CN110429376B - Antenna unit, antenna array and antenna - Google Patents
Antenna unit, antenna array and antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN110429376B CN110429376B CN201910704563.1A CN201910704563A CN110429376B CN 110429376 B CN110429376 B CN 110429376B CN 201910704563 A CN201910704563 A CN 201910704563A CN 110429376 B CN110429376 B CN 110429376B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/3208—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used
- H01Q1/3233—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to an antenna unit, an antenna array and an antenna. The antenna unit includes: the antenna comprises a metal stratum, a dielectric substrate and antenna grid units; the metal ground layer and the antenna grid unit are respectively arranged on two opposite surfaces of the dielectric substrate; the outline of the antenna grid unit is in a parallelogram shape, and the antenna grid unit is arranged in a 45-degree polarization mode; the long side and the short side of the antenna grid unit are two adjacent sides; and at least one short edge of the antenna grid unit is provided with a radiation unit. The antenna can reduce interference during vehicle meeting and improve the detection performance of the radar.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to an antenna unit, an antenna array, and an antenna.
Background
With the development of communication technology, people have higher and higher requirements on the communication capability of communication equipment such as radars and the like. The performance of the antenna, which is used as a tool for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves, is very important for the communication capability of the communication equipment.
Taking millimeter wave vehicle-mounted anti-collision radar as an example, the conventional grid antenna array or rectangular series-fed array antenna is usually adopted to realize the transceiving of signals. However, the conventional grid antenna adopts a rectangular patch series feeding mode, and in a complex environment, for example, when a vehicle meets, the two vehicles simultaneously transmit and receive signals, which may cause serious interference to the opposite side, resulting in a decrease in the detection capability of the radar.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is desirable to provide an antenna unit, an antenna array and an antenna capable of reducing interference.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna unit, including: the antenna comprises a metal stratum, a dielectric substrate and antenna grid units; the metal ground layer and the antenna grid unit are respectively arranged on two opposite surfaces of the dielectric substrate;
the outline of the antenna grid unit is in a parallelogram shape, and the antenna grid unit is arranged in a 45-degree polarization mode; the long side and the short side of the antenna grid unit are two adjacent sides;
and at least one short edge of the antenna grid unit is provided with a radiation unit.
In one embodiment, the radiation units are respectively arranged on two opposite short sides of the antenna grid unit.
In one embodiment, the radiating element is circular.
In one embodiment, the radiation unit is provided with four slits, and the four slits are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the short side of the antenna grid unit and extend along the direction of the short side of the antenna grid unit.
In one embodiment, the difference between the length of the short side of the antenna grid cell and half of the medium wavelength is less than one fifth of the medium wavelength; the difference between the length of the long side of the antenna grid unit and the medium wavelength is smaller than one fifth of the medium wavelength.
In one embodiment, the antenna further comprises a coaxial feeder, wherein the axis of the coaxial feeder is connected with the antenna grid unit and is arranged in the middle area of the antenna grid unit; and the shielding layer of the coaxial feeder line is connected with the metal ground layer.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna array, where the antenna array includes a first column of antenna units, where the first column of antenna units includes a plurality of antenna units, and a structure of the antenna units is the same as that of any one of claims 1 to 6, and the antenna units are sequentially arranged along an extending direction of a long side of the antenna unit.
In one embodiment, the antenna array further includes a second row of antenna units, where the second row of antenna units includes a plurality of antenna units, and the antenna units are sequentially arranged along an extending direction of a long side of the antenna unit;
the second row of antenna units and the first row of antenna units are sequentially arranged in the direction perpendicular to the long edge of the antenna units, and the second row of antenna units and the first row of antenna units are located on the same plane.
In one embodiment, the radiating elements in the first row of antenna elements are arranged in a staggered manner with respect to the radiating elements in the second row of antenna elements by a length of half the medium wavelength in the extending direction of the long side of the antenna elements.
In one embodiment, the number of antenna elements in the first column of antenna elements is less than the number of antenna elements in the second column of antenna elements.
In one embodiment, D is the diameter of the radiation unit, and is greater than or equal to 0.3 times the medium wavelength and less than or equal to 0.54 times the medium wavelength; l1 is the distance between adjacent radiating elements, L1 is more than or equal to 0.9 times of the wavelength of the medium and less than or equal to 1.1 times of the wavelength of the medium; w1 is the width of the long side of the antenna grid unit, W1 is more than or equal to 0.05 times of the medium wavelength and less than or equal to 0.1 times of the medium wavelength; l2 is the length of the short side of the antenna unit, and is greater than or equal to 0.5 times of the medium wavelength and less than or equal to 0.7 times of the medium wavelength, W2 is the width of the short side of the antenna unit, W2 is greater than or equal to 0.05 times of the medium wavelength and less than or equal to 0.1 times of the medium wavelength, and L3 is half of L1.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna, where the antenna includes a metal ground layer, a dielectric substrate, and a grid radiation array, where the metal ground layer and the grid radiation array are respectively disposed on two opposite surfaces of the dielectric substrate, the grid radiation array includes a plurality of grids, the grids are arranged in two rows and extend side by side, each grid is shaped as a parallelogram, the grids are arranged in a 45-degree polarization manner, and a short side of each grid is provided with a radiation unit; the radiation unit is circular, and four gaps are formed in the radiation unit and symmetrically distributed on two sides of the short edge of the grid and extend along the direction of the short edge of the grid.
The antenna unit, the antenna array and the antenna comprise a metal stratum, a dielectric substrate and an antenna grid unit through the antenna unit; the metal ground layer and the antenna grid unit are respectively arranged on two opposite surfaces of the dielectric substrate; the outline of the antenna grid unit is in a parallelogram shape, and the antenna grid unit is arranged in a 45-degree polarization mode; the long side and the short side of the antenna grid unit are two adjacent sides; at least one short side of the antenna grid unit is provided with a radiation unit. Because the profile of above-mentioned antenna check unit is parallelogram's shape, the antenna check unit adopts 45 degrees polarization mode to set up, consequently when carrying out the radiation under the complex environment, for example when meeting, simultaneously through antenna receiving and dispatching signal between two cars, the problem of the serious interference that traditional SMD series feed mode of rectangle leads to has been avoided, this antenna check unit can polarize through 45 degrees polarization modes, interference between the signal has been avoided, very big improvement the interference killing feature of antenna, consequently very big promotion the detection capability of radar. Meanwhile, the antenna grid unit is arranged in a 45-degree polarization mode, large-range coverage of a horizontal plane and narrow-beam coverage of a vertical plane can be achieved, so that the directional diagram side lobe of the antenna unit is low, the size of the antenna can be effectively reduced, high gain and small size are achieved, and the antenna unit is convenient to miniaturize and lighten and is convenient to use.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit according to another embodiment;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array according to an embodiment;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array according to another embodiment;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the dimensions of portions of an antenna array according to yet another embodiment;
fig. 5a is a schematic diagram of reflection coefficients of an antenna array according to an embodiment;
fig. 5b is a vertical plane pattern of an antenna array according to an embodiment;
fig. 5c is a horizontal plane pattern of an antenna array according to an embodiment.
Description of reference numerals:
metal formation: 100, respectively; a dielectric substrate: 200 of a carrier;
an antenna grid unit: 300, respectively; a radiation unit: 310;
a coaxial feeder line: 400, respectively; first column antenna element: 500, a step of;
second column antenna element: 600, preparing a mixture; grid radiation array: 700 of the base material;
grid: 710.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
The antenna unit, the antenna array and the antenna provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to a 24GHz automobile anti-collision radar, and the technical scheme of the application and how to solve the technical problems are described in detail by specific embodiments. The following several specific embodiments may be combined with each other, and details of the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. Embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment, where, as shown in fig. 1, the antenna unit includes: a metal ground layer 100, a dielectric substrate 200 and an antenna grid cell 300; the metal ground layer 100 and the antenna grid unit 300 are respectively arranged on two opposite surfaces of the dielectric substrate 200; the outline of the antenna grid unit 300 is in the shape of a parallelogram, and the antenna grid unit 300 is arranged in a 45-degree polarization mode; the long and short sides of the antenna grid cell 300 are two adjacent sides; a radiation element 310 is disposed on at least one short side of the antenna grid cell 300.
The long side and the short side of the antenna lattice cell 300 are two adjacent sides.
Specifically, the antenna unit includes: a metal ground layer 100, a dielectric substrate 200, and an antenna grid cell 300. The dielectric substrate 200 has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, the metal ground layer 100 is attached to the first surface of the dielectric substrate 200, and the antenna unit cell 300 is attached to the second surface opposite to the first surface of the dielectric substrate 200. The antenna grid unit 300 has a certain width on each side, the outline of the antenna grid unit is in a parallelogram shape, and the antenna grid unit 300 is arranged in a 45-degree polarization mode, optionally, the antenna grid unit can be arranged in a positive 45-degree polarization mode or a negative 45-degree polarization mode; for example, the angle may be 45 degrees. Note that the positive 45-degree polarization mode and the negative 45-degree polarization mode are formed by setting 45-degree angles in different directions of the parallelogram. In the actual processing process, there may be an error such that the included angles between the long side and the short side of the antenna grid unit obtained by actual processing are 43 degrees, 44 degrees, 46 degrees, 47 degrees, and the like. Of course, the closer the included angle is to 45 degrees, the stronger the anti-interference capability is. At least one short side of the antenna grid unit 300 is provided with a radiation unit 310, one of the short sides may be provided with one radiation unit 310, or two short sides may be provided with two radiation units 310, which is not limited in this embodiment. The radiation unit 310 may be a metal patch attached to the dielectric substrate, and the shape of the metal patch may be circular, oval, or other shapes, which is not limited in this embodiment. In fig. 2, one radiation unit 310 is disposed on each of two short sides, and the shape of the radiation unit 310 is illustrated as a circle. Optionally, when the antenna grid unit 300 is set in a 45-degree polarization mode, the antenna grid unit has a better anti-interference effect, and the anti-interference capability of the radar is improved to a great extent.
In this embodiment, the signal is transmitted in antenna check unit, and radiate through the radiating element, because the profile of above-mentioned antenna check unit is parallelogram's shape, and the adoption 45 degrees polarization mode setting of antenna check unit, consequently when radiating under the complex environment, for example when meeting a car, simultaneously through antenna receiving and dispatching signal between two cars, the problem of the serious interference that traditional SMD series feed mode of rectangle leads to has been avoided, this antenna check unit can be through adopting 45 degrees polarization mode, the interference between the signal has been avoided, very big improvement the interference killing feature of antenna, consequently, very big promotion the detection capability of radar. Simultaneously, the contained angle between the long limit of antenna check unit and the minor face is 45 degrees polarization mode settings, can realize that the horizontal plane covers on a large scale, and the narrow wave beam of perpendicular covers, and consequently this antenna element's directional diagram minor lobe is low, can effectively reduce antenna size, has high gain and small, is convenient for miniaturize and lightweight, consequently convenient to use.
Optionally, the two opposite short sides of the antenna grid unit 300 are respectively provided with the radiation unit 310, so that compared with the case where the radiation unit 310 is only arranged on one of the short sides of the antenna grid unit 300, the radiation capability is stronger, the coverage area of the antenna is enlarged, and the radiation capability of the antenna is improved.
Optionally, on the basis of the above embodiment, the radiation unit 310 may be circular, and the circular radiation unit is used to radiate signals, so that the radiation range in the horizontal plane direction can be further expanded, the coverage of narrow beams in the vertical plane is realized, and the radiation performance of the antenna unit in the horizontal plane direction is further improved.
Optionally, the radiation unit 310 may further be provided with four slits, as shown in fig. 2, the four slits are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the short side of the antenna grid unit 300 and extend along the direction of the short side of the antenna grid unit 300. In this embodiment, four slits are formed in the radiation unit 310, so that the radiation characteristic of the antenna unit is changed, the size of the antenna is further reduced, and therefore the antenna is convenient to miniaturize and lighten and is more convenient to use.
Optionally, on the basis of the above embodiment, the difference between the length of the short side of the antenna grid cell 300 and half of the medium wavelength is less than one fifth of the medium wavelength; the difference between the length of the long side of the antenna grid cell 300 and the medium wavelength is less than one fifth of the medium wavelength. Alternatively, the length of the short side of the antenna grid cell 300 may be half of the medium wavelength, may be approximately equal to half of the medium wavelength, or may be other lengths as long as the difference between the two is not more than one fifth of the medium wavelength. The length of the long side of the antenna grid cell 300 may be equal to the medium wavelength, may be approximately equal to the medium wavelength, or may be other lengths as long as the difference between the two is not more than one fifth of the medium wavelength. When the length of the short side of the antenna grid unit 300 is equal to half of the medium wavelength and the length of the long side of the antenna grid unit 300 is equal to the medium wavelength, impedance matching can be achieved to the greatest extent, and antenna performance is further improved. In this embodiment, because the difference between the length of the short side of the antenna lattice unit 300 and the half of the medium wavelength is less than one fifth of the medium wavelength, and the difference between the length of the long side of the antenna lattice unit 300 and the medium wavelength is less than one fifth of the medium wavelength, impedance matching can be realized for the lengths of the short side and the long side of the antenna lattice unit 300, and thus the antenna performance is improved.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the antenna unit further includes a coaxial feed line 400, an axis of the coaxial feed line 400 is connected to the antenna unit cell 300 and is disposed in a middle region of the antenna unit cell, and the shielding layer of the coaxial feed line 400 is connected to the metal ground layer 100. Alternatively, the coaxial feed may be a 50 ohm matched feed. The axis of the coaxial feeder 400 is connected with the antenna grid unit 300 and is arranged in the middle area of the antenna grid, so that the phase difference of signal transmission can be reduced, and the antenna performance is improved.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, there is further provided an antenna array, where the antenna array includes a first column of antenna elements 500, the first column of antenna elements 500 includes a plurality of antenna elements 300, the structure of the antenna elements 300 is the same as that of the antenna elements 300 in any of the above embodiments, and the plurality of antenna elements 300 are sequentially arranged along the extending direction of the long side of the antenna elements 300. The technical principle and the beneficial effects of the antenna array provided by the present embodiment may be referred to in the description of the antenna unit in the foregoing embodiment, and the present embodiment further enhances the radiation performance of the antenna array while reducing interference by overlapping multiple antenna units.
Optionally, the antenna array may further include, as shown in fig. 4, a second row of antenna units 600, where the second row of antenna units includes a plurality of antenna units 300; the structure of the antenna unit 300 is the same as that of the antenna unit 300 in any of the above embodiments; the antenna units 300 are sequentially arranged along the extending direction of the long sides of the antenna units, wherein the second row of antenna units 600 and the first row of antenna units 500 are sequentially arranged in the direction perpendicular to the long sides of the antenna units 300, and the second row of antenna units 600 and the first row of antenna units 500 are in the same plane. The technical principle and the beneficial effects of the antenna array provided by the present embodiment may be referred to the description of the antenna unit 300, and the present embodiment further enhances the radiation performance of the antenna array while reducing interference by the overlapping arrangement of the first column of antenna units and the second column of antenna units.
Alternatively, on the basis of the embodiment shown in fig. 4 in the above embodiment, the radiation element 310 in the first column of antenna elements 500 is arranged by a length of half the medium wavelength, which is offset from the radiation element 310 in the second column of antenna elements 600 in the extending direction of the long side of the antenna element 300. In this embodiment, the radiation units 310 distributed in two columns are staggered by half the wavelength of the medium, so that the phase can be further adjusted and compensated, the unit phases are in the same phase, and the antenna performance is further improved.
In an embodiment, the number of the first column antenna units 500 is less than the number of the second column antenna units 600, for example, the number of the first column antenna units 500 is less than the number of the second column antenna units 600 by one, and certainly, the number may be less by two or more than three, which is not limited in this embodiment. When the number of the first row of antenna units is less than that of the second row of antenna units, the antenna array is uniformly distributed, so that the antenna performance can be further improved. When the number of the first row antenna elements 500 is 7 and the number of the second row antenna elements 600 is 8, the radiation performance of the antenna array is greatly improved, and the size is minimized, so that the antenna array is convenient to use.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 5, D is the diameter of the radiating element 310, L1 is the spacing between adjacent radiating elements 310, W1 is the width of the long side of the antenna element, L2 is the length of the short side of the antenna element, W2 is the width of the short side of the antenna element, and L3 is half of L1. Wherein D is more than or equal to 0.3 times of the medium wavelength and less than or equal to 0.54 times of the medium wavelength; l1 is more than or equal to 0.9 times of medium wavelength and less than or equal to 1.1 times of medium wavelength, and W1 is more than or equal to 0.05 times of medium wavelength and less than or equal to 0.1 times of medium wavelength; l2 is more than or equal to 0.5 times of medium wavelength and less than or equal to 0.7 times of medium wavelength, and W2 is more than or equal to 0.05 times of medium wavelength and less than or equal to 0.1 times of medium wavelength. When the size of the antenna array is as shown above, the antenna array has stronger interference resistance. When the antenna array is used at 24GHz-24.25GHz, the reflection coefficient of the antenna array can be as shown in FIG. 5a, the values of dB (S (1,1)) are all larger than-15 dB, and the impedance matching of the antenna is good. The vertical plane pattern of the antenna array is shown in fig. 5b and the horizontal plane pattern of the antenna array is shown in fig. 5 c. In this embodiment, the antenna array formed by the antenna units with the above sizes is adopted, so that the impedance of the antenna array is more matched, the phase difference between each two adjacent radiation units is reduced, the radiation performance of the antenna array is improved, and the size of the antenna array is reduced, so that the antenna array is more miniaturized and convenient to use.
Further referring to fig. 4, the antenna, as a whole, includes a metal ground layer 100, a dielectric substrate 200, and a grid radiation array 700, where the metal ground layer 100 and the grid radiation array 700 are respectively disposed on two opposite surfaces of the dielectric substrate 200, the grid radiation array 700 includes a plurality of grids 710, the grids 710 are arranged in two rows and extend side by side, each grid 710 is shaped like a parallelogram, the grids 710 are arranged in a 45-degree polarization manner, and a short side of each grid 710 is provided with a radiation unit 310. Optionally, the radiation unit 310 may be circular, and four slits are opened on the radiation unit 310, and the four slits are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the short side of the grid 710 and extend along the short side direction of the grid 710. Alternatively, the structures of the antenna grid array 700 and the radiation unit 310 in the present embodiment may be referred to the structures of the antenna units in the respective embodiments described above. For the implementation principle and the technical effect in this embodiment, reference may be made to the above embodiments, which are not described herein again.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An antenna unit, characterized in that the antenna unit comprises: the antenna comprises a metal stratum, a dielectric substrate and antenna grid units; the metal ground layer and the antenna grid unit are respectively arranged on two opposite surfaces of the dielectric substrate;
the outline of the antenna grid unit is in a parallelogram shape, and the antenna grid unit is arranged in a 45-degree polarization mode; the long side and the short side of the antenna grid unit are two adjacent sides;
at least one short edge of the antenna grid unit is provided with a radiation unit, the radiation unit is circular, four gaps are formed in the radiation unit, the four gaps are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the short edge of the antenna grid unit and extend along the direction of the short edge of the antenna grid unit, the radiation unit is a metal patch, and the radiation unit is attached to the dielectric substrate;
the antenna unit further comprises a coaxial feeder, the axis of the coaxial feeder is connected with the antenna grid unit and arranged in the middle area of the antenna grid unit, and the shielding layer of the coaxial feeder is connected with the metal ground layer.
2. The antenna unit of claim 1, wherein the radiating elements are disposed on two opposite short sides of the antenna grid unit.
3. The antenna element of claim 1, wherein the difference between the length of the short side of the antenna grid element and half of the medium wavelength is less than one fifth of the medium wavelength; the difference between the length of the long side of the antenna grid unit and the medium wavelength is smaller than one fifth of the medium wavelength.
4. The antenna element of claim 1, wherein the length of the short side of the antenna grid element is equal to half the dielectric wavelength and the length of the long side of the antenna grid element is equal to the dielectric wavelength.
5. An antenna array, comprising a first column of antenna elements, wherein the first column of antenna elements comprises a plurality of antenna elements, the structure of the antenna elements is the same as that of any one of claims 1 to 4, and the plurality of antenna elements are sequentially arranged along the extending direction of the long sides of the antenna elements.
6. An antenna array according to claim 5, further comprising a second row of antenna elements, wherein the second row of antenna elements comprises a plurality of antenna elements, and the plurality of antenna elements are arranged in sequence along the extending direction of the long sides of the antenna elements;
the second row of antenna units and the first row of antenna units are sequentially arranged in the direction perpendicular to the long edge of the antenna units, and the second row of antenna units and the first row of antenna units are located on the same plane.
7. An antenna array according to claim 6, wherein the radiating elements in the first row of antenna elements are arranged to be offset from the radiating elements in the second row of antenna elements by a length of half the dielectric wavelength in the extending direction of the long sides of the antenna elements.
8. An antenna array according to claim 6 or 7, wherein D is the diameter of the radiating element, and is greater than or equal to 0.3 times the medium wavelength and less than or equal to 0.54 times the medium wavelength; l1 is the distance between adjacent radiating elements, L1 is more than or equal to 0.9 times of the wavelength of the medium and less than or equal to 1.1 times of the wavelength of the medium; w1 is the width of the long side of the antenna grid unit, W1 is more than or equal to 0.05 times of the medium wavelength and less than or equal to 0.1 times of the medium wavelength; l2 is the length of the short side of the antenna unit, and is more than or equal to 0.5 times of dielectric wavelength and less than or equal to 0.7 times of dielectric wavelength, W2 is the width of the short side of the antenna unit, W2 is more than or equal to 0.05 times of dielectric wavelength and less than or equal to 0.1 times of dielectric wavelength, L3 is half of L1, and the radiating elements in the two rows of antenna units are arranged by staggering the length of one L3.
9. An antenna array according to claim 6 wherein the number of antenna elements of the first column is less than the number of antenna elements of the second column.
10. An antenna is characterized by comprising a metal ground layer, a dielectric substrate and a grid radiation array, wherein the metal bottom layer and the grid radiation array are respectively arranged on two opposite surfaces of the dielectric substrate, the grid radiation array comprises a plurality of grids, the grids are arranged in two rows and extend side by side, each grid is in a parallelogram shape and arranged in a 45-degree polarization mode, and a radiation unit is arranged on the short side of each grid; the radiation unit is circular, four gaps are formed in the radiation unit, the four gaps are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the short edge of the grid and extend along the direction of the short edge of the grid, the radiation unit is a metal patch, and the radiation unit is attached to the medium substrate;
the antenna also comprises a coaxial feeder line, the axis of the coaxial feeder line is connected with the grid radiation array and is arranged in the middle area of the grid radiation array, and the shielding layer of the coaxial feeder line is connected with the metal ground layer.
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| CN201910704563.1A CN110429376B (en) | 2019-07-31 | 2019-07-31 | Antenna unit, antenna array and antenna |
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| CN201910704563.1A CN110429376B (en) | 2019-07-31 | 2019-07-31 | Antenna unit, antenna array and antenna |
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| CN110429376B true CN110429376B (en) | 2021-11-19 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112886280B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2022-06-07 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna system and communication equipment |
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| CN110429376A (en) | 2019-11-08 |
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