CN110401455A - Wireless drilling measuring system polarisation channel decoding method based on Gray code structure - Google Patents
Wireless drilling measuring system polarisation channel decoding method based on Gray code structure Download PDFInfo
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- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
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- H03M13/03—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words
- H03M13/05—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using block codes, i.e. a predetermined number of check bits joined to a predetermined number of information bits
- H03M13/13—Linear codes
- H03M13/15—Cyclic codes, i.e. cyclic shifts of codewords produce other codewords, e.g. codes defined by a generator polynomial, Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem [BCH] codes
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Abstract
The wireless drilling measuring system polarisation channel coding method based on Gray code structure that the invention discloses a kind of, this method comprises: constructing polarisation channel coding method according to the structure of Gray code, then this coding method is used in the channel coding module of wireless drilling measuring system downhole instrument；A kind of successive elimination list (SCL) decoding algorithm is designed according to the channel coding method of downhole instrument, is then applied to the algorithm in the decoding module of wireless drilling measuring system ground instrument, restores underground and sends data.Advantage of the process is that the polarisation channel coding method due to construction possesses the structure of Gray code, there is better error performance than common polarization code, the potential of polarization code is further excited, the bit error rate of wireless drilling measuring system is effectively reduced, improves the reliability of system.
Description
Technical field
It is specifically a kind of to be based on Gray code structure the present invention relates to the drilling measuring technologies such as petroleum, natural gas, coal mine field
Wireless drilling measuring system polarisation channel coding method.
Background technique
Wireless drilling measuring system data transfer mode includes mud-pulse, electromagnetic wave and sound wave.Wireless drilling measurement system
System is divided into downhole instrument and ground instrument two parts, and wherein downhole instrument mainly includes sensor module, channel coding, modulation mould
Block and power amplifier；Ground instrument mainly includes signal conditioning module, signal processing module, demodulation module and decoding module.
The system prevailing transmission underground engineering parameter and geologic parameter, the data volume that underground sends information is less, and it is logical to send data code length
It is often shorter.Using effective channel coding method, the bit error rate of data transmission is reduced, for improving wireless drilling measuring system
Anti-interference ability and reliability are of great significance.
Polarization code be in channel-polarization theoretical basis, transmitted using K Reliability Channel in N number of channel information and
It is filled on remaining unreliable channel using all known fix information (usually 0) of receiving-transmitting sides.In receiving end, initially make
It is decoded with serial (SC) algorithm of offsetting.Due to the error performance and not ideal enough of SC decoding, scholars propose confidence level
Propagate (BP) decoding algorithm, linear programming (LP) decoding algorithm etc..These algorithms achieve certain coding gain, but gain is still
It is so not obvious enough.
In order to promote the bit error rate performance of Polar code, scholars improve SC algorithm, thereby produce serial counteracting
List (SCL) decoding algorithm, and successive elimination list (CA-SCL) decoding with redundancy (CRC) verification is proposed on this basis
Algorithm.The it is proposed of CA-SCL algorithm obtains polarization code and traditional linear block codes, Turbo code in certain specific code lengths
Compare quite or even more preferably error performance with LDPC code, but when using this CA-SCL algorithm pole in the case of code length is very short
Change the error performance that code is still not so good as traditional linear block codes.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that for current wireless drilling measuring system communication channel, there are very noisies
Interference signal, ground instrument receiver are difficult to correctly restore the technological deficiency of down-hole information, are based on Gray code structure using one kind
Wireless drilling measuring system polarisation channel coding method solve the above problems.
The present invention solves its technical problem, the used wireless drilling measuring system polarisation channel based on Gray code structure
Decoding method, comprising the following steps:
S1, a kind of special polarisation channel coding method is constructed with the structure of Gray code, and by this channel coding method
Applied to carrying out coding work in the channel coding module of wireless drilling measuring system downhole instrument, the polarisation channel coding method
It specifically includes the following steps:
S11, the full 0 sequence v in length S=32S12 information bit position AIThe middle information sequence that length K=12 is added
Arrange μK, by sequence vSThe information 0 of corresponding position covers, wherein information bit location sets AI=12,14,15,16,20,22,
23,24,28,30,31,32}；
S12, according to formulaThe encoder matrix G of polarization code when calculating code length N=88, wherein N=2n,For the n times Kronecker product of matrix F；
S13, the sequence switching matrix G according to interleaver (2,5,4,3,6,7,1,8)8The sequence of column vector, obtains matrix
G8'；
S14, according to matrix in block formConstruct encoder matrix GS；
S15, according to formula xS=vS·GSTo sequence vSIt is encoded, then deletes sequence xSRear eight information, obtain
The information x to be sent of length N=24N, the wherein v in this step S15SFor in step S11 by information sequence μKCarry out corresponding covering
V afterwardsS；
S2, will SCL algorithm corresponding with step previous step channel coding method applied to wireless drilling measuring system
In the decoding module of face instrument, to be decoded to the information that decoding module receives.
Further, the wireless drilling measuring system polarisation channel decoding method of the invention based on Gray code structure
In, the SCL algorithm in S2 specifically includes the following steps:
S21, Selecting All Parameters L are the road strength division quantity at most allowed, initialize current decoding path l=1, initialization is translated
The path metric value PM=0 in code path decodes l all decoding paths using a kind of corresponding SC algorithm；
S22, when decoding proceeds to leaf node, if the corresponding position of nodeThen to current all l paths
According to recurrence formulaIts PM value is updated, leaf node corresponds to y-bend in SC decoding algorithm
The node that depth is n is set,When expression proceeds to j-th of decoding positionThe path metric value of paths, LjIndicate that SC is calculated
LLR value when j-th of leaf node is decoded in method, i.e.,
S23, when decoding proceeds to leaf node, if the corresponding position j ∈ A of nodeI, then existing l item is decoded into road
Diameter replicates once completely, by each decoding path in current l pathsSplitting into decoding result isWith
Two paths, and according to recurrence formulaWith
The PM value of this two paths is calculated, while increases l and being original twice, select to have in this 2L paths if l=2L at this time
There are the L paths of smaller PM value to retain, and deletes remaining L paths, while current path item number l being made to be reduced to L；Wherein,
Path after indicating division；
After S24, decoding, selection has the path of minimum PM value in last L pathsIts corresponding is translated
Code resultIt is exported as final decoding result.
Further, the wireless drilling measuring system polarisation channel decoding method of the invention based on Gray code structure
In, in step S21, SC algorithm is specifically included the following steps:
S211,2 are spaced from left to right to S in i-th layer of binary tree nodesn-iIt is divided into 2iGroup uses symbol Mi,jIndicate i-th
Jth group node in layer, by Mi,jM-th of node in group is denoted asMi,jLeft side 2 in groupn-i-1K-th of section in a node
Point is denoted asRight side 2n-i-1K-th of node in a node is denoted asIt is used in combinationIndicate nodeIn LLR value,
Wherein n=log2S, i=0,1 ..., n, j desirable value are 1,2 ..., 2i, k=1,2 ..., 2n-i-1, m=1,2 ..., 2n-i；
S212, by the information y of the length N=24 receivedNAccording to definition
Processing obtains the log-likelihood ratio in y-bend root vertex, wherein P (xS=0 | yj) and P (xS=1 | yj) respectively indicate known connect
The information for receiving j-th of position is yjUnder conditions of j-th coding after informationFor 0 and be 1 probability, when j ∈ (N, S] when
Since decoder can not receive information yj, therefore, it is considered that
S213, according to recurrence formulaWithAnd step
M in rapid S2120,1N × S LLR value of remaining all 2S-2 group node is calculated in the LLR value of S node in group node,
Middle f (a, b)=sign (ab) min (| a |, | b |), (a, b, c)=(- 1) gcA+b,
S214, step S213 is executed, when the LLR value of leaf node is arrived in calculatingAfterwards, according to formulaIt carries out hard decision and obtains the decoding result of j-th of positionWithIndicate nodeU value, whereinThe u value of leaf node is equal to the decoding of the position as a result, i.e.Its
The u value of remaining node is according to recurrence formulaWithIt calculates；
S215, step S213 is executed, arrives M when calculating2,4The LLR value of group nodeAfterwards, it is handed over according to solution
The sequence for knitting device (7,1,4,3,2,5,6,8) exchanges these LLR values.
Further, the wireless drilling measuring system polarisation channel decoding method of the invention based on Gray code structure
In,Meet recurrence formula
Implement the wireless drilling measuring system polarisation channel decoding method of the invention based on Gray code structure, have with
Down the utility model has the advantages that the present invention possesses the structure of Gray code due to the polarisation channel coding method of construction, have than common polarization code
There is better error performance, further excite the potential of polarization code, effectively reduces the bit error rate of wireless drilling measuring system,
Improve the reliability of system.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples, in attached drawing:
Fig. 1 is a kind of wireless drilling measuring system polarisation channel coding method signal based on Gray code structure of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 is that polarization code of the present invention decodes basic structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is present invention polarization code coding/decoding structure chart；
Fig. 4 is the polarization code and code length N=32 of Gray code of the present invention construction, and K=16 is using CA-SCL algorithm polarization code
Error performance comparison diagram.
Specific embodiment
For a clearer understanding of the technical characteristics, objects and effects of the present invention, now control attached drawing is described in detail
A specific embodiment of the invention.
It is as shown in Figure 1 a kind of wireless drilling measuring system polarisation channel coding method based on Gray code structure of the present invention
Schematic diagram, this method construct a kind of polarisation channel coding method according to the structure of Gray code；Then according to this polarisation channel
Coding method designs a kind of successive elimination list (SCL) decoding algorithm；The polarisation channel that finally this Gray code structure is constructed
Coding method applies to the coding module of wireless drilling measuring system downhole instrument, and this special SCL algorithm is applied to nothing
The decoding module of line measurement-while-drilling system ground instrument.
Wherein specific step is as follows for polarisation channel coding method:
S11, the full 0 sequence v in length S=32S12 information bit position AIThe middle information sequence that length K=12 is added
Arrange μK, and by sequence vSThe information 0 of corresponding position covers；
Wherein information bit location sets AI={ 12,14,15,16,20,22,23,24,28,30,31,32 }.
S12, according to formulaThe encoder matrix G of polarization code when calculating code length N=88；
Wherein N=2n,For the n times Kronecker product of matrix F, meet recurrence formula
S13, the sequence switching matrix G according to interleaver (2,5,4,3,6,7,1,8)8The sequence of column vector obtains matrix G8'；
S14, according to matrix in block formConstruct encoder matrix GS；
S15, according to formula xS=vS·GSTo sequence vSIt is encoded, then deletes sequence xSRear eight information, obtain
The information x to be sent of length N=24N.The wherein v in this step S15SFor in step S11 by information sequence μKCarry out corresponding covering
V afterwardsS。
Specific step is as follows for SCL algorithm:
S21, Selecting All Parameters L are the road strength division quantity at most allowed, initialize current decoding path l=1, initialization is translated
The path metric value PM=0 in code path decodes l all decoding paths using a kind of successive elimination (SC) algorithm；
S22, when decoding proceeds to leaf node, if the corresponding position of nodeThen to current all l paths
According to recurrence formulaUpdate its PM value；
Its leaf node corresponds to the node of Depth of Binary Tree deep=n in SC decoding algorithm,Expression proceeds to j-th
The when decoding positionThe path metric value of paths, LjIndicate LLR value when being decoded to j-th of leaf node in SC algorithm, i.e.,
S23, when decoding proceeds to leaf node, if the corresponding position j ∈ A of nodeI, then existing l item is decoded into road
Diameter replicates once completely, by each decoding path in current l pathsSplitting into decoding result isWith
Two paths, and according to recurrence formulaWithMeter
The PM value of this two paths is calculated, while increases l and being original twice, select to have in this 2L paths if l=2L at this time
The L paths of smaller PM value retain, and delete remaining L paths, while current path item number l being made to be reduced to L；
After S24, decoding, selection has the path of minimum PM value in last L pathsIts corresponding is translated
Code resultIt is exported as final decoding result.
Wherein in step S21, SC algorithm is carried out according to basic decoding architecture as shown in Figure 2, wherein the depth of binary tree
Deep at most takes n, the specific steps are as follows:
S211,2 are spaced from left to right to S in i-th layer of binary tree nodesn-iIt is divided into 2iGroup uses symbol Mi,jIndicate i-th
Jth group node in layer, by Mi,jM-th of node in group is denoted asMi,jLeft side 2 in groupn-i-1K-th of section in a node
Point is denoted asRight side 2n-i-1K-th of node in a node is denoted asIt is used in combinationIndicate nodeIn LLR value；
Wherein n=log2S, i desirable value is 0,1 ..., and n, j desirable value is 1,2 ..., 2i, k desirable value is 1,
2,…,2n-i-1, m desirable value is 1,2 ..., 2n-i。
Particularly, as i=n, j desirable value is 1,2 ..., and S, k is not present, and m can only take 1.
S212, by the information y of the length N=24 receivedNAccording to definition
Processing obtains the log-likelihood ratio (LLR) in y-bend root vertex (node of depth deep=0)；
Wherein P (xS=0 | yj) and P (xS=1 | yj) to respectively indicate the known information for receiving j-th of position be yjCondition
Information after lower j-th of codingFor 0 and be 1 probability.
Particularly, when j ∈ (N, S] when information y can not be received due to decoderj, therefore, it is considered that
S213, according to recurrence formulaWithAnd step
M in rapid S3120,1N × S LLR value of remaining all 2S-2 group node is calculated in the LLR value of S node in group node.
Wherein f (a, b)=sign (ab) min (| a |, | b |), (a, b, c)=(- 1) gcA+b,
S214, step S213 is executed, when the LLR value of leaf node (node of depth deep=n) is arrived in calculatingAfterwards, according to
FormulaIt carries out hard decision and obtains the decoding result of j-th of positionWithIt indicates
NodeU value；
WhereinThe u value of leaf node is equal to the decoding of the position as a result, i.e.Remaining
The u value of node is according to recurrence formulaWithIt calculates.
When depth is i,2 in group noden-iA u value can not have to calculate, and need to calculate 2S-n-2 group section altogether
NS-S+1 u value of point.
S215, step S213 is executed, arrives M when calculating2,4The LLR value of group nodeAfterwards, it is handed over according to solution
The sequence for knitting device (7,1,4,3,2,5,6,8) exchanges these LLR values.
It is illustrated in figure 3 a kind of polarization code coding/decoding structure chart, wherein the method along arrow is a kind of spy in the present invention
Different SC decoding algorithm structure chart, the direction against arrow are a kind of special polarisation channel coding method, top in the present invention
It is the information position A of polarization code in the present invention that gray color scale, which goes out,I, need to mark lower section black in position after end-of-encode
Information deletion, dotted line frame be an intertexture-deinterleaver π.
In coding structure figureIt indicates to execute XOR operation, " " does not execute any operation；In decoding architecture figure" " respectively indicates the operation f (a, b) and operation g (a, b, c) executed in S213.
It is illustrated in figure 4 the polarization code and code length N=32 of Gray code construction of the present invention, K=16 uses CA-SCL algorithm pole
Change the error performance comparison diagram of code.
It is as shown in phantom in Figure 4 wherein the characteristic curve of error code of the polarization code of Gray code of the present invention construction；Such as reality in Fig. 4
Line show code length N=32, and information sequence length K=16 uses the error performance of CA-SCL algorithm polarization code.
It can be seen from the figure that other than using certain signal-to-noise ratio situations of SC algorithm and parameter L=2, this Gray
The polarization code of code construction all has better error performance.
With the increase of parameter L, advantage of the polarization code of this Gray code construction on error performance is more and more obvious, when
When L=16, this polarization code constructed with Gray code has had the nearly coding gain of 0.6dB (error code situation 10-3).
The embodiment of the present invention is described with above attached drawing, but the invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific
Embodiment, the above mentioned embodiment is only schematical, rather than restrictive, those skilled in the art
Under the inspiration of the present invention, without breaking away from the scope protected by the purposes and claims of the present invention, it can also make very much
Form, all of these belong to the protection of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of wireless drilling measuring system polarisation channel decoding method based on Gray code structure, which is characterized in that including
Following steps:
S1, a kind of special polarisation channel coding method is constructed with the structure of Gray code, and by this channel coding method application
Coding work is carried out in the channel coding module of wireless drilling measuring system downhole instrument, the polarisation channel coding method is specific
It comprises the following steps:
S11, the full 0 sequence v in length S=32S12 information bit position AIThe middle information sequence μ that length K=12 is addedK,
With by sequence vSThe information 0 of corresponding position covers, wherein information bit location sets AI=12,14,15,16,20,22,23,
24,28,30,31,32}；
S12, according to formulaThe encoder matrix G of polarization code when calculating code length N=88, wherein N=2n, For the n times Kronecker product of matrix F；
S13, the sequence switching matrix G according to interleaver (2,5,4,3,6,7,1,8)8The sequence of column vector obtains matrix G8'；
S14, according to matrix in block formConstruct encoder matrix GS；
S15, according to formula xS=vS·GSTo sequence vSIt is encoded, then deletes sequence xSRear eight information, obtain length N
=24 information x to be sentN, the wherein v in this step S15SFor in step S11 by information sequence μKAfter carrying out corresponding covering
vS；
S2, SCL algorithm corresponding with step previous step channel coding method is applied to wireless drilling measuring system ground instrument
In the decoding module of device, to be decoded to the information that decoding module receives.
2. the wireless drilling measuring system polarisation channel decoding method according to claim 1 based on Gray code structure,
It is characterized in that, the SCL algorithm in S2 specifically includes the following steps:
S21, Selecting All Parameters L are the road strength division quantity at most allowed, initialize current decoding path l=1, initialization decoding road
The path metric value PM=0 of diameter decodes l all decoding paths using a kind of corresponding SC algorithm；
S22, when decoding proceeds to leaf node, if the corresponding position of nodeThen to current all l paths according to
Recurrence formulaIts PM value is updated, it is deep that leaf node corresponds to binary tree in SC decoding algorithm
Degree is the node of n,When expression proceeds to j-th of decoding positionThe path metric value of paths, LjIt indicates in SC algorithm
It is decoded to LLR value when j-th of leaf node；
S23, when decoding proceeds to leaf node, if the corresponding position j ∈ A of nodeI, then existing l decoding path is complete
Duplication is primary, by each decoding path in current l pathsSplitting into decoding result isWithTwo
Path, and according to recurrence formulaWithCalculate this
The PM value of two paths, while increase l and being original twice, select to have in this 2L paths if l=2L at this time smaller
The L paths of PM value retain, and delete remaining L paths, while current path item number l being made to be reduced to L；Wherein,It indicates
Path after division；
After S24, decoding, selection has the path of minimum PM value in last L pathsIts corresponding decoding is tied
FruitIt is exported as final decoding result.
3. the wireless drilling measuring system polarisation channel decoding method according to claim 2 based on Gray code structure,
It is characterized in that, SC algorithm specifically includes the following steps in step S21:
S211,2 are spaced from left to right to S in i-th layer of binary tree nodesn-iIt is divided into 2iGroup uses symbol Mi,jIt indicates in i-th layer
Jth group node, by Mi,jM-th of node in group is denoted asMi,jLeft side 2 in groupn-i-1K-th of node note in a node
ForRight side 2n-i-1K-th of node in a node is denoted asIt is used in combinationIndicate nodeIn LLR value, wherein
N=log2S, i=0,1 ..., n, j desirable value are 1,2 ..., 2i, k=1,2 ..., 2n-i-1, m=1,2 ..., 2n-i；
S212, by the information y of the length N=24 receivedNAccording to definitionPlace
Reason obtains the log-likelihood ratio in y-bend root vertex, wherein P (xS=0 | yj) and P (xS=1 | yj) respectively indicate known reception
Information to j-th of position is yjUnder conditions of j-th coding after informationFor 0 and be 1 probability, when j ∈ (N, S] when by
Information y can not be received in decoderj, therefore, it is considered that
S213, according to recurrence formulaWithAnd step
M in S2120,1N × S LLR value of remaining all 2S-2 group node is calculated, wherein f in the LLR value of S node in group node
(a, b)=sign (ab) min (| a |, | b |), (a, b, c)=(- 1) gcA+b,
S214, step S213 is executed, when the LLR value of leaf node is arrived in calculatingAfterwards, according to formulaIt carries out hard decision and obtains the decoding result of j-th of positionWithIndicate nodeU value, whereinThe u value of leaf node is equal to the decoding of the position as a result, i.e.Its
The u value of remaining node is according to recurrence formulaWithIt calculates；
S215, step S213 is executed, arrives M when calculating2,4The LLR value of group nodeAfterwards, according to deinterleaver
(7,1,4,3,2,5,6,8) sequence exchanges these LLR values.
4. the wireless drilling measuring system polarisation channel decoding method according to claim 2 based on Gray code structure,
It is characterized in that, in step S12,Meet recurrence formula
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