CN110579682B - Fault recording data transient homologous comparison method and device - Google Patents

Fault recording data transient homologous comparison method and device Download PDF

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CN110579682B
CN110579682B CN201910778502.XA CN201910778502A CN110579682B CN 110579682 B CN110579682 B CN 110579682B CN 201910778502 A CN201910778502 A CN 201910778502A CN 110579682 B CN110579682 B CN 110579682B
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sampling
fault
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protection device
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CN110579682A (en
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叶远波
陈实
谢民
王同文
汪胜和
程小平
马伟
王薇
项忠华
陈晓东
董怀普
郭欢
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Hubei Zhongke Yineng Technology Co ltd
State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd
Nanjing SAC Automation Co Ltd
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Hubei Zhongke Yineng Technology Co ltd
State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd
Nanjing SAC Automation Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
    • G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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Abstract

The invention discloses a fault recording data transient homologous comparison method and a device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: matching fault recording files of the relay protection device and the fault recorder; acquiring a transient data section of a relay protection device and a fault recording file of a fault recorder, which are accurately aligned; performing curve fitting on the transient data segment to realize accurate comparison of data, and performing data early warning when the error exceeds the maximum value; the invention has the advantages that: the accuracy of the sampling value of the relay protection device or the fault recording device is monitored and early warned on line, and the reliability of the relay protection device is improved.

Description

Fault recording data transient homologous comparison method and device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fault monitoring in a power grid, in particular to a fault recording data transient state homologous comparison method and device.
Background
In an electric power system, a mutual inductor is used as an indispensable measuring unit in the electric power system, and the mutual inductor has different errors in different measuring ranges, thereby directly influencing the acquisition precision of a relay protection device and a fault recorder. With the continuous development of the smart power grid, the system scale is larger and larger, the voltage level is higher and higher, the structure is more and more complex, particularly, the transient process influenced by various factors when a fault occurs is very complex, and the influence on the sampling precision of the mutual inductor is the most serious.
At present, the acquisition units of the relay protection device and the fault recorder both adopt electromagnetic mutual inductors, and primary large current is converted into secondary small current according to transformation ratio through magnetic coupling between primary side coils, secondary side coils and iron cores. Errors in the acquisition process mainly come from the following sources: (1) the method comprises the steps of (1) piecewise linear errors generated by a mutual inductor, (2) nonlinear errors caused by saturation, hysteresis and the like of the mutual inductor, (3) influence of design errors and zero drift of an acquisition system and a signal link, (4) errors of A/D conversion precision, and (5) noise and electromagnetic noise of the system. When a system has a fault, the fault short-circuit current suddenly increases or exceeds the rated limit value of the transformer for one time, the iron core is easily saturated to lose the inherent transmission and transformation characteristics, the sampling precision is caused to have errors, and the protection misoperation is caused. Because the transient process is short, the existing monitoring method cannot accurately acquire the electrical quantities of the relay protection device and the fault recorder in actual operation in the transient process, and therefore, in order to protect the safe operation of a power grid and improve the accuracy of actions of the relay protection device, online monitoring of sampling values in the transient process of the relay protection device and the fault recorder is required.
With the development of communication technology, key technical problems such as remote transmission and uploading of recording data of a relay protection device and a fault recorder are solved, the change conditions of various electrical quantities during and after a fault before the fault occurs in a system are recorded in detail by fault recording, and the sampling rate is high.
Chinese patent publication No. CN109711573A discloses a method for comparing steady state homologous data of a wave recording acquisition unit and a protection device, which compares the data of the wave recording acquisition unit with the steady state data of the protection device MMS to give an alarm, but compares the steady state data, and does not compare the data of the transient process, so the comparison result is not accurate enough, and the characteristics of the transient process cannot be accurately reflected, so the reliability of the comparison result is low.
Chinese patent publication No. CN109655692A discloses a transient homologous data comparison method based on recording files, which aligns data according to waveforms of corresponding channels in respective recording files of a protection device and a recording acquisition unit and zero-time sampling points of switching values, is affected by factors such as NPS time synchronization and start algorithm, and only compares effective values and phase angles of a previous cycle, a next cycle and two next cycles of an X1 abscissa of the zero-time sampling points, so that features in a transient process cannot be accurately reflected, and the reliability of a comparison result is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the fault recording data transient homologous comparison method in the prior art cannot accurately reflect the characteristics in the transient process and the reliability of the comparison result is low.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
a fault recording data transient homology comparison method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: acquiring fault recording data of a relay protection device and fault recording data of a fault recorder within a preset time range, analyzing the acquired fault recording data of the relay protection device and the fault recording data of the fault recorder to acquire sampling data, performing mutation judgment and out-of-limit judgment on each sampling data to acquire a mutation value of the sampling data and a steady state value of a period before mutation, and finally matching a fault recording file of the relay protection device with a fault recording file of the fault recorder;
step two: analyzing the successfully matched fault recording file to obtain voltage channel data of the same voltage grade, obtaining a variance combination for the voltage channel data of the same voltage grade by adopting a difference value calculation method, and obtaining a transient data section after the fault recording file of the relay protection device and the fault recording file of the fault recorder are accurately aligned by taking data of an interval corresponding to the minimum variance in the variance combination as a reference;
step three: unifying the lengths of the transient data sections of all the channels, segmenting the transient data sections of all the channels, solving the difference value combination, solving the average value of the difference value combination, alarming when the average value exceeds a preset error, carrying out curve fitting on the transient data sections according to the data of the difference value combination, and carrying out data early warning when the sampling error exceeds the maximum value of the error.
Preferably, the first step includes:
step 101: acquiring fault wave recording data of a relay protection device and fault wave recording data of a fault wave recorder within a time range from T1 to T2, wherein the T is a preset time interval; t1 is the time range left boundary, T2 is the time range right boundary;
step 102: analyzing fault recording data of the relay protection device and fault recording data of the fault recorder, acquiring channel numbers and channel types of all channels of the fault recording data, and acquiring sampling data corresponding to the channels according to the channel numbers
Figure GDA0003182176160000031
Interpolating sampled data of the relay protection device, wherein x0For the sampling instant, x, corresponding to the first sampling point1For the sampling instant, y, corresponding to the second sampling point0For the sample value corresponding to the first sample point, y1The sampling value corresponding to the second sampling point, x is the moment corresponding to the interpolation point, and y (x) is the sampling value corresponding to the interpolation point;
step 103: according to the formula
Figure GDA0003182176160000032
Searching whether the sampling data of the channel has sudden change, wherein A (t) is an instantaneous sampling value of the channel, N is a sampling period after interpolation processing, kf is a sudden change coefficient, and InIs the nominal value of the channel;
by the formula Δ IΦ>1.25ΔIT+ΔIset(Φ as a, B, C) judging whether the mutation is out of limit, wherein Δ IΦIs effective value of channel, A represents A phase, B represents B phase, C represents C phase, Δ ITTo float the threshold, Δ IsetSetting a starting value for the channel out-of-limit;
when the effective value of any channel meets the mutation out-of-limit formula, the channel meets the mutation condition, and the mutation value and the steady-state value of the previous period of mutation are recorded;
step 104: carrying out mutation analysis on sampling data of channels of the relay protection device and the fault recorder in sequence, counting mutation values and phase differences of the channels of each fault recording file, matching the fault recording files of the relay protection device in sequence on the basis of the recording files meeting the mutation of the fault recorder, and entering the next step if the phase differences meeting the mutation values are consistent and the error of the steady state value is within a preset threshold value, and otherwise, continuously searching and sequentially circulating.
Preferably,. DELTA.IsetIs equal to 0.2In。
Preferably, kf is 0.25.
Preferably, the second step includes:
step 201: analyzing the successfully matched recording file, and acquiring voltage channel data with the same voltage level in the previous 1 period and the previous 2 periods of the mutation point according to the channel corresponding to the mutation, wherein the voltage channel data are respectively marked as E and F, the sampling interval is [0, N ], and N is the sampling period after interpolation processing.
Step 202: extracting E in the first interval by adopting a difference value calculation method
Figure GDA0003182176160000041
The data of F in a second interval is extracted simultaneously, the second interval is a dynamic interval, and F is circulated from the sampling time 0 to the sampling time in sequence
Figure GDA0003182176160000042
Each sampling interval is
Figure GDA0003182176160000043
F in the second interval and E in the first interval
Figure GDA0003182176160000044
Calculating the difference of the above data, and then calculating the variance to obtain
Figure GDA0003182176160000045
The variances form variance combinations;
step 203: and the data of the interval corresponding to the minimum variance in the variance combination is an accurate alignment interval of the two recording files, and the interval is taken as a reference to extract a transient data section.
Preferably, the third step includes:
step 301: unifying the lengths of the transient data segments of all the channels to obtain the duration time T of each transient data segment;
step 302: constructing a segmentation interval, and dividing the transient data segment into M segments according to the duration T of the transient data segment, wherein the length of each segment of data segment is X ═ T/20. N)/M;
step 303: sequentially calculating difference values of the transient data segments after the relay protection device and the fault recorder are segmented to obtain a difference value combination;
step 304: combining the obtained difference values to obtain an average value, if the average value is smaller than a preset error, the sampling precision of the transient data segment meets the requirement, and if the average value exceeds the preset error, the sampling precision exceeds the error range, and alarming is carried out;
step 305: constructing a function model of the fitting curve as
Figure GDA0003182176160000051
Wherein, I0Being a constant DC component, Id0To attenuate the DC component, ImFor the post-short-circuit period component, TdFor the decay time constant, ω is the angular frequency,
Figure GDA0003182176160000052
is an initial phase;
performing curve fitting according to the data of the difference combination to obtain a fitting curve;
step 306: analyzing the fitted multi-section curve function to obtain y (t)<δmaxRange of t in (1), δmaxAnd when the sampling error exceeds the maximum error value, the sampling error of the transient data is larger, and data early warning is performed.
The invention also provides a fault recording data transient state homologous comparison device, which comprises:
the matching module is used for acquiring fault recording data of the relay protection device and fault recording data of the fault recorder within a preset time range, analyzing the acquired fault recording data of the relay protection device and the fault recording data of the fault recorder to acquire sampling data, performing mutation judgment and out-of-limit judgment on each sampling data, acquiring a mutation value of the sampling data and a steady state value of a previous period of mutation, and finally matching a fault recording file of the relay protection device with a fault recording file of the fault recorder;
the acquisition module is used for analyzing the successfully matched fault recording file to acquire voltage channel data of the same voltage grade, acquiring a variance combination for the voltage channel data of the same voltage grade by adopting a difference value calculation method, and acquiring a transient data section after the fault recording file of the relay protection device and the fault recording file of the fault recorder are accurately aligned by taking data of an interval corresponding to the minimum variance in the variance combination as a reference;
and the early warning module is used for unifying the lengths of the transient data sections of all the channels, segmenting the transient data sections of all the channels, solving the difference value combination, solving the average value of the difference value combination, alarming when the average value exceeds a preset error, performing curve fitting on the transient data sections according to the data of the difference value combination, and performing data early warning when the sampling error exceeds the maximum error value.
Preferably, the matching module further comprises:
the fault wave recording data acquisition unit is used for acquiring fault wave recording data of the relay protection device and fault wave recording data of the fault wave recorder within a time range from T1 to T2, wherein the T is a preset time interval, and the T is the reference of the current system time T; t1 is the time range left boundary, T2 is the time range right boundary;
the interpolation unit is used for analyzing the fault recording data of the relay protection device and the fault recording data of the fault recorder, acquiring the channel number and the channel type of each channel of the fault recording data, and acquiring the sampling data corresponding to the channel according to the channel number
Figure GDA0003182176160000061
Interpolating sampled data of the relay protection device, wherein x0For the sampling instant, x, corresponding to the first sampling point1For the sampling instant, y, corresponding to the second sampling point0For the sample value corresponding to the first sample point, y1The sampling value corresponding to the second sampling point, x is the moment corresponding to the interpolation point, and y (x) is the sampling value corresponding to the interpolation point;
an abrupt change judging unit for judging an abrupt change according to a formula
Figure GDA0003182176160000062
Searching whether the sampling data of the channel has sudden change, wherein A (t) is an instantaneous sampling value of the channel, N is a sampling period after interpolation processing, kf is a sudden change coefficient, and InIs the nominal value of the channel;
by the formula Δ IΦ>1.25ΔIT+ΔIset(Φ as a, B, C) judging whether the mutation is out of limit, wherein Δ IΦIs effective value of channel, A represents A phase, B represents B phase, C represents C phase, Δ ITTo float the threshold, Δ Iset is a channel out-of-limit starting fixed value;
when the effective value of any channel meets the mutation out-of-limit formula, the channel meets the mutation condition, and the mutation value and the steady-state value of the previous period of mutation are recorded;
and the fault recording file matching unit is used for carrying out mutation analysis on the sampling data of the channels of the relay protection device and the fault recorder in sequence, counting mutation values and phase differences of the channels of each fault recording file, matching the fault recording files of the relay protection device in sequence on the basis of the recording files of the fault recorder meeting the mutation records, and when the phase differences meeting the mutation values are consistent and the error of the steady state value is within a preset threshold value, matching the recording files successfully, entering the next step, otherwise, continuously searching and circulating in sequence.
Preferably, the obtaining module further includes:
and the voltage channel data acquisition unit is used for analyzing the successfully matched recording file, acquiring voltage channel data with the same voltage level in the previous 1 period and the previous 2 periods of the mutation point according to the channel corresponding to the mutation, and respectively recording the voltage channel data as E and F, wherein the sampling interval is [0, N ], and N is the sampling period after interpolation processing.
A variance combination obtaining unit for extracting E in the first interval by using a difference calculation method
Figure GDA0003182176160000071
The data of F in a second interval is extracted simultaneously, the second interval is a dynamic interval, and F is circulated from the sampling time 0 to the sampling time in sequence
Figure GDA0003182176160000072
Each sampling interval is
Figure GDA0003182176160000073
F in the second interval and E in the first interval
Figure GDA0003182176160000074
Calculating the difference of the above data, and then calculating the variance to obtain
Figure GDA0003182176160000075
The variances form variance combinations;
and the transient data segment extraction unit is used for extracting transient data segments from the data of the interval corresponding to the minimum variance in the variance combination, namely the accurate alignment interval of the two recording files by taking the interval as a reference.
Preferably, the early warning module further comprises:
the transient data segment length unification unit is used for unifying the lengths of the transient data segments of all the channels to obtain the duration time T of each transient data segment;
the transient data segment segmentation unit is used for constructing a segmentation interval, dividing the transient data segment into M segments according to the duration T of the transient data segment, and setting the length of each segment of data segment as X to be T/20. N)/M;
the difference value calculation unit is used for sequentially carrying out difference value calculation on the transient data sections after the relay protection device and the fault recorder are segmented to obtain a difference value combination;
the average value obtaining unit is used for combining the obtained difference values to obtain an average value, if the average value is smaller than a preset error, the sampling precision of the transient data segment meets the requirement, and if the average value exceeds the preset error, the sampling precision exceeds the error range, and an alarm is given;
a curve fitting unit for constructing a function model of a fitting curve as
Figure GDA0003182176160000081
Wherein, I0Being a constant DC component, Id0To attenuate the DC component, ImFor the post-short-circuit period component, TdFor the decay time constant, ω is the angular frequency,
Figure GDA0003182176160000082
is an initial phase;
performing curve fitting according to the data of the difference combination to obtain a fitting curve;
an analysis unit for analyzing the fitted multi-segment curve function to obtain y (t)<δmaxRange of t in (1), δmaxAnd when the sampling error exceeds the maximum error value, the sampling error of the transient data is larger, and data early warning is performed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention discloses a fault recording data transient state homologous comparison method based on curve fitting, which is used for intelligently matching fault recording files of a relay protection device and a fault recorder, analyzing and comparing the characteristics of a transient state process during fault, carrying out online monitoring and early warning on the precision of a sampling value of the relay protection device or the fault recorder, and improving the reliability of the relay protection device.
The data are accurately aligned through the consistency of waveform transient data, the data are not influenced by NPS time synchronization, the data are irrelevant to starting algorithms of a relay protection device and a recording acquisition unit, and meanwhile, piecewise curve fitting is adopted, the data in the whole transient process are analyzed and compared instead of only comparing a plurality of values, and the comparison result is more reliable.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic main flow chart of a fault recording data transient homology comparison method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart illustrating matching of fault recording files in a fault recording data transient homologous comparison method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of transient data segment extraction of a fault recording data transient homologous comparison method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart illustrating curve fitting performed on a transient data segment in the fault recording data transient homology comparison method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1, which is a main flow diagram of a fault recording data transient homology comparison method according to an embodiment of the present invention, a fault recording data transient homology comparison method includes:
step S1: acquiring fault recording data of a relay protection device and fault recording data of a fault recorder within a preset time range, analyzing the acquired fault recording data of the relay protection device and the fault recording data of the fault recorder to acquire sampling data, performing mutation judgment and out-of-limit judgment on each sampling data to acquire a mutation value of the sampling data and a steady state value of a period before mutation, and finally matching a fault recording file of the relay protection device with a fault recording file of the fault recorder;
according to the analysis of the operation conditions of a field relay protection device and a fault recorder, for a transient fault, a plurality of fault recording files are usually available, although a field GPS time service device has unified time scale information, but different device start algorithms are different, and the time scale information of each recording file is still not exactly the same, so that all fault recording files in an interval need to be processed, so that the fault recording files of the relay protection device and the fault recording files of the fault recorder are under the same time scale, the fault recording files of the relay protection device and the fault recording files of the fault recorder are matched, and the process of matching the fault recording files is described in detail below. As shown in fig. 2, a schematic flow chart of matching fault recording files of the fault recording data transient homologous comparison method according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown,
step 101: acquiring fault wave recording data of a relay protection device and fault wave recording data of a fault wave recorder within a time range from T1 to T2, wherein the T is a preset time interval; t1 is the time range left boundary, T2 is the time range right boundary; the current system time refers to a moment randomly selected in the transient fault process, a preset time interval is pushed forward according to the moment, the preset time interval is pushed backward, a time range is formed, and fault recording data of the relay protection device and fault recording data of the fault recorder are extracted in the time range.
Step 102: analyzing fault recording data of the relay protection device and fault recording data of the fault recorder, acquiring channel numbers and channel types of all channels of the fault recording data, and acquiring sampling data corresponding to the channels according to the channel numbers
Figure GDA0003182176160000101
Interpolating sampled data of the relay protection device, wherein x0For the sampling instant, x, corresponding to the first sampling point1For the sampling instant, y, corresponding to the second sampling point0For the sample value corresponding to the first sample point, y1The sampling value corresponding to the second sampling point, x is the moment corresponding to the interpolation point, and y (x) is the sampling value corresponding to the interpolation point;
step 103: according to the formula
Figure GDA0003182176160000111
Searching whether the sampling data of the channel has sudden change, wherein A (t) is an instantaneous sampling value of the channel, N is a sampling period after interpolation processing, kf is a sudden change coefficient, and InIs the nominal value of the channel; kf is generally 0.25, and after a plurality of field experiments, the mutation coefficient may be other values as long as the mutation can be judged.
After judging whether mutation exists, not all mutations need to be alarmed, the mutation has a mutation limit value, if the mutation is out of limit, the alarm is required, if the mutation is not out of limit, the mutation belongs to normal mutation and is not caused by fault, so that the formula delta I is used for judging whether all the mutations exist or notΦ>1.25ΔIT+ΔIset(Φ as a, B, C) judging whether the mutation is out of limit, wherein Δ IΦIs effective value of channel, A represents A phase, B represents B phase, C represents C phase, Δ ITTo float the threshold, Δ IsetFor off-channel start-up settings, Δ IsetGenerally take 0.2In. For each phase of the channel, whether the mutation is out of limit is calculated, so that the channel in which the mutation occurs and the phase of the channel are judged.
When the effective value of any channel meets the mutation out-of-limit formula, the channel meets the mutation condition, and the mutation value and the steady-state value of the previous period of mutation are recorded;
step 104: carrying out mutation analysis on sampling data of channels of the relay protection device and the fault recorder in sequence, counting mutation values and phase differences of the channels of each fault recording file, matching the fault recording files of the relay protection device in sequence on the basis of the recording files meeting the mutation of the fault recorder, and entering the next step if the phase differences meeting the mutation values are consistent and the error of the steady state value is within a preset threshold value, and otherwise, continuously searching and sequentially circulating.
Step S2: analyzing the successfully matched fault recording file to obtain voltage channel data of the same voltage grade, obtaining a variance combination for the voltage channel data of the same voltage grade by adopting a difference value calculation method, and obtaining a transient data section after the fault recording file of the relay protection device and the fault recording file of the fault recorder are accurately aligned by taking data of an interval corresponding to the minimum variance in the variance combination as a reference;
after the recording files are successfully matched, due to the time mark relationship of the recording files, the transient process needs to be accurately aligned or extracted after the proper recording files are selected, and the data can be divided into the following states according to time for a complete fault by analyzing the transient process of the recording data: pre-fault state, on-fault state, post-fault state. The states before and after the fault are both steady states and have no transient process. Because there is no influence of harmonic wave, non-periodic component and other signals in the steady state process, and the sampling precision of the relay protection device and the fault recorder is generally small in error, the data alignment in the transient state process can be realized through the steady state signal, as shown in fig. 3, a schematic flow diagram for extracting the transient data segment of the fault recording data transient state homologous comparison method provided by the embodiment of the invention is shown, and the data alignment process in the transient state process is described in detail below,
step 201: analyzing the successfully matched recording file, and acquiring voltage channel data with the same voltage level in the previous 1 period and the previous 2 periods of the mutation point according to the channel corresponding to the mutation, wherein the voltage channel data are respectively marked as E and F, the sampling interval is [0, N ], and N is the sampling period after interpolation processing.
Step 202: extracting E in the first interval by adopting a difference value calculation method
Figure GDA0003182176160000121
The data of F in a second interval is extracted simultaneously, the second interval is a dynamic interval, and F is circulated from the sampling time 0 to the sampling time in sequence
Figure GDA0003182176160000122
Each sampling interval is
Figure GDA0003182176160000123
F in the second interval and E in the first interval
Figure GDA0003182176160000124
Calculating the difference of the above data, and then calculating the variance to obtain
Figure GDA0003182176160000125
The variances form variance combinations;
step 203: and the data of the interval corresponding to the minimum variance in the variance combination is an accurate alignment interval of the two recording files, and the interval is taken as a reference to extract a transient data section.
Before a fault occurs, the voltage values of the same voltage class are the same, so that the data with the minimum variance can be considered, the waveform characteristics of the data are consistent, the point with the minimum variance is taken as the accurate alignment point of the two wave recording files, and the transient data section is extracted by taking the point as the reference.
Meanwhile, the difference value is calculated by E in the first interval
Figure GDA0003182176160000126
With reference to the data above, and for F cycles from sample time 0 to sample time
Figure GDA0003182176160000131
Each sampling interval is
Figure GDA0003182176160000132
With E in the first interval
Figure GDA0003182176160000133
And calculating the variance after the difference value of the data, namely comparing the data of the E and the data of the F time by time, wherein the small variance indicates that the waveform of the section is high in consistency, so that the section with the minimum variance is taken as two accurate alignment sections of the wave recording files, and the transient data section in the section is extracted.
Step S3: unifying the lengths of the transient data sections of all the channels, segmenting the transient data sections of all the channels, solving the difference value combination, solving the average value of the difference value combination, alarming when the average value exceeds a preset error, carrying out curve fitting on the transient data sections according to the data of the difference value combination, and carrying out data early warning when the sampling error exceeds the maximum value of the error. Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart illustrating curve fitting performed on a transient data segment in the fault recording data transient homology comparison method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a curve fitting process and a curve fitting significance are described in detail below.
Step 301: unifying the lengths of the transient data segments of all the channels to obtain the duration time T of each transient data segment; in this embodiment, the transient data segment with the shortest length is used as a reference, and the lengths of all the transient data segments are unified into the length of the shortest transient data segment, that is, all the transient data segments are aligned.
Step 302: constructing a segmentation interval, and dividing the transient data segment into M segments according to the duration T of the transient data segment, wherein the length of each segment of data segment is X ═ T/20. N)/M;
step 303: sequentially calculating difference values of the transient data segments after the relay protection device and the fault recorder are segmented to obtain a difference value combination; the difference value calculation is that all data segments of the relay protection device in the duration time T and all data segments of the fault recorder in the duration time T are subjected to difference value calculation according to the time axis, and data at the same time are subtracted to obtain a difference value combination.
Step 304: combining the obtained difference values to obtain an average value, if the average value is smaller than a preset error, the sampling precision of the transient data segment meets the requirement, and if the average value exceeds the preset error, the sampling precision exceeds the error range, and alarming is carried out;
step 305: constructing a function model of the fitting curve as
Figure GDA0003182176160000134
Wherein, I0Being a constant DC component, Id0To attenuate the DC component, ImFor the post-short-circuit period component, TdFor the decay time constant, ω is the angular frequency,
Figure GDA0003182176160000141
is an initial phase;
performing curve fitting according to the data of the difference combination to obtain a fitting curve; the purpose of solving the fitting curve is to perform data early warning of the wave recording file and predict the time range of the next transient data segment.
Step 306: analyzing the fitted multi-section curve function to obtain y (t)<δmaxRange of t in (1), δmaxFor maximum error, sampling error exceedsAnd when the error is maximum, the sampling error of the transient data is larger, and data early warning is performed.
The invention also provides a fault recording data transient state homologous comparison device, which comprises:
the matching module is used for acquiring fault recording data of the relay protection device and fault recording data of the fault recorder within a preset time range, analyzing the acquired fault recording data of the relay protection device and the fault recording data of the fault recorder to acquire sampling data, performing mutation judgment and out-of-limit judgment on each sampling data, acquiring a mutation value of the sampling data and a steady state value of a previous period of mutation, and finally matching a fault recording file of the relay protection device with a fault recording file of the fault recorder;
the acquisition module is used for analyzing the successfully matched fault recording file to acquire voltage channel data of the same voltage grade, acquiring a variance combination for the voltage channel data of the same voltage grade by adopting a difference value calculation method, and acquiring a transient data section after the fault recording file of the relay protection device and the fault recording file of the fault recorder are accurately aligned by taking data of an interval corresponding to the minimum variance in the variance combination as a reference;
and the early warning module is used for unifying the lengths of the transient data sections of all the channels, segmenting the transient data sections of all the channels, solving the difference value combination, solving the average value of the difference value combination, alarming when the average value exceeds a preset error, performing curve fitting on the transient data sections according to the data of the difference value combination, and performing data early warning when the sampling error exceeds the maximum error value.
Preferably, the matching module further comprises:
the fault wave recording data acquisition unit is used for acquiring fault wave recording data of the relay protection device and fault wave recording data of the fault wave recorder within a time range from T1 to T2, wherein the T is a preset time interval, and the T is the reference of the current system time T; t1 is the time range left boundary, T2 is the time range right boundary;
the interpolation unit is used for analyzing fault recording data and fault records of the relay protection deviceAcquiring the channel number and the channel type of each channel of the fault recording data according to the fault recording data of the wave filter, and acquiring sampling data corresponding to the channel according to the channel number
Figure GDA0003182176160000151
Interpolating sampled data of the relay protection device, wherein x0For the sampling instant, x, corresponding to the first sampling point1For the sampling instant, y, corresponding to the second sampling point0For the sample value corresponding to the first sample point, y1The sampling value corresponding to the second sampling point, x is the moment corresponding to the interpolation point, and y (x) is the sampling value corresponding to the interpolation point;
an abrupt change judging unit for judging an abrupt change according to a formula
Figure GDA0003182176160000152
Searching whether the sampling data of the channel has sudden change, wherein A (t) is an instantaneous sampling value of the channel, N is a sampling period after interpolation processing, kf is a sudden change coefficient, and InIs the nominal value of the channel;
by the formula Δ IΦ>1.25ΔIT+ΔIset(Φ as a, B, C) judging whether the mutation is out of limit, wherein Δ IΦIs effective value of channel, A represents A phase, B represents B phase, C represents C phase, Δ ITTo float the threshold, Δ IsetSetting a starting value for the channel out-of-limit;
when the effective value of any channel meets the mutation out-of-limit formula, the channel meets the mutation condition, and the mutation value and the steady-state value of the previous period of mutation are recorded;
and the fault recording file matching unit is used for carrying out mutation analysis on the sampling data of the channels of the relay protection device and the fault recorder in sequence, counting mutation values and phase differences of the channels of each fault recording file, matching the fault recording files of the relay protection device in sequence on the basis of the recording files of the fault recorder meeting the mutation records, and when the phase differences meeting the mutation values are consistent and the error of the steady state value is within a preset threshold value, matching the recording files successfully, entering the next step, otherwise, continuously searching and circulating in sequence.
Preferably, the obtaining module further includes:
and the voltage channel data acquisition unit is used for analyzing the successfully matched recording file, acquiring voltage channel data with the same voltage level in the previous 1 period and the previous 2 periods of the mutation point according to the channel corresponding to the mutation, and respectively recording the voltage channel data as E and F, wherein the sampling interval is [0, N ], and N is the sampling period after interpolation processing.
A variance combination obtaining unit for extracting E in the first interval by using a difference calculation method
Figure GDA0003182176160000161
The data of F in a second interval is extracted simultaneously, the second interval is a dynamic interval, and F is circulated from the sampling time 0 to the sampling time in sequence
Figure GDA0003182176160000162
Each sampling interval is
Figure GDA0003182176160000163
F in the second interval and E in the first interval
Figure GDA0003182176160000164
Calculating the difference of the above data, and then calculating the variance to obtain
Figure GDA0003182176160000165
The variances form variance combinations;
and the transient data segment extraction unit is used for extracting transient data segments from the data of the interval corresponding to the minimum variance in the variance combination, namely the accurate alignment interval of the two recording files by taking the interval as a reference.
Preferably, the early warning module further comprises:
the transient data segment length unification unit is used for unifying the lengths of the transient data segments of all the channels to obtain the duration time T of each transient data segment;
the transient data segment segmentation unit is used for constructing a segmentation interval, dividing the transient data segment into M segments according to the duration T of the transient data segment, and setting the length of each segment of data segment as X ═ T/20. N)/M;
the difference value calculation unit is used for sequentially carrying out difference value calculation on the transient data sections after the relay protection device and the fault recorder are segmented to obtain a difference value combination;
the average value obtaining unit is used for combining the obtained difference values to obtain an average value, if the average value is smaller than a preset error, the sampling precision of the transient data segment meets the requirement, and if the average value exceeds the preset error, the sampling precision exceeds the error range, and an alarm is given;
a curve fitting unit for constructing a function model of a fitting curve as
Figure GDA0003182176160000166
Wherein, I0Being a constant DC component, Id0To attenuate the DC component, ImFor the post-short-circuit period component, TdFor the decay time constant, ω is the angular frequency,
Figure GDA0003182176160000171
is an initial phase;
performing curve fitting according to the data of the difference combination to obtain a fitting curve;
an analysis unit for analyzing the fitted multi-segment curve function to obtain y (t)<δmaxRange of t in (1), δmaxAnd when the sampling error exceeds the maximum error value, the sampling error of the transient data is larger, and data early warning is performed.
Through the technical scheme, the fault recording data transient state homologous comparison method based on curve fitting provided by the invention is used for intelligently matching fault recording files of a relay protection device and a fault recorder, analyzing and comparing the characteristics of a transient state process during fault comparison, carrying out online monitoring and early warning on the sampling value precision of the relay protection device or the fault recorder and improving the reliability of the relay protection device. The data are accurately aligned through the consistency of waveform transient data, the data are not influenced by NPS time synchronization, the data are irrelevant to starting algorithms of a relay protection device and a recording acquisition unit, and meanwhile, piecewise curve fitting is adopted, the data in the whole transient process are analyzed and compared instead of only comparing a plurality of values, and the comparison result is more reliable.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A fault recording data transient homology comparison method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: acquiring fault recording data of a relay protection device and fault recording data of a fault recorder within a preset time range, analyzing the acquired fault recording data of the relay protection device and the fault recording data of the fault recorder to acquire sampling data, performing mutation judgment and out-of-limit judgment on each sampling data to acquire a mutation value of the sampling data and a steady state value of a period before mutation, and when the condition that the mutation values of the fault recorder and the relay protection device are consistent and the error of the steady state values of the fault recorder and the relay protection device is within a preset threshold value is met, successfully matching the recording files;
step two: analyzing the successfully matched fault recording file to obtain voltage channel data of the same voltage grade, obtaining a variance combination for the voltage channel data of the same voltage grade by adopting a difference value calculation method, and obtaining a transient data section after the fault recording file of the relay protection device and the fault recording file of the fault recorder are accurately aligned by taking data of an interval corresponding to the minimum variance in the variance combination as a reference; the specific process is as follows:
step 201: analyzing the successfully matched fault recording file, and acquiring voltage channel data with the same voltage level in the previous 1 period and the previous 2 period of the mutation point according to the channel corresponding to the mutation, wherein the voltage channel data are respectively marked as E and F, the sampling interval is [0, N ], and N is the sampling period after interpolation processing;
step 202: extracting E in the first interval by adopting a difference value calculation method
Figure FDA0003214320720000011
The data of F in a second interval is extracted simultaneously, the second interval is a dynamic interval, and F is circulated from the sampling time 0 to the sampling time in sequence
Figure FDA0003214320720000012
Each sampling interval is
Figure FDA0003214320720000013
F in the second interval and E in the first interval
Figure FDA0003214320720000014
Calculating the difference of the above data, and then calculating the variance to obtain
Figure FDA0003214320720000015
The variances form variance combinations;
step 203: the data of the interval corresponding to the minimum variance in the variance combination is the accurate alignment interval of the fault recorder and the fault recording file of the relay protection device, and the interval is taken as a reference to extract a transient data section;
step three: unifying the lengths of the transient data sections of all channels, sequentially calculating the difference of the transient data sections after the relay protection device and the fault recorder are segmented, wherein the difference calculation is that all the data sections of the relay protection device on the duration T and all the data sections of the fault recorder on the duration T are subjected to difference calculation according to the time axis, subtracting the data at the same moment to obtain a difference combination, calculating the average value of the difference combination, alarming when the average value exceeds a preset error, performing curve fitting on the transient data sections according to the data of the difference combination, and performing data early warning when the sampling error exceeds the maximum value of the error.
2. The fault recording data transient homology comparison method of claim 1, wherein the first step comprises:
step 101: acquiring fault wave recording data of a relay protection device and fault wave recording data of a fault wave recorder within a time range from T1 to T2, wherein the T is a preset time interval; t1 is the time range left boundary, T2 is the time range right boundary;
step 102: analyzing fault recording data of the relay protection device and fault recording data of the fault recorder, acquiring channel numbers and channel types of all channels of the fault recording data, acquiring sampling data corresponding to the channels according to the channel numbers, and obtaining the sampling data through a Lagrange first-order interpolation algorithm formula
Figure FDA0003214320720000021
Interpolating sampled data of the relay protection device, wherein x0For the sampling instant, x, corresponding to the first sampling point1For the sampling instant, y, corresponding to the second sampling point0For the sample value corresponding to the first sample point, y1The sampling value corresponding to the second sampling point, x is the moment corresponding to the interpolation point, and y (x) is the sampling value corresponding to the interpolation point;
step 103: for each sample data, determining whether the sample data satisfies the following formula,
Figure FDA0003214320720000022
if yes, judging that the sampling data has sudden change, wherein A (t) is an instantaneous sampling value of a channel, N is a sampling period after interpolation processing, kf is a sudden change coefficient, and InIs the nominal value of the channel;
for each sample data, determining whether the sample data satisfies the following formula, Δ IΦ>1.25ΔIT+ΔIsetIf yes, determining that the sampling data is out of limit, wherein delta IΦIs effective value of channel, A represents phase A, B represents phase BB phase, C phase, Δ ITTo float the threshold, Δ IsetSetting a starting value for the channel out-of-limit;
under the condition that the sampling data is out of limit, acquiring a sudden change value of the sampling data and a steady state value of a previous sudden change period;
step 104: and matching the fault recording files of the relay protection device and the fault recorder in sequence aiming at the mutation value of the channel corresponding to each fault recording file and the phase corresponding to the fault recording file, wherein when the condition that the mutation values of the fault recorder and the relay protection device are consistent and the error of the steady state values of the fault recorder and the relay protection device is within a preset threshold value is met, the matching of the fault recording files is successful, the next step is carried out, otherwise, the searching is continued, and the sequential circulation is carried out.
3. The fault recording data transient homology comparison method of claim 2, wherein Δ I issetIs equal to 0.2In。
4. The fault recording data transient homology method of claim 2, wherein kf is 0.25.
5. The fault recording data transient homology comparison method according to claim 1, wherein the third step comprises:
step 301: unifying the lengths of the transient data segments of all the channels to obtain the duration time T of each transient data segment;
step 302: constructing a segmentation interval, and dividing the transient data segment into M segments according to the duration T of the transient data segment, wherein the length of each segment of data segment is X ═ T/20. N)/M;
step 303: sequentially calculating difference values of the transient data sections after the relay protection device and the fault recorder are segmented, wherein the difference value calculation is that all data sections of the relay protection device and all data sections of the fault recorder in the duration time T are subjected to difference value calculation according to time axes, and data at the same time are subtracted to obtain a difference value combination;
step 304: combining the obtained difference values to obtain an average value, if the average value is smaller than a preset error, the sampling precision of the transient data segment meets the requirement, and if the average value exceeds the preset error, the sampling precision exceeds the error range, and alarming is carried out;
step 305: constructing a function model of the fitting curve as
Figure FDA0003214320720000041
Wherein, I0Being a constant DC component, Id0To attenuate the DC component, ImFor the post-short-circuit period component, TdFor the decay time constant, ω is the angular frequency,
Figure FDA0003214320720000042
is an initial phase;
performing curve fitting according to the data of the difference combination to obtain a fitting curve;
step 306: analyzing the fitted multi-section curve function to obtain a sampling error y (t)<δmaxRange of t in (1), δmaxAnd when the sampling error exceeds the maximum error value, the sampling error of the transient data is larger, and data early warning is performed.
6. A fault recording data transient homology comparison apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
the matching module is used for acquiring fault recording data of the relay protection device and fault recording data of the fault recorder within a preset time range, analyzing the acquired fault recording data of the relay protection device and the fault recording data of the fault recorder to acquire sampling data, performing mutation judgment and out-of-limit judgment on each sampling data to acquire a mutation value of the sampling data and a steady state value of a previous period of mutation, and when the condition that the mutation values of the fault recorder and the relay protection device are consistent and the error of the steady state values of the fault recorder and the relay protection device is within a preset threshold value is met, successfully matching the recording files;
the acquisition module is used for analyzing the successfully matched fault recording file to acquire voltage channel data of the same voltage grade, acquiring a variance combination for the voltage channel data of the same voltage grade by adopting a difference value calculation method, and acquiring a transient data section after the fault recording file of the relay protection device and the fault recording file of the fault recorder are accurately aligned by taking data of an interval corresponding to the minimum variance in the variance combination as a reference; the acquisition module is further configured to:
the voltage channel data acquisition unit is used for analyzing the successfully matched fault recording file, acquiring voltage channel data with the same voltage level in the previous 1 period and the previous 2 period of the mutation point according to the channel corresponding to the mutation, and respectively recording the voltage channel data as E and F, wherein the sampling interval is [0, N ], and N is the sampling period after interpolation processing;
a variance combination obtaining unit for extracting E in the first interval by using a difference calculation method
Figure FDA0003214320720000043
The data of F in a second interval is extracted simultaneously, the second interval is a dynamic interval, and F is circulated from the sampling time 0 to the sampling time in sequence
Figure FDA0003214320720000051
Each sampling interval is
Figure FDA0003214320720000052
F in the second interval and E in the first interval
Figure FDA0003214320720000053
Calculating the difference of the above data, and then calculating the variance to obtain
Figure FDA0003214320720000054
The variances form variance combinations;
the transient data segment extraction unit is used for extracting transient data segments from data of an interval corresponding to the minimum variance in the variance combination, wherein the interval is an accurate alignment interval of fault recording files of the fault recorder and the relay protection device, and the interval is used as a reference;
the early warning module is used for unifying the lengths of the transient data sections of all channels, sequentially calculating difference values of the transient data sections after the relay protection device and the fault recorder are segmented, wherein the difference value calculation is that all the data sections of the relay protection device on the duration T and all the data sections of the fault recorder on the duration T are subjected to difference value calculation according to the time axis, the data at the same time are subtracted to obtain a difference value combination, the difference value combination is subjected to average value calculation, the average value exceeds a preset error, an alarm is given, curve fitting is carried out on the transient data sections according to the data of the difference value combination, and data early warning is carried out when the sampling error exceeds the maximum value of the error.
7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the matching module further comprises:
the fault wave recording data acquisition unit is used for acquiring fault wave recording data of the relay protection device and fault wave recording data of the fault wave recorder within a time range from T1 to T2, wherein the T is a preset time interval, and the T is the reference of the current system time T; t1 is the time range left boundary, T2 is the time range right boundary;
the interpolation unit is used for analyzing the fault recording data of the relay protection device and the fault recording data of the fault recorder, acquiring the channel number and the channel type of each channel of the fault recording data, acquiring sampling data corresponding to the channel according to the channel number, and obtaining the sampling data through a Lagrange first-order interpolation algorithm formula
Figure FDA0003214320720000055
Interpolating sampled data of the relay protection device, wherein x0For the sampling instant, x, corresponding to the first sampling point1For the sampling instant, y, corresponding to the second sampling point0For the sample value corresponding to the first sample point, y1The sampling value corresponding to the second sampling point, x is the moment corresponding to the interpolation point, and y (x) is the sampling value corresponding to the interpolation point;
a mutation determination unit for determining, for each sample data, whether the sample data satisfies the following formula,
Figure FDA0003214320720000061
if yes, judging that the sampling data has sudden change, wherein A (t) is an instantaneous sampling value of a channel, N is a sampling period after interpolation processing, kf is a sudden change coefficient, and InIs the nominal value of the channel;
for each sample data, determining whether the sample data satisfies the following formula, Δ IΦ>1.25ΔIT+ΔIsetIf yes, determining that the sampling data is out of limit, wherein delta IΦIs effective value of channel, A represents A phase, B represents B phase, C represents C phase, Δ ITTo float the threshold, Δ IsetSetting a starting value for the channel out-of-limit;
under the condition that the sampling data is out of limit, acquiring a sudden change value of the sampling data and a steady state value of a previous sudden change period;
and the fault recording file matching unit is used for sequentially matching the fault recording files of the relay protection device and the fault recorder according to the mutation value of the channel corresponding to each fault recording file and the phase corresponding to the fault recording file, and when the condition that the mutation values of the fault recorder and the relay protection device are consistent and the error of the steady state values of the fault recorder and the relay protection device is within a preset threshold value is met, the matching of the fault recording files is successful, the next step is started, and if the error is not, the searching is continued and the sequential circulation is performed.
8. The fault recording data transient homology comparison device of claim 6, wherein the early warning module further comprises:
the transient data segment length unification unit is used for unifying the lengths of the transient data segments of all the channels to obtain the duration time T of each transient data segment;
the transient data segment segmentation unit is used for constructing a segmentation interval, dividing the transient data segment into M segments according to the duration T of the transient data segment, and setting the length of each segment of data segment as X ═ T/20. N)/M;
the difference value calculation unit is used for sequentially calculating the difference values of the transient data sections after the relay protection device and the fault recorder are segmented, wherein the difference value calculation is that all the data sections of the relay protection device and all the data sections of the fault recorder in the duration time T are subjected to difference value calculation according to the time axis, and the data at the same time are subtracted to obtain a difference value combination;
the average value obtaining unit is used for combining the obtained difference values to obtain an average value, if the average value is smaller than a preset error, the sampling precision of the transient data segment meets the requirement, and if the average value exceeds the preset error, the sampling precision exceeds the error range, and an alarm is given;
a curve fitting unit for constructing a function model of a fitting curve as
Figure FDA0003214320720000071
Wherein, I0Being a constant DC component, Id0To attenuate the DC component, ImFor the post-short-circuit period component, TdFor the decay time constant, ω is the angular frequency,
Figure FDA0003214320720000072
is an initial phase;
performing curve fitting according to the data of the difference combination to obtain a fitting curve;
an analysis unit for analyzing the fitted multi-segment curve function to obtain a sampling error y (t)<δmaxRange of t in (1), δmaxAnd when the sampling error exceeds the maximum error value, the sampling error of the transient data is larger, and data early warning is performed.
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