Technology (BT) is an internet database Technology, and has the characteristics of distrust, decentralization, open autonomy, anonymous traceability, information non-falsification and the like, and allows everyone to participate in database recording. The blockchain is essentially a decentralized database, which is a sequence of related blocks generated by cryptography, each block containing information about the entire network transaction over a period of time for verifying the validity of the information and producing the next block. The block chain is a technical scheme for collectively maintaining a reliable database in a decentralized and distrusted mode. Therefore, the blockchain can also be referred to as a nationwide accounting technology or a distributed general ledger technology.
The concept of intelligent contracts was first proposed and defined by the american computer scientist Nick Szabo in 1994 as "a set of numerically specified commitments, including agreements on which contract participants can execute such commitments". The definition of the intelligent contract is as follows: an intelligent contract can be regarded as a computer program which runs on a block chain, is preset with rules, has state and condition response, can encapsulate, verify and execute complex behaviors of distributed nodes, and completes information exchange, value transfer and asset management. Intelligent contracts are computer programs that can automatically execute the contract terms, and blockchains are considered a subversive technology, mainly because intelligent contracts can be implemented on blockchains. The intelligent contracts are not defined by the codes, are enforced by the codes, and are completely automatic and cannot intervene. Smart contracts are decentralized and do not rely on a single centralized server, but are distributed, stored on a blockchain, and run automatically through network nodes.
The existing review system model is in the form of a centralized server-client, with a central server responding to numerous clients requesting services. This model separates the work between the client (i.e., the service requester) and the server providing the service. The operation of the review system built using the centralized server-client model is as follows: a user who wants to write a comment accesses a web page through a link and registers the comment, and then a client program and a server program connected to the web page communicate with each other, and the server processes a relatively simple process of storing the comment in a connection database, and sends the result to the client. The server can process the client request immediately, and therefore, the request result can be quickly applied.
The most serious drawback of the existing centralized server-client comment model is that all requests are handled only by the central server. This means that the server may have a single point of failure (SPOF), which is a security vulnerability of the system, and may be attacked by a malicious attacker, such as man-in-the-middle attacks, distributed denial-of-service attacks, and so on. Furthermore, if a network failure occurs between the server and the client, the client will not receive a request response and the entire system will not be usable.
In existing review systems, a user with elevated privileges (e.g., a server administrator) may delete reviews stored in the database. The purpose of the review system is to allow users of a service to provide an honest assessment of the service, thereby providing a reference to aid in the decision making process of other users. However, in practice, the service provider may eliminate negative comments on the service or product, which is unfair and reduces the overall reliability of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an internet of things data market comment method and system based on an intelligent contract, aiming at overcoming at least one defect (deficiency) in the prior art.
The present invention aims to solve the above technical problem at least to some extent.
In order to achieve the technical effects, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an Internet of things data market comment method based on intelligent contracts comprises the following steps:
s10, creating a block chain intelligent contract, wherein the intelligent contract object at least comprises a Data structure body for placing new registered comment content and rating, a Writer review structure body for placing registered comment content and rating, a comment existence check function, a comment registration function, a comment content acquisition function and a rating acquisition function, and the structure of the Data structure body comprises comment catalogue characters and rating associated with the comment; the Writer review structure comprises a metadata value mapped by the transaction address and comment content in a Data structure-directory of the transaction address;
the S20 comment system receives the current transaction data and the intelligent contract object arranged in the current transaction data through the P2P network, and calls a comment existence check function to check whether the comment input into the current transaction data of the current transaction exists;
s30, if the comment of the current transaction data does not exist, calling a comment registration function to write the comment content of the current transaction to create a block chain block, wherein the comment content of the current transaction at least comprises metadata, rating and comment specific content of the comment content; if the comment of the transaction data exists, calling a comment content acquisition function to acquire the comment content of the transaction or calling a rating acquisition function to acquire the rating of the transaction;
s40 the mining server mines blockchain blocks through the ethernet bay interface based on blockchain intelligence contracts and stores the mined blockchain blocks in a blockchain database.
Preferably, the review system further comprises a Web page front end generated by using HTML/css code for user interaction with the review system, and after S20, before S30, further comprises:
s50, starting a Web browser by the user, and opening the front end of the Web page through a link;
s60, determining whether the current transaction account is an Ether house account of the blockchain at the front end of the Web page, and unlocking the Ether house account if the current transaction account is the Ether house account;
s70, deploying the intelligent contract object of the transaction at the front end of the Web page, and inputting the metadata, the rating and the comment content of the transaction for comment registration.
Preferably, the deployment of the intelligent contract can also extract the completed intelligent contract objects in the block chain by compiling a solid conversion program.
Preferably, the intelligent contract further includes an intelligent contract library function, and the S40 is followed by:
s80 calls the intelligent contract library function to check the hash value and progress of the transaction in the mining server window.
The invention also discloses an Internet of things data market comment system based on the intelligent contract, which comprises a Web page front end, a comment system background, a mining server and a block chain database, wherein the comment system background is connected with the Web page front end through node.js and is communicated with the mining server through a Web3API, and the mining server stores the mined block chain block into the block chain database.
Preferably, the comment system background is deployed with an intelligent contract for a blockchain, the comment system background references an application binary ABI value and a bytecode value of the intelligent contract through JavaScript codes, and the intelligent contract communicates with the mining server through an application programming interface Web3 API.
Preferably, the intelligent contract is compiled in a contract-oriented programming language Solidity.
Preferably, the input of the metadata of the comment content is a calculated value of a hash function encrypted by SHA256 in JavaScript code.
Preferably, the mining server calls an API protocol through a remote procedure and is operated by an ethernet geth interface.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
a user carries out comment registration through the front end of a Web page, a JavaScript code executes a plurality of functions, a block chain server carries out mining on transactions, and finally the transactions are stored in the whole block chain database. The invention uses a block chain database based on a P2P network, uses JavaScript codes to quote ABI and byte code values of defined intelligent contract codes to form a data market comment system based on intelligent contract security Internet of things, and the comment content of the comment system is open and transparent and can not be tampered, namely, the integrity of data is ensured, malicious behaviors of users are prevented, and the fairness and justice of the comment content are ensured. The intelligent contract at least can check whether the comment exists or not, register the comment, acquire the comment content of the transaction and acquire the comment grade (namely rating), and realizes the reliability of the comment content.
The invention solves the problem that the existing centralized server-client comment model has single point of failure, in the invention, a block chain distributed model based on a P2P network is adopted, all user nodes are equal, and even if some nodes face the problem of data sharing, other nodes can receive data from other nodes on the network at all. In a distributed P2P network environment, a single node does not need to process all client requests, and the maintenance cost of the comment system is saved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method of an embodiment of the internet of things data market review method based on an intelligent contract.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a blockchain review system based on a distributed P2P network according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent;
for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product;
it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
An Internet of things data market comment method based on intelligent contracts comprises the following steps:
s10, creating a block chain intelligent contract, wherein the intelligent contract object at least comprises a Data structure body for placing new registered comment content and rating, a Writer review structure body for placing registered comment content and rating, a comment existence check function, a comment registration function, a comment content acquisition function and a rating acquisition function, and the structure of the Data structure body comprises comment catalogue characters and rating associated with the comment; the Writer review structure comprises a metadata value mapped by the transaction address and comment content in a Data structure-directory of the transaction address;
s20, receiving the current transaction data and the intelligent contract object arranged in the current transaction data through a P2P network, and calling a comment existence check function to check whether the comment input into the current transaction data of the current transaction exists;
s30, if the comment of the current transaction data does not exist, calling a comment registration function to write the comment content of the current transaction to create a block chain block, wherein the comment content of the current transaction at least comprises metadata, rating and comment specific content of the comment content; if the comment of the transaction data exists, calling a comment content acquisition function to acquire the comment content of the transaction or calling a rating acquisition function to acquire the rating of the transaction;
s40 the mining server mines blockchain blocks through the ethernet bay interface based on blockchain intelligence contracts and stores the mined blockchain blocks in a blockchain database.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the blockchain database of the present invention should be understood to be composed of a plurality of distributed decentralized nodes, all of which participate in data management, and any data added to the blockchain database is confirmed by the nodes, and the data stored in the blockchain database is public and transparent to all of the nodes. The user can only add data to the block and all data stored in the blockchain database will not be altered. That is, it only has read and write operations, i.e. it can query and retrieve data from the block chain, and can write more data to the block chain, and it cannot modify and delete data.
The intelligent contract at least comprises four functions of checking whether the comments exist or not, registering the comments, checking the comment content and checking the rating of the comments. The user calls an "existReview ()" function before registering the comment (calling the function can be used for checking whether the user has already performed comment registration on the transaction), if the checking result is that the user has not performed comment registration, the "setview ()" function is called (calling the function can be used for performing registration of specific contents of the comment), and after the user has performed registration, the user can call a "getview () function (calling the function can be used for acquiring contents of the comment)" and a "getRating ()" function (calling the function can be used for acquiring the level of the comment). Of the two structures, the "Data" (which is used to place the content and level of the review at the time of new registration) structure is composed of "dt _ contents (which is a string value)" and "dt _ rating (which is a rating associated with the review)". The structure "write _ review" (which is used to place the contents and levels of the registered comments) contains an array "Data" (which is used to store the specific contents of the comments) of a "Data" structure, and the index is a metadata value with a "mapping" (which is used to declare the mapping relationship of byte 32) key. In addition, the user can view the comment contents stored in the "Writer _ review" structure array data using the address value of the transaction creator as an index.
The "setview ()" function is used as a registration for comments, which takes as input values the metadata value, the contents of comments, and the comment level. The consumers who have bought the data in the data market use the function to input the comment content and rating. The metadata entry is a value calculated by the SHA256 cryptographic hash function in JavaScript code, which produces a significantly different output value even if the inputs differ by only one bit. Thus, each item can be easily distinguished in JavaScript code and smart contract structures. Data with a high comment level input value will be recommended to the consumer for reference. The content of the comment is variable length variable value and is the real comment content of the consumer.
Further, it is checked whether the same user has already commented on the data using the "existerreview ()" function. If there is a comment, 1 is returned, otherwise 0 is returned. The "getupdate ()" and "getRating ()" functions are then used to return the comments and comment levels that already exist, all three using a "constant" (the key used to declare a variable as unalterable) key.
The transaction generated after the user request function is called on the webpage must be mined by the mining server to reflect the result.
The centralized comment system overcomes the centralized problem of the traditional centralized server-client comment system, a decentralized comment system is established based on a P2P network, all nodes in the network are communicated with each other, P2P network resources are distributed in a plurality of nodes in the network, and even if some nodes have a sharing conflict problem, other nodes can still receive data from other nodes on the network. The intelligent contract at least can check whether the comment exists, register the comment, acquire the comment content of the transaction and acquire the comment grade (namely rating), so that the completeness, invariance and reliability of the comment stored in the block chain database are realized, and the purposes of transparent comment disclosure and no falsification are achieved.
Preferably, the review system further comprises a Web page front end generated by using HTML/css code for user interaction with the review system, and after S20, before S30, further comprises:
s50, starting a Web browser by the user, and opening the front end of the Web page through a link;
s60, determining whether the current transaction account is an Ether house account of the blockchain at the front end of the Web page, and unlocking the Ether house account if the current transaction account is the Ether house account;
s70, deploying the intelligent contract object of the transaction at the front end of the Web page, and inputting the metadata, the rating and the comment content of the transaction for comment registration.
In the embodiment of the invention, the front end of the Web page is a visual graphical interface for the interaction between a user and a system, a webpage is developed by using HTML and CSS codes, and the webpage is connected to a Web browser by using node. After a user starts a Web browser, a corresponding network link is opened, and then the user can enter the UI interface of the system designed by the user. On a webpage, a user can log in by using a unique identity ID, and then deployment of comments can be completed by clicking a corresponding button and inputting and prompting corresponding information contents (mainly including metadata values, comment grades and comment contents). And after a period of time has elapsed, the user can view the newly added comment in the "latest comment" tab on the right side of the page.
The etherhouse account of the present invention refers to etherbase, i.e., an account awarded by mining pay blocks, "- -etherbase ═ 0" indicates that account [0] is a torihouse account. A "- -onlock ═ 0" option may be added for unlocking the default lock on the etherhouse account and submitting the transaction.
Preferably, the deployment of the intelligent contract can also extract the completed intelligent contract objects in the block chain by compiling a solid conversion program.
Preferably, the intelligent contract further includes an intelligent contract library function, and the S40 is followed by:
s80 calls the intelligent contract library function to check the hash value and progress of the transaction in the mining server window.
The invention also discloses an Internet of things data market comment system based on the intelligent contract, which comprises a Web page front end, a comment system background, a mining server and a block chain database, wherein the comment system background is connected with the Web page front end through node.js and is communicated with the mining server through a Web3API, and the mining server stores the mined block chain block into the block chain database.
Preferably, the comment system background is deployed with an intelligent contract for a blockchain, the comment system background references an application binary ABI value and a bytecode value of the intelligent contract through JavaScript codes, and the intelligent contract communicates with the mining server through an application programming interface Web3 API.
Preferably, the intelligent contract is compiled in a contract-oriented programming language Solidity. Smart contracts use a particular contract-oriented programming language, called Solidity, which was originally developed by Gavin Wood. The two structural bodies and four functions of the intelligent contracts in the comment system are edited by adopting the language.
In the embodiment of the invention, the invention can use the data structure and the function defined in the completed intelligent contract, and can also use the ABI and the byte code value to create a new intelligent contract.
Preferably, the input of the metadata of the comment content is a calculated value of a hash function encrypted by SHA256 in JavaScript code.
Preferably, the mining server calls an API protocol through a remote procedure and is operated by an ethernet geth interface.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the mining server is operated by a geth interface, and the etherhouse geth interface may use JSONRPC (remote procedure call) protocol, for example, using an HTTP-based RPC API on the port 8545.
The practical operation example of the invention:
when a user wants to perform comment registration, a browser is opened, the user jumps to a UI webpage interface through a webpage link, node.js is operated on the background by the jump of the UI webpage interface, a mining server is operated on the background through a geth interface, then the user can perform intelligent contract deployment on the UI webpage interface by clicking a contract deployment button, the background can check whether a transaction (namely a comment registration process) is effective and wait for mining of a mining server, the user can register comments by clicking a registration button after logging in an account, the user can complete the registration of comments by clicking a registration comment button after completing the filling of metadata, rating and comment content in sequence, the background can check the effectiveness of the transaction at the moment, then the mining server starts to mine the transaction, the mining needs a certain time depending on the computing power of the mining server, after mining is successful, the transaction is shown to be contained in the whole block chain database, and the user can also check the comments which are registered (i.e. mining is successful) on the webpage, so that the comments are stored in the block chain database to have integrity, invariance and reliability, and the purposes of being transparent and not falsifiable are achieved.
The same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar parts;
the positional relationships depicted in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent;
it should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An Internet of things data market comment method based on intelligent contracts is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s10, creating a block chain intelligent contract, wherein the intelligent contract object at least comprises a Data structure body for placing new registered comment content and rating, a Writer review structure body for placing registered comment content and rating, a comment existence check function, a comment registration function, a comment content acquisition function and a rating acquisition function, and the structure of the Data structure body comprises comment catalogue characters and rating associated with the comment; the Writer review structure comprises a metadata value mapped by the transaction address and comment content in a Data structure-directory of the transaction address;
the S20 comment system receives the current transaction data and the intelligent contract object arranged in the current transaction data through the P2P network, and calls a comment existence check function to check whether the comment input into the current transaction data of the current transaction exists;
s30, if the comment of the current transaction data does not exist, calling a comment registration function to write the comment content of the current transaction to create a block chain block, wherein the comment content of the current transaction at least comprises metadata, rating and comment specific content of the comment content; if the comment of the transaction data exists, calling a comment content acquisition function to acquire the comment content of the transaction or calling a rating acquisition function to acquire the rating of the transaction;
s40 the mining server mines blockchain blocks through the ethernet bay interface based on blockchain intelligence contracts and stores the mined blockchain blocks in a blockchain database.
2. The internet of things data market review method based on smart contracts according to claim 1, wherein the review system further comprises a Web page front end generated by adopting HTML/css codes for user interaction with the review system, and after the S20, the S30 further comprises:
s50, starting a Web browser by the user, and opening the front end of the Web page through a link;
s60, determining whether the current transaction account is an Ether house account of the blockchain at the front end of the Web page, and unlocking the Ether house account if the current transaction account is the Ether house account;
s70, deploying the intelligent contract object of the transaction at the front end of the Web page, and inputting the metadata, the rating and the comment content of the transaction for comment registration.
3. The internet of things data market review method based on intelligent contracts according to claim 1, wherein the deployment of the intelligent contracts can also extract the completed intelligent contract objects in the blockchain by compiling a solid conversion program.
4. The internet of things data market review method based on intelligent contracts according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent contracts further comprise an intelligent contract library function, and the step of S40 is followed by the step of:
s80 calls the intelligent contract library function to check the hash value and progress of the transaction in the mining server window.
5. The Internet of things data market comment system based on the intelligent contract is characterized by comprising a Web page front end, a comment system background, a mining server and a block chain database, wherein the comment system background is connected with the Web page front end through a node.js and is communicated with the mining server through a Web3API, and the mining server stores a block chain block mined to the block chain database.
6. The internet of things data market review system based on smart contracts of claim 5, wherein the smart contracts for blockchains are deployed in the review system backend, the review system backend references application binary ABI values and bytecode values of smart contracts through JavaScript code, and the smart contracts communicate with a mining server through an application programming interface (Web 3 API).
7. An internet of things data market review system based on smart contracts according to claim 5, wherein the smart contracts are compiled in a contract-oriented programming language identity.
8. The smart contract-based internet of things data market review system of claim 1, wherein the input of metadata for the review content is a computed value of a cryptographic hash function by SHA256 in JavaScript code.
9. An internet of things data market review system based on smart contracts according to claim 5, characterized in that the mining server is run by an ethernet geth interface through a remote procedure call API protocol.
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CN109389500A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-02-26 | 重庆邮电大学 | Data trade platform based on ether mill |
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CN108154400A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-06-12 | 杭州秘猿科技有限公司 | The evaluation method and system of e-commerce based on block chain |
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