CN110441768B - System for rapidly extracting ice surface and bedrock interface in Antarctic aviation ice radar data - Google Patents

System for rapidly extracting ice surface and bedrock interface in Antarctic aviation ice radar data Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110441768B
CN110441768B CN201910850085.5A CN201910850085A CN110441768B CN 110441768 B CN110441768 B CN 110441768B CN 201910850085 A CN201910850085 A CN 201910850085A CN 110441768 B CN110441768 B CN 110441768B
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ice
interface
display
data
profile
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CN110441768A (en
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赵钰恺
稂时楠
蔡轶珩
张文博
包振山
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Beijing University of Technology
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Beijing University of Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/887—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for detection of concealed objects, e.g. contraband or weapons
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
    • G01S7/411—Identification of targets based on measurements of radar reflectivity

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a method for rapidly extracting an ice surface and bedrock interface in Antarctic aviation ice radar data, which comprises a profile display optimization module and an ice surface/bedrock interface extraction module, wherein the profile display optimization module adopts a multi-effect optimization fusion means for the first time, so that interface information in a profile can be clearer, and the semi-automatic interface extraction module can rapidly and accurately obtain interface parameters, and has important significance for analyzing and processing Antarctic aviation observation field data.

Description

System for rapidly extracting ice surface and bedrock interface in Antarctic aviation ice radar data
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of radar glacier science, in particular to a method design for quickly extracting an ice surface and bedrock interface in Antarctic aviation ice radar data.
Background
In the context of global climate warming, monitoring and assessing changes in polar ice cap and its impact on global climate and sea level is of paramount importance. Because the aviation platform has the advantages of high data acquisition efficiency, wide reachable area, large coverage and the like, the aviation geophysical survey of international multi-examination equipment synchronous observation becomes a mainstream means, wherein the aviation ice radar is widely applied to the polar ice cover survey from the last 60 years. The electromagnetic wave of the very high frequency band transmitted by the ice radar has strong penetrability to the ice body, can be used for identifying a bedrock interface which is several kilometers thick under an ice cover, and can also obtain the distribution characteristics of an ice layer in the ice cover with high resolution, and is the most main technical means for detecting the geometrical characteristics of the ice rock interface, the internal structure, the ice thickness and the like of the ice cover, the ice frame and the glacier in the polar region at present. The polar ice cover thickness and the under-ice terrain data set obtained through ice radar observation are important parameters and boundary conditions for ice cover and global climate simulation research.
Therefore, by designing the method for rapidly extracting the ice surface and bedrock interface in the Antarctic aviation ice radar data, the analysis and research level of the ice radar data in the aviation observation site can be effectively improved, and an effective means is provided for finding and solving the glacier subject research problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a system for rapidly extracting an ice surface and bedrock interface in Antarctic aviation ice radar data, which comprises a profile display optimization module and an ice surface/bedrock interface extraction module, wherein the profile display optimization module adopts a multi-effect optimization fusion means for the first time, so that interface information in a profile can be clearer, and the semi-automatic interface extraction module can rapidly and accurately obtain interface parameters, and has important significance for analyzing and processing Antarctic aviation observation field data.
The ice radar profile map is displayed by 3200 x n pixels (n is the azimuth sampling number of the ice radar data of the section), after researchers select any ice radar data, the energy unit of each pixel is 1000dB, and then profile display optimization is carried out on the selected ice radar data: the module uses a method combining 3 kinds of optimization, including multi-color mapping display, data single-channel display and noise reduction 3 kinds of section effect optimization means, and the interface information extraction is carried out by firstly reducing noise and then selecting the multi-color mapping display or the data single-channel display. The ice radar section diagram with clear interface and low noise can be obtained by the method. The multi-color mapping method can provide multiple colors for the section so that a researcher can more easily find interface information which is difficult to perceive in the section; the data single-channel display is that the ice radar data single-channel graph is displayed in the same proportion according to the display length of the data in the section diagram, so that a researcher can directly and transversely compare the peak value of the waveform in the single-channel graph to judge the interface position; through manual intervention, the extreme value of ice radar data energy is limited, the noise of the ice radar profile is reduced, and the imaging effect of the ice radar profile is further improved.
In the ice radar profile display, the reflected energy of signals is generally increased at the interface part of the ice surface, the middle layer and the bedrock, the display color of the area is brighter, and the color of the area with weaker reflected energy of signals is darker, so the ice radar data is generally displayed by using the light-to-dark color mapping. However, sometimes the ice condition at some positions is too complex, which causes the brightness of the reflected energy display of the interface to be difficult to identify, so that 6 color mappings with large difference, namely dark gray, bright red blue, emerald green, gray white, blue red and yellow purple, are selected to display the ice radar section map (the color mapping source: http:// creative common. org/public domain/zero/1.0/), and the multi-color mapping can allow researchers to have multiple choices to analyze and research the ice condition complex area, thereby effectively improving the interface information resolution capability of the disease condition complex area.
In the process of analyzing the ice radar profile, in order to judge and analyze the interface more accurately, a single-channel reference display research method is adopted, and the ice radar data single-channel profile is displayed in the ice radar profile according to the same proportion, so that a researcher can directly judge the interface position through the peak value of the waveform in the single-channel profile.
Due to the fact that ice radar system is caused, reflected signal energy is possibly too large or too small, extremely bright or extremely dark noise can appear in an ice radar profile, the noise extremely affects imaging effect, in order to reduce the influence of the noise on the ice radar profile as much as possible, a method for reducing a display data interval is adopted, the maximum value in ice radar data is artificially reduced, the minimum value in the ice radar data is improved, multiple manual debugging and experience judgment of researchers are carried out, the optimal maximum value and the optimal minimum value of the ice radar data are selected, the imaging effect of the ice radar profile can be effectively improved, and the resolution of effective information is improved.
Ice surface/bedrock interface extraction: in order to quantitatively analyze the relationship between the Antarctic glacier and the global climate, the data of ice thickness, matrix reflectivity and the like are required to be accurately acquired from the ice radar profile for preliminary analysis. Therefore, the method for semi-automatically extracting the ice surface/bedrock interface is invented, the upper and lower boundaries of the ice surface and the bedrock interface are manually selected, and then a cubic spline interpolation method is used for the position of the highest energy reflection pair in the selected upper and lower boundaries, so that extremely accurate bedrock or ice surface interface data can be obtained.
Advantageous effects
The invention provides a method for rapidly extracting an ice surface and bedrock interface in Antarctic aviation ice radar data, which comprises a profile display optimization module and an ice surface/bedrock interface extraction module, wherein the profile display optimization module adopts a multi-effect optimization fusion means for the first time, so that interface information in a profile can be clearer, and the semi-automatic interface extraction module can rapidly and accurately obtain interface parameters, and has important significance for analyzing and processing Antarctic aviation observation field data.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general flow chart of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of an optimization module according to a cross-sectional view of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of the ice/matrix interface extraction module of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the interface of the multifunctional analysis method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments shown in the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a specific design scheme of a method for rapidly extracting an ice surface and bedrock interface in Antarctic aviation ice radar data, as shown in fig. 1, including:
the profile view shows the optimization module and the ice surface/bedrock interface extraction module.
The cross-sectional view shows the optimization module: displaying the ice radar profile by 3200 x n pixels (n is the azimuth sampling number of the ice radar data of the section), and imaging the aviation ice radar data: the energy unit per pixel is 1000dB after the investigator has selected any ice radar data. The module uses 3 optimization combined methods in total, including 3 optimization means of multi-color mapping display, data single-channel display and noise reduction, and the ice radar profile with clear interface and less noise can be obtained by means of the multi-profile optimization method.
Ice surface/bedrock interface extraction: because the traditional bedrock interface extraction needs to manually define the range of a rectangle for many times, the operation is inconvenient, and the accuracy of data extraction is not high. Therefore, the interface data of the semi-automatically selected bedrock and the ice surface is obtained finally by manually and flexibly selecting the upper and lower boundaries of the interface of the ice surface and the bedrock, then automatically selecting the maximum value in the upper and lower boundaries and using a cubic spline interpolation method for the selected maximum value, and compared with the traditional method, the efficiency and the accuracy of interface extraction are effectively improved, and as shown in fig. 4, the manually selected lines in the upper and lower boundaries in the figure are the interface data which are finally extracted.
The invention provides a method for rapidly extracting an ice surface and bedrock interface in Antarctic aviation ice radar data, which comprises a profile display optimization module and an ice surface/bedrock interface extraction module, wherein the profile display optimization module adopts a multi-effect optimization fusion means for the first time, so that interface information in a profile can be clearer, and the semi-automatic interface extraction module can rapidly and accurately obtain interface parameters, and has important significance for analyzing and processing Antarctic aviation observation field data.
It should be understood that although the description is made in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein may be combined as appropriate, and implemented as would be understood by those skilled in the art.
The above-listed series of detailed descriptions are merely specific illustrations of possible embodiments of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent embodiments or modifications that do not depart from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A system for rapidly extracting an ice surface and bed rock interface of Antarctic aviation ice radar data is characterized by comprising a profile display optimization module and an ice surface/bed rock interface extraction module,
the section diagram display optimization module adopts a multi-effect optimization and fusion means for obtaining the ice radar section diagram with clear interface and low noise, and the multi-effect optimization and fusion means comprises 3 optimization means of multi-color mapping display, data single-channel display and noise reduction; firstly, noise reduction is carried out, specifically, a method for reducing a display data interval is adopted for noise reduction, and the method is used for improving the imaging effect of the ice radar profile; then, performing multi-color mapping display or data single-channel display on the basis of noise reduction, wherein the multi-color mapping display provides multiple display colors for effective data with inconsistent signal intensity in the section map for extracting interface information; the data single-channel display displays the ice radar data single-channel map in the ice radar section map according to the same proportion, and is used for directly judging the interface position through the peak value of the waveform in the single-channel map;
ice surface/bedrock interface extraction: manually selecting the upper and lower boundaries of the interface between the ice surface and the bedrock from the profile after the processing of the profile display optimization module, and then using a cubic spline interpolation method for the position with the highest energy reflection in the selected upper and lower boundaries to obtain the bedrock or ice surface interface data.
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