CN110468281A - Valuable metal separation and recovery method in a kind of waste and old cobalt acid lithium battery - Google Patents
Valuable metal separation and recovery method in a kind of waste and old cobalt acid lithium battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN110468281A CN110468281A CN201910862341.2A CN201910862341A CN110468281A CN 110468281 A CN110468281 A CN 110468281A CN 201910862341 A CN201910862341 A CN 201910862341A CN 110468281 A CN110468281 A CN 110468281A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0407—Leaching processes
- C22B23/0415—Leaching processes with acids or salt solutions except ammonium salts solutions
- C22B23/043—Sulfurated acids or salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0453—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0453—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B23/0461—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical methods
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/10—Obtaining alkali metals
- C22B26/12—Obtaining lithium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
- C22B7/007—Wet processes by acid leaching
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention belongs to chemical technology field, it is related to valuable metal separation and recovery method in a kind of waste and old cobalt acid lithium battery.The present invention makees neutralizer removal of impurities using leachate lithium hydroxide or cobalt hydroxide solution, extractant P204 is saponified with high concentration of hydrogen lithia, leachate extracts cobalt with P204 after removal of impurities, inorganic acid is stripped to obtain pure cobalt liquor, the solution can be directly used for the material liquid of ternary precursor synthesis or cobaltosic oxide synthesis, or for producing other cobalt products, such as electrodeposited cobalt, cobaltous sulfate, cobalt chloride.The method that lithium in raffinate is recycled in the form of lithium carbonate, after treated by the present method, valuable metal cobalt and lithium efficiently separate recycling, and strong operability, equipment is simple, invest small, it is easy to accomplish industrialization.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical technology field, it is related to valuable metal separation and recovery method in a kind of waste and old cobalt acid lithium battery.
Background technique
Lithium ion battery be at present in the world it is industrialized for Rechargeability can best chemical cell, according to lithium from
The service life of sub- battery arrives the year two thousand twenty, and power lithium-ion battery demand is up to 125Gwh, and learies will be up to 32.2Gwh be reached, about
500000 tons, by 2023, learies were up to 101Gwh, and about 1,160,000 tons, the lithium ion battery scrapped in the first batch is mainly ferric phosphate
Lithium and cobalt acid lithium battery, as scarce resource, it is high to recycle value for cobalt in cobalt acid lithium battery, lithium, can also be used in electricity after recycling
Pond positive electrode produces or produces other cobalt products, avoids also generating considerable warp while the wasting of resources and environmental pollution
Benefit of helping and social benefit.
The recycling of waste and old lithium ion battery is mainly pyrogenic process and wet process, is related to the side of Magnetic Isolation, gravity treatment etc. there are also some
Method.Existing patent is more mainly for the recycling research of waste lithium ion cell anode and cathode.
It is impregnated with organic solvent, operation temperature is high, and organic dosage is big, at high cost, and it is poor that organic volatile will cause operating environment,
Filtered slag has a carrying organic solvent, when drying again can organic solvent volatilization, cause environmental pollution.
Waste lithium ion is decomposed and removes organic bath, sieve after crushing in high temperature kiln roasting, oversize again with
Magnetic separation and eddy current separation processing, isolate iron-clad, copper foil and aluminium foil of size degradation etc.；And screenings and is borrowed then through corrosion, filtering
The control by pH value and electrolytic condition is helped, precipitating metal copper and cobalt are electrolysed with diaphragm process respectively, lithium ion is rich in after electrolysis
Solution, addition carbonate formed lithium high-purity carbonate and lithium is recycled.This method is removed as pyrogenic process, in the solution after corrosion
It is impure, cathode copper and cobalt is impure can be high, and electrolysis method energy consumption is higher.
Waste and old power battery ternary system anode material processing alkali leaching, Ore Leaching nickel lithium and manganese cobalt, separation nickel lithium and manganese cobalt,
Nickel, recycling lithium, Call Provision, recycling manganese are recycled, is waste and old power battery ternary system anode material processing method, battery separation anode
It can be with amount is big then time-consuming, and alkali soaks filtration difficulty, and separation is incomplete, solution removal process point in the case that piece treating capacity is small
From valuable metal nickel lithium and cobalt manganese, with sulfurization-precipitation method, Oxalic Acid Method, phosphate method separation, separation metal process is complicated, isolates
Each metal exist mutually entrainment.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide valuable metal in a kind of waste and old cobalt acid lithium battery
Separation and recovery method.
The specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
Valuable metal separation and recovery method in a kind of waste and old cobalt acid lithium battery, comprising the following steps:
A, waste and old cobalt acid lithium battery is disassembled, electric discharge, is crushed, and broken old and useless battery piece acid is added reducing agent solution leaching,
Obtain leachate；
B, leachate cleans: adding lithium hydroxide or cobalt hydroxide solution to adjust solution ph 1.5-2.5 in leachate, is warming up to
60-90 DEG C, the 1-10 times of cobalt powder copper removal measured is added, reacts 10-30min, stops heating, hydrogen peroxide, which is added, by ferrous oxidising is
Ferric iron, is added lithium hydroxide or cobalt hydroxide solution adjusts solution ph to 4.2-4.5 except iron and aluminium, reaction time 0.5-
3h must contain liquid after the removal of impurities of cobalt and lithium after separation of solid and liquid；
C, it extracts cobalt: after P204 is saponified with lithium hydroxide solution, liquid after the removal of impurities of step b being extracted, extract cobalt all
To P204, it is stripped after extractant washing with inorganic acid, obtains cobalt liquor, raffinate is spare；
D, it precipitates lithium carbonate: carbonate being added into the raffinate of step c or logical carbon dioxide gas precipitates lithium, precipitated diafiltration
Lithium carbonate is washed to obtain, mother liquor and wash water return to old and useless battery leaching or secondary recovery lithium.
Further, the P204 extractant in the step c is diluted using sulfonated kerosene, P204 extractant concentration 25-
30%, lithium hydroxide concentration 110-120g/L, saponification rate 70-80%；
Further, raffinate temperature is 90-100 DEG C when precipitating lithium in the step d；
Further, carbonate is sodium carbonate or ammonium carbonate in the step d.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) broken waste and old cobalt acid lithium battery material removing and leaching synchronously complete, and the valuable metal cobalt, lithium in battery enter
In leachate, while there are the impurity such as a small amount of copper, iron, aluminium to enter solution, saves treatment process；
(2) leachate dedoping step neutralizer use lithium hydroxide, cobalt hydroxide solution, copper removal use cobalt powder, avoid impurity from
Son introduces；
(3) solution after cleaning extracts cobalt with conventional extraction agent P204, which is saponified with lithium hydroxide solution, makes lithium
Ion will not be extracted into cobalt liquor and lose, while it is not easy to handle to avoid sodium ion or other impurities ion from entering lithium solution.
The cobalt liquor can be used as the raw material of synthesis of ternary presoma, prepare cobaltosic oxide or other cobalt products, such as electrodeposited cobalt plate, sulfuric acid
Cobalt crystal, cobalt chloride crystal etc.；
(4) raffinate can Direct precipitation recycle lithium, sinker mother liquor return leach or be used for secondary recovery lithium, unprecipitated lithium can be made
Continue to recycle subsequent, lithium can increase substantially the lithium rate of recovery almost without loss.
Waste and old cobalt acid lithium battery material is separated and recovered using method of the invention, the valuable metal cobalt rate of recovery is greater than
96%, the lithium rate of recovery is greater than 90%, and entire technical process does not introduce impurity element, and cobalt and lithium separation are thorough, cobalt liquor and lithium solution
Purity is high, skill process is short, achievees the purpose that valuable metal cobalt and the simple and effective separation and recovery of lithium in waste and old cobalt acid lithium battery.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is process flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Valuable metal in waste and old cobalt acid lithium battery is separated back, comprising the following steps:
A, waste and old cobalt acid lithium lithium ion battery is collected, it is artificial to disassemble, it is placed in electric discharge, Mechanical Crushing in 5% sodium chloride solution, is claimed
Anhydrous sodium sulfite 2000g is taken, dissolution is spare, and 1.8M sulfuric acid 16L is added in reactor and is heated to 50-65 DEG C, weighs after being crushed
Waste and old lithium ion battery 5kg be added thereto, stir at low speed, measure a certain amount of 30-98% the concentrated sulfuric acid adjust solution pH value
Sodium sulfite solution is added dropwise after 1.0,10min, 30-100min is reacted after dripping, filters；
B, leachate is warming up to 80-90 DEG C, stops heating, adds 50g/L lithium hydroxide solution tune solution ph 2.0, add cobalt powder
10g reacts 15min, adds 30% hydrogen peroxide 100mL, after reacting 20min, the pH value of repeated hydrogenation lithia solution tune solution to 4.5
30min is reacted in left and right, filters, washing；
C, extractant P204 concentration 25%, configuration 120g/L lithium hydroxide solution are saponified P204, water-oil separating after saponification,
4 grades of extraction, filtrate extract cobalt with P204, the cobalt in solution are all extracted on extractant, are saturated organic pure water two
Grade, is stripped with 1.5M sulfuric acid, is stripped three-level, strip liquor is cobalt sulfate solution, the cobalt rate of recovery 98.55%；
D, raffinate is warming up to 98 DEG C of logical carbon dioxide precipitates lithium carbonates, and lithium carbonate is separated by solid-liquid separation, and washs, and drying obtains solid
Lithium carbonate product, sinker mother liquor and wash water, mother liquor and wash water return to the leaching for being used for old and useless battery material, and whole flow process lithium returns
Yield is 92%.
Embodiment 2
Valuable metal in waste and old cobalt acid lithium battery is separated back, comprising the following steps:
A, waste and old cobalt acid lithium battery is collected, dismantling, which is placed in sodium chloride solution, discharges, and 2M sulfuric acid is added in Mechanical Crushing, reactor
15L is warming up to 50-65 DEG C, weighs broken waste and old lithium ion battery 5kg and is added thereto, and impregnates 10min, stirs at low speed, and measures
The concentrated sulfuric acid for taking a certain amount of 98%, is slowly added in reaction vessel, adjusts the pH value 1.0 of solution, adds 30% hydrogen peroxide 3.0L, drop
30-100min is reacted after adding, and is filtered；
B, leachate adds 50g/L cobalt hydroxide solution tune solution ph 1.8, is warming up to 85 DEG C, adds cobalt powder 15g, reacts 15min,
Add 30% hydrogen peroxide 80mL, react left and right after 20min, then plus 50g/L lithium hydroxide liquid tune solution pH value to 4.2, reaction
30min is filtered, washing；
C, P204 concentration 30%, configuration 110g/L lithium hydroxide solution are saponified P204, and water-oil separating is carried out after good fortune, is extracted
Take 5 grades, filtrate extracts cobalt with P204, and the cobalt in solution is all extracted on extractant, extracted organic to use pure water
Two-stage is stripped with 5.0M hydrochloric acid, is stripped three-level, and strip liquor is cobalt chloride cobalt liquor, and the whole process cobalt rate of recovery is reachable
99.01%；
D, raffinate is warming up to 96 DEG C plus sodium carbonate liquor precipitating lithium, lithium carbonate are separated by solid-liquid separation, wash, and drying obtains solid carbon
Sour lithium product, sinker mother liquor and wash water return to the leaching for being used for old and useless battery material, and the rate of recovery of whole flow process lithium is 91%.
Embodiment 3
Valuable metal in waste and old cobalt acid lithium battery is separated back, comprising the following steps:
A, waste and old cobalt acid lithium lithium ion battery is collected, dismantling, which is placed in 5% sodium chloride solution, discharges, Mechanical Crushing.Reactor
2M sulfuric acid 15L is added, is warming up to 50-65 DEG C, weighs broken waste and old lithium ion battery 5kg and be added thereto, impregnates 10min,
It stirs at low speed, measures a certain amount of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid, be slowly added in reaction vessel, adjust solution ph 1.2, add 30% dioxygen
Water 2.5L reacts 30-100min after dripping, filtering；
B, filtrate adds 50g/L lithium hydroxide solution tune solution ph 1.6, is warming up to 85 DEG C, adds cobalt powder 13g, reacts 15min, adds
30% hydrogen peroxide 100mL, reacts left and right after 20min, then plus 60g/L cobalt hydroxide solution tune solution ph to 4.3, reaction
30min is filtered, washing；
C, P204 extracts cobalt, and extractant P204 concentration 30% is saponified with 115g/L lithium hydroxide, and grease point is carried out after saponification
From, 5 grades are extracted, filtrate extracts cobalt with P204, and the cobalt in solution is extracted completely, organic pure water two-stage extracted,
It is stripped with 6.0M hydrochloric acid, is stripped three-level, strip liquor is cobalt chloride solution；
D, raffinate is warming up to 97 DEG C of logical carbon dioxide precipitates lithium carbonates.Lithium carbonate is separated by solid-liquid separation, and is washed, and drying obtains solid
Lithium carbonate product, sinker mother liquor and wash water return to the leaching for being used for old and useless battery material, the rate of recovery 92% of whole flow process lithium.
Claims (4)
1. valuable metal separation and recovery method in a kind of waste and old cobalt acid lithium battery, which comprises the following steps:
A, waste and old cobalt acid lithium battery is disassembled, electric discharge, is crushed, and broken old and useless battery piece acid is added reducing agent solution leaching,
Obtain leachate；
B, leachate cleans: adding lithium hydroxide or cobalt hydroxide solution to adjust solution ph 1.5-2.5 in leachate, is warming up to
60-90 DEG C, the 1-10 times of cobalt powder copper removal measured is added, reacts 10-30min, stops heating, hydrogen peroxide, which is added, by ferrous oxidising is
Ferric iron, is added lithium hydroxide or cobalt hydroxide solution adjusts solution ph to 4.2-4.5 except iron and aluminium, reaction time 0.5-
3h must contain liquid after the removal of impurities of cobalt and lithium after separation of solid and liquid；
C, it extracts cobalt: after P204 is saponified with lithium hydroxide solution, liquid after the removal of impurities of step b being extracted, extract cobalt all
To P204, it is stripped after extractant washing with inorganic acid, obtains cobalt liquor, raffinate is spare；
D, it precipitates lithium carbonate: carbonate being added into the raffinate of step c or logical carbon dioxide gas precipitates lithium, precipitated diafiltration
Lithium carbonate is washed to obtain, mother liquor and wash water return to old and useless battery leaching or secondary recovery lithium.
2. valuable metal separation and recovery method in a kind of waste and old cobalt acid lithium battery as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
The P204 extractant stated in step c is diluted using sulfonated kerosene, P204 extractant concentration 25-30%, lithium hydroxide concentration 110-
120g/L, saponification rate 70-80%.
3. valuable metal separation and recovery method in a kind of waste and old cobalt acid lithium battery as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating raffinate temperature when precipitating lithium in step d is 90-100 DEG C.
4. valuable metal separation and recovery method in a kind of waste and old cobalt acid lithium battery as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating carbonate in step d is sodium carbonate or ammonium carbonate.
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| CN201910862341.2A CN110468281A (en) | 2019-09-12 | 2019-09-12 | Valuable metal separation and recovery method in a kind of waste and old cobalt acid lithium battery |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111471864A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-07-31 | 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 | Method for recovering copper, aluminum and iron from waste lithium ion battery leachate |
| CN115053002A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2022-09-13 | 住友金属矿山株式会社 | Alloy treatment method |
| CN115335542A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2022-11-11 | 住友金属矿山株式会社 | Alloy treatment method |
| WO2023050802A1 (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-04-06 | 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 | Method for separating and recovering valuable metals from waste ternary lithium batteries |
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| CN107653378A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2018-02-02 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | The recovery method of valuable metal in a kind of waste and old nickel cobalt manganese lithium ion battery |
| CN108517409A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-09-11 | 长沙矿冶研究院有限责任公司 | A method of recycling valuable metal from waste and old power battery anode waste material |
| CN109576499A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-04-05 | 广东省稀有金属研究所 | A method of recycling lithium from battery electrode material leachate |
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2019
- 2019-09-12 CN CN201910862341.2A patent/CN110468281A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107653378A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2018-02-02 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | The recovery method of valuable metal in a kind of waste and old nickel cobalt manganese lithium ion battery |
| CN108517409A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-09-11 | 长沙矿冶研究院有限责任公司 | A method of recycling valuable metal from waste and old power battery anode waste material |
| CN109576499A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-04-05 | 广东省稀有金属研究所 | A method of recycling lithium from battery electrode material leachate |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115053002A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2022-09-13 | 住友金属矿山株式会社 | Alloy treatment method |
| CN115335542A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2022-11-11 | 住友金属矿山株式会社 | Alloy treatment method |
| CN111471864A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-07-31 | 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 | Method for recovering copper, aluminum and iron from waste lithium ion battery leachate |
| CN111471864B (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2022-02-18 | 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 | Method for recovering copper, aluminum and iron from waste lithium ion battery leachate |
| WO2023050802A1 (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-04-06 | 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 | Method for separating and recovering valuable metals from waste ternary lithium batteries |
| GB2621294A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2024-02-07 | Guangdong Brunp Recycling Technology Co Ltd | Method for separating and recovering valuable metals from waste ternary lithium batteries |
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