CN110556124B - Aerospace digital sound mixing device based on 1553B bus - Google Patents

Aerospace digital sound mixing device based on 1553B bus Download PDF

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CN110556124B
CN110556124B CN201910842932.3A CN201910842932A CN110556124B CN 110556124 B CN110556124 B CN 110556124B CN 201910842932 A CN201910842932 A CN 201910842932A CN 110556124 B CN110556124 B CN 110556124B
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黄建青
戴志晃
陆彬
张蓓蕾
蔡非凡
吴晟
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Shanghai Spaceflight Institute of TT&C and Telecommunication
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    • G10MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10LSPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L21/00Speech or voice signal processing techniques to produce another audible or non-audible signal, e.g. visual or tactile, in order to modify its quality or its intelligibility
    • G10L21/003Changing voice quality, e.g. pitch or formants
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
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Abstract

The invention provides an aerospace digital sound mixing device based on a 1553B bus, which comprises: the device comprises a data division multiplexing circuit, a digital audio mixing circuit and a 1553B bus communication circuit; the digital sound mixing circuit is respectively and electrically connected with the data division multiplexing circuit and the 1553B bus communication circuit; the data division multiplexing circuit is used for combining the received multi-channel digital audio PCM signal data and dividing the mixed digital mixed sound data into branches according to the digital audio PCM signal data; the digital sound mixing circuit receives instruction information of the 1553B bus communication circuit, updates a sound mixing strategy according to the instruction information, performs sound mixing processing on the received digital audio PCM signal by using the sound mixing strategy, and feeds back a sound mixing state to the 1553B bus communication circuit; the 1553B bus communication circuit controls and processes 1553B bus data transmission, transmits bus instruction information to the digital sound mixing circuit and feeds back the state of the digital sound mixing circuit to the bus. The invention enables the sound mixing effect to achieve the performances of good universality and good controllability through the continuously updated sound mixing strategy.

Description

Aerospace digital sound mixing device based on 1553B bus
Technical Field
The invention relates to an on-track audio signal processing device, in particular to an aerospace digital audio mixing device based on a 1553B bus, which can be applied to realizing on-track digital audio mixing processing of audio signals.
Background
A voice communication system in aerospace engineering needs a plurality of call terminals to communicate with each other. In the prior art, an analog operational amplifier circuit is adopted for sound mixing, the analog sound mixing mode is simple to implement, but the sound mixing strategy cannot be changed in real time, and the universality and the on-track controllability are poor. There is a need for a digital audio mixing apparatus with on-track real-time control and audio mixing detection strategies for implementing controllable intercommunication between various call terminals, including flexible settings of terminal access volume status, etc.
Currently, there are no controllable and flexibly configurable devices on the market that have such functions as required by aerospace high-level devices. The traditional commercial tuning equipment cannot meet the on-track use requirement in the device level, and tuning control must be finished manually on the equipment, and cannot be controlled and monitored remotely.
In summary, it is necessary to design a general controllable digital audio mixing device in combination with the main technical trend and task background requirements, so as to meet the practical use requirements of aerospace engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an aerospace digital audio mixing device based on a 1553B bus, aiming at the defects that the audio mixing strategy cannot be changed in real time and the universality and the on-track controllability are poor.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an aerospace digital sound mixing device based on a 1553B bus comprises:
the device comprises a data division multiplexing circuit, a digital audio mixing circuit and a 1553B bus communication circuit; the digital sound mixing circuit is respectively and electrically connected with the data division multiplexing circuit and the 1553B bus communication circuit;
the data multiplexing circuit is used for combining the received multi-channel digital audio PCM signal data and dividing the mixed digital mixed sound data into branches according to the digital audio PCM signal data;
the digital sound mixing circuit receives the instruction information of the 1553B bus communication circuit, updates a sound mixing strategy according to the instruction information, performs sound mixing processing on the received digital audio PCM signal by using the sound mixing strategy and feeds back a sound mixing state to the 1553B bus communication circuit; the instruction information is digital audio volume data of each channel;
the 1553B bus communication circuit controls and processes 1553B bus data transmission, transmits bus instruction information to the digital audio mixing circuit and receives state feedback of the digital audio mixing circuit.
Preferably, the 1553B bus communication circuit comprises: a 1553B controller and a 1553B transformer; the 1553B controller is an MIL-STD-1553B bus communication controller, is used for 1553B bus protocol processing and communication control, and is configured with a terminal address; the 1553B transformer is arranged between the 1553B bus and the 1553B controller.
Preferably, the instruction information includes the volume of each digital audio PCM signal; the mixed audio data is the sum of the audio data input by each path except the audio data input by the mixer and the volume of the audio data.
Preferably, the data multiplexing circuit and the digital sound mixing circuit are connected by using an McASP interface.
Preferably, the audio AD/DA conversion circuit is further included, and converts the received analog audio signal into a digital audio PCM signal, transmits the digital audio PCM signal to the data division multiplexing circuit, and converts the digital audio PCM signal into an analog audio signal.
Preferably, the audio AD/DA conversion circuit includes: a signal conditioning circuit and an AD/DA converter; the signal conditioning circuit is used for conditioning the input and output analog audio signals; the AD/DA converter is used for carrying out analog-to-digital/digital-to-analog conversion on the audio signal.
Preferably, a clock source is also included; the clock source comprises an FPGA clock source, a DSP clock source and a 1553B controller clock source;
the FPGA clock source provides a global clock for the data multiplexing circuit;
the DSP clock source provides a global clock for the digital audio mixing circuit;
the 1553B controller clock source provides a global clock for the 1553B controller.
Preferably, the device also comprises a memory; the memory is respectively connected with the data division multiplexing circuit and the digital sound mixing circuit and is used for storing programs and running data of the data division multiplexing circuit and the digital sound mixing circuit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) controlling the mutual communication requirement when a plurality of call terminals are communicated with each other;
(2) the invention has certain universality aiming at the mutual communication between the call terminals;
(3) the invention enables the call terminal to realize the goals of good controllability and flexible setting;
(4) the invention can be popularized and applied to the voice communication requirements of other related projects.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a digital mixing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of FPGA software provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the DSP software flow provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a waveform of a digital audio PCM signal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing waveforms between the audio AD/DA conversion circuit and the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a waveform of an McASP interface between an FPGA chip and a DSP chip according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: the device comprises a 10-audio AD/DA conversion circuit, a 20-data division multiplexing circuit, a 30-digital sound mixing circuit, a 41-1553B bus, a 42-1553B controller, a 43-1553B transformer, a 51-FPGA clock source, a 52-DSP clock source and a 53-1553B controller clock source.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.
While the embodiments of the present invention will be described and illustrated in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, but is intended to cover various modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
For the convenience of understanding the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will be further explained by taking specific embodiments as examples with reference to the drawings, and the embodiments are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
The core idea of the invention is to provide a digital audio mixing method and device, which realize controllable digital voice interaction function. And the embedded software and hardware are jointly designed to correspondingly configure the volume access state of each path of voice signal and the like. Compared with other similar products, the method realizes the generalization and has strong flexibility.
As shown in fig. 1, a block diagram of a digital audio mixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an aerospace digital audio mixing device based on a 1553B bus.
In this example, first, the input audio signal is subjected to unified processing of audio signal format, the audio signal is unified into a digital audio PCM (Pulse Code Modulation) signal, if the received audio signal is a digital audio PCM signal, the digital audio PCM signal is directly subjected to pre-mixing processing, and if the received audio signal is an analog audio signal, the analog audio signal is converted into a digital audio PCM signal and then subjected to pre-mixing processing.
And carrying out digital multiplexing processing on the received multi-channel digital audio PCM signals, merging the multi-channel digital audio PCM signals into a single-channel digital audio mixing signal, then carrying out audio mixing processing according to an updated audio mixing strategy, carrying out digital tapping processing after the audio mixing processing is finished, and transmitting the digital tapping processing to each target terminal according to the type of the original channel audio signal.
Concretely, an aerospace digital audio mixing device based on a 1553B bus 41 comprises a data division multiplexing circuit 20, a digital audio mixing circuit 30 and a 1553B bus communication circuit; the digital mixer circuit 30 is electrically connected to the data multiplexing circuit 20 and the 1553B bus communication circuit, respectively. The data division multiplexing circuit 20 is configured to combine (digitally multiplex) the received multiple paths of digital audio PCM signal data, and divide (digitally tap) the mixed digital audio PCM signal data into multiple paths of digital audio PCM signal data; the digital sound mixing circuit 30 receives the instruction information transmitted by the 1553B bus communication circuit, updates a sound mixing strategy according to the instruction information, performs sound mixing processing on the received combined digital audio PCM signal by using the sound mixing strategy, and feeds back a sound mixing state to the 1553B bus communication circuit; the 1553B bus communication circuit controls and processes 1553B bus data transmission, transmits bus instruction information to the digital audio mixing circuit 30 and receives audio mixing state feedback of the digital audio mixing circuit 30.
In one embodiment, the instruction information is the volume of each digital audio; the preset mixed audio data is the sum of the audio data input by each path except the audio data input by the preset mixed audio data and the volume of the audio data.
The digital audio mixing circuit 30 receives the injected data through the 1553B bus communication circuit according to the specific sub-address in the 1553B bus 41, in this embodiment, the data reflects the volume information of each path of digital audio signal, and the digital audio mixing circuit 30 updates the mixed data in real time according to the volume information. Meanwhile, the state of each path of audio volume is fed back to a specific subaddress in a 1553B bus 41 through a 1553B bus communication circuit. The 1553B bus 41 transmits remote control commands (volume control) and volume telemetry data, and distinguishes whether the data type is telemetry or command information by different RT (remote terminal) subaddresses.
In the present embodiment, the digital mixer circuit 30 performs mixing using the following equation.
Figure GDA0003527561590000041
That is, the mixed data of each path of digital audio PCM signal is the sum of the products of the other channels except the path and the volume. Therefore, the volume control can be realized, the access volume of each terminal can be controlled, and the audio signal input by the channel can not be heard.
1553B bus communication circuit includes: a 1553B controller 42 and a 1553B transformer 43; the 1553B controller 42 is an MIL-STD-1553B bus communication controller, is used for carrying out 1553B bus protocol processing and communication control, is configured with a terminal address, and has a Remote Terminal (RT) function; the 1553B transformer 43 is arranged between the 1553B bus and the 1553B controller 42 and plays a role in impedance matching and short-circuit protection.
The data multiplexing circuit 20 and the digital Audio mixing circuit 30 are connected by an McASP interface (Multichannel Audio Serial Port), and a plurality of low-speed digital signal streams need to be merged into one high-speed digital signal stream. For the processing of digital audio PCM signals, it is understood that the McASP interface is an interface for digital multiplexing as well as digital tapping of digital audio PCM signals.
Then, with respect to the data multiplexing circuit 30, a digital multiplexing circuit and a digital demultiplexing circuit are included for performing digital multiplexing and digital demultiplexing processing on the digital audio PCM signal. The digital multiplexing circuit is provided with a circuit for combining a plurality of paths of digital audio PCM signals into a path of composite digital signal in a time division multiplexing mode; the digital tapping circuit has a circuit for separating one path of composite digital signal into a plurality of paths of corresponding digital signals.
In this example, the data multiplexing circuit 20 uses an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), and a program in the data multiplexing circuit 20 digitally multiplexes each path of digital audio PCM signal according to a preset format, and digitally taps the mixed digital audio data according to the preset format. In this example, the model of the FPGA chip used by the data multiplexing circuit 20 is XQVR300, the XQVR300 chip is a high-level radiation-resistant FPGA of XILINX corporation (saint), the single-particle locking resistance of the FPGA chip reaches 125MeV cm2/mg, the total ionizing dose can reach 100K Rad (Si), and the FPGA chip is suitable for space environment.
In this embodiment, the digital audio mixing circuit 30 employs a DSP chip (digital signal processor), and the digital audio mixing circuit 30 updates the audio mixing strategy according to the instruction information transmitted by the 1553B bus communication circuit, performs digital audio mixing according to the audio mixing strategy, and uploads each audio mixing state to the 1553B bus communication circuit. In this embodiment, the DSP chip receives instruction data of each path of digital audio volume information sent by the 1553B controller 42, and performs audio mixing according to the volume information and its audio mixing formula.
In this embodiment, the digital audio mixing circuit 30 employs a high-performance 32-bit fixed-point DSP SM320DM642 chip for digital multimedia applications, which is manufactured by TI corporation, and by using this chip, the user can conveniently perform high-speed processing on the complex audio operation and can seamlessly connect the audio codec devices.
Multiplexing is to multiplex each path of digital audio PCM signals according to formats in a data combining way, and transmit multiplexed data to an McASP interface of the DSP chip according to the time sequence requirement of the McASP interface; and in the data shunting process, data sent by the McASP interface of the DSP chip is shunted into each path of digital audio PCM signal according to the time sequence requirement of the McASP interface.
In order to unify the received audio signals into digital audio PCM signals, the audio signal processing apparatus further includes an audio AD/DA conversion circuit 10, which is configured to convert the received analog audio signals into digital audio PCM signals through analog-digital conversion so as to perform audio mixing processing, and after the audio mixing processing is completed, the digital audio PCM signals need to be converted into analog audio signals so as to correspond to data transmission of the analog audio signals. The audio AD/DA conversion circuit 10 includes a signal conditioning circuit and an AD/DA converter.
The signal conditioning circuit is used for conditioning the input and output analog audio signals, and in this example, the signal conditioning circuit adopts an operational amplifier with a 50MHz signal bandwidth. The AD/DA converter is used for AD/DA conversion of the audio signal, and in this example, a 16-bit precision, 32KHz sampling rate AD/DA converter is used. Further, in this example, an AD827 chip by ADI (adno semiconductor technologies, ltd) is used as the signal conditioning circuit. The AD827 chip drives current as high as 30mA, drives infinite capacitive load and has low noise
Figure GDA0003527561590000051
Particularly suitable for driving long line loads for voice calls. The AD/DA converter used TLV320AIC23B chip from TI (Texas Instruments, Tex.). The TLV320AIC23B chip is a high-performance stereo audio Codec chip, has programmable gain adjustment for input and output, is internally provided with analog-digital conversion and digital-analog conversion parts, adopts advanced Sigma-delta oversampling technology, and is a very ideal audio AD/DA device.
In this embodiment, the device further includes a clock source and a memory, the clock source is respectively connected to the data multiplexing circuit 20, the digital audio mixing circuit 30, and the 1553B bus communication circuit, and is configured to provide a clock required for data processing in the data multiplexing circuit 20, the digital audio mixing circuit 30, and the 1553B bus communication circuit; the memories are respectively connected to the data multiplexing circuit 20 and the digital mixing circuit 30, and are used for storing programs and operation data of the data multiplexing circuit 20 and the digital mixing circuit 30.
In this embodiment, the clock source is a quartz crystal oscillator, and includes three sub-clock sources, which are respectively an FPGA clock source 51, a DSP clock source 52, and a 1553B controller clock source 53. In this example, the FPGA clock source 51 provides a global clock for the data multiplexing circuit 20, and the oscillation frequency is 24.576 MHz; the DSP clock source 52 provides a global clock for the digital audio mixing circuit 30, and the oscillation frequency is 50 MHz; 1553B controller clock source 53 provides a global clock to 1553B controller 42 with an oscillation frequency of 16 MHz.
The memory comprises a PROM memory, a FLASH memory and an SDRAM memory. The PROM memory is used for program storage of the data multiplexing circuit 20. The FLASH memory and the SDRAM memory are used for storing a program and operation data of the digital mixer circuit 30, respectively.
Referring to fig. 2, a functional block diagram of FPGA software provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 3, a flow block diagram of DSP software provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specifically, when an audio signal enters the apparatus, it is necessary to convert the analog audio signal into a digital audio PCM signal by performing signal format conversion on the analog audio signal by the audio AD/DA conversion circuit 10. The audio AD/DA conversion circuit 10 needs an FPGA to perform initialization configuration.
Before the audio mixing process, the data is first combined in the data division multiplexing circuit 20. Specifically, data combining is carried out on digital audio PCM signals in an FPGA chip according to requirements, the digital audio PCM signals enter a DSP chip for sound mixing processing after the data combining is completed, digital sound mixing data are transmitted to the FPGA chip for data shunting according to formats after the processing is completed, and each path of digital audio data after the data shunting enters a corresponding signal transmission channel.
The audio signal output is an analog audio signal, and is firstly converted into an analog audio signal for transmission by the audio AD/DA conversion circuit 10, and the audio signal output is a digital audio PCM signal for direct transmission.
And the digital audio PCM signal after data combination enters a DSP chip from the McASP interface to be subjected to sound mixing processing. Specifically, after the digital audio PCM signal enters the DSP chip, the DSP chip updates the sound mixing strategy after receiving the instruction of the 1553B controller, performs sound mixing according to the updated sound mixing strategy, feeds back the sound mixing state to the 1553B controller, and ends the current sound mixing process.
The FPGA chip adopts the data division multiplexing principle of each path of digital audio PCM signal. Assuming that 12-way call terminals are included, 12-way digital audio PCM signals can be simultaneously received in the FPGA chip. The FPGA chip converts the 12 digital audio links into a path of McASP interface time sequence to communicate with the DSP. Meanwhile, the DSP sends the mixed data to the FPGA through the McASP interface, and the FPGA is divided into 12 digital audio links.
Based on the working principle of the FPGA, as shown in fig. 4, which is a schematic diagram of a waveform of a digital audio PCM signal, a sampling rate of the audio signal is 32kb/s, each sampling point is marked by 16 bits, so that a total data amount is 32kb/s × 16 bits ═ 512kb/s, and a data clock is 512 kHz. And a synchronization indicator is used for representing the position of the 16-bit data.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of waveforms between the audio AD/DA conversion circuits.
As can be seen from the figure, BCLK is 3072kHz, LRCIN/LRCOUT frequency is 32kHz, and 16 bits before DIN/DOUT in the LRCIN/LRCOUT high level are voice data, so the actual total voice data amount is 32kHz × 16 bits 512 kb/s.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of waveforms of McASP interfaces in the FPGA and the DSP.
Where each Slot corresponds to 16 bits (and 16 CLK periods) of voice data for one channel and FS corresponds to Slot 0(16 CLK periods). Slot n is the 16bit voice data for the nth voice channel. Since the sampling frequency of each voice channel is 32kHz, the CLK frequency is 6144kHz (12 × 16 × 32kHz 6144 kHz).
Further, as can be seen from the following table, the FPGA chip converts the 12 digital audio links into a single McASP interface timing sequence, and communicates with the DSP. Meanwhile, the DSP sends the mixed data to the FPGA chip through the McASP interface, and the FPGA chip is divided into 12 digital audio links.
Figure GDA0003527561590000071
The McASP interface is arranged in the DSP chip, supports a multi-channel audio transmission format and can realize seamless connection with other audio equipment. Meanwhile, the DSP chip is communicated with a 1553B bus communication circuit, and receives a control instruction sent by a 1553B bus, including audio volume information of each audio signal, so that sound mixing can be performed according to the following formula:
Figure GDA0003527561590000072
that is, each pass-through output audio is the sum of the products of the audio and the volume input for the remaining channels.
Thus, in this example, the volume can be controlled, the access volume of each terminal can be controlled, and the audio signal input by the channel can not be heard.
In conclusion, the aerospace digital sound mixing device has certain universality, and can update the sound mixing strategy through the command of the 1553B bus, so that the aims of good universality and good controllability are fulfilled.
The present invention has been described in terms of specific examples, which are provided to aid understanding of the invention and are not intended to be limiting. For a person skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions, modifications or substitutions may be made according to the idea of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. A space navigation digital sound mixing device based on a 1553B bus is characterized in that the device is used for carrying out digital multiplexing processing on received multi-channel digital audio PCM signals, combining the signals into a channel of digital audio sound mixing signal, then carrying out sound mixing processing according to an updated sound mixing strategy, carrying out digital tapping processing after the sound mixing processing is finished, and transmitting the signals to each target terminal according to the type of the original channel audio signals;
the device comprises:
the device comprises a data division multiplexing circuit, a digital audio mixing circuit and a 1553B bus communication circuit; the data multiplexing circuit is electrically connected with the digital sound mixing circuit, and the digital sound mixing circuit is electrically connected with the 1553B bus communication circuit;
the data multiplexing circuit is used for combining the received multi-channel digital audio PCM signal data and dividing the mixed digital mixed sound data into branches according to the digital audio PCM signal data;
the digital sound mixing circuit receives the instruction information of the 1553B bus communication circuit, updates a sound mixing strategy according to the instruction information, performs sound mixing processing on the received digital audio PCM signal by using the sound mixing strategy,
the digital sound mixing circuit adopts the following formula to mix sound:
Figure FDA0003527561580000011
the instruction information comprises the volume of each path of digital audio PCM signal; the mixed data is the sum of the products of the audio data input by each path except the audio data input by the data mixer and the volume of the audio data;
simultaneously feeding back the sound mixing state to the 1553B bus communication circuit; the instruction information is volume data of each path of digital audio;
the 1553B bus communication circuit controls and processes data transmission on a 1553B bus, and transmits bus instruction information to the digital audio mixing circuit and receives audio mixing state feedback of the digital audio mixing circuit.
2. The aerospace digital mixing device based on 1553B bus as recited in claim 1, wherein the 1553B bus communication circuit comprises: a 1553B controller and a 1553B transformer; the 1553B controller is an MIL-STD-1553B bus communication controller, is used for 1553B bus protocol processing and communication control, and is configured with a terminal address; the 1553B transformer is arranged between the 1553B bus and the 1553B controller.
3. The aerospace digital mixing device based on the 1553B bus of claim 1, wherein the data division multiplexing circuit and the digital mixing circuit are connected by a McASP interface.
4. The aerospace digital mixing device based on 1553B bus as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an audio AD/DA converting circuit, wherein the audio AD/DA converting circuit converts the received analog audio signal into a digital audio PCM signal to be transmitted to the data division multiplexing circuit, and converts the digital audio PCM signal into an analog audio signal.
5. The aerospace digital mixing device based on 1553B bus as recited in claim 4, wherein the audio AD/DA converting circuit comprises: a signal conditioning circuit and an AD/DA converter; the signal conditioning circuit is used for conditioning the input and output analog audio signals; the AD/DA converter is used for carrying out analog-to-digital/digital-to-analog conversion on the audio signal.
6. The 1553B bus-based aerospace digital mixing apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a clock source; the clock source comprises an FPGA clock source, a DSP clock source and a 1553B controller clock source;
the FPGA clock source provides a global clock for the data multiplexing circuit;
the DSP clock source provides a global clock for the digital audio mixing circuit;
the 1553B controller clock source provides a global clock for the 1553B controller.
7. The 1553B bus-based aerospace digital mixing apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a memory; the memory is respectively connected with the data division multiplexing circuit and the digital sound mixing circuit and is used for storing programs and running data of the data division multiplexing circuit and the digital sound mixing circuit.
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