CN110502059B - Maximum power point tracking device and method for solar camera - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a maximum power point tracking device and method of a solar camera, and belongs to the technical field of solar cameras. By creating a matrix array, the illuminance and the maximum power point are digitally stored, and then the correlation between the illuminance and the power of the maximum power point is utilized to determine the power scanning of the maximum power point, so that the tracking algorithm of the maximum power point can be effectively prevented from sinking into a local maximum value, and the solar energy utilization rate of the system is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar cameras, in particular to a maximum power point tracking device and method for a solar camera.
Background
With the continuous deep integration of the Internet of things technology and modern agriculture, novel agricultural visualization systems, new energy sources, new agriculture combination and other technologies are continuously developed. The solar wireless camera technology is a key technology for agricultural visualization, and the traditional solar camera has the problems of low charging efficiency and poor reliability. The reason for this is that the existing products and technologies do not develop the optimization of the power point of the solar camera on the basis of deep understanding of the discharge characteristics of the solar photovoltaic cells, so that the solar utilization rate is low, the cruising ability of the products is affected, and the reliability problem is brought. Therefore, in the current new agriculture background, the development of the solar camera with high efficiency and high reliability is a vital work.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a maximum power point tracking device and method for a solar camera, which solve the problems of low charging efficiency, poor cruising ability and unreliable performance of the existing solar camera technology.
The invention solves the problems by the following technical proposal:
a maximum power point tracking method of a solar camera comprises the following steps:
step 1: the MCU core module controls the data storage chip module through an electric connection line, and an N multiplied by M matrix array LP [ N ] [ M ] is created in the data storage chip module, wherein N is an array subscript and also represents the value of illuminance, and M is the number of the acquired maximum power point power values under the condition of the illuminance N;
step 2: the MCU core module samples the power of the solar panel and the illumination sensor module, and simultaneously takes the maximum power point power Pm [ t ] of the solar panel and the illuminance Lux [ t ] of the illumination sensor module in each sampling time t;
step 3: taking the integer part Luxi [ t ] of the illuminance Lux [ t ], and storing Pm [ t ] into a matrix array LP [ N ] [ M ];
step 4: taking the maximum power point power Pm [ n ] of the solar panel at the moment n and the illuminance Lux [ n ] of the illumination sensor module;
step 5: searching the corresponding maximum power point power average value by utilizing illuminance Lux [ n ] to obtain LP [ Lux [ n ] ] [ M ], and setting a judgment threshold delta;
step 6: tracking and controlling the maximum power point;
step 7: the MCU core module is in wireless connection with all solar cameras in the area through the wireless ad hoc network module, illuminance data of all the solar cameras are obtained, whether abnormal values occur in illuminance in the area is detected, if so, an abnormal alarm is sent to a server by the WiFi network module, maintenance staff is prompted to overhaul, and the step 1 is returned; if not, returning to step 1.
The storage process in the step 3 is as follows:
step 3.1, defining variables i and j, let i=luxi [ t ];
step 3.2, performing operation j= (j++) (M-1);
step 3.3, storing Pm [ t ] into a matrix array LP [ N ] [ M ], namely LP [ i ] [ j ] =Pm [ t ];
step 3.4, performing an operationLP[i][M]The maximum power point power average value recorded when the illuminance value is i is represented, and k is an intermediate variable for calculation.
The process of tracking and controlling the maximum power point in the step 6 is as follows:
step 6.1, if the |LP [ Lux [ n ] ] [ M ] -Pm [ n ] | is smaller than the threshold delta, the power scanning is not carried out again, and the original Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control program is continuously executed, namely, the step 6.3 is skipped;
step 6.2, if the |LP [ Lux [ n ] ] [ M ] -Pm [ n ] | is larger than the threshold delta, carrying out power scanning;
and 6.3, performing Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT).
The specific process of singultus of the power scanning in the step 6.2 is as follows:
the MCU core module scans the control signal duty ratio D of the power management module from 0.05 to 0.95 in a stepping way by 0.001%, each step of scanning records a power value P and a corresponding solar panel voltage value V to obtain a P-V curve, after the scanning is finished, the maximum power point of the P-V curve is taken, and the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control program is carried out at the power point to jump to the step 6.3.
The specific process of hiccup tracking the maximum power point in the step 6.3 is as follows:
step 6.3.1, adding a disturbance delta D to the control signal duty ratio D of the power management module;
step 6.3.2, observing the change direction of the power of the solar panel, if the power of the solar panel is increased, repeating the step 6.3.1, otherwise, executing downwards;
step 6.3.3, subtracting a disturbance amount delta D from the control signal duty ratio D of the power management module;
step 6.3.4, observing the change direction of the solar panel power, if the solar panel power is increased, repeating step 6.3.3, otherwise jumping to step 6.3.1;
the maximum power point tracking device of the solar camera comprises a camera module, a WiFi network module, a wireless ad hoc network module, an MCU core module, a data storage chip module, a solar panel module, an illumination sensor module and a power management module, wherein the power management module comprises a built-in lithium battery;
the power management module with the built-in lithium battery is electrically connected with the camera module, the WiFi network module, the wireless ad hoc network module, the MCU core module, the data storage chip module, the solar panel module and the illumination sensor module through power connection wires, and is used for power supply and power management of all modules of the system; the camera module, the WiFi network module, the wireless ad hoc network module, the data storage chip module, the solar panel module, the illumination sensor module and the power management module are electrically connected with the MCU core module through signal connecting wires;
the MCU core module is used for the control of whole device, and the camera module is used for video acquisition, and the wiFi network module is used for the network connection and the transmission of system and outside cloud server, and wireless ad hoc network module is used for regional solar energy camera networking connection, and data storage chip module is used for storing data information, and solar cell panel module is used for solar photoelectric conversion, and the illumination sensor module is used for gathering the illuminance information, and power management module is with solar cell module electric energy charge built-in lithium cell on the one hand, and on the other hand provides the device power supply.
The invention has the advantages and effects that:
the invention carries out digital storage on the illuminance and the maximum power point by creating the matrix array, then determines the power scanning of the maximum power point by utilizing the relevance of the illuminance and the power of the maximum power point, can effectively avoid the tracking algorithm of the maximum power point from sinking into a local maximum value, and improves the solar energy utilization rate of the system; the product is more intelligent by utilizing a data analysis method and a digital control means, and the future expansion of the system is facilitated; the whole system can realize more optimized energy use under the support of a novel algorithm, and better cruising ability can be obtained; the wireless ad hoc network technology obtains the illuminance value of the same area, detects the illuminance abnormal value in the area, prompts maintenance personnel to overhaul, enables the product to be more intelligent and humanized, and further improves the reliability and fault prediction capability of the system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the device structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
The maximum power point tracking method of the solar camera can realize the high-precision and high-efficiency maximum power point tracking function, and as shown in figure 1, the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, the mcu core module controls the data storage chip module through the electrical connection line, and creates an n×m matrix array LP [ N ] [ M ] in the data storage chip module, where N is both an array subscript and represents the illuminance value, and in this embodiment, n=20000 is preferable. M refers to the number of maximum power point power values collected in the case of illuminance N, and m=5000 is preferable in this embodiment.
And 2, simultaneously taking the maximum power point power Pm [ t ] of the solar panel and the illuminance Lux [ t ] of the illumination sensor module at each sampling time t.
Step 3, taking the integer part Luxi [ t ] of the illuminance Lux [ t ], and storing Pm [ t ] into a matrix array LP [ N ] [ M ], wherein the specific storage method is as follows:
step 3.1, defining variables i and j, let i=luxi [ t ].
Step 3.2, operation j= (j++) (M-1) is performed.
Step 3.3, store Pm [ t ] into matrix array LP [ N ] [ M ], i.e., LP [ i ] [ j ] =Pm [ t ].
Step 3.4, performing an operationLP[i][M]The maximum power point power average value recorded when the illuminance value is i is represented, and k is an intermediate variable for calculation.
And 4, simultaneously taking the maximum power point power Pm [ n ] of the solar panel and the illuminance Lux [ n ] of the illumination sensor module at each control moment n.
And 5, searching the corresponding maximum power point power average value by utilizing the illuminance Lux [ n ] to obtain LP [ Lux [ n ] ] [ M ], and setting a judgment threshold delta.
And 6, performing maximum power point tracking control, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
and 6.1, if the absolute value of the LP [ Lux [ n ] ] [ M ] -Pm [ n ] | is smaller than the threshold delta, the power scanning is not carried out again, and the original duty ratio disturbance control program is continuously executed, namely the step 6.3 is skipped.
Step 6.2, if |LP [ Lux [ n ] ] [ M ] -Pm [ n ] | is larger than threshold value delta, power scanning is performed by the following specific method:
the MCU core module scans the control signal duty ratio D of the power management module from 0.05 to 0.95 in a stepping way by 0.001%, records a power value P and a corresponding solar panel voltage value V in each step of scanning to obtain a P-V curve, takes the maximum power point of the P-V curve after the scanning is finished, performs a duty ratio disturbance control program at the power point, and jumps to step 6.3.
And 6.3, performing duty ratio disturbance control, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps of:
and 6.3.1, adding a disturbance delta D to the duty ratio D of the control signal of the power management module.
And 6.3.2, observing the change direction of the power of the solar panel, if the power of the solar panel is increased, repeating the step 6.3.1, otherwise, executing downwards.
And 6.3.3, subtracting a disturbance quantity delta D from the control signal duty cycle D of the power management module.
Step 6.3.4, observing the change direction of the solar panel power, if the solar panel power is increased, repeating step 6.3.3, otherwise jumping to step 6.3.1.
And 7, the MCU core module is in wireless connection with other solar cameras around the solar camera through the wireless ad hoc network module, acquires illuminance data of the other solar cameras, detects illuminance abnormal values in the same area by utilizing the principle that the illuminance of the same area is very close, and sends an abnormal alarm to a server by utilizing the WiFi network module to prompt maintenance personnel to overhaul.
A maximum power point tracking device of a solar camera is shown in fig. 2, and comprises a camera module, a WiFi network module, a wireless ad hoc network module, an MCU core module, a data storage chip module, a solar panel module, an illumination sensor module and a power management module. Wherein the power management module contains a built-in lithium battery.
In the maximum power point tracking device of the solar camera, a power management module with a built-in lithium battery is electrically connected with a camera module, a WiFi network module, a wireless ad hoc network module, an MCU core module, a data storage chip module, a solar panel module and an illumination sensor module through power connection wires, and the power management module is used for power supply and power management of all modules of the system. The camera module, the WiFi network module, the wireless ad hoc network module, the data storage chip module, the solar panel module, the illumination sensor module and the power management module are electrically connected with the MCU core module through signal connecting wires.
In the maximum power point tracking device of the solar camera, an MCU core module is used for controlling the whole device, a camera module is used for video acquisition, a WiFi network module is used for network connection and transmission of a system and a cloud server, a wireless ad hoc network module is used for regional networking connection of the solar camera, a data storage chip module is used for storing data information, a solar panel module is used for solar photoelectric conversion, an illumination sensor module is used for acquiring illumination information, and a power management module is used for charging electric energy of the solar panel module to a built-in lithium battery on one hand and is used for generating an auxiliary power supply of the whole device on the other hand.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various equivalent modifications and substitutions can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A maximum power point tracking method of a solar camera is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the MCU core module controls the data storage chip module through an electric connection line, and an N multiplied by M matrix array LP [ N ] [ M ] is created in the data storage chip module, wherein N is an array subscript and also represents the value of illuminance, and M is the number of the acquired maximum power point power values under the condition of the illuminance N;
step 2: the MCU core module samples the power of the solar panel and the illumination sensor module, and simultaneously takes the maximum power point power Pm [ t ] of the solar panel and the illuminance Lux [ t ] of the illumination sensor module in each sampling time t;
step 3: taking the integer part Luxi [ t ] of the illuminance Lux [ t ], and storing Pm [ t ] into a matrix array LP [ N ] [ M ];
step 4: taking the maximum power point power Pm [ n ] of the solar panel at the moment n and the illuminance Lux [ n ] of the illumination sensor module;
step 5: searching the corresponding maximum power point power average value by utilizing illuminance Lux [ n ] to obtain LP [ Lux [ n ] ] [ M ], and setting a judgment threshold delta;
step 6: tracking and controlling the maximum power point;
step 7: the MCU core module is in wireless connection with all solar cameras in the area through the wireless ad hoc network module, illuminance data of all the solar cameras are obtained, whether abnormal values occur in illuminance in the area is detected, if so, an abnormal alarm is sent to a server by the WiFi network module, maintenance staff is prompted to overhaul, and the step 1 is returned; if not, returning to the step 1;
the storage process in the step 3 is as follows:
step 3.1, defining variables i and j, let i=luxi [ t ];
step 3.2, performing operation j= (j++) (M-1);
step 3.3, storing Pm [ t ] into a matrix array LP [ N ] [ M ], namely LP [ i ] [ j ] =Pm [ t ];
step 3.4, performing an operationThe maximum power point power average value recorded when the illuminance value is i is represented, and k is an intermediate variable for calculation.
2. The method for tracking the maximum power point of the solar camera according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the process of tracking and controlling the maximum power point in the step 6 is as follows:
step 6.1, if the |LP [ Lux [ n ] ] [ M ] -Pm [ n ] | is smaller than the threshold delta, the power scanning is not carried out again, and the original Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control program is continuously executed, namely, the step 6.3 is skipped;
step 6.2, if the |LP [ Lux [ n ] ] [ M ] -Pm [ n ] | is larger than the threshold delta, carrying out power scanning;
and 6.3, performing Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT).
3. The method for tracking the maximum power point of the solar camera according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the specific process of singultus of the power scanning in the step 6.2 is as follows:
the MCU core module scans the control signal duty ratio D of the power management module from 0.05 to 0.95 in a stepping way by 0.001%, each step of scanning records a power value P and a corresponding solar panel voltage value V to obtain a P-V curve, after the scanning is finished, the maximum power point of the P-V curve is taken, and the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control program is carried out at the power point to jump to the step 6.3.
4. The method for tracking the maximum power point of the solar camera according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the specific process of hiccup tracking the maximum power point in the step 6.3 is as follows:
step 6.3.1, adding a disturbance delta D to the control signal duty ratio D of the power management module;
step 6.3.2, observing the change direction of the power of the solar panel, if the power of the solar panel is increased, repeating the step 6.3.1, otherwise, executing downwards;
step 6.3.3, subtracting a disturbance amount delta D from the control signal duty ratio D of the power management module;
step 6.3.4, observing the change direction of the solar panel power, if the solar panel power is increased, repeating step 6.3.3, otherwise jumping to step 6.3.1.
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