CN110416567B - Membrane bioreactor for co-production of ethanol and electric energy by high-density microorganisms - Google Patents

Membrane bioreactor for co-production of ethanol and electric energy by high-density microorganisms Download PDF

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CN110416567B
CN110416567B CN201910618773.9A CN201910618773A CN110416567B CN 110416567 B CN110416567 B CN 110416567B CN 201910618773 A CN201910618773 A CN 201910618773A CN 110416567 B CN110416567 B CN 110416567B
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ethanol
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CN110416567A (en
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刘晨光
张家威
曹莲莹
白凤武
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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    • C12M43/08—Bioreactors or fermenters combined with devices or plants for production of electricity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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Abstract

The invention discloses a membrane bioreactor for high-density microorganism co-production of ethanol and electric energy, which relates to the field of microorganism fermentation and microorganism batteries and comprises a power generation system, an electricity storage system, a regulation and control system and a fermentation liquor recovery system; the power generation system comprises a battery main body, a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, a feed inlet, a discharge outlet, an exhaust port, an oxidant container, a culture medium container, a signal molecule container and a sample injection pump, wherein the oxidant container, the culture medium container and the signal molecule container are connected to the battery main body through the sample injection pump; the power storage system comprises a storage battery, and the storage battery is used for storing power; the regulation and control system comprises a processor and a control circuit, wherein the processor controls each module through the control circuit. The invention controls the electricity generation process by controlling the formation or the dissociation of the biomembrane on the conductive medium by the microorganism, so that the invention has the advantages of controllable electricity generation, high efficiency, portability, sustainability and high output power.

Description

Membrane bioreactor for co-production of ethanol and electric energy by high-density microorganisms
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of microbial fermentation and microbial batteries, in particular to a membrane bioreactor for co-production of ethanol and electric energy by high-density microorganisms.
Background
In the modern society, the demand for clean and renewable energy is strong, people can not leave various energy sources for life and work, and electric energy becomes the energy source which is mainly and directly used due to the wide application of electronic equipment. Electric energy cannot be directly obtained and is generally converted from other forms of energy, such as fossil energy, heat energy, kinetic energy and the like. At present, the electric energy in mainstream use is mostly converted from fossil energy. However, the high pollution and unsustainability of fossil energy are barriers to long-term use, and a new energy technology for seeking sustainable cleanness is a necessary way to solve the future energy shortage. Among them, the fuel cell is not limited by the carnot cycle, and has a high efficiency and a clean characteristic, so that it is regarded as important. The research and application of the current fuel cell are mainly reflected on the hydrogen fuel cell, and through the development of decades, the current hydrogen fuel cell is put into application on a new energy automobile, and the delivery capacity of the global fuel cell reaches 670MW by 2017. Existing fuel cell technologies are also mainly based on oxidation-reduction reactions of compounds, which can be classified into alkaline fuel cells, phosphoric acid fuel cells, molten carbonate fuel cells, solid oxide fuel cells, and proton exchange membrane fuel cells, depending on the electrolyte. Among them, the invention of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell benefiting from the perfluorosulfonic acid membrane technology has become the mainstream of the fuel cell.
The microbial fuel cell is a device for directly converting chemical energy in organic matters into electric energy by using microbes. The basic working principle is as follows: in the anode chamber, the organic matter is decomposed under the action of microbe to release electron and proton, the electron is transferred between the biological component and the anode via proper electron transfer medium and transferred to the cathode via external circuit to form current, and the proton is transferred to the cathode via proton exchange film, where the oxidant is reduced to obtain electron. Microbial fuel cells have operational and functional advantages: firstly, the method directly converts the substrate into electric energy, and has high energy conversion efficiency; secondly, the microbial fuel cell can effectively operate under the condition of normal temperature environment; third, no waste gas treatment is required, since the main component of the waste gas it produces is carbon dioxide; fourthly, no large energy needs to be input; fifth, it has potential for widespread use in local areas where there is a lack of electrical infrastructure, while also expanding fuel diversity.
At present, the main development direction of microbial fuel cells is divided into two aspects: one is sewage treatment and microbial combustionThe material battery can utilize organic components in the material battery to generate electric energy in the process of treating sewage, so that the maximum utilization of sewage resources is promoted; the other is to supply power for a specific offshore device, which is currently applied to a small part of offshore floating devices for measuring parameters such as ocean current direction, temperature and the like. At present, the strains mainly applied to the microbial fuel cell are Shewanella (Shewanella), Geobacticeae (Geobactiaceae), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and the like. The bacteria can generate electrons in the process of decomposing a substrate and transmit the electrons in the form of electron carriers or biological membranes so as to supply power to an external circuit load. The common feature of these electrogenic bacteria is that the respiratory electron transport chain on the cell membrane is incomplete, and the final acceptor of the electron is not O in the electron transport process2But other metal ions or substances that can pass through the cell membrane and are susceptible to redox reactions (i.e., relatively susceptible to electron gain and loss), such as riboflavin, methylene blue, pyocin, and the like. In this way, electrons produced by the cell can be transferred from within the cell to an electrode outside the cell. In addition, it has been successively found that yeast, Escherichia coli, and the like have properties of generating electricity in microbial fuel cells.
Meanwhile, ethanol produced by fermentation of microorganisms such as Zymomonas mobilis (Zymomonas mobilis), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and the like is another clean energy with important strategic significance. The ethanol is convenient to burn, can be used as an oxygen increasing agent of fuel oil, improves the combustion efficiency and reduces the emission of toxic tail gas. The ethanol is produced by fermenting biomass such as sweet sorghum, wheat, corn, rice hull, potatoes, sugarcane, molasses and the like, carbon dioxide discharged by combustion of the ethanol is substantially derived from carbon dioxide absorbed by plant growth, the net increase of the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide cannot be caused, and the characteristic has great significance for inhibiting the greenhouse effect.
The biofilm enhances microbial electrogenesis. Biofilm refers to a microbial community and its surrounding organisms, including proteins, polysaccharides, nucleic acids, etc., that adhere to biological or non-biological media. A biological membrane is a dynamic structure in which living cells of a microorganism continuously undergo physiological metabolism while exchanging material energy with the external environment. Research shows that the generation of the biological membrane can not only improve the cell density to achieve higher electrocatalytic efficiency, but also promote the redox reaction of electron carrier pyocin generated by microorganisms on an anode, and finally enable the microbial fuel cell with the biological membrane to achieve higher power output. Quorum sensing controls biofilm formation and dissociation. Quorum sensing refers to the sensing of signal molecules in an environment by microorganisms that rapidly change the physiological state of the microorganisms when the concentration of the signal molecules exceeds a certain threshold, where biofilm formation and dissociation are typical quorum sensing phenotypes. The discovery and research of quorum sensing are originated from the phenomenon of luminescence of vibrio, a microorganism parasitizing in jellyfish, in the ocean, and many different quorum sensing processes such as luminescence, biofilm generation, biofilm dissociation, toxic factor secretion and the like have been analyzed through decades of researches, wherein the quorum sensing is relatively thorough to the research of the biofilm generation and dissociation. Because quorum sensing is induced by signal molecules, the formation and dissociation of biofilms can be artificially controlled by controlling the concentration of specific signal molecules to induce quorum sensing generation and quenching.
Therefore, those skilled in the art have devoted themselves to develop a membrane bioreactor for co-producing ethanol and electricity with high density microorganisms, which can solve the safety problem of the conventional proton exchange membrane fuel cell and the problem that the microbial fuel cell is difficult to achieve the optimal fermentation performance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the present invention are the safety problem of the conventional fuel cell and the difficulty in achieving optimal fermentation performance of the microbial fuel cell.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a membrane bioreactor for co-producing ethanol and electric energy by high-density microorganisms, which comprises a power generation system, an electricity storage system, a regulation and control system and a fermentation liquor recovery system; the power generation system comprises a battery main body, a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, a feed inlet, a discharge outlet, an exhaust port, an oxidant container, a culture medium container, a signal molecule container and 3 sample injection pumps, wherein the oxidant container is connected to the liquid inlet through the sample injection pumps, the culture medium container and the signal molecule container are respectively connected to the feed inlet in parallel through the sample injection pumps, the oxidant container stores an oxidant, the culture medium container stores a culture medium, and the signal molecule container stores signal molecules; the electric storage system comprises a storage battery and a lead, and the lead is connected with the storage battery and the battery main body to form an electric storage loop; the regulating and controlling system comprises a circuit detector, a processor and a control circuit, the processor is connected with the circuit detector, the circuit detector is connected on the lead, the processor is connected to the 3 sample pumps through the control circuit, and the processor is connected to the discharge port and the liquid outlet through the control circuit; the fermentation liquor recovery system is connected with the discharge hole.
Further, the cell body comprises a galvanic element, the galvanic element comprises an anode cell, a cathode cell, electrogenic microorganisms, a proton membrane and a carbon cloth, the anode cell and the cathode cell are divided into a pair of independent chambers by the proton membrane, the carbon cloth is arranged in each of the anode cell and the cathode cell, the culture medium, the electrogenic microorganisms and the signal molecules are filled in the anode cell, the anode cell controls the existence form of the electrogenic microorganisms by regulating the concentration of the signal molecules, and the existence form of the electrogenic microorganisms comprises the existence in the form of free cells and the existence in the form of a biofilm; the cathode pool is filled with the oxidant; the carbon cloth is porous.
Further, the liquid inlet of the power generation system is supplemented with the oxidant, the liquid outlet discharges the consumed oxidant, the culture medium and the signal molecules for the growth of the power-generating microorganisms are input into the feed inlet, the discharge port discharges metabolic products, and the exhaust port discharges metabolic gas generated in the fermentation process.
Further, the broth recovery system is configured to collect and recover the metabolite; the power storage system is configured to store the bio-electric energy generated by the power generation system.
Further, the circuit detector is configured to detect parameters of the power storage circuit and the battery main body, and the processor is configured to receive information of the circuit detector and automatically adjust an environment for fermenting and generating electricity of the battery main body; the processor controls the liquid outlet and the discharge port to be opened and closed and controls the sample injection pump through the control circuit.
Further, the carbon source of the culture medium includes, but is not limited to, one or a combination of glucose, corn steep liquor, glycerol, or molasses.
Further, the electrogenic microorganisms include, but are not limited to, one or a combination of Zymomonas mobilis (Zymomonas mobilis), Escherichia coli (Escherichia coli), Shewanella (Shewanella), geobacter (geobacter) or Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) having electrogenic ability; the signal molecule comprises but is not limited to one or a combination of AI-2(Autoinducer 2), AHL (Acyl-heparin initiator) or DSF (soluble signal factor), and the preferred concentration of the signal molecule is 1-100 mmol/L.
Further, the oxidizing agent comprises one or a combination of but not limited to a fresh hematite solution, a potassium permanganate solution or an oxidation state pollutant solution, and the preferable concentration of the oxidizing agent is 20-100 mmol/L; the oxidized form contaminants include, but are not limited to, hexavalent chromium industrial waste streams.
Furthermore, the number of the primary battery elements included in the battery main body is greater than or equal to 2, the battery main body further comprises a fixed baffle and a movable baffle, the fixed baffle and the movable baffle are impermeable members, the fixed baffle is fixedly arranged, and the movable baffle is movably arranged; the fixed baffle and the movable baffle cooperate with the proton membrane to divide the anode cell and the cathode cell into a pair of independent chambers; the primary battery elements in the same battery body are connected in series or in parallel.
A series-parallel conversion circuit of a battery main body comprises a plurality of battery main bodies, a series switch, a parallel switch and a lead, wherein the lead is connected with the battery main bodies, the series switch or the parallel switch; the series switch is configured such that the anode cell and the cathode cell of each of the cell bodies are sequentially connected in series; the parallel switch is configured such that the anode cells of the respective battery bodies are connected to each other and the cathode cells of the respective battery bodies are connected to each other.
Compared with the prior art, the invention at least has the following beneficial technical effects:
the method and the device realize effective control on the electricity generation and the electricity generation amount of the battery by controlling whether to add the organic reactant and the signal molecule into the feed port and the adding speed;
2, the invention makes the battery have high efficiency by adopting the biological membrane with high-speed generation and dissociation processes, and can realize the repeated equipment and use of the microbial fuel cell;
3, the primary battery elements adopted by the invention can be connected in series or in parallel in high density, and the high mass transfer rate is kept through the liquid circulation flow, so that the battery has higher output power;
4, the electricity generating raw materials adopted by the invention are common substances such as glucose and the like, do not need supporting equipment, are portable to carry and have the characteristic of mobility.
The conception, the specific structure and the technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the features and the effects of the present invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall design of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the normal operation of a battery body with multiple cells connected in series according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a liquid-changing and refueling operation of a battery main body in which a plurality of battery cells are connected in series according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of series-parallel conversion of primary battery elements according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
The device comprises a battery body 1, a storage battery 2, a circuit detector 3, a processor 4, an oxidant container 5, a culture medium container 6, a signal molecule container 7, a sample injection pump 8, an ethanol recovery system 9, a material outlet 10, a material inlet 11, a liquid inlet 12, a lead 13, a control circuit 14, a liquid outlet 15, a gas outlet 16, carbon cloth 17, a proton membrane 18, a fixed baffle 19, a movable baffle 20, an anode tank 21, a cathode tank 22, a serial switch 23 and a parallel switch 24.
Detailed Description
The technical contents of the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be more clearly and easily understood by referring to the drawings attached to the specification. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms of embodiments and the scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
In the drawings, structurally identical elements are represented by like reference numerals, and structurally or functionally similar elements are represented by like reference numerals throughout the several views. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily illustrated, and the present invention is not limited to the size and thickness of each component. The thickness of the components may be exaggerated where appropriate in the figures to improve clarity.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a membrane bioreactor for co-producing ethanol and electric energy with high density microorganisms, which includes a power generation system, a power storage system, a regulation and control system, and a fermentation liquid recovery system, where the power generation system includes a battery main body 1, a liquid inlet 12, a liquid outlet 15, a material inlet 11, a material outlet 10, an air outlet 16, an oxidant container 5, a culture medium container 6, a signal molecule container 7, and a sample injection pump 8. The battery body 1 comprises a cathode pool 22 and an anode pool 21, the oxidant container 5 stores fresh 50mmol/L of hematite solution, and the culture medium container 6 stores RM culture medium; the exhaust port 16 discharges carbon dioxide generated during the fermentation process. The electric storage system includes a secondary battery 2 and a lead wire 13, and the secondary battery 2 stores continuous electric energy generated by the battery body 1. The regulation system comprises a circuit detector 3, a processor 4 and a control circuit 14. The fermentation liquor recovery system is an ethanol recovery system 9. The lead 13 connects the battery body 1, the storage battery 2 and the circuit detector 3 to form a loop. The circuit detector 3 transmits data to the processor 4, and the processor 4 automatically adjusts the environment of fermentation power generation through the measured circuit and the parameters of the battery body 1. The processor 4 is connected to 3 sample pumps 8 through control lines 14, and the processor 4 is connected to the discharge port 10 and the liquid outlet 15 through control lines 14. The oxidant container 5 is connected to the liquid inlet 12 through a sample injection pump 8, and the culture medium container 6 and the signal molecule container 7 are respectively connected to the liquid inlet 11 in parallel through the sample injection pump 8. The composition of RM medium included 1% yeast extract, 0.2% monopotassium phosphate and 2% glucose. The composition of the signal molecule included 44.7. mu. mol/L AI-2. In practical application, the components of the invention shown in fig. 1 can be attached to the battery body 1 to form a small-sized power generation device with small volume and compact structure.
When the power generation capacity falls to a set threshold, the processor 4 operates the outlet 15 to switch and the spent hematite solution flows out through the outlet 15. The processor 4 controls the liquid inlet 12 to inject 50mmol/L of fresh red blood salt solution by operating the sample injection pump 8. The processor 4 operates the switch of the discharge hole 10, and the fermentation liquor flows out and is collected to the ethanol recovery system 9. The processor 4 controls the feed inlet 11 to add fresh RM culture medium or signal molecules to activate the zymomonas mobilis to generate electricity with high efficiency by operating the sample injection pump 8.
In this embodiment, the anode pool 21 in the power generation system is fed with electrogenic microorganisms, the electrogenic microorganisms are Zymomonas mobilis (Zymomonas mobilis), the electrogenic microorganisms are grown by using an RM medium, and the components of the RM medium comprise 1% of yeast extract, 0.2% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 2% of glucose; the cathode pool 22 is filled with 50mmol/L of hematite solution, the model of the carbon cloth 17 electrode is W0S1002, and the area of a single piece of carbon cloth 17 is 50cm 2; the anode cell 21 and the cathode cell 22 are connected inside the galvanic element by means of a proton membrane 18, the model of the proton membrane 18 being dupont nafion117, the detector 3, the accumulator 2, are connected in series outside the cell body 1, the less stable electrical energy generated is stored in the accumulator 2 to be further used, or directly connected to a low-power electrical appliance.
The circuit detector 3 and the processor 4 regulate and control the whole power generation process, the control of the processor 4 is realized by LabVIEW programming, and when the power generation is normal, the output electric power is recorded; when the electricity generating capacity is reduced to a set threshold value, the regulating and controlling system operates a switch of the discharge port 10 and the sample feeding pump 8, and the culture medium is replaced, so that the electricity generating capacity of the electricity generating microorganisms is recovered to a certain extent; ethanol produced in the electricity-producing fermentation process is discharged from a discharge hole 10 and then is primarily collected by an ethanol recovery system 9, and can be further purified into ethanol with higher concentration by means of distillation and the like, and then can be used for disinfection, fuel and the like.
When the membrane bioreactor of the embodiment is not used, the zymomonas mobilis in a free state in the membrane bioreactor and has low membrane forming property; when the membrane bioreactor is used, signal molecules AI-2(44.7 mu mol/L) are input from the feed inlet 11, the film forming property of the zymomonas mobilis is activated, the carbon cloth 17 is used as a biological film carrier, the zymomonas mobilis forms a thicker biological film on the carbon cloth 17, and the output power is improved.
Example 2:
on the basis of embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a technical solution for a battery body 1 with a plurality of cells connected in series, as shown in fig. 2, in the battery body 1, three proton membranes 18, a fixed baffle 19 and a movable baffle 20 divide the battery body 1 into six separated chambers, the fixed baffle 19 and the movable baffle 20 are made of impermeable plastic material, each chamber is successively provided with a carbon cloth 17 as an electrode, the proton membrane 18 is dupont nafion117, the carbon cloth 17 electrode is W0S1002, and the single carbon cloth 17 has an area of 50cm2The carbon cloth 17 is porous. The vent 16 may vent carbon dioxide produced during fermentation. The RM culture medium is filled in the three chambers on the left side of the proton membrane 18, and Zymomonas mobilis (Zymomonas mobilis) is cultured to form three anode pools 21; the three chambers on the right side of the proton membrane 18 are filled with 50mmol/L of fresh red blood salt solution to form three cathode cells 22, as shown by the shaded portions in fig. 2. The adjacent anode cell 21, proton membrane 18 and cathode cell 22 constitute a galvanic cell element, and during normal operation, the galvanic cell elements are independent of each other and can generate the maximum power of about 6.4W/m2The voltage of (c). During normal operation, the three galvanic elements are connected in series through the lead 13 and output voltage to an external circuit.
When the cell body 1 is subjected to a changing operation, as shown in fig. 3, when the cell element needs to be changed to a fermentation solution or an oxidant solution, the six moving shutters 20 which were closed originally are moved from the initial positions shown in fig. 2, so that the three originally independent anode cells 21 and the common area on the lower side together constitute a new large anode cell. The anode tank 21, the discharge port 10 and the feed port 11 are communicated, and the culture medium is replaced through the discharge port 10 and the feed port 11. The three originally separate cathode cells 22 together with the common area on the upper side constitute a new large cathode cell, as is indicated by the hatched area in fig. 3. The cathode pool 22, the liquid inlet 12 and the liquid outlet 15 are communicated, the consumed hematite solution firstly flows out through the liquid outlet 15, and then the fresh hematite solution is injected through the liquid inlet 12; after the liquid and material changing is completed, the six movable baffles 20 return to the initial position, and the anode pool 21 and the cathode pool 22 are separated into six.
The single anode cell 21, the single cathode cell 22 and the proton membrane 18 form a primary cell element, the whole device is formed by connecting 3 primary cell elements in series to form a cell main body 1, meanwhile, the primary cell elements are connected together by special design and separated into independent chambers during power generation, and the movable baffle 20 is opened during liquid change and material change to form the integral anode cell 21 and the integral cathode cell 22, so that liquid can efficiently and circularly flow, a higher mass transfer rate is kept, and the total output power of the cell main body 1 is higher. After the culture medium, the electrogenic microorganisms and the oxidant are added in advance, the membrane bioreactor can continuously generate electric energy intelligently and store the electric energy in the storage battery 2, and only the culture medium, the oxidant and the electrogenic microorganisms need to be replaced regularly. When electricity is needed, the storage battery 2 is detached to supply power to the electric appliance. The movable barrier 20 at the upper part of the battery body 1 can be removed to facilitate replacement of the carbon cloth 17, cleaning of the device, and the like.
Example 3:
on the basis of embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a circuit for series-parallel conversion of primary battery elements, as shown in fig. 4, including two primary battery elements, 1 series switch 23, 1 parallel switch 24, and a conducting wire 13; each galvanic element is electrically charged by an anode cell 21, a cathode cell 22 and a separate proton membrane 18, respectively, and is connected to an external circuit by a lead 13. When higher battery capacity is needed, the series switch 23 is switched off, the parallel switch 24 is switched on, and the two primary battery elements are connected in parallel; when a higher voltage and current are required, the series switch 23 is closed and the parallel switch 24 is opened.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A membrane bioreactor for co-producing ethanol and electric energy by high-density microorganisms is characterized by comprising a power generation system, an electricity storage system, a regulation and control system and a fermentation liquor recovery system; the power generation system comprises a battery main body, a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, a feed inlet, a discharge port, an exhaust port, an oxidant container, a culture medium container, a signal molecule container and 3 sampling pumps, wherein a primary battery element is arranged in the battery main body, the primary battery element comprises an anode pool, a cathode pool, an electrogenesis microorganism, a proton membrane and a carbon cloth, the anode pool and the cathode pool are divided into paired independent chambers through the proton membrane, the anode pool and the cathode pool are both provided with the carbon cloth, the anode pool is provided with the culture medium, the electrogenesis microorganism and the signal molecule, the anode pool controls the existence form of the electrogenesis microorganism through regulating and controlling the concentration of the signal molecule, the oxidant container is connected to the liquid inlet through the sampling pumps, the culture medium container and the signal molecule container are respectively connected to the feed inlet in parallel through the sampling pumps, the oxidant container stores an oxidant, the culture medium container stores a culture medium, and the signal molecule container stores signal molecules; the electric storage system comprises a storage battery and a lead, and the lead is connected with the storage battery and the battery main body to form an electric storage loop; the regulating and controlling system comprises a circuit detector, a processor and a control circuit, the processor is connected with the circuit detector, the circuit detector is connected on the lead, the processor is connected to the 3 sample pumps through the control circuit, and the processor is connected to the discharge port and the liquid outlet through the control circuit; the fermentation liquor recovery system is connected with the discharge hole.
2. The high density microbial co-production of ethanol and electrical energy membrane bioreactor of claim 1, wherein the existing form of said electrogenic microbes comprises existing in free cell form, existing in biofilm form; the cathode pool is filled with the oxidant; the carbon cloth is porous.
3. The membrane bioreactor for co-producing ethanol and electric energy by using high-density microorganisms as claimed in claim 2, wherein the liquid inlet of the power generation system is supplemented with the oxidant, the liquid outlet discharges the consumed oxidant, the feed inlet is used for inputting the culture medium and the signal molecules for the growth of the power generation microorganisms, the discharge outlet discharges metabolites, and the gas outlet discharges metabolic gas generated in the fermentation process.
4. The high density microbial co-production of ethanol and electrical energy membrane bioreactor of claim 3, wherein the broth recovery system is configured to collect and recover the metabolites; the power storage system is configured to store the bio-electric energy generated by the power generation system.
5. The high-density microbial co-production of ethanol and electrical energy membrane bioreactor of claim 4, wherein the circuit detector is configured to detect parameters of the electrical storage circuit and the battery body, and the processor is configured to receive information from the circuit detector and automatically adjust the environment for fermentation and electricity production of the battery body; the processor controls the liquid outlet and the discharge port to be opened and closed and controls the sample injection pump through the control circuit.
6. The high density microbial co-production of ethanol and electrical energy membrane bioreactor of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the carbon source of the culture medium comprises one or a combination of glucose, corn steep liquor, glycerol or molasses.
7. The high-density microbial co-production of ethanol and electric energy membrane bioreactor of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the electricity-producing microbes comprise one or a combination of Zymomonas mobilis, genetically modified Escherichia coli, Shewanella, Geobacillus or Pseudomonas aeruginosa having electricity-producing capability; the signal molecules comprise one or a combination of AI-2, AHL or DSF, and the concentration of the signal molecules is 1-100 mmol/L.
8. The membrane bioreactor for the co-production of ethanol and electric energy by high-density microorganisms of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the oxidant comprises one or a combination of a fresh hematite solution, a potassium permanganate solution or an oxidized pollutant solution, and the concentration of the oxidant is 20 to 100 mmol/L; the oxidation state pollutant comprises hexavalent chromium industrial waste liquid.
9. The membrane bioreactor for co-producing ethanol and electric energy by using high density microorganisms according to claim 5, wherein the number of the primary cell elements included in the cell main body is greater than or equal to 2, the cell main body further comprises a fixed baffle and a movable baffle, the fixed baffle and the movable baffle are impermeable members, the fixed baffle is fixedly arranged, and the movable baffle is movably arranged; the fixed baffle and the movable baffle cooperate with the proton membrane to divide the anode cell and the cathode cell into a pair of independent chambers; the primary battery elements in the same battery body are connected in series or in parallel.
10. The cell main body series-parallel connection conversion circuit applied to the membrane bioreactor for co-producing ethanol and electric energy by using high-density microorganisms as claimed in claim 9 comprises a plurality of cell main bodies, series switches, parallel switches and conducting wires, wherein the conducting wires are connected with the cell main bodies, the series switches or the parallel switches; the series switch is configured such that the anode cell and the cathode cell of each of the cell bodies are sequentially connected in series; the parallel switch is configured such that the anode cells of the respective battery bodies are connected to each other and the cathode cells of the respective battery bodies are connected to each other.
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CN105420289A (en) * 2015-12-09 2016-03-23 清华大学 Method for using lignocellulose as raw material to co-produce ethyl alcohol and electric energy
CN109196086A (en) * 2016-03-14 2019-01-11 R·D·帕特尔 bioreactor system and its method

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102340015A (en) * 2011-07-28 2012-02-01 西安交通大学 Microorganism electrochemical system capable of realizing electricity generation, hydrogen generation and sewage treatment simultaneously
CN103304037A (en) * 2012-03-16 2013-09-18 北京大学深圳研究生院 Method for treating sewage, generating electric energy and assisting fermentation by virtue of bioelectrochemical system
CN103865958A (en) * 2012-12-13 2014-06-18 南京工业大学 Method for production of ethanol by continuous fermentation of immobilized yeast cells
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