CN110412621B - Pulse radio frequency interference compatibility evaluation method of satellite navigation receiver - Google Patents
Pulse radio frequency interference compatibility evaluation method of satellite navigation receiver Download PDFInfo
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- CN110412621B CN110412621B CN201910533764.XA CN201910533764A CN110412621B CN 110412621 B CN110412621 B CN 110412621B CN 201910533764 A CN201910533764 A CN 201910533764A CN 110412621 B CN110412621 B CN 110412621B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/13—Receivers
- G01S19/21—Interference related issues ; Issues related to cross-correlation, spoofing or other methods of denial of service
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/13—Receivers
- G01S19/23—Testing, monitoring, correcting or calibrating of receiver elements
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pulse radio frequency interference compatibility evaluation method of a satellite navigation receiver, which comprises the following steps: influencing factor alpha for defining pulse repetition frequency PRF (ii) a According to the influence factor alpha PRF Equivalent duty ratio PDC of correction saturation type receiver eff1 Equivalent duty cycle PDC for blanking type receiver eff2 (ii) a Correcting the effective carrier-to-noise ratio of the saturated receiver according to the corrected equivalent duty ratio of the saturated receiver; and correcting the effective carrier-to-noise ratio of the blanking type receiver according to the corrected equivalent duty ratio of the blanking type receiver. Compared with the conventional ITU (International telecommunication Union) evaluation method, the method increases two influence factors of pulse repetition frequency and integral cleaning frequency of the receiver, so that the pulse radio frequency interference compatibility evaluation method of the satellite navigation receiver can adapt to wider pulse width change, the calculated effective carrier-to-noise ratio is closer to the receiver output, and the evaluation result is more accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a pulse radio frequency interference compatibility evaluation method of a satellite navigation receiver.
Background
Due to the characteristics of satellite navigation signals, the power of signals reaching the ground is very low, so that the carrier-to-noise ratio is very low, the carrier-to-noise ratio is calculated according to the distance of a Beidou navigation satellite to the earth of 20000 kilometers, the ground noise temperature is 300K, the carrier-to-noise ratio of the signals reaching the ground is about-19 db, and the signals are very easily influenced and interfered by electromagnetic signals. Even if intentional interference of military equipment is not considered, a large number of signal transmitting devices existing in the civil field, such as broadcast television transmitting stations, microwave transmission devices, terrestrial cellular network base stations, etc., can have serious influence on a satellite navigation receiver without effective planning, so that an overall management scheme in the aspects of receiver interference protection, signal compatibility specifications of different systems, etc. needs to be formulated from a higher level of wireless spectrum management urgently.
Currently, in the field of compatibility research of satellite navigation systems and other systems, standardization of these compatibility evaluation methods is being performed by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU). Research institutions of various countries submit and discuss own research results to the international union, and form some recommended proposals and research reports such as ITU-R-REP-M.2220, ITU-R-REC-M.1831, ITU-R-REP-RS.2311 and the like in the name of the international union. The evaluation methods proposed in these documents mainly use the effective carrier-to-noise ratio of the receiver as an evaluation index of system compatibility, and the calculation methods of the effective carrier-to-noise ratio are different according to different types of receivers. Since the satellite navigation system itself and the receiver technology thereof are still under perfect development, the existing evaluation technologies are not perfect, and still need to be combined with practice to gradually improve the adaptation surface and accuracy thereof, so the ITU in the above-mentioned document suggests that the influence of impulse interference still needs to be continuously studied, and a more practical evaluation method is proposed.
In an evaluation report (ITU-R-REC-M.1831) of compatibility of impulse interference issued by the International Union of electric communications, the form of processing impulse interference signals by a receiver at a front end is divided into a hidden type and a saturated type, and accordingly, a calculation method of an effective carrier-to-noise ratio is respectively established. Where the effective carrier-to-noise ratio is defined as the carrier power and all interference-to-noise power ratio after the correlator of the navigation receiver. Since the impulse interference signal is spread by the local pseudo-random sequence when passing through the correlator, and is equivalent to a wideband noise when calculating the interference signal power, the effective carrier-to-noise ratio can also be referred to as an equivalent carrier-to-noise ratio.
The effective carrier-to-noise ratio in a saturated receiver as defined in the ITU-R-REP-m.2220 recommendation is calculated as follows:
wherein:
c: carrier power of satellite navigation signals;
N 0,EFF : an effective noise power;
N 0 : the thermal noise power spectral density (W/Hz) of the receiver;
I 0,WB : power spectral density (W/Hz) of continuous radio frequency interference in a wide band of a receiver signal;
PDC LIM : an aggregate duty cycle (fraction of unity) of the plurality of saturated radio frequency pulses;
R I : the ratio (unitless) of the average power density of the aggregate impulse interference below the saturation threshold to N0;
for the blanking type receiver, the effective carrier-to-noise ratio calculation formula is adopted as follows:
wherein:
c: carrier power (W) of the satellite signal;
N 0 : a thermal noise power spectral density (W/Hz) of the receiver;
I 0,WB : the total continuous radio frequency interference power spectral density (W/Hz);
PDC B : a duty cycle of the aggregate impulse interference exceeding a threshold;
R I : a ratio of the average interference power spectral density below a blanking threshold to N0.
As can be seen from the above-mentioned effective carrier-to-noise ratio calculation, the only parameter related to the pulse waveform is the duty cycle of the pulse. However, the waveform parameters of the actual pulse signal include pulse repetition frequency, pulse width, and the like. Pulses having the same duty cycle may have different pulse repetition frequencies (and corresponding pulses may have different durations). Practical tests have found that for a saturated receiver, when the duty cycle is the same and the width (time length) of the pulse is much smaller than the integration interval of the correlator (the conventional integration interval is 1 ms), the effective carrier-to-noise ratio decreases differently with the applied interference value at different integration intervals (or integrator cleaning frequencies). This difference reaches a maximum of around 3dB (the pulse repetition frequency varies from 250Hz to 3600 Hz), and the lower the cleaning frequency, the greater the value of the carrier to noise ratio degradation (drop value). Therefore, the above-mentioned phenomena in the test indicate that the effective carrier-to-noise ratio is related to both the pulse repetition frequency in the interference signal parameter and the integral cleaning frequency in the receiver parameter, which is not reflected in the above-mentioned calculation formula of the effective carrier-to-noise ratio, resulting in an error in the estimation result.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a pulse radio frequency interference compatibility evaluation method of a satellite navigation receiver, aiming at solving the problem that an effective carrier-to-noise ratio obtained by the evaluation method in the prior art has an error with a carrier-to-noise ratio output value of the receiver, and the pulse radio frequency interference compatibility evaluation method can reflect the influence of integral cleaning frequency in a correlator circuit of the satellite navigation receiver, so that an evaluation calculation result can more accurately reflect the effective carrier-to-noise ratio output value of the actual receiver, and the pulse radio frequency interference compatibility evaluation of the receiver is more accurate.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme is as follows: a method for evaluating compatibility of pulse radio frequency interference of a satellite navigation receiver comprises the following steps:
s1: influencing factor alpha for defining pulse repetition frequency PRF Said influence factor α PRF Representing the carrier-to-noise ratio with respect to the integral cleaning frequency of the receiver as f d Correction of time-to-noise ratio;
s2: according to the influence factor alpha PRF Equivalent duty ratio PDC of correction saturation type receiver eff1 And correcting the equivalent duty cycle PDC of a blanked receiver eff2 ；
S3: correcting the effective carrier-to-noise ratio of the saturated receiver according to the corrected equivalent duty ratio of the saturated receiver;
s4: and correcting the effective carrier-to-noise ratio of the blanking type receiver according to the corrected equivalent duty ratio of the blanking type receiver.
Preferably, in step S1, the influence factor is expressed by the following formula:
in the formula: PRF denotes pulse repetition frequency; beta represents an index value and is determined based on an actual measurement value.
Further, β is 0.1.
Still further, in step S2, the equivalent duty cycle PDC of the saturated receiver eff1 The concrete formula is as follows:
PDC eff1 ＝PDC LIM α PRF
in the formula: PDC (polycrystalline diamond compact) LIM Representing the aggregate duty cycle of a plurality of saturated radio frequency pulses.
Still further, in step S2, the equivalent duty cycle PDC of the stealth-free receiver eff2 The concrete formula is as follows:
PDC eff2 ＝PDC B α PRF
in the formula: PDC (polycrystalline diamond compact) B Indicating an exceedanceThe set of thresholds is the duty cycle of the impulsive interference.
Still further, in step S3, the effective carrier-to-noise ratio of the saturated receiver has the following specific formula:
in the formula:
c: carrier power of satellite navigation signals;
N 0,EFF : an effective noise power;
N 0 : the thermal noise power spectral density of the receiver is given by: W/Hz;
I 0,WB : the unit of the power spectrum density of the continuous radio frequency interference in the signal broadband of the receiver is as follows: W/Hz;
R I : a ratio of an average power density of the aggregate impulse interference below a saturation threshold to N0;
N LIM : the ratio of the saturation level of the receiver analog-to-digital converter to the thermal noise 1 sigma voltage.
Still further, in step S3, the specific formula of the effective carrier-to-noise ratio of the blanking-type receiver is as follows:
the invention has the following beneficial effects: compared with the existing ITU evaluation method, the method increases two influence factors of pulse repetition frequency and integral cleaning frequency of the receiver, so that the pulse radio frequency interference compatibility evaluation method of the satellite navigation receiver can adapt to wider pulse width change, the calculated effective carrier-to-noise ratio is closer to the receiver output, and the evaluation result is more accurate.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a method for evaluating compatibility of pulsed radio frequency interference of a satellite navigation receiver.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the flow of the experiment of this example.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the experiments of this example.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the present embodiment for verifying the generated pulsed jamming rf signal.
Fig. 5 shows the receiver output parameters during the experiment of the present embodiment.
Fig. 6 shows the equivalent carrier-to-noise ratio degradation obtained by the prior art experiment.
FIG. 7 shows the error between the measured value and the estimated value obtained by the prior art experiment.
Fig. 8 is an error value between an evaluation value and an actual measurement value obtained by an experiment of the method for evaluating compatibility of pulsed radio frequency interference of a satellite navigation receiver according to this embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a method for evaluating compatibility of pulsed radio frequency interference of a satellite navigation receiver includes the following steps:
s1: influencing factor alpha for defining pulse repetition frequency PRF The influence factor influences the actual effect of the duty ratio, and the specific formula expression is as follows:
in the formula: PRF denotes pulse repetition frequency; beta represents an index value and is determined based on an actual measurement value.
The influence factor alpha PRF Representing the carrier-to-noise ratio with respect to the integral cleaning frequency of the receiver as f d Correction amount of time-to-carrier-to-noise ratio. This example determines β to be 0.1 based on the measured values.
S2: according to the influence factor alpha PRF Equivalent duty ratio PDC of correction saturation type receiver eff1 In particular, the equivalent duty cycle PDC of said saturated receiver eff1 The expression of (a) is as follows:
in the formula: PDC (polycrystalline diamond compact) LIM Representing the aggregate duty cycle of a plurality of saturated radio frequency pulses.
Equivalent duty ratio PDC of the disappearing type receiver eff2 The specific expression is as follows:
in the formula: PDC (polycrystalline diamond compact) B Representing the duty cycle of the aggregate impulse disturbance exceeding a threshold.
S3: correcting the effective carrier-to-noise ratio of the saturated receiver according to the corrected equivalent duty ratio of the saturated receiver; the expression of the effective carrier-to-noise ratio of the corrected saturated receiver is as follows:
in the formula:
c: carrier power of satellite navigation signals;
N 0,EFF : an effective noise power;
N 0 : the thermal noise power spectral density of the receiver is given by: W/Hz;
I 0,WB : the power spectrum density of the continuous radio frequency interference in the signal broadband of the receiver is as follows: W/Hz;
R I : a ratio of an average power density of aggregate impulse disturbances below a saturation threshold to N0;
N LIM : the ratio of the saturation level of the receiver analog-to-digital converter to the thermal noise 1 sigma voltage.
S4: correcting the effective carrier-to-noise ratio of the blanking type receiver according to the corrected equivalent duty ratio of the blanking type receiver; the expression of the effective carrier-to-noise ratio of the modified blanked receiver is as follows:
in order to verify the effect of the pulse radio frequency interference compatibility evaluation method of the satellite navigation receiver, the implementation performs semi-physical verification based on evaluation and analysis software, a beidou receiver and other devices, as shown in fig. 2: the test steps are as follows:
1. simulating a pulse interference signal, and completing the construction of the pulse interference signal through a standard signal source in the experiment;
2. and (3) testing a scene: testing the working state of the Beidou receiver under the action of a specific pulse interference source, and obtaining the operation result of evaluation analysis demonstration software under the condition of the same parameters;
3. processing and analyzing the scene test result;
4. and testing a large number of tests, counting, and comparing and verifying analysis results.
The specific test scenario is shown in fig. 3, a real object navigation receiver is adopted to receive a real Beidou second-generation satellite navigation signal, a signal source is utilized to generate a required pulse interference radio frequency signal, and the required pulse interference radio frequency signal is added into the receiver through a radio frequency tee.
The signal source adopts Agilent's E4438C, connects the PC test end, produces the required pulse at the PC test end with the pulse production file control, and the pulse that generates is shown in figure 4.
In the verification test, various single-mode or multi-mode GNSS Beidou receivers can be adopted, and the statistics and the mean value are taken for analysis. The PC test terminal may be connected to output receiver related data as shown in fig. 5.
And recording the pulse interference parameters of each test and the equivalent carrier-to-noise ratio output by the receiver, carrying out multiple tests on the pulses of each different parameter to obtain an average value, and further processing to obtain a deterioration value of the equivalent carrier-to-noise ratio. And comparing and analyzing the test result with the software evaluation result.
Experimental results of compatibility evaluation report of impulse interference issued by International Union of telecommunication (ITU-R-REP-M.2220):
based on the international telecommunications union model, equivalent carrier-to-noise ratio deterioration caused by newly added pulses of different PDCs under different pulse interference can be obtained, and compared with actual measurement data, an error between a model evaluation value and an actual measurement value is obtained, as shown in fig. 6 and 7.
The experimental result of the pulse radio frequency interference compatibility evaluation method for the satellite navigation receiver in this embodiment is as follows: the model based on the technical scheme of this embodiment can obtain equivalent carrier-to-noise ratio deterioration caused by newly added pulses of different PDCs under different pulse interferences, and compare the equivalent carrier-to-noise ratio deterioration with actually measured data to obtain an error between a model evaluation value and an actually measured value, as shown in fig. 8.
From the above experimental data:
1. compatibility evaluation report of impulse interference issued by International Union of telecommunication (ITU-R-REP-M.2220) is up to 4dB at a high repetition frequency;
2. the equivalent carrier-to-noise ratio degradation mean value of the receiver caused by pulses with different parameters is counted through multiple tests, and compared with the result obtained by calculation of the pulse radio frequency interference compatibility evaluation method of the satellite navigation receiver, the difference value is distributed in a large amount at 1dB or below, and the difference value is partially distributed at 1-2.5 dB;
it can be known that, compared with the evaluation by using the ITU model in the prior art, the method for evaluating the compatibility of the pulsed radio frequency interference of the satellite navigation receiver according to the embodiment can effectively reduce errors, and further, in an application scene with a higher repetition frequency, under the condition that the evaluation model and the optimization method are not changed, the effect of improving the evaluation errors can be achieved only by resetting and correcting the fitting values in the influence factors according to a specific scene.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A pulse radio frequency interference compatibility evaluation method of a satellite navigation receiver is characterized by comprising the following steps: the evaluation method comprises the following steps:
s1: influencing factor alpha for defining pulse repetition frequency PRF Said influence factor α PRF Representing the carrier-to-noise ratio with respect to the integral cleaning frequency of the receiver as f d Correction amount of time-to-noise ratio;
s2: according to the influence factor alpha PRF Equivalent duty ratio PDC of correction saturation type receiver eff1 Equivalent duty cycle PDC for blanking type receiver eff2 ；
S3: correcting the effective carrier-to-noise ratio of the saturated receiver according to the corrected equivalent duty ratio of the saturated receiver;
s4: correcting the effective carrier-to-noise ratio of the blanking type receiver according to the corrected equivalent duty ratio of the blanking type receiver;
step S1, the specific formula expression of the influence factor is as follows:
in the formula: PRF denotes pulse repetition frequency; beta represents an index value, and is determined according to an actual measurement value;
beta is 0.1;
s2, equivalent duty ratio PDC of the saturated receiver eff1 The concrete formula is as follows:
PDC eff1 ＝PDC LIM α PRF
in the formula: PDC (polycrystalline diamond compact) LIM Representing an aggregate duty cycle of a plurality of saturated radio frequency pulses;
s2, the equivalent duty ratio PDC of the hidden receiver is eliminated eff2 The concrete formula is as follows:
PDC eff2 ＝PDC B α PRF
in the formula: PDC (polycrystalline diamond compact) B A duty cycle representing an aggregate impulse interference that exceeds a threshold;
step S3, the effective carrier-to-noise ratio of the saturated receiver is as follows:
in the formula:
c: carrier power of satellite navigation signals;
N 0,EFF : an effective noise power;
N 0 : the thermal noise power spectral density of the receiver is given by: W/Hz;
I 0,WB : the unit of the power spectrum density of the continuous radio frequency interference in the signal broadband of the receiver is as follows: W/Hz;
R I : a ratio of an average power density of aggregate impulse disturbances below a saturation threshold to N0;
N LIM : the ratio of the saturation level of the receiver analog-to-digital converter to the thermal noise 1 σ voltage;
step S3, the effective carrier-to-noise ratio of the blanking type receiver is as follows:
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