CN110596657A - Device for testing operation of distance measuring machine/Takang - Google Patents
Device for testing operation of distance measuring machine/Takang Download PDFInfo
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- CN110596657A CN110596657A CN201910828867.9A CN201910828867A CN110596657A CN 110596657 A CN110596657 A CN 110596657A CN 201910828867 A CN201910828867 A CN 201910828867A CN 110596657 A CN110596657 A CN 110596657A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for testing the operation of a distance measuring machine/tacan, which comprises: the system comprises a PXI bus interface module, a baseband processing module and a radio frequency transceiving module; in the test process, the tested device sends out an inquiry signal, when the inquiry signal reaches the beacon for receiving, the received signal is used as a ranging response signal after the fixed system delay, and then the ranging response signal is sent out by the beacon, and the tested device calculates the distance from the airplane to the ground beacon or the distance from the airplane to the airplane according to the time difference between the measurement inquiry and the response; the azimuth simulation is a function added to the TACAN system and is realized by resolving the relative phase positions of the reference pulse and the envelope signal, so that the sending time of the reference pulse can be changed, and the purpose of changing the transmitting phase is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of zero intermediate frequency, and particularly relates to a device for testing the operation of a distance measuring machine/tacan based on the zero intermediate frequency technology.
Background
With the rapid progress of radio navigation technology, the functions of radio navigation equipment are more complete and the performance is gradually improved. Radio navigation is defined as a process of navigating a vehicle wholly or partially by using radio technology, and its main functions include guiding the vehicle to navigate according to a specified route, determining the position information of the vehicle, including distance, azimuth, speed, etc., and is widely applied in the fields of navigation, aviation, aerospace, etc., and also has important roles in land transportation, exploration and measurement, industrial and agricultural production, military, scientific research, etc.
The distance measuring machine (DME) is a high-precision pulse type secondary radar navigation system applied to civil aviation. TACAN (TACAN), a tactical air navigation system, is a short-range radio navigation system that provides distance and heading information to a vehicle. In the production process, in order to test conveniently and automatically, a special testing instrument is needed to simulate the testing environment of the distance measuring machine and the Takang equipment.
A superheterodyne receiver, a direct sampling receiver and a direct conversion receiver are three receiver architectures commonly used at present.
The superheterodyne receiver amplifies the signal received from the antenna by the high-frequency amplifier, and adds the amplified signal and the signal generated by the local oscillator into the mixer for frequency conversion, converts the carrier frequency of the high-frequency modulated wave selected by the input tuning loop into an intermediate frequency with a fixed frequency lower than the carrier frequency, and then amplifies and matches the intermediate frequency signal.
The adopted super-heterodyne receiver architecture is tested for a long time, has excellent performance, and can easily achieve good image rejection and local oscillation isolation. And a proper intermediate frequency band is selected, and the super-heterodyne architecture can achieve the excellent characteristic of resisting stray noise interference. However, the superheterodyne architecture has the disadvantages that two or more times of frequency mixing is required, the number of external components is large, the circuit is complex, the required power consumption is high compared with other structures, the occupied PCB size is large, and the superheterodyne architecture is difficult to adapt to the development trend of a module instrument.
The existing avionic test equipment in China mostly adopts an intermediate frequency signal processing mode to process radio frequency signals, utilizes a DDS technology to synthesize baseband signals in an FPGA, then utilizes a PLL technology to generate intermediate frequency synthesized signals, and is combined with a radio frequency front end, and when the signals are generated, the intermediate frequency signals need to be moved to an L frequency band through the radio frequency front end.
The direct sampling receiver utilizes a high-speed analog-to-digital converter to sample signals in a radio frequency range and then processes digital signals.
The direct sampling architecture has high requirements on the analog-digital converter, is suitable for a system with a large number of channels, only needs to select one frequency band channel to work for a distance measuring machine system and a TACAN system, and wastes resources by adopting the direct sampling architecture.
The zero intermediate frequency receiver adopts a single-frequency direct frequency conversion mode, can shift signals from a radio frequency band to zero intermediate frequency only through one-time down conversion, and then delivers the signals to a back-end analog-to-digital converter and a baseband processor for relevant processing after amplification and low-pass filtering.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a device for testing the operation of a distance measuring machine/tacan, which is more portable to test the operation of airborne equipment in a distance measuring machine system or a tacan system based on a zero intermediate frequency technology.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a device for testing the operation of a distance measuring machine/tacan, comprising: the system comprises a PXI bus interface module, a baseband processing module and a radio frequency transceiving module;
the PXI bus interface module is used for receiving control information set by an upper computer and comprises: distance simulation information, a working mode, azimuth simulation information and a modulation degree;
the upper computer sets a working mode and configuration information according to whether the equipment to be tested belongs to the distance measuring machine system or the TACAN system; when the equipment to be tested belongs to the distance measuring machine system, the upper computer only needs to set distance simulation information to simulate the distance between the beacon and the equipment to be tested; when the equipment to be tested belongs to a Takong system, the upper computer simultaneously sets distance simulation information, direction simulation information and a modulation degree, and then simulates the distance and the azimuth angle between a beacon and the equipment to be tested; finally, the set control information is forwarded to the baseband processing module by the PXI bus interface module;
the radio frequency transceiving module is used for receiving an inquiry signal sent by the equipment to be tested, performing down-conversion processing on the inquiry signal to generate I, Q two paths of baseband signals, performing low-pass filtering, analog-to-digital conversion and digital low-pass filtering processing on I, Q two paths of baseband signals respectively, and inputting the processed signals to the baseband processing module;
the baseband processing module configures the radio frequency transceiver module, performs serial-to-parallel conversion on the I, Q received signals to obtain I, Q paths of parallel data, inputs the data into the decoding module for decoding, and the decoding module generates an enabling signal after judging that an inquiry is received;
when receiving an inquiry signal of a distance measuring machine system, enabling writing of FIFO to be effective, writing the received I, Q two paths of baseband signals into FIFO, enabling distance counting to be effective at the same time, enabling a distance counter to start counting, simultaneously calculating the time required by the inquiry signal sent by the distance measuring machine to the beacon to receive the inquiry signal by a distance control module, and when the counting reaches the delay time, enabling reading to be effective, and reading data from the FIFO as a response pulse; the pulse coding module combines the response pulse with the random filling pulse, the station identification pulse and the balance pulse to generate a baseband digital pulse coding signal which is fed back to the radio frequency transceiving module;
when receiving an inquiry signal of a TACAN system, enabling writing of an FIFO to be effective, writing the received I/Q baseband signals into the FIFO, enabling distance counting to be effective at the same time, enabling a distance counter to start counting, simultaneously calculating the time required by the inquiry signal sent by a distance measuring machine until a beacon receives the inquiry signal by a distance control module, and when the counting reaches the delay time, enabling reading to be effective, and reading data from the FIFO as a response pulse; in addition, the azimuth control module calculates the time needing delaying according to the azimuth, the envelope signal generating module generates an envelope signal according to the set modulation degree, the envelope signal generating module also generates an azimuth counter enabling signal, the azimuth counter starts counting when the azimuth counting is enabled to be effective, and when the counting reaches the delay time, the reference pulse is enabled to be effective, so that the pulse coding module generates a reference pulse group; the pulse coding module combines the response pulse, the reference pulse group with the random filling pulse, the station identification pulse and the balance pulse to generate a pulse group, and the pulse group is modulated with the envelope signal and fed back to the radio frequency transceiving module as a baseband digital pulse coding signal;
in addition, when the equipment to be tested belongs to a TACAN system, even if the equipment to be tested does not receive an inquiry signal, the equipment to be tested can periodically generate an azimuth analog signal, then the azimuth control module calculates the time needing delaying according to an azimuth, the envelope signal generating module generates an envelope signal according to the set modulation degree, the envelope signal generating module also generates an azimuth counter enabling signal, the azimuth counter starts counting when the azimuth counting enabling is effective, and when the counting reaches the delaying time, the reference pulse enabling is effective, so that the pulse coding module generates a reference pulse group; the pulse coding module combines the reference pulse group with self random filling pulse, station identification pulse, equalizing pulse, reference pulse and inquiry pulse, and modulates the pulse group with envelope signal as base band digital pulse coding signal to feed back to the radio frequency transceiver module; or the equipment to be tested actively sends out an inquiry signal, then the pulse coding module generates an inquiry pulse and a random filling pulse, and the inquiry pulse and the random filling pulse are used as a baseband digital pulse coding signal and sent to the radio frequency transceiving module;
and the radio frequency transceiver module receives a baseband digital pulse coding signal sent by the range finder system or the TACAN system, inputs the baseband digital pulse coding signal into the I/Q two channels, sequentially performs digital forming filtering, analog-to-digital conversion and low-pass filtering on the response signal, and finally performs up-conversion processing and sends the processed signal to equipment to be tested.
The invention aims to realize the following steps:
the invention relates to a device for testing the operation of a distance measuring machine/tacan, which comprises: the system comprises a PXI bus interface module, a baseband processing module and a radio frequency transceiving module; in the test process, the tested device sends out an inquiry signal, when the inquiry signal reaches the beacon for receiving, the received signal is used as a ranging response signal after the fixed system delay, and then the ranging response signal is sent out by the beacon, and the tested device calculates the distance from the airplane to the ground beacon or the distance from the airplane to the airplane according to the time difference between the measurement inquiry and the response; the azimuth simulation is a function added to the TACAN system and is realized by resolving the relative phase positions of the reference pulse and the envelope signal, so that the sending time of the reference pulse can be changed, and the purpose of changing the transmitting phase is realized.
Meanwhile, the device for testing the operation of the distance measuring machine/tacan has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention has high integration level, low power consumption and simple structure, and meets the development requirement of the current field; the hardware platform of the design is required to have the characteristic of good universality, the hardware can be expanded, the complete distance measuring machine and Takang equipment testing platform are formed by other modular instruments according to the PXI specification, the functions of the testing instrument are realized by combining a computer and using software, and the requirement of automatic testing equipment is met;
(2) the invention adopts the zero intermediate frequency technology, only needs one-time frequency conversion in the test process, and data processing is carried out in the baseband, thereby reducing the design difficulty of the radio frequency front end;
(3) the invention uses the programming of the digital processing module to realize the functions of data acquisition, forming filtering and the like, and corrects the orthogonal unbalance and the carrier leakage through a correction algorithm, thereby processing signals without being limited by condition factors such as frequency, temperature, process and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for testing the operation of a rangefinder/tacan according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a structural diagram of an embodiment of a device for testing the operation of a distance measuring machine/tacan according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in order to better understand the present invention for those skilled in the art with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be expressly noted that in the following description, a detailed description of known functions and designs will be omitted when it may obscure the subject matter of the present invention.
Examples
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for testing the operation of a rangefinder/tacan in accordance with the present invention.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the apparatus for testing the operation of a distance measuring machine/tacan according to the present invention includes: the system comprises a PXI bus interface module, a baseband processing module and a radio frequency transceiving module;
as shown in fig. 2, the PXI bus interface module, configured to receive control information set by an upper computer, includes: distance simulation information, a working mode, azimuth simulation information and a modulation degree; in this embodiment, the orientation simulation is an added function of the tacan system, and when setting the control information, attention needs to be paid to the fact that the distance between the airplane and the beacon or the device and the orientation of the airplane are variable.
The upper computer sets a working mode and configuration information according to whether the equipment to be tested (namely the airborne equipment) belongs to a range finder system or a Takang system; when the equipment to be tested belongs to the distance measuring machine system, the upper computer only needs to set distance simulation information to simulate the distance between the beacon and the equipment to be tested (namely airborne equipment); when the equipment to be tested belongs to a Takong system, the upper computer simultaneously sets distance simulation information, direction simulation information and a modulation degree, and then simulates the distance and the azimuth angle between a beacon and the equipment to be tested (namely airborne equipment); finally, the set control information is forwarded to the baseband processing module by the PXI bus interface module;
in this embodiment, the PXI bus interface module may implement communication with the control computer according to the PXI specification, and the overall size of the PXI bus interface module conforms to the IEEE1101 standard requirement for a single-slot 3U board card
The radio frequency transceiving module is used for receiving an inquiry signal sent by equipment to be tested (namely airborne equipment), then carrying out down-conversion processing on the inquiry signal to generate I, Q two paths of baseband signals, then respectively carrying out low-pass filtering, analog-to-digital conversion and digital low-pass filtering processing on I, Q two paths of baseband signals, and then inputting the processed signals to the baseband processing module;
the baseband processing module is used for configuring the radio frequency transceiving module; carrying out serial-to-parallel conversion on the received I, Q signals to obtain I, Q parallel data, inputting the data into a decoding module for decoding, and generating an enabling signal after the decoding module judges that an inquiry is received;
before testing, the baseband processing module configures the radio frequency transceiver module according to the configuration information.
When receiving an inquiry signal of a distance measuring machine system, enabling writing of FIFO to be effective, writing the received I, Q two paths of baseband signals into FIFO, enabling distance counting to be effective at the same time, enabling a distance counter to start counting, simultaneously calculating the time required by the inquiry signal sent by the distance measuring machine to the beacon to receive the inquiry signal by a distance control module, and when the counting reaches the delay time, enabling reading to be effective, and reading data from the FIFO as a response pulse; the pulse coding module combines the response pulse with the random filling pulse, the station identification pulse and the balance pulse to generate a baseband digital pulse coding signal which is fed back to the radio frequency transceiving module;
when receiving an inquiry signal of a TACAN system, enabling writing of an FIFO to be effective, writing the received I/Q baseband signals into the FIFO, enabling distance counting to be effective at the same time, enabling a distance counter to start counting, simultaneously calculating the time required by the inquiry signal sent by a distance measuring machine until a beacon receives the inquiry signal by a distance control module, and when the counting reaches the delay time, enabling reading to be effective, and reading data from the FIFO as a response pulse; in addition, the azimuth control module calculates the time needing delaying according to the azimuth, the envelope signal generating module generates envelope signals superposed by 15Hz and 135Hz according to the set modulation degree, the envelope signal generating module also generates an azimuth counter enabling signal, the azimuth counter starts counting when the azimuth counting enabling is effective, and when the counting reaches the delay time, the reference pulse is enabled to be effective, so that the pulse coding module generates a reference pulse group; the pulse coding module combines the response pulse, the reference pulse group and the random filling pulse to generate a pulse group, and the pulse group is modulated with the envelope signal and fed back to the radio frequency transceiving module as a baseband digital pulse coding signal;
in addition, when the device under test is operating in the tacan system mode, the device periodically generates an orientation analog signal even if the interrogation signal is not received. The azimuth control module calculates time needing delaying according to an azimuth angle, the envelope signal generating module generates an envelope signal according to a set modulation degree, the envelope signal generating module also generates an azimuth counter enabling signal, the azimuth counter starts counting when the azimuth counting enabling is effective, and when the counting reaches the delaying time, the reference pulse enabling is effective, so that the pulse coding module generates a reference pulse group; the pulse coding module combines the reference pulse group with self random filling pulse, station identification pulse, equalizing pulse, reference pulse and inquiry pulse, and modulates the pulse group with envelope signal as base band digital pulse coding signal to feed back to the radio frequency transceiver module;
when the equipment to be tested works in the Tacan system mode, the equipment can also actively send out an inquiry signal, then a pulse coding module generates an inquiry pulse and a random filling pulse, and the inquiry pulse and the random filling pulse are used as a baseband digital pulse coding signal to be sent to a radio frequency transceiving module;
after receiving a baseband digital pulse coding signal sent by a range finder system or a tacan system, the radio frequency transceiver module inputs the signal to two I/Q channels, performs digital shaping filtering, analog-to-digital conversion and low-pass filtering on a response signal in sequence, performs up-conversion processing on the response signal, modulates the response signal to a frequency band of 962MHz to 1213MHz, and sends the modulated response signal to a device to be tested (i.e., an airborne device).
Although illustrative embodiments of the present invention have been described above to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and various changes may be made apparent to those skilled in the art as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined by the appended claims, and all matters of the invention which utilize the inventive concepts are protected.
Claims (2)
1. A device for testing the operation of a rangefinder/tacan, comprising: the system comprises a PXI bus interface module, a baseband processing module and a radio frequency transceiving module;
the PXI bus interface module is used for receiving control information set by an upper computer and comprises: distance simulation information, a working mode, azimuth simulation information and a modulation degree;
the upper computer sets a working mode and configuration information according to whether the equipment to be tested belongs to the distance measuring machine system or the TACAN system; when the equipment to be tested belongs to the distance measuring machine system, the upper computer only needs to set distance simulation information to simulate the distance between the beacon and the equipment to be tested; when the equipment to be tested belongs to a Takong system, the upper computer simultaneously sets distance simulation information, direction simulation information and a modulation degree, and then simulates the distance and the azimuth angle between a beacon and the equipment to be tested; finally, the set control information is forwarded to the baseband processing module by the PXI bus interface module;
the radio frequency transceiving module is used for receiving an inquiry signal sent by the equipment to be tested, performing down-conversion processing on the inquiry signal to generate I, Q two paths of baseband signals, performing low-pass filtering, analog-to-digital conversion and digital low-pass filtering processing on I, Q two paths of baseband signals respectively, and inputting the processed signals to the baseband processing module;
the baseband processing module configures the radio frequency transceiving module, performs serial-to-parallel conversion on the I, Q received signals to obtain I, Q two paths of parallel data, inputs the data into the decoding module for decoding, and generates an enabling signal after the decoding module judges that an inquiry is received;
when receiving an inquiry signal of a distance measuring machine system, enabling writing of FIFO to be effective, writing the received I, Q two paths of baseband signals into FIFO, enabling distance counting to be effective at the same time, enabling a distance counter to start counting, simultaneously calculating the time required by the inquiry signal sent by the distance measuring machine to the beacon to receive the inquiry signal by a distance control module, and when the counting reaches the delay time, enabling reading to be effective, and reading data from the FIFO as a response pulse; the pulse coding module combines the response pulse with the random filling pulse, the station identification pulse and the balance pulse to generate a baseband digital pulse coding signal which is fed back to the radio frequency transceiving module;
when receiving an inquiry signal of a TACAN system, enabling writing of an FIFO to be effective, writing the received I/Q baseband signals into the FIFO, enabling distance counting to be effective at the same time, enabling a distance counter to start counting, simultaneously calculating the time required by the inquiry signal sent by a distance measuring machine until a beacon receives the inquiry signal by a distance control module, and when the counting reaches the delay time, enabling reading to be effective, and reading data from the FIFO as a response pulse; in addition, the azimuth control module calculates the time needing delaying according to the azimuth, the envelope signal generating module generates an envelope signal according to the set modulation degree, the envelope signal generating module also generates an azimuth counter enabling signal, the azimuth counter starts counting when the azimuth counting is enabled to be effective, and when the counting reaches the delay time, the reference pulse is enabled to be effective, so that the pulse coding module generates a reference pulse group; the pulse coding module combines the response pulse, the reference pulse group, the random filling pulse, the station identification pulse and the balance pulse to generate a pulse group, and the pulse group is modulated with the envelope signal and fed back to the radio frequency transceiving module as a baseband digital pulse coding signal.
In addition, when the equipment to be tested belongs to a TACAN system, even if the equipment to be tested does not receive an inquiry signal, the equipment to be tested can periodically generate an azimuth analog signal, then the azimuth control module calculates the time needing delaying according to an azimuth, the envelope signal generating module generates an envelope signal according to the set modulation degree, the envelope signal generating module also generates an azimuth counter enabling signal, the azimuth counter starts counting when the azimuth counting enabling is effective, and when the counting reaches the delaying time, the reference pulse enabling is effective, so that the pulse coding module generates a reference pulse group; the pulse coding module combines the reference pulse group with self random filling pulse, station identification pulse, equalizing pulse, reference pulse and inquiry pulse, and modulates the pulse group with envelope signal as base band digital pulse coding signal to feed back to the radio frequency transceiver module; or the equipment to be tested actively sends out an inquiry signal, then the pulse coding module generates an inquiry pulse and a random filling pulse, and the inquiry pulse and the random filling pulse are used as a baseband digital pulse coding signal and sent to the radio frequency transceiving module;
and the radio frequency transceiver module receives a baseband digital pulse coding signal sent by the range finder system or the TACAN system, inputs the baseband digital pulse coding signal into the I/Q two channels, sequentially performs digital forming filtering, analog-to-digital conversion and low-pass filtering on the response signal, and finally performs up-conversion processing and sends the processed signal to equipment to be tested.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the PXI bus interface module communicates with the upper computer according to the PXI specification, and the physical dimension of the PXI bus interface module conforms to the requirement of a single-slot 3U board card of IEEE1101 standard.
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| CN112630775A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-04-09 | 北京航天驭星科技有限公司 | Method and system for measuring distance of target flying object |
| CN114088978A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-02-25 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十研究所 | PXI structure-based calibration method and device for TACAN signal speed parameters |
| CN114295137A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-08 | 天津光电通信技术有限公司 | FPGA-based TACAN signal identification method and system |
| CN114295137B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-10-10 | 天津光电通信技术有限公司 | Takang signal identification method and system based on FPGA |
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