CN110499772B - Construction method of rock riverbed double-layer steel sheet pile cofferdam - Google Patents
Construction method of rock riverbed double-layer steel sheet pile cofferdam Download PDFInfo
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- CN110499772B CN110499772B CN201910809957.3A CN201910809957A CN110499772B CN 110499772 B CN110499772 B CN 110499772B CN 201910809957 A CN201910809957 A CN 201910809957A CN 110499772 B CN110499772 B CN 110499772B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D11/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for both placing and removing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, or mould-pipes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D19/00—Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
- E02D19/02—Restraining of open water
- E02D19/04—Restraining of open water by coffer-dams, e.g. made of sheet piles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/02—Sheet piles or sheet pile bulkheads
- E02D5/03—Prefabricated parts, e.g. composite sheet piles
- E02D5/04—Prefabricated parts, e.g. composite sheet piles made of steel
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/02—Sheet piles or sheet pile bulkheads
- E02D5/03—Prefabricated parts, e.g. composite sheet piles
- E02D5/04—Prefabricated parts, e.g. composite sheet piles made of steel
- E02D5/06—Fitted piles or other elements specially adapted for closing gaps between two sheet piles or between two walls of sheet piles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/02—Sheet piles or sheet pile bulkheads
- E02D5/16—Auxiliary devices rigidly or detachably arranged on sheet piles for facilitating assembly
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
- E02D7/18—Placing by vibrating
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Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of a double-layer steel sheet pile cofferdam of a rocky riverbed, which comprises the following steps of firstly, mounting cantilever beams and upper-layer surrounding purlins; secondly, driving and arranging positioning steel sheet piles; step three, driving other steel sheet piles; step four, folding the steel sheet piles; connecting two layers of steel sheet piles and backfilling gaps; sixthly, mounting an inner support; step seven, local leakage treatment; step eight, dismantling the cofferdam; step nine, cleaning a river channel; the invention relates to the technical field of steel sheet pile cofferdam construction. According to the construction method of the double-layer steel sheet pile cofferdam of the rocky river bed, the two layers of steel sheet piles and the inner support form a whole, so that the integral stability of the cofferdam is enhanced, and the cofferdam is safe and reliable; the two layers of steel sheet piles are filled with clay, the problem of water seepage is effectively solved, the water stop effect is obvious, the water stop structure is suitable for cofferdam construction of underwater bearing platforms with river beds made of rocks or thin clay covering layers, mainly aims at construction of underwater bearing platforms and pier columns, the steel sheet piles are common Larsen steel sheet piles, and the market material supply is sufficient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel sheet pile cofferdam construction, in particular to a rock riverbed double-layer steel sheet pile cofferdam construction method.
Background
The steel sheet pile cofferdam is the most common sheet pile cofferdam, the steel sheet pile is a section steel with a locking notch, the section of the steel sheet pile has a straight plate shape, a groove shape, a Z shape and the like, and has various sizes and interlocking forms, the common steel sheet pile products have a Laerson type, a Lakevanna type and the like, and the steel sheet pile products produced by the cement product factory with the building foundation are widely used for the excavation and containment of soil retaining and water retaining of deep foundation pits, grooves, pipelines, basements and the like of subway stations, tunnels, bridge-building cofferdams, revetments, municipal engineering and civil engineering, and play an important role in engineering.
Traditional steel sheet pile cofferdam adopts the steel sheet pile directly to insert when beating, can pierce through shallower strong weathering layer, it is great to go out weathering layer rock strength, and the soil layer has higher stickness, hardly squeeze into, the riverbed overburden is very thin, mainly be the basement rock, the construction methods in aquatic pile foundation adoption cofferdam, traditional steel sheet pile cofferdam construction methods are difficult to satisfy the construction requirement, it is unstable to have under the condition of rock matter riverbed, the poor risk of stagnant water effect, and can not guarantee that the steel sheet pile has reached the biggest buried depth and guarantee that the welding between purlin and the interior support meets the requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a construction method of a double-layer steel sheet pile cofferdam for a rocky riverbed, which solves the problems that the construction mode of the traditional steel sheet pile cofferdam is difficult to meet the construction requirement, the steel sheet pile cofferdam has the risks of instability and poor water stopping effect under the condition of the rocky riverbed, the steel sheet pile can not reach the maximum penetration depth, and the welding between an enclosing purlin and an inner support can not meet the requirement.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a construction method of a rock riverbed double-layer steel sheet pile cofferdam specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, outrigger, upper enclosing purlin installation: the outriggers are made of I-steel, the outriggers are welded by using outer steel pipe piles of the original drilling platform, so that the upper-layer purlin is fixed, the distance between the long-side purlin and the steel pipe piles is reserved for more than 30cm along the river direction, the distance between the upper-layer purlin and the lower-layer purlin is ensured to be 3-4 m along the bridge direction along the upstream and downstream, because the steel pipe pile is far away from the steel pipe pile, the upper-layer purlin is fixed by the positioning pile, a steel sheet pile is firstly inserted and driven at the inner side of the position of the lower-layer purlin, the position of the lower edge of the lower-layer purlin is marked, then welding a guide beam, determining the height of the guide beam according to the elevation of the water surface, enabling the guide beam to be 40-50 cm away from the water surface, facilitating the welding operation, after the guide beam is installed, the upper layer of purlin is placed on the guide beam and is away from the steel pipe pile by 30cm, the upper layer of purlin is fixed with the guide beam in a spot welding manner, in order to facilitate the lower layer of purlin to be in place, the lower-layer enclosing purlin can be hung and placed below the guide beam in advance and temporarily fixed, but the inserting and driving of the steel sheet piles cannot be influenced;
step two, driving and setting positioning steel sheet piles: during construction, a steel sheet pile with proper length is selected according to water level, a place with shallow water on the bank side and small flow speed is selected, the positioning and the two-way verticality of a first side pile are the keys for controlling the position of a steel sheet pile cofferdam and the construction of a steel sheet pile in the later period, during construction, a 200t transport ship is selected to transport a pile driver to a required position, the transport ship is fixed by a positioning pile to keep a stable ship body, the position of the first side pile is accurately measured by a total station to command the displacement of the transport ship, after positioning, the gravity center of the steel sheet pile must be consistent with a lofting point, a 470 type excavator is adopted by a pile driver to be matched with a 60t vibration hammer for inserting and driving, the steel sheet pile is finished in a vertical state, pile inserting is finished when the steel sheet pile is lifted in a vertical state, a certain reserved amount is required when the first pile is inserted, and the position and the two-way verticality of the pile are accurately measured after the, when the steel sheet pile penetration depth is not qualified, the pile needs to be inserted again until the steel sheet pile penetration depth is qualified, the pile body is arranged until the steel sheet pile is rebounded, the maximum penetration depth of the steel sheet pile is ensured, and field technicians record the penetration depth of the steel sheet pile at any time;
step three, driving other steel sheet piles: sequentially inserting and driving other steel sheet piles along a fixed guide beam, inserting and driving the steel sheet piles one by one until no footage exists and no rebounding exists until the steel sheet piles at corners and the positions where obstacles are displaced are folded according to a connection angle, welding and manufacturing sockets by using an electric welding machine in a field after material preparation to meet actual requirements, inserting the steel sheet piles along a lock opening of a previous steel sheet pile after being lifted, adopting a 60-type vibrating and pulling hammer with a hydraulic pile clamping device to be in rigid connection with the steel sheet piles, overcoming the frictional resistance to the piles, improving the waterproof performance and the completeness rate of the steel sheet piles, adopting a total station to track and measure when the steel sheet piles are driven, checking the deviation condition of the steel sheet piles at any time, timely correcting by using a reverse chain when the steel sheet piles are deflected, avoiding the phenomenon of 'carrying the piles' by the steel sheet piles 'when the steel sheet piles are deflected too much and cannot be adjusted by pultrusion, adopting a lifting and inserting, adopting a corner pile or an arc-shaped pile to bypass the obstacles, adopting reinforced support to the purlin to prevent the phenomenon of' carrying the steel sheet piles, before driving, lubricating substances such as butter and the like can be filled into the locking notch of the steel sheet pile, so that the friction force of the locking notch of the steel sheet pile is reduced, and the phenomenon of pile driving is avoided; the perpendicularity of the steel sheet piles is ensured, the phenomenon of pile driving can be avoided, the lower ends of the steel sheet piles are upwards extruded in the inserting and driving process, gaps among locking openings of the steel sheet piles are large, and the upper ends of the steel sheet piles always incline in the direction far away from the first steel sheet pile, so that a plumb ball suspension line is used for driving 5-8 steel sheet piles, the inclination of the steel sheet piles is controlled within 5 thousandths, and the deviation is corrected when the inclination exceeds the limited inclination to ensure that the clear distance between two layers of steel sheet piles is 1 meter;
step four, folding the steel sheet piles: when the steel sheet pile cofferdam is folded, the locking notches at the two sides are difficult to ensure on the same straight line, and the measures taken at the moment are as follows: when the steel sheet piles are folded, the folding condition is considered in advance, the steel sheet piles on the short edge of the cofferdam can be completely inserted and then are successively erected, the steel sheet piles are folded at the downstream, the remaining width cannot meet the requirements of inserting and erecting the seam when the steel sheet piles at the folding opening are inserted and erected, the steel sheet piles are staggered and erected at a certain distance before folding, one more steel sheet pile is inserted and erected after the folding position is reached, and the steel sheet piles which are inserted and erected more than once are welded with the steel sheet piles at the other direction of the folding position;
connecting two layers of steel sheet piles and backfilling gaps: the steel sheet piles on the inner side and the outer side are fastened by using pull rods and bolts to form a whole, the rigidity of the steel sheet piles on the two sides is increased, after the peripheral purlins are installed, the pull rods are installed between two layers of the peripheral purlins and are fastened by using bolts, the steel sheet piles between the two layers are fastened and then backfilled by using clay, the clay is tamped in a layered filling manner, a transport vehicle on the bank transports the clay to a wharf, then the clay is transported to a transport ship by a grab loader and anchored beside the engineering ship carrying a excavator beside a cofferdam, the excavator on the engineering ship fetches earth from the transport ship and backfills the earth between the steel sheet piles, and when the excavator is far away from the clay, the transport ship needs to be started to be within the earth fetching range of;
sixthly, mounting an inner support: 2 layers of inner supports are vertically arranged in the cofferdam, 4 supports are arranged on the upstream side according to actual conditions, 3 supports are arranged on the downstream side, the upper inner supports are arranged after the gap filling of two layers of steel sheet piles is finished, the supports and the purlins are welded, steel pipe grooves are processed in advance when oblique angles are met, the surfaces of the grooves are closely attached to the purlins without gaps, after the welding of the first layer of inner supports is finished, water is pumped to the bottom of the lower layer of purlins, the central distance between the upper purlins and the lower purlins is not more than 4m, in order to ensure the construction safety, a second layer of purlins is arranged before anhydrous excavation, the installation and reasonable stress of the purlins are the key of success of the construction method, the bolt fastening is ensured in the construction process, the welding lines meet the specification requirements, the connection of the diagonal supports, the middle supports and the purlins adopts a mode of welding stiffening plates and stiffening ribs, the sample is firstly placed on the purlins, welding the support steel pipe on the veneering stiffening plate, and uniformly welding 4 stiffening ribs around the welding surface of the stiffening plate and the support steel pipe to enhance the shearing resistance of the welding surface;
step seven, local leakage treatment: the method is characterized in that a row of arc-shaped water-blocking steel sheet piles are additionally arranged on the outer side of the upstream steel sheet piles, so that the impact of upstream water flow on the cofferdam is reduced, one inclined strut is properly added on each side of the upstream steel sheet piles and the downstream steel sheet piles according to actual requirements, so that the stability of the cofferdam is improved, one or two I-steel parallel links are additionally arranged between each layer of inclined struts, and the stability of the inclined struts is further enhanced;
step eight, removing the cofferdam: after the construction of the first section of pier stud is completed, removing an inner support in the cofferdam, removing a steel sheet pile, removing a second layer of surrounding purlin and the inner support, lifting the cofferdam, injecting water into the cofferdam until the distance between the second layer of surrounding purlin and the inner support is 50cm below the first layer of surrounding purlin, safely removing the first layer of surrounding purlin and supporting materials, removing the steel sheet pile, starting from the downstream direction, symmetrically constructing to the upstream direction, and performing removing operation by adopting a vibration-drawing hammer and a crane;
ninth, clearing the river channel: after the steel sheet piles are completely removed, clay between the steel sheet piles is removed, the original appearance of a river channel is recovered, the clay left between the steel sheet piles is cleaned by a excavator and a dredger, technical personnel are arranged to track, supervise and check on site in the construction process, excavated earth volume is recorded in detail, a small ship and a probe rod set are required to be prepared because the elevation of a river bed cannot be clearly detected in the cleaning process, and after the steel sheet piles are cleaned in a certain area, the detection personnel immediately detect the cleaning depth by using the probe rod, so that the area with the missing excavation or insufficient cleaning depth is avoided.
Preferably, the I-shaped steel in the step seven is connected in parallel into a 20a I-beam with the length of 0.7 m.
Preferably, the upper and lower surrounding purlins in the first step are all made of double-spliced H400X 200 section steel.
Preferably, each steel sheet pile driven on the surface of the cofferdam 4 in the third step is vertical to the cantilever beam in the vertical direction.
Preferably, in the sixth step, a steel pipe with the diameter of 600mm multiplied by 10mm is adopted for the transverse inner support, and a steel pipe with the diameter of 400mm multiplied by 8mm is adopted for the inclined support.
Preferably, the pull rod in the fifth step is a pull rod with the diameter of 24 mm.
Preferably, in the sixth step, a steel plate is used for flatting when a gap of more than 1cm is formed between the purlin and the steel sheet pile.
Preferably, the number of the stiffening ribs welded around the welding surface of the stiffening plate and the support steel pipe in the sixth step can be freely adjusted according to actual conditions.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a construction method of a rock riverbed double-layer steel sheet pile cofferdam. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the construction method of the double-layer steel sheet pile cofferdam of the rocky riverbed has the advantages that the steel sheet piles on the inner side and the outer side are fastened by the pull rods and the bolts to form a whole, the rigidity of the steel sheet piles on the two sides is improved, after the peripheral purlins are installed, the pull rods are installed between the two layers of purlins and fastened by the bolts, the pull rods between the two layers of steel sheet piles are fastened and then backfilled by clay, the steel sheet piles are tamped in a layered filling mode, a transport vehicle on the bank transports the clay to a wharf, then the clay is transported to a transport ship by a grab loader and is anchored beside an engineering ship with a excavator beside the cofferdam, the excavator on the engineering ship takes the soil from the transport ship and backfills the steel sheet piles, when the excavator is far away from the clay, the transport ship needs to be started to the soil taking range of the excavator, the two layers of steel sheet piles and the inner; the two layers of steel sheet piles are filled with clay, the problem of water seepage is effectively solved, the water stopping effect is obvious, and the water stopping method is suitable for the construction of the underwater bearing platform cofferdam with a river bed made of rock or clay with a thin covering layer and mainly aims at the construction of the underwater bearing platform and pier columns.
(2) The method for constructing the double-layer steel sheet pile cofferdam of the rocky river bed comprises the steps of vertically arranging 2 layers of inner supports in the cofferdam, arranging 4 layers of inner supports on the upstream face of each inclined support, arranging 3 layers of outer supports on the downstream face of each inclined support, installing the upper inner supports after the gap between the two layers of steel sheet piles is filled, welding the supports and the purlins, processing steel pipe grooves in advance when oblique angles are met, enabling the surfaces of the grooves to be closely attached to the purlins without gaps, pumping water to the bottom of the lower purlins by using a water pump after the welding of the first layer of inner supports is finished, enabling the central distance between the upper purlins and the lower purlins to be not more than 4m, arranging a second layer of purlins before excavation without water, wherein the key to whether the construction method succeeds or not is the installation and reasonable stress of the purlins, ensuring bolt fastening in the construction process, enabling welding lines to meet the specification requirements, adopting a mode of welding stiffening plates, marking the center position of a support steel pipe, welding a veneering stiffening plate, welding the support steel pipe on the veneering stiffening plate, uniformly welding 4 stiffening ribs around the welding surface of the stiffening plate and the support steel pipe, enhancing the shearing resistance of the welding surface, adopting a double-layer steel sheet pile cofferdam construction method, wherein the steel sheet piles are common Larsen steel sheet piles, and the market material supply is sufficient; the multiple pile drivers are constructed simultaneously, so that the practicability is high; the construction in water is convenient and quick, and the construction period advantage is obvious; compared with other forms of cofferdam modes of the rocky riverbed, the cofferdam has the advantages of cost saving and remarkable economic benefit.
(3) The construction method of the double-layer steel sheet pile cofferdam of the rock riverbed comprises the steps of manufacturing outriggers by I-steel, welding the outriggers by using the steel pipe piles arranged outside the original drilling platform, fixing an upper-layer purlin by fixing the upper-layer purlin by using positioning piles, inserting a steel sheet pile into the inner side of the purlin position to mark the position of the lower edge of the purlin, welding guide beams, determining the height of the guide beams according to the elevation of the water surface, leaving the height of the guide beams to be 40-50 cm away from the water surface after the guide beams are installed, placing the upper-layer purlin on the guide beams, leaving the steel pipe away from the piles by 30cm, fixing the purlins with the guide beams by spot welding, and hanging the lower-layer purlins below the guide beams in advance to facilitate the positioning of the lower-layer purlins, the temporary fixation can not affect the inserting and driving of the steel sheet piles, the application range of the steel sheet pile cofferdam is expanded, the cofferdam has great social benefit, can be completely popularized and used in rocky riverbeds or river bridges close to the rocky riverbeds, and has immeasurable contribution to the construction of bridges in future.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a typical plan view of an enclosing purlin on the double-layer steel sheet pile cofferdam of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a typical plan view of a lower purlin of the double-layer steel sheet pile cofferdam of the invention;
fig. 3 is a typical sectional view of the double-layer steel sheet pile cofferdam of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a technical solution: a construction method of a rock riverbed double-layer steel sheet pile cofferdam comprises the following steps of: the outriggers are made of I-steel, the outriggers are welded by using outer steel pipe piles of the original drilling platform, so that the upper-layer purlin is fixed, the distance between the long-side purlin and the steel pipe piles is reserved for more than 30cm along the river direction, the distance between the upper-layer purlin and the lower-layer purlin is ensured to be 3-4 m along the bridge direction along the upstream and downstream, because the steel pipe pile is far away from the steel pipe pile, the upper-layer purlin is fixed by the positioning pile, a steel sheet pile is firstly inserted and driven at the inner side of the position of the lower-layer purlin, the position of the lower edge of the lower-layer purlin is marked, then welding a guide beam, determining the height of the guide beam according to the elevation of the water surface, enabling the guide beam to be 40-50 cm away from the water surface, facilitating the welding operation, after the guide beam is installed, the upper layer of purlin is placed on the guide beam and is away from the steel pipe pile by 30cm, the upper layer of purlin is fixed with the guide beam in a spot welding manner, in order to facilitate the lower layer of purlin to be in place, the lower-layer enclosing purlin can be hung and placed below the guide beam in advance and temporarily fixed, but the inserting and driving of the steel sheet piles cannot be influenced;
step two, driving and setting positioning steel sheet piles: during construction, a steel sheet pile with proper length is selected according to water level, a place with shallow water on the bank side and small flow speed is selected, the positioning and the two-way verticality of a first side pile are the keys for controlling the position of a steel sheet pile cofferdam and the construction of a steel sheet pile in the later period, during construction, a 200t transport ship is selected to transport a pile driver to a required position, the transport ship is fixed by a positioning pile to keep a stable ship body, the position of the first side pile is accurately measured by a total station to command the displacement of the transport ship, after positioning, the gravity center of the steel sheet pile must be consistent with a lofting point, a 470 type excavator is adopted by a pile driver to be matched with a 60t vibration hammer for inserting and driving, the steel sheet pile is finished in a vertical state, pile inserting is finished when the steel sheet pile is lifted in a vertical state, a certain reserved amount is required when the first pile is inserted, and the position and the two-way verticality of the pile are accurately measured after the, when the steel sheet pile penetration depth is not qualified, the pile needs to be inserted again until the steel sheet pile penetration depth is qualified, the pile body is arranged until the steel sheet pile is rebounded, the maximum penetration depth of the steel sheet pile is ensured, and field technicians record the penetration depth of the steel sheet pile at any time;
step three, driving other steel sheet piles: sequentially inserting and driving other steel sheet piles along a fixed guide beam, inserting and driving the steel sheet piles one by one until no footage exists and no rebounding exists until the steel sheet piles at corners and the positions where obstacles are displaced are folded according to a connection angle, welding and manufacturing sockets by using an electric welding machine in a field after material preparation to meet actual requirements, inserting the steel sheet piles along a lock opening of a previous steel sheet pile after being lifted, adopting a 60-type vibrating and pulling hammer with a hydraulic pile clamping device to be in rigid connection with the steel sheet piles, overcoming the frictional resistance to the piles, improving the waterproof performance and the completeness rate of the steel sheet piles, adopting a total station to track and measure when the steel sheet piles are driven, checking the deviation condition of the steel sheet piles at any time, timely correcting by using a reverse chain when the steel sheet piles are deflected, avoiding the phenomenon of 'carrying the piles' by the steel sheet piles 'when the steel sheet piles are deflected too much and cannot be adjusted by pultrusion, adopting a lifting and inserting, adopting a corner pile or an arc-shaped pile to bypass the obstacles, adopting reinforced support to the purlin to prevent the phenomenon of' carrying the steel sheet piles, before driving, lubricating substances such as butter and the like can be filled into the locking notch of the steel sheet pile, so that the friction force of the locking notch of the steel sheet pile is reduced, and the phenomenon of pile driving is avoided; the perpendicularity of the steel sheet piles is ensured, the phenomenon of 'pile carrying' can be avoided, in the inserting and driving process, the lower ends of the steel sheet piles are upwards extruded, gaps between locking openings of the steel sheet piles are large, the upper ends of the steel sheet piles always incline to the direction far away from the first steel sheet pile, therefore, a plumb ball suspension line is required to be used for driving 5-8 steel sheet piles, the inclination of the steel sheet piles is controlled within 5 thousandths, deviation correction is carried out when the inclination exceeds the limited inclination, the clear distance between two layers of the steel sheet piles is ensured to be 1 meter, each steel sheet pile which is driven on the surface of the cofferdam 4 in the third step is perpendicular to a cantilever beam in the vertical direction, the application range of the steel sheet pile cofferdam is expanded, the steel sheet pile cofferdam has great social benefit, can be completely popularized and used in a rocky riverbed or a river bridge close to the rocky riverbed;
step four, folding the steel sheet piles: when the steel sheet pile cofferdam is folded, the locking notches at the two sides are difficult to ensure on the same straight line, and the measures taken at the moment are as follows: when the steel sheet piles are folded, the folding condition is considered in advance, the steel sheet piles on the short edge of the cofferdam can be completely inserted and then are successively erected, the steel sheet piles are folded at the downstream, the remaining width cannot meet the requirements of inserting and erecting the seam when the steel sheet piles at the folding opening are inserted and erected, the steel sheet piles are staggered and erected at a certain distance before folding, one more steel sheet pile is inserted and erected after the folding position is reached, and the steel sheet piles which are inserted and erected more than once are welded with the steel sheet piles at the other direction of the folding position;
connecting two layers of steel sheet piles and backfilling gaps: the steel sheet piles on the inner side and the outer side are fastened by using pull rods and bolts to form a whole, in the fifth step, the pull rods are phi 24mm pull rods, the rigidity of the steel sheet piles on the two sides is increased, after the outer purlins are installed, the pull rods are installed between the two layers of the purlins and fastened by using bolts, the pull rods between the two layers of the steel sheet piles are fastened and then backfilled by using clay, the steel sheet piles are tamped in a layered filling manner, a transport vehicle on the bank transports the clay to a wharf, then the clay is transported to a transport ship by a grab loader and is anchored beside an engineering ship carrying a excavator beside the cofferdam by the transport ship, the excavator on the engineering ship takes the soil from the transport ship and backfills the soil between the steel sheet piles, when the excavator is far away from the clay, the transport ship needs to be started to the soil taking range of the excavator, the two layers of; the two layers of steel sheet piles are filled with clay, so that the problem of water seepage is effectively solved, the water stop effect is obvious, and the method is suitable for the construction of the underwater bearing platform cofferdam with a river bed made of rock or clay with a thin covering layer, and mainly aims at the construction of the underwater bearing platform and pier columns;
sixthly, mounting an inner support: 2 layers of inner supports are vertically arranged in the cofferdam, 4 supports are arranged on the upstream side according to actual conditions, 3 supports are arranged on the downstream side, the upper inner supports are arranged after the gap filling of two layers of steel sheet piles is finished, the supports and the purlins are welded, steel pipe grooves are processed in advance when oblique angles are met, the surfaces of the grooves are closely attached to the purlins without gaps, after the welding of the first layer of inner supports is finished, water is pumped to the bottom of the lower layer of purlins, the central distance between the upper purlins and the lower purlins is not more than 4m, in order to ensure the construction safety, a second layer of purlins is arranged before anhydrous excavation, the installation and reasonable stress of the purlins are the key of success of the construction method, the bolt fastening is ensured in the construction process, the welding lines meet the specification requirements, the connection of the diagonal supports, the middle supports and the purlins adopts a mode of welding stiffening plates and stiffening ribs, the sample is firstly placed on the purlins, welding the support steel pipe on the veneering stiffening plate, and uniformly welding 4 stiffening ribs around the welding surface of the stiffening plate and the support steel pipe to enhance the shearing resistance of the welding surface;
step seven, local leakage treatment: the method is characterized in that a row of arc-shaped water-blocking steel sheet piles are additionally arranged on the outer side of the upstream steel sheet piles, so that the impact of upstream water flow on the cofferdam is reduced, one inclined strut is properly added on each side of the upstream steel sheet piles on the upstream and the downstream with poor geological conditions according to actual requirements, so that the stability of the cofferdam is improved, one to two I-steel parallel connections are additionally arranged between each layer of inclined strut, the stability of the inclined strut is further enhanced, a double-layer steel sheet pile cofferdam construction method is adopted, the used steel sheet piles are common Larsen steel sheet piles, and the market material supply is; the multiple pile drivers are constructed simultaneously, so that the practicability is high; the construction in water is convenient and quick, and the construction period advantage is obvious; compared with other cofferdam modes of the rocky riverbed, the method has the advantages that the cost can be saved, and the economic benefit is remarkable;
step eight, removing the cofferdam: after the construction of the first section of pier stud is completed, removing an inner support in the cofferdam, removing a steel sheet pile, removing a second layer of surrounding purlin and the inner support, lifting the cofferdam, injecting water into the cofferdam until the distance between the second layer of surrounding purlin and the inner support is 50cm below the first layer of surrounding purlin, safely removing the first layer of surrounding purlin and supporting materials, removing the steel sheet pile, starting from the downstream direction, symmetrically constructing to the upstream direction, and performing removing operation by adopting a vibration-drawing hammer and a crane;
ninth, clearing the river channel: after the steel sheet piles are completely removed, clay between the steel sheet piles is removed, the original appearance of a river channel is recovered, the clay left between the steel sheet piles is cleaned by a excavator and a dredger, technical personnel are arranged to track, supervise and check on site in the construction process, excavated earth volume is recorded in detail, a small ship and a probe rod set are required to be prepared because the elevation of a river bed cannot be clearly detected in the cleaning process, and after the steel sheet piles are cleaned in a certain area, the detection personnel immediately detect the cleaning depth by using the probe rod, so that the area with the missing excavation or insufficient cleaning depth is avoided.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A construction method of a rock riverbed double-layer steel sheet pile cofferdam is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, outrigger, upper enclosing purlin installation: the outriggers are made of I-steel, the outriggers are welded by using outer steel pipe piles of the original drilling platform, so that the upper-layer purlin is fixed, the distance between the long-side purlin and the steel pipe piles is reserved for more than 30cm along the river direction, the distance between the upper-layer purlin and the lower-layer purlin is ensured to be 3-4 m along the bridge direction along the upstream and downstream, because the steel pipe pile is far away from the steel pipe pile, the upper-layer enclosing purlin is fixed by the positioning pile, a steel sheet pile is firstly inserted and driven at the inner side of the position of the lower-layer enclosing purlin, the position of the lower edge of the lower-layer enclosing purlin is marked, then welding a guide beam, determining the height of the guide beam according to the elevation of the water surface, enabling the guide beam to be 40-50 cm away from the water surface, facilitating the welding operation, after the guide beam is installed, the upper layer of purlin is placed on the guide beam and is away from the steel pipe pile by 30cm, the upper layer of purlin is fixed with the guide beam in a spot welding manner, in order to facilitate the lower layer of purlin to be in place, the lower-layer enclosing purlin can be hung and placed below the guide beam in advance and temporarily fixed, but the inserting and driving of the steel sheet piles cannot be influenced;
step two, driving and setting positioning steel sheet piles: during construction, a steel sheet pile with proper length is selected according to water level, a place with shallow water on the bank side and small flow speed is selected, the positioning and the two-way verticality of a first side pile are the keys for controlling the position of a steel sheet pile cofferdam and the construction of a steel sheet pile in the later period, during construction, a 200t transport ship is selected to transport a pile driver to a required position, the transport ship is fixed by a positioning pile to keep a stable ship body, the position of the first side pile is accurately measured by a total station to command the displacement of the transport ship, after positioning, the gravity center of the steel sheet pile must be consistent with a lofting point, a 470 type excavator is adopted by a pile driver to be matched with a 60t vibration hammer for inserting and driving, the steel sheet pile is finished in a vertical state, pile inserting is finished when the steel sheet pile is lifted in a vertical state, a certain reserved amount is required when the first pile is inserted, and the position and the two-way verticality of the pile are accurately measured after the, when the steel sheet pile penetration depth is not qualified, the pile needs to be inserted again until the steel sheet pile penetration depth is qualified, the pile body is arranged until the steel sheet pile is rebounded, the maximum penetration depth of the steel sheet pile is ensured, and field technicians record the penetration depth of the steel sheet pile at any time;
step three, driving other steel sheet piles: sequentially inserting and driving other steel sheet piles along a fixed guide beam, inserting and driving the steel sheet piles one by one until no footage exists and no rebounding exists until the steel sheet piles at corners and the positions where obstacles are displaced are folded according to a connection angle, welding and manufacturing sockets by using an electric welding machine in a field after material preparation to meet actual requirements, inserting the steel sheet piles along a lock opening of a previous steel sheet pile after being lifted, adopting a 60-type vibrating and pulling hammer with a hydraulic pile clamping device to be in rigid connection with the steel sheet piles, overcoming the frictional resistance to the piles, improving the waterproof performance and the completeness rate of the steel sheet piles, adopting a total station to track and measure when the steel sheet piles are driven, checking the deviation condition of the steel sheet piles at any time, timely correcting by using a reverse chain when the steel sheet piles are deflected, avoiding the phenomenon of 'carrying the piles' by the steel sheet piles 'when the steel sheet piles are deflected too much and cannot be adjusted by pultrusion, adopting a lifting and inserting, adopting a corner pile or an arc-shaped pile to bypass the obstacles, adopting reinforced support to the purlin to prevent the phenomenon of' carrying the steel sheet piles, before driving, lubricating substances such as butter and the like can be filled into the locking notch of the steel sheet pile, so that the friction force of the locking notch of the steel sheet pile is reduced, and the phenomenon of pile driving is avoided; the perpendicularity of the steel sheet piles is ensured, the phenomenon of pile driving can be avoided, the lower ends of the steel sheet piles are upwards extruded in the inserting and driving process, gaps among locking openings of the steel sheet piles are large, and the upper ends of the steel sheet piles always incline in the direction far away from the first steel sheet pile, so that a plumb ball suspension line is used for driving 5-8 steel sheet piles, the inclination of the steel sheet piles is controlled within 5 thousandths, and the deviation is corrected when the inclination exceeds the limited inclination to ensure that the clear distance between two layers of steel sheet piles is 1 meter;
step four, folding the steel sheet piles: when the steel sheet pile cofferdam is folded, the locking notches at the two sides are difficult to ensure on the same straight line, and the measures taken at the moment are as follows: when the steel sheet piles are folded, the folding condition is considered in advance, the steel sheet piles on the short edge of the cofferdam can be completely inserted and then are successively erected, the steel sheet piles are folded at the downstream, the remaining width cannot meet the requirements of inserting and erecting the seam when the steel sheet piles at the folding opening are inserted and erected, the steel sheet piles are staggered and erected at a certain distance before folding, one more steel sheet pile is inserted and erected after the folding position is reached, and the steel sheet piles which are inserted and erected more than once are welded with the steel sheet piles at the other direction of the folding position;
connecting two layers of steel sheet piles and backfilling gaps: the steel sheet piles on the inner side and the outer side are fastened by using pull rods and bolts to form a whole, the rigidity of the steel sheet piles on the two sides is increased, after the peripheral purlins are installed, the pull rods are installed between two layers of the peripheral purlins and are fastened by using bolts, the steel sheet piles between the two layers are fastened and then backfilled by using clay, the clay is tamped in a layered filling manner, a transport vehicle on the bank transports the clay to a wharf, then the clay is transported to a transport ship by a grab loader and anchored beside the engineering ship carrying a excavator beside a cofferdam, the excavator on the engineering ship fetches earth from the transport ship and backfills the earth between the steel sheet piles, and when the excavator is far away from the clay, the transport ship needs to be started to be within the earth fetching range of;
sixthly, mounting an inner support: 2 layers of inner supports are vertically arranged in the cofferdam, 4 supports are arranged on the upstream side according to actual conditions, 3 supports are arranged on the downstream side, the upper inner supports are arranged after the gap filling of two layers of steel sheet piles is finished, the supports and the purlins are welded, steel pipe grooves are processed in advance when oblique angles are met, the surfaces of the grooves are closely attached to the purlins without gaps, after the welding of the first layer of inner supports is finished, water is pumped to the bottom of the lower layer of purlins, the central distance between the upper purlins and the lower purlins is not more than 4m, in order to ensure the construction safety, a second layer of purlins is arranged before anhydrous excavation, the installation and reasonable stress of the purlins are the key of success of the construction method, the bolt fastening is ensured in the construction process, the welding lines meet the specification requirements, the connection of the diagonal supports, the middle supports and the purlins adopts a mode of welding stiffening plates and stiffening ribs, the sample is firstly placed on the purlins, welding the support steel pipe on the veneering stiffening plate, and uniformly welding 4 stiffening ribs around the welding surface of the stiffening plate and the support steel pipe to enhance the shearing resistance of the welding surface;
step seven, local leakage treatment: the method is characterized in that a row of arc-shaped water-blocking steel sheet piles are additionally arranged on the outer side of the upstream steel sheet piles, so that the impact of upstream water flow on the cofferdam is reduced, one inclined strut is properly added on each side of the upstream steel sheet piles and the downstream steel sheet piles according to actual requirements, so that the stability of the cofferdam is improved, one or two I-steel parallel links are additionally arranged between each layer of inclined struts, and the stability of the inclined struts is further enhanced;
step eight, removing the cofferdam: after the construction of the first section of pier stud is completed, removing an inner support in the cofferdam, removing a steel sheet pile, removing a second layer of surrounding purlin and the inner support, lifting the cofferdam, injecting water into the cofferdam until the distance between the second layer of surrounding purlin and the inner support is 50cm below the first layer of surrounding purlin, safely removing the first layer of surrounding purlin and supporting materials, removing the steel sheet pile, starting from the downstream direction, symmetrically constructing to the upstream direction, and performing removing operation by adopting a vibration-drawing hammer and a crane;
ninth, clearing the river channel: after the steel sheet piles are completely removed, clay between the steel sheet piles is removed, the original appearance of a river channel is recovered, the clay left between the steel sheet piles is cleaned by a excavator and a dredger, technical personnel are arranged to track, supervise and check on site in the construction process, excavated earth volume is recorded in detail, a small ship and a probe rod set are required to be prepared because the elevation of a river bed cannot be clearly detected in the cleaning process, and after the steel sheet piles are cleaned in a certain area, the detection personnel immediately detect the cleaning depth by using the probe rod, so that the area with the missing excavation or insufficient cleaning depth is avoided.
2. The construction method of the double-layer steel sheet pile cofferdam for the rocky riverbed according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the step seven, the I-shaped steel is connected in parallel into a 20a I-beam with the length of 0.7 m.
3. The construction method of the double-layer steel sheet pile cofferdam for the rocky riverbed according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the first step, the upper and lower surrounding purlins are all made of double-spliced H400X 200 section steel.
4. The construction method of the double-layer steel sheet pile cofferdam for the rocky riverbed according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the third step, each steel sheet pile which is driven on the surface of the cofferdam 4 is vertical to the cantilever beam in the vertical direction.
5. The construction method of the double-layer steel sheet pile cofferdam for the rocky riverbed according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the sixth step, a steel pipe with the diameter of 600mm multiplied by 10mm is adopted for the transverse inner support, and a steel pipe with the diameter of 400mm multiplied by 8mm is adopted for the inclined support.
6. The construction method of the double-layer steel sheet pile cofferdam for the rocky riverbed according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the fifth step, the pull rod is a pull rod with the diameter of 24 mm.
7. The construction method of the double-layer steel sheet pile cofferdam for the rocky riverbed according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the sixth step, a steel plate is used for flatting when a gap of more than 1cm is formed between the surrounding purlin and the steel plate pile.
8. The construction method of the double-layer steel sheet pile cofferdam for the rocky riverbed according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the sixth step, the number of the stiffening ribs welded on the periphery of the welding surface of the stiffening plate and the support steel pipe can be freely adjusted according to actual conditions.
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| CN111794256A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-10-20 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Construction method of underwater pile cap in river flood discharge area |
| CN113684834B (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2022-08-26 | 中国建筑第六工程局有限公司 | Construction method of complex environment supporting system |
| CN113638401A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-12 | 华汇工程设计集团股份有限公司 | Construction method of ultra-long linear HUI combined steel sheet pile |
| CN113832998A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-12-24 | 中交路桥华南工程有限公司 | Pebble covering layer steel sheet pile cofferdam system and construction method thereof |
| CN115030201B (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2023-05-16 | 广东省源天工程有限公司 | Ecological steel sheet pile island-building cofferdam structure |
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| CN103669375A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-03-26 | 张安政 | Double-layer steel sheet pile soil core composite cofferdam structure without inner support and application thereof |
| CN106013192B (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2018-06-01 | 中铁广州工程局集团有限公司 | A kind of method of cofferdam construction after steel sheet-pile cofferdam elder generation multilayer inner support is integrally transferred |
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| CN207314322U (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-05-04 | 中国建筑第六工程局有限公司 | A kind of guide frame for the construction of Larsen steel sheet pile circular cofferdam |
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