CN110417689B - Communication device and method for wake-up power delivery by isolation - Google Patents
Communication device and method for wake-up power delivery by isolation Download PDFInfo
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- CN110417689B CN110417689B CN201910337454.0A CN201910337454A CN110417689B CN 110417689 B CN110417689 B CN 110417689B CN 201910337454 A CN201910337454 A CN 201910337454A CN 110417689 B CN110417689 B CN 110417689B
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002618 waking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/0264—Arrangements for coupling to transmission lines
- H04L25/0266—Arrangements for providing Galvanic isolation, e.g. by means of magnetic or capacitive coupling
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- H04B5/72—
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- H04B5/79—
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Abstract
Embodiments described herein provide communication devices and methods that may facilitate communication between galvanically isolated systems. In particular, embodiments facilitate communication with a powered down galvanic isolation system without requiring that this powered down system consume its own power when powered down. To facilitate this, the communication device and method provide a wake-up device on the side of the shutdown system and facilitate the transfer of power to the wake-up device across the galvanic isolation when communication with the shutdown system is desired. In the case of powering the wake-up device using power delivered across the galvanic isolation, the wake-up device may perform the actions required to wake-up the shutdown system, and thus may facilitate communication between the galvanic isolation systems. Thus, communication between the galvanically isolated systems is facilitated without the shutdown system consuming its own power during the shutdown period.
Description
Technical Field
Embodiments described herein relate generally to communication devices and methods, and more particularly, to communicating through isolation.
Background
In many modern electronic applications, it is desirable to provide galvanic isolation between different systems. For example, it may be desirable to provide galvanic isolation between systems operating at different voltages. However, in many such systems, it may also be desirable to provide communication between the systems while still maintaining galvanic isolation between the systems.
One problem with such systems is providing communication when one of the systems is shut down. In particular, some applications may require the system to be in a shutdown mode to maintain the ability to respond to cross-galvanic isolation communications. This typically requires that the system continue to consume power even when shut down or in sleep mode. Such power consumption during sleep mode may be particularly problematic in applications that rely on battery power.
Thus, there remains a need for systems and methods that can facilitate communication through isolation without unnecessary power consumption, particularly during shutdown.
Disclosure of Invention
According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a communication device comprising:
a first transceiver comprising a first transmitter configured to transmit a first signal across a first galvanic isolator and a first receiver configured to receive a second signal transmitted across a second galvanic isolator;
A second transceiver galvanically isolated from the first transceiver, the second transceiver comprising a second transmitter configured to transmit the second signal across the second galvanic isolator and a second receiver configured to receive the first signal transmitted across the first galvanic isolator; and
a wake-up device configured to be powered by power transmitted from the first transceiver to the second transceiver, the wake-up device comprising a wake-up receiver coupled to the first galvanic isolator and configured to receive a wake-up signal across the first galvanic isolator.
In one or more embodiments, the first transceiver further comprises a power delivery transmitter configured to transmit a power signal across a third galvanic isolator to the wake-up device to power the wake-up device.
In one or more embodiments, the wake-up device is configured to be powered by the power delivered from the first transceiver to the second transceiver through the first galvanic isolator.
In one or more embodiments, the wake-up device includes a low power demodulator configured to demodulate the wake-up signal.
In one or more embodiments, the wake-up device includes a pattern detector configured to detect a pattern in the demodulated wake-up signal.
In one or more embodiments, the wake-up device includes a power source configured to be powered by the power delivered from the first transceiver to the second transceiver.
In one or more embodiments, the wake-up device includes a rectifier configured to rectify power received from the first transceiver.
In one or more embodiments, the communication device further includes a variable power supply formed by the first transceiver and galvanically isolated from the second receiver, and wherein the variable power supply is configured to selectively provide increased power to the first transmitter in order to facilitate power transfer across the first galvanic isolator to power the wake-up device.
In one or more embodiments, the variable power source includes a switchable current source configured to selectively provide a relatively high current during wake-up and a relatively low current during normal communication.
In one or more embodiments, the first transceiver is on a first die, wherein the wake-up device is on a second die with the second transceiver, and wherein the first die is galvanically isolated from the second die, and wherein the first die and the second die are packaged together in a single device package.
In one or more embodiments, the first galvanic isolator comprises a first capacitive isolator, and wherein the second galvanic isolator comprises a second capacitive isolator.
In one or more embodiments, the first galvanic isolator comprises a first transformer, and wherein the second galvanic isolator comprises a second transformer.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a communication apparatus comprising:
a first transceiver comprising a first transmitter configured to transmit a first signal across a first galvanic isolator and a first receiver configured to receive a second signal transmitted across a second galvanic isolator;
a second transceiver galvanically isolated from the first transceiver, the second transceiver comprising a second transmitter configured to transmit the second signal across the second galvanic isolator and a second receiver configured to receive the first signal transmitted across the first galvanic isolator;
Wherein the first transceiver further comprises a variable power supply configured to selectively provide power to the first transmitter to transmit a power signal across the first galvanic isolator; and is also provided with
Wherein the second transceiver further comprises a wake-up device configured to be powered by the power signal conveyed across the third galvanic isolator, the wake-up device comprising a wake-up receiver coupled to the first galvanic isolator and configured to receive a wake-up signal across the first galvanic isolator.
In one or more embodiments, the first transceiver is formed on a first semiconductor die and the second transceiver is formed on a second semiconductor die separate from the first semiconductor die, and wherein the first semiconductor die and the second semiconductor die are packaged together in a semiconductor device package.
According to a third aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of providing communication, the method comprising:
transmitting a power signal from a first transceiver to a second transceiver across galvanic isolation, the first transceiver comprising a first transmitter and a first receiver, the second transceiver comprising a second transmitter, a second receiver, and a wake-up device, and wherein the first transceiver is galvanically isolated from the second transceiver;
Powering the wake-up device with power derived from the power signal;
transmitting a wake-up signal from the first transceiver to the wake-up device across a first galvanic isolator; and
a system coupled to the second transceiver is activated in response to the wake-up signal received by the wake-up device.
In one or more embodiments, the step of transmitting the power signal from the first transceiver to the second transceiver across galvanic isolation includes transmitting the power signal across a separate galvanic isolator.
In one or more embodiments, the step of transmitting the power signal from the first transceiver to the second transceiver across the galvanic isolation comprises transmitting the power signal across the first galvanic isolator.
In one or more embodiments, the step of activating a system coupled to the second transceiver includes demodulating the wake-up signal and detecting a pattern in the demodulated wake-up signal.
In one or more embodiments, the method further comprises rectifying the power signal to generate a supply voltage for the wake-up device.
In one or more embodiments, the method further includes selectively providing increased power to the first transmitter to facilitate power transfer across the first galvanic isolator to power the wake-up device.
These and other aspects of the invention will be apparent from and elucidated with reference to the embodiments described hereinafter.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication device according to an example embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a communication device according to another example embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a communication device according to another exemplary embodiment;
FIGS. 4A and 4B are schematic diagrams of wake-up devices according to exemplary embodiments;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a variable power supply according to another example embodiment;
FIGS. 6A and 6B are schematic diagrams of a galvanic isolator according to an exemplary embodiment; and is also provided with
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional side view of a packaged communication device according to an example embodiment.
Detailed Description
Embodiments described herein provide communication devices and methods that may facilitate communication between galvanically isolated systems. In particular, the communication apparatus and method facilitate communication with a powered down galvanic isolation system without requiring that this powered down system consume its own power when powered down.
To facilitate this, the communication device and method provide a wake-up device on the side of the shutdown system and facilitate the transfer of power to the wake-up device across the galvanic isolation when communication with the shutdown system is desired. In the case of powering the wake-up device using power delivered across galvanic isolation, the wake-up device may perform the actions required to wake-up the shutdown system. This ability to wake up the shutdown system may thus facilitate communication between galvanically isolated systems. Furthermore, such communication between galvanically isolated systems is facilitated without requiring the shutdown system to consume its own power during the shutdown period.
Turning now to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a communication device 100 is shown in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. The communication device 100 includes a first transceiver 102 and a second transceiver 104, wherein the first transceiver 102 is galvanically isolated from the second transceiver 104. The first transceiver 102 includes a first transmitter 106 and a first receiver 108. The second transceiver 104 includes a second receiver 110, a second transmitter 112, and a wake-up device 114. Communication between the first transceiver 102 and the second transceiver 104 occurs through the first galvanic isolator 116 and the second galvanic isolator 118.
Specifically, the first transmitter 106 is configured to transmit the first signal across the first galvanic isolator 116 to the second receiver 110. The second transmitter 112 is also configured to transmit a second signal across the second galvanic isolator 118 to the first receiver 108. This configuration allows communication between galvanically isolated transceivers and thus the communication device 100 can be used to facilitate communication between systems while maintaining isolation of those systems.
According to embodiments described herein, the second transceiver 104 comprises a wake-up device 114. In general, the wake-up device 114 is configured to be powered by power transmitted from the first transceiver 102 to the second transceiver 104 and is configured to receive a wake-up signal transmitted from the first transceiver 102 and across the first galvanic isolator 116. As will be described in more detail below, this configuration of the communication device 100 facilitates communication with an already shutdown galvanic isolation system without the shutdown system consuming its own power during shutdown. Specifically, when communication with the shutdown system is desired, the wake-up device 114 uses the power transferred from the first transceiver 102 to the second transceiver 104 to the wake-up device 114 across galvanic isolation, without the shutdown system using its own power to monitor the wake-up signal. Furthermore, when it is necessary to wake up the shutdown system, only such power needs to be delivered, and thus the overall power consumption can be reduced.
In the case where the wake-up device 114 is powered using power delivered across galvanic isolation, the wake-up device may perform the actions required to wake-up the shutdown system, and thus may facilitate communication between the galvanic isolation systems. For example, the wake-up device 114 may monitor for a wake-up signal and may initiate a wake-up upon receipt of such a signal. Thus, communication between the galvanically isolated systems is facilitated without the shutdown system consuming its own power during the shutdown period.
For example, in one possible implementation, a low voltage system is coupled to the first transceiver 102 and a high voltage system is coupled to the second transceiver 104. In such an embodiment, it may be critical to keep such high and low pressure systems isolated from each other for various reasons. When properly configured, the communication device 100 may facilitate communication between the low voltage system and the high voltage system while maintaining galvanic isolation between the low voltage system and the high voltage system.
Furthermore, the wake-up device 114 allows the high voltage system to be shut down without using power consumption from the high voltage system to monitor the wake-up signal. This reduces the consumption of the high voltage system and may help extend the life of the relatively expensive high voltage battery and other components.
As described above, when communication with the shutdown system is desired, the wake-up device 114 uses the power transferred from the first transceiver 102 to the second transceiver 104 to the wake-up device 114. In one embodiment, this power is delivered through a third galvanic isolator that is different from isolators 116 and 118. Such an embodiment will be discussed in more detail with reference to fig. 2. In another embodiment, this power is delivered through a first galvanic isolator 116. Such an embodiment will be discussed in more detail with reference to fig. 3. In either case, such a configuration facilitates communication between galvanically isolated systems, and additionally facilitates monitoring for wake-up signals, without requiring excessive power to be consumed by any system coupled to the second transceiver 104.
During normal operation, the communication device 100 facilitates communication between systems while maintaining galvanic isolation between those systems. To facilitate such communication, the first transceiver 102 and the second transceiver 104 transmit and receive data across the first galvanic isolator 116 and the second galvanic isolator 118. Such data transfer may be accomplished using any suitable transfer technique and protocol.
Further, communication device 100 may be configured to communicate with other systems coupled to communication device 10 using any suitable transmission techniques and protocols. As one example, the communication device 100 may be configured to communicate with a CAN network using a suitable protocol. As other examples, the communication device 100 may be configured to communicate with an ethernet, a local interconnect network, a FlexRay network, each using any suitable hardware and protocol. In any such implementation, communication device 100 may include various devices (e.g., hardware circuitry and layers) required to communicate with such a system. Such means may be formed on a die having either the first transceiver 102 or the second transceiver 104, or they may be formed on separate dies. Likewise, such devices may be packaged with a die having either the first transceiver 102 or the second transceiver 104, or they may be packaged in separate packages.
In general, the first transmitter 106 and the second transmitter 112 may be implemented with any suitable transmitter circuit or device. For example, such transmitters 106 and 112 may be implemented with appropriate modulators and oscillators for encoding data. As a specific example, transmitters 106 and 112 may be implemented using on/off-critical control modulation and LC oscillators. Of course, this is just one example, and other types of modulators and oscillators may also be used. For example, frequency modulation or phase shift modulation techniques may be used.
Likewise, the first receiver 108 and the second receiver 110 may be implemented with any suitable receiver device. Such receivers 108 and 110 are implemented with suitable demodulators, for example. As a specific example, the receivers 108 and 110 may be implemented using on/off-critical demodulation. Again, this is just one example, and other types of demodulators may be used.
As described above, the first transceiver 102 is formed to be galvanically isolated from the second transceiver 104. To facilitate this, in one example embodiment, the first transceiver 102 is on a first die and the wake-up device 114 is on a second die with the second transceiver 104. In this case, the die would be configured and packaged to be galvanically isolated from the second die. For example, the first die and the second die may be packaged together in a single device package while maintaining galvanic isolation.
Likewise, the first galvanic isolator 116 and the second galvanic isolator 118 may be formed separately on the third die or may be formed with the first transceiver 102 or the second transceiver 104. Again, in such an embodiment, the die would be packaged to maintain galvanic isolation between the first transceiver 102 and the second transceiver 104.
The first and second galvanic isolators 116, 118 may be implemented using various isolation devices. For example, these isolators may be implemented with capacitive isolators or with transformers.
In a particular embodiment, the wake-up device 114 includes a low power demodulator configured to demodulate the wake-up signal. In such an embodiment, the low power demodulator may be coupled to a pattern detector configured to detect a pattern in the demodulated wake-up signal. In another particular embodiment, the wake-up device 114 includes a power source, wherein the power source is coupled to the first transceiver 102 and is configured to be powered by power delivered from the first transceiver 102 to the second transceiver 104. In another particular embodiment, the wake-up device 114 includes a rectifier, wherein the rectifier is coupled to the first transceiver 102 and is configured to rectify power received from the first transceiver 102. Examples of these embodiments should be discussed in more detail with reference to fig. 4A and 4B.
In another embodiment, the communication device 100 includes a variable power supply formed by the first transceiver 102 and galvanically isolated from the second transceiver 104. In this embodiment, the variable power supply is configured to selectively provide increased power to the first transmitter 106 to facilitate power transfer across the first galvanic isolator 116 to power the wake-up device. In some embodiments, this variable power supply may include a switchable current source, wherein the switchable current source is configured to selectively provide a relatively high current during wake-up and a relatively low current during normal communications. An example of this embodiment should be discussed in more detail with reference to fig. 5.
Turning now to fig. 2, a schematic diagram of a communication device 200 according to another exemplary embodiment is shown. In general, this communication device 200 is similar to the communication device shown in fig. 1, but also includes a dedicated channel for power delivery.
The communication device 200 includes a first transceiver 202 and a second transceiver 204, wherein the first transceiver 202 is galvanically isolated from the second transceiver 204. The first transceiver 202 includes a first transmitter 206, a first receiver 208, and a power delivery transmitter 220. The second transceiver 204 includes a second receiver 210, a second transmitter 212, and a wake-up device 214. Communication between the first transceiver 202 and the second transceiver 204 occurs through the first galvanic isolator 216 and the second galvanic isolator 118.
Specifically, the first transmitter 206 is configured to transmit the first signal across the first galvanic isolator 216 to the second receiver 210. The second transmitter 212 is also configured to transmit a second signal across the second galvanic isolator 218 to the first receiver 208. This configuration allows communication between galvanically isolated transceivers and thus the communication device 200 can be used to facilitate communication between systems while maintaining isolation of those systems.
According to embodiments described herein, the second transceiver 204 comprises a wake-up device 214. In general, the wake-up device 214 is configured to be powered by power delivered from the first transceiver 202 to the second transceiver 204 and is configured to receive a wake-up signal transmitted from the first transceiver 202 and across the first galvanic isolator 216. Specifically, when communication with the shutdown system is required, the wake-up device 214 uses the power delivered to the wake-up device 214 from the first transceiver 202 to the second transceiver 204.
In the embodiment shown herein, this power is delivered through a third galvanic isolator 222 that is different from isolators 216 and 218. Specifically, such power is delivered from the power delivery transmitter 220 across the third galvanic isolator 222 and to the wake-up device 214, where the power is used to power the wake-up device 214. A wake-up signal may then be sent from the first transmitter 206 to the wake-up device 214, and the wake-up device 214 may then initiate a wake-up to shut down the system.
The use of a dedicated power delivery transmitter 220 and a third galvanic isolator 222 may provide several advantages. For example, using dedicated power delivery transmitter 220 and third galvanic isolator 222 may facilitate continuous delivery of both power and data, and thus must alternate between transmitting power and second data, as compared to techniques using only one isolator.
As described above, the first transceiver 202 is formed to be galvanically isolated from the second transceiver 204. To facilitate this, the third galvanic isolator 222 may be formed separately on a separate die or may be formed with the first transceiver 202 or the second transceiver 204. Again, in such an embodiment, the die would be packaged to maintain galvanic isolation between the first transceiver 202 and the second transceiver 204.
Again, the communication device 200 facilitates communication with an already shutdown galvanically isolated system without the shutdown system consuming its own power during shutdown. Specifically, when communication with the shutdown system is desired, the wake-up device 214 uses the power delivered to the wake-up device 214 from the power delivery transmitter 220 across the third galvanic isolator 222 without the shutdown system using its own power to monitor the wake-up signal.
Turning now to fig. 3, a schematic diagram of a communication device 300 according to another exemplary embodiment is shown. In general, this communication device 300 is similar to the communication device shown in fig. 1, but also includes a variable power supply for providing power to the wake-up device.
The communication device 300 includes a first transceiver 302 and a second transceiver 304, wherein the first transceiver 302 is galvanically isolated from the second transceiver 304. The first transceiver 302 includes a first transmitter 306, a first receiver 308, and a variable power supply 324. The second transceiver 304 comprises a second receiver 310, a second transmitter 312 and a wake-up device 314. Communication between the first transceiver 302 and the second transceiver 304 occurs through a first galvanic isolator 316 and a second galvanic isolator 318.
According to embodiments described herein, the second transceiver 304 comprises a wake-up device 314. Again, the wake-up device 314 is configured to be powered by power delivered from the first transceiver 302 to the second transceiver 304 and is configured to receive a wake-up signal transmitted from the first transceiver 302 and across the first galvanic isolator 316. Specifically, when communication with the shutdown system is required, the wake-up device 314 uses power delivered to the wake-up device 314 from the first transceiver 302.
In the embodiment shown here, this power is delivered through a first galvanic isolator 316, the same galvanic isolator being used for communication from the first transmitter 306 to the second receiver 310. Using the same galvanic isolator to deliver power to wake-up device 314 may significantly reduce the overall size and cost of the device as compared to embodiments using a separate isolator for power delivery. This is especially true for embodiments that use a large capacitive isolator or a larger transformer as the galvanic isolator.
Again, the communication device 300 facilitates communication with an already shutdown galvanically isolated system without the shutdown system consuming its own power during shutdown. Specifically, when communication with the shutdown system is desired, the wake-up device 314 uses the power delivered from the first transmitter 306 to the wake-up device 314 across the first galvanic isolator 316 without the shutdown system using its own power to monitor the wake-up signal.
A variable power supply 324 is coupled to the first transmitter 306. In this embodiment, the variable power supply 324 is configured to selectively provide increased power to the first transmitter 306 to facilitate power transfer across the first galvanic isolator 316 to power the wake-up device 314.
Specifically, during normal operation, the first transmitter 306 may require a relatively low amount of power to operate and provide communication to the second receiver 310. Thus, during normal operation, the variable power supply 324 may be operated to supply a relatively low amount of power. However, when the connected system is shut down and needs to perform a wake-up, the variable power supply 324 may then provide an increased amount of power. This increased power facilitates the delivery of power across the first galvanic isolator 316 to the wake-up device 314. Here, the power delivered is sufficient to operate the wake-up device 314. A wake-up signal may then be sent from the first transmitter 306 to the wake-up device 314, and the wake-up device 314 may then initiate a wake-up to shut down the system.
It should be noted that while the variable power supply 324 provides an increased amount of power to initiate the wake-up, such increased power is only required for a relatively short period of time. Thus, the overall power consumption of the communication device 300 remains relatively low.
In some embodiments, this variable power supply 324 may include a switchable current source, wherein the switchable current source is configured to selectively provide a relatively high current during wake-up and a relatively low current during normal communications. An example of this embodiment should be discussed in more detail with reference to fig. 5.
Turning now to fig. 4A, a schematic diagram of an exemplary wake-up device 400 is shown. Wake-up device 400 is an example of the type of device that may be used in any of the communication devices 100, 200, and 300 discussed above. In the embodiment shown here, wake-up device 400 includes a rectifier 402, a power supply 404, and a demodulator 406.
As described above, the wake-up device 400 is generally configured to be powered by power delivered from the first transceiver and across the galvanic isolation. In particular, the wake-up device 400 uses cross-galvanic isolation of the power delivered to the wake-up device 400 from the first transceiver without requiring the connection system in a shut down or otherwise low power consumption mode to use its own power to monitor the wake-up signal.
In the embodiment shown here, the wake-up device 400 receives a power signal and a wake-up signal. As described above, the power signal may be conveyed across a dedicated galvanic isolator (e.g., third galvanic isolator 222 of fig. 2) or may be conveyed across a galvanic isolator also used for data communications (e.g., first galvanic isolator 316 of fig. 3). In either case, the power signal is delivered across galvanic isolation and is used to power the wake-up device 400.
In the embodiment of fig. 4A, the power signal received from the power isolator is an AC signal applied to the rectifier 402. The rectifier 402 converts the AC power signal to a DC voltage. The DC voltage is then applied to the power supply 404. The power supply 404 converts the received DC voltage into a form that can be used by other elements of the wake-up device 400. For example, power supply 404 may filter, stabilize, adjust, and/or correct the received DC voltage as needed to generate an appropriate supply voltage for demodulator 406. As such, power supply 404 may include any suitable combination of elements capable of receiving a rectified power signal and generating one or more suitable supply voltages. For example, in some embodiments, a relatively large capacitor may be provided as part of the power supply 404 or coupled to an input of the power supply 404. Such a relatively large capacitor may store the delivered power and help maintain the DC voltage applied to the input of the power supply 404.
As a specific example, the power supply 404 may include a low dropout regulator (LDO) implemented to provide a regulated output voltage near the received DC voltage. Of course, this is but one example of the type of device that may be used to generate the appropriate supply voltage for demodulator 406.
Demodulator 406 is also configured to receive a wake-up signal. As described above, the wake-up signal is conveyed from the first transceiver to the second transceiver by galvanic isolation. For example, in the embodiment of fig. 2, the wake-up signal would be conveyed from the first transmitter 206 and across the first galvanic isolator 216 and to the wake-up device 214. As another example, in the embodiment of fig. 3, a wake-up signal may be conveyed from the first transmitter 306 and across the first galvanic isolator 316 and to the wake-up device 314.
The demodulator 406 receives the wake-up signal and demodulates the wake-up signal to determine if a wake-up message has been received. To facilitate this, demodulator 406 may include any suitable type of demodulator, including the on/off-critical control demodulator discussed above.
In many exemplary embodiments, it may be desirable to implement demodulator 406 with a low power device to reduce the amount of power that must be delivered when waking up. Furthermore, such a lower power demodulator may be used because of the limited data bandwidth that would normally be required to transmit the wake-up signal. Examples of low power demodulators that may be used include peak detection demodulators for on-off keying. Again, this is just one example, and other types of demodulators may be used.
In the case where the wake-up device 400 is powered using power delivered across the power isolation, the wake-up device 400 may receive the wake-up signal, demodulate the signal to determine whether a valid wake-up message has been received. Then, in response to a valid wake-up message, the wake-up device 400 may generate an activation signal that will cause the connected system to turn on or otherwise begin operation. Accordingly, the wake-up device 400 may monitor the wake-up signal and may initiate wake-up upon receipt of a valid wake-up message.
Turning now to fig. 4B, a schematic diagram of another exemplary wake-up device 450 is shown. Wake-up device 450 is another example of a device type that may be used in any of the communication devices 100, 200, and 300 discussed above. In the embodiment shown here, wake-up device 400 includes rectifier 402, power supply 404, demodulator 406, and mode detector 460.
The wake-up device 450 operates in the same general manner as the wake-up device 400 discussed above, but also includes a mode detector 460. In this embodiment, the pattern detector 460 may be used to identify a valid wake-up message to ensure that the connected system is activated only in response to a valid request. Specifically, the pattern detector 460 analyzes the demodulated wake-up signal to determine whether a specific pattern indicating a valid wake-up message is present in the wake-up signal. The pattern detector 460 will then be configured to initiate an activation signal only if such a pattern is identified. Thus, use of such a pattern detector 460 may thus ensure that a connected system is activated only in response to a valid wake-up message and not falsely activated in response to noise or other spurious signals that may be delivered to the pattern detector 460.
The pattern detector 460 may be implemented with any suitable detector and may be implemented to detect any suitable type of pattern. For example, a logic comparison circuit may be implemented to detect the specified pattern.
Turning now to fig. 5, a schematic diagram of an exemplary variable power supply 500 is shown. Variable power supply 500 is an example of the type of device that may be used in communication device 300 as discussed above. In the embodiment shown herein, variable power supply 500 includes a high current source 502, a low current source 504, a first switch 506, and a second switch 508.
In the embodiment of fig. 5, variable current source 500 comprises a switchable current source. Specifically, a first switch 506 may be used to selectively supply a relatively high current from the high current source 502, while a second switch 508 may be used to selectively supply a relatively low current from the low current source 504. Thus, by selectively controlling the first switch 506 and the second switch 508, the variable current source 500 may provide a relatively high current during wake-up and a relatively low current during normal communications.
In particular, during normal operation, the variable power supply 500 may be operated to supply a relatively low amount of power to the transmitter to facilitate conventional data communication in the communication device. However, when the connected system is shut down and a wake-up needs to be performed, the variable power supply 500 may be switched to provide an increased amount of power. This increased power provides enough power across the galvanic isolation to power the wake-up device. It should be noted that while the variable power supply 500 provides an increased amount of power to initiate a wake-up, such increased power is only required for a relatively short period of time. Thus, the overall power consumption of the communication device remains relatively low.
As described above, various galvanic isolators for providing isolation in a communication device may be implemented using various isolation devices. Turning now to fig. 6A and 6B, two exemplary galvanic isolators are shown. Specifically, fig. 6A illustrates an exemplary transformer-based isolation 602. Likewise, fig. 6B illustrates an exemplary capacitance-based isolation 604.
In general, the transformer-based isolation 602 may be implemented with any suitable transformer structure, including discrete transformers and integrated transformers. For example, the transformer-based isolation 602 may be implemented with an integrated coreless coupled inductor pair. Alternatively, the transformer-based isolation 602 may be implemented with a pair of discrete transformers.
Likewise, the capacitance-based isolation 605 may be implemented with any suitable capacitive structure, including integrated passive capacitors and discrete capacitors. As a specific example, the capacitance-based isolation 605 may be implemented by coupling field plates separated by a suitable dielectric.
Turning now to fig. 7, a cross-sectional view of an exemplary packaged communication device 700 is illustrated. Packaged communication device 700 includes package body 702, termination 704, and Integrated Circuit (IC) die 706, 708, and 710.
Typically, the package 702 is used to contain the IC die and related components, and provides termination (e.g., leads) for connecting the components inside the package to an external system external to the package 702. As such, the package 702 may be any suitable type of semiconductor package, such as an air cavity package or an overmolded package. As one example, package 702 may be a surface mount package that uses an array of surface mount leads as terminations.
IC die 706, 708, and 710 include various integrated devices that implement communication device 700, and may include any suitable type of integrated circuit. In one embodiment, IC die 706 will include an integrated circuit forming a first transceiver, IC die 708 will include a galvanic isolator, and IC die 710 will include an integrated circuit forming a second transceiver with the wake-up device. In this case, the die would be configured and packaged such that IC die 706 is galvanically isolated from IC die 710.
Accordingly, implementing the embodiments described herein provides a communication apparatus and method that may facilitate communication between galvanically isolated systems. In particular, embodiments provide a wake-up device on the side of the shutdown system and facilitate cross-galvanic isolation to deliver power to the wake-up device when communication with the shutdown system is desired. In the case of powering the wake-up device using power delivered across the galvanic isolation, the wake-up device may perform the actions required to wake-up the shutdown system, and thus may facilitate communication between the galvanic isolation systems.
In a first embodiment, there is provided a communication apparatus including: a first transceiver comprising a first transmitter configured to transmit a first signal across a first galvanic isolator and a first receiver configured to receive a second signal transmitted across a second galvanic isolator; a second transceiver galvanically isolated from the first transceiver, the second transceiver comprising a second transmitter configured to transmit the second signal across the second galvanic isolator and a second receiver configured to receive the first signal transmitted across the first galvanic isolator; and a wake-up device configured to be powered by power transmitted from the first transceiver to the second transceiver, the wake-up device comprising a wake-up receiver coupled to the first galvanic isolator and configured to receive a wake-up signal across the first galvanic isolator.
In another embodiment, there is provided a communication apparatus including: a first transceiver comprising a first transmitter configured to transmit a first signal across a first galvanic isolator, a first receiver configured to receive a second signal transmitted across a second galvanic isolator, and a power delivery transmitter configured to transmit a power signal across a third galvanic isolator; a second transceiver galvanically isolated from the first transceiver, the second transceiver comprising a second transmitter configured to transmit the second signal across the second galvanic isolator and a second receiver configured to receive the first signal transmitted across the first galvanic isolator; and wherein the second transceiver further comprises a wake-up device comprising a power supply coupled to the third galvanic isolator and configured to be powered by the power signal conveyed across the third galvanic isolator, the wake-up device comprising a wake-up receiver powered by the power supply and coupled to the first galvanic isolator and configured to receive a wake-up signal across the first galvanic isolator.
In another embodiment, there is provided a communication apparatus including: a first transceiver comprising a first transmitter configured to transmit a first signal across a first galvanic isolator and a first receiver configured to receive a second signal transmitted across a second galvanic isolator; a second transceiver galvanically isolated from the first transceiver, the second transceiver comprising a second transmitter configured to transmit the second signal across the second galvanic isolator and a second receiver configured to receive the first signal transmitted across the first galvanic isolator; wherein the first transceiver additionally comprises a variable power supply configured to selectively provide power to the first transmitter to transmit a power signal across the first galvanic isolator; and wherein the second transceiver further comprises a wake-up device configured to be powered by the power signal conveyed across the third galvanic isolator, the wake-up device comprising a wake-up receiver coupled to the first galvanic isolator and configured to receive a wake-up signal across the first galvanic isolator.
In another embodiment, a method of providing communication is provided, the method comprising: transmitting a power signal from a first transceiver to a second transceiver across galvanic isolation, the first transceiver comprising a first transmitter and a first receiver, the second transceiver comprising a second transmitter, a second receiver, and a wake-up device, and wherein the first transceiver is galvanically isolated from the second transceiver; powering the wake-up device with power derived from the power signal; transmitting a wake-up signal from the first transceiver to the wake-up device across a first galvanic isolator; and activating a system coupled to the second transceiver in response to the wake-up signal received by the wake-up device.
For brevity, conventional techniques related to signal processing, sampling, analog-to-digital conversion, digital-to-analog conversion, analog circuit design, differential circuit design, and other functional aspects of the systems (and the individual operating components of the systems) may not be described in detail herein. Furthermore, the connecting lines shown in the various figures contained herein are intended to represent example functional relationships and/or physical couplings between the various elements. It should be noted that many alternative or additional functional relationships or physical connections may be present in an embodiment of the subject matter. It should be understood that the circuitry described herein may be implemented in silicon or another semiconductor material, or alternatively by a software code representation thereof.
As used herein, "node" means any internal or external reference point, connection point, node, signal line, conductive element, etc. where a given signal, logic level, voltage, data pattern, current or quantity exists. Furthermore, two or more nodes may be implemented by one physical element (and two or more signals may be multiplexed, modulated, or otherwise distinguished even if received or output in a common mode). The foregoing description refers to elements or nodes or features being "connected" or "coupled" together. As used herein, unless expressly stated otherwise, "connected" means that one element/node/feature is directly joined to (or directly communicates with) another element/node/feature, and not necessarily mechanically. Unless expressly stated otherwise, "coupled" means that one element is directly or indirectly joined to (or directly or indirectly communicates with) another element, and not necessarily mechanically. Thus, although the schematic shown in the drawings depicts an example arrangement of elements, additional intermediate elements, devices, features, or components may be present in embodiments of the depicted subject matter. In addition, certain terminology may be used in the foregoing description for the purpose of reference only and is therefore not intended to be limiting.
The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description and in the claims, are used for distinguishing between elements and not necessarily for describing a particular structure, sequence, or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," "has," "having," or any variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a circuit, process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such circuit, process, method, article, or apparatus.
The foregoing description of the specific embodiments will so fully reveal the general nature of the inventive subject matter that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept. Such adaptations and modifications are therefore within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. The inventive subject matter embraces all such alternatives, modifications, equivalents and variations as fall within the spirit and broad scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A communication device, comprising:
a first transceiver comprising a first transmitter configured to transmit a first signal across a first galvanic isolator and a first receiver configured to receive a second signal transmitted across a second galvanic isolator;
a second transceiver galvanically isolated from the first transceiver, the second transceiver comprising a second transmitter configured to transmit the second signal across the second galvanic isolator and a second receiver configured to receive the first signal transmitted across the first galvanic isolator; and
a wake-up device configured to be powered by power transmitted from the first transceiver to the second transceiver, the wake-up device comprising a wake-up receiver coupled to the first galvanic isolator and configured to receive a wake-up signal across the first galvanic isolator when powered by the power transmitted from the first transceiver to the second transceiver through the first galvanic isolator.
2. The communication device of claim 1, wherein the first transceiver further comprises a power delivery transmitter configured to transmit a power signal across a third galvanic isolator to the wake-up device to power the wake-up device.
3. The communication device of claim 1, further comprising a variable power supply formed by the first transceiver and galvanically isolated from the second receiver, and wherein the variable power supply is configured to selectively provide increased power to the first transmitter in order to facilitate power transfer across the first galvanic isolator to power the wake-up device.
4. The communication device of claim 1, wherein the first transceiver is on a first die, wherein the wake-up device is on a second die with the second transceiver, and wherein the first die is galvanically isolated from the second die, and wherein the first die and the second die are packaged together in a single device package.
5. A communication device, the communication device comprising:
A first transceiver comprising a first transmitter configured to transmit a first signal across a first galvanic isolator and a first receiver configured to receive a second signal transmitted across a second galvanic isolator;
a second transceiver galvanically isolated from the first transceiver, the second transceiver comprising a second transmitter configured to transmit the second signal across the second galvanic isolator and a second receiver configured to receive the first signal transmitted across the first galvanic isolator;
wherein the first transceiver further comprises a variable power supply configured to selectively provide power to the first transmitter to transmit a power signal across the first galvanic isolator; and is also provided with
Wherein the second transceiver further comprises a wake-up device configured to be powered by the power signal conveyed across a third galvanic isolator, the wake-up device comprising a wake-up receiver coupled to the first galvanic isolator and configured to receive a wake-up signal across the first galvanic isolator when powered by the power conveyed from the first transceiver to the second transceiver through the first galvanic isolator.
6. A method of providing communication, the method comprising:
transmitting a power signal from a first transceiver to a second transceiver across galvanic isolation, the first transceiver comprising a first transmitter and a first receiver, the second transceiver comprising a second transmitter, a second receiver, and a wake-up device, and wherein the first transceiver is galvanically isolated from the second transceiver;
powering the wake-up device with power derived from the power signal;
transmitting a wake-up signal from the first transceiver to the wake-up device across a first galvanic isolator; and
activating a system coupled to the second transceiver in response to the wake-up signal received by the wake-up device;
the wake-up device is powered by power delivered from the first transceiver to the second transceiver, the wake-up device comprising a wake-up receiver coupled to the first galvanic isolator and receiving a wake-up signal across the first galvanic isolator when powered by the power delivered from the first transceiver to the second transceiver through the first galvanic isolator.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the step of transmitting the power signal from the first transceiver to the second transceiver across galvanic isolation comprises transmitting the power signal across a separate galvanic isolator.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the step of transmitting the power signal from the first transceiver to the second transceiver across galvanic isolation comprises transmitting the power signal across the first galvanic isolator.
9. The method of claim 6, further comprising selectively providing, by a variable power source, increased power to the first transmitter to facilitate power transfer across the first galvanic isolator to power the wake-up device.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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|---|---|---|---|
| US15/965,532 | 2018-04-27 | ||
| US15/965,532 US10313162B1 (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2018-04-27 | Communication devices and methods with power transfer over isolation for wake-up |
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| CN110417689A CN110417689A (en) | 2019-11-05 |
| CN110417689B true CN110417689B (en) | 2023-12-26 |
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| US (1) | US10313162B1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| EP3562048A1 (en) | 2019-10-30 |
| EP3562048B1 (en) | 2022-05-11 |
| US10313162B1 (en) | 2019-06-04 |
| CN110417689A (en) | 2019-11-05 |
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