CN110384468B - Capsule endoscope - Google Patents
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- CN110384468B CN110384468B CN201910480286.0A CN201910480286A CN110384468B CN 110384468 B CN110384468 B CN 110384468B CN 201910480286 A CN201910480286 A CN 201910480286A CN 110384468 B CN110384468 B CN 110384468B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00147—Holding or positioning arrangements
- A61B1/00156—Holding or positioning arrangements using self propulsion
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/04—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
- A61B1/041—Capsule endoscopes for imaging
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/12—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves in body cavities or body tracts, e.g. by using catheters
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a capsule endoscope and a working method thereof, wherein the capsule endoscope comprises a capsule endoscope body, a generating device and an ultrasonic functional component; the generating device is arranged on the shell of the capsule endoscope body and used for controlling the running speed of the capsule endoscope; an ultrasonic functional component is arranged at one end of a shell of the capsule endoscope body and comprises a driving mechanism, an ultrasonic probe, a first cavity and a second cavity; the ultrasonic probe is fixedly arranged in the second cavity, and the first cavity is communicated with the second cavity; two ends of the second cavity, which are adjacent to the inner wall of the gastrointestinal tract, are provided with elastic membranes; the driving mechanism pushes the solution in the first cavity to enter the second cavity, and the elastic membrane expands to be attached to the inner wall of the gastrointestinal tract of the human body, so that ultrasonic scanning of the ultrasonic probe is realized. The invention controls the moving speed of the capsule endoscope through the generating device, and simultaneously can control the working time of the ultrasonic functional component, thereby improving the diagnosis accuracy of doctors.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a capsule endoscope.
Background
The capsule endoscope is used as a non-invasive examination means, is safe and efficient, greatly widens the scope of endoscope detection while reducing the pain of a patient, and particularly obtains milestone improvement in the field of small intestine examination. With the development of capsule endoscopy, various related products with special application, such as esophageal capsule endoscopy, colon capsule endoscopy, unobstructed capsule endoscopy and the like, develop rapidly.
Although there are many advantages of capsule endoscopy compared with the traditional gastrointestinal tract examination method, there still exist many defects in the practical clinical application process, and the most important are the following:
the capsule endoscope moves passively, mainly depending on gastrointestinal peristalsis, and the moving speed is determined by the specific conditions of a tested human body;
secondly, the position and direction information of the capsule endoscope in a human body are difficult to accurately determine, so that the position and the size of a focus cannot be judged, the focus is judged only by the experience of a doctor, and misdiagnosis is easy to cause;
thirdly, the capsule endoscope is irreversible in the process of photographing the inner wall of the gastrointestinal tract, and the suspected focus cannot be confirmed repeatedly, so that some important disease information is omitted;
and fourthly, only pictures of the inner wall of the gastrointestinal tract can be obtained, the hierarchical structure of the focus cannot be accurately judged, and the patient's condition is wrongly judged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a capsule endoscope.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a capsule endoscope comprises a capsule endoscope body, a generating device and an ultrasonic functional assembly; the generating device is arranged on the shell of the capsule endoscope body and is used for controlling the running speed of the capsule endoscope; an ultrasonic functional component is arranged at one end of a shell of the capsule endoscope body and comprises a driving mechanism, an ultrasonic probe, a first cavity and a second cavity; the ultrasonic probe is fixedly arranged in the second cavity, and the first cavity is communicated with the second cavity; elastic films are arranged at two ends of the second cavity, which are adjacent to the inner wall of the gastrointestinal tract; the driving mechanism pushes the solution in the first cavity to enter the second cavity, and the elastic membrane expands to be attached to the inner wall of the gastrointestinal tract of the human body, so that ultrasonic scanning of the ultrasonic probe is realized.
Further, the driving mechanism comprises a microcomputer control device and a piston, the piston is positioned in the first cavity, and the solution in the first cavity is positioned on one side of the piston; a rotating shaft of the microcomputer control device extends into the first cavity; the piston is movably matched with the rotating shaft and moves along the rotating shaft in the direction close to or far away from the ultrasonic probe.
Furthermore, the two ends of the second cavity are provided with first cavities, and a rotating shaft of the microcomputer control device penetrates through the second cavity.
Furthermore, a pressure control assembly is arranged in the microcomputer control device, and the pressure control assembly controls the joint pressure of the elastic membrane and the inner wall of the gastrointestinal tract.
Furthermore, the ultrasonic functional assembly also comprises a shell, and the microcomputer control device is positioned in the shell; the first cavity at one end of the second cavity is connected with one end of the shell of the capsule endoscope body, and the first cavity at the other end is connected with the shell.
Further, the generating device is an infrared generating device or a pulse generating device; the ultrasonic probe is a 360-degree view field probe and is in a cylindrical annular array or a mechanical rotary scanning type.
Further, the solution in the first cavity is water or oil with acoustic impedance close to that of the human body.
Furthermore, the elastic membrane is made of rubber.
Further, the capsule endoscope body is arranged at the front end of the running direction of the capsule endoscope.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the capsule endoscope body, the generating device and the ultrasonic functional assembly are matched for use, and the moving speed of the capsule endoscope is controlled by controlling the gastrointestinal peristalsis frequency through the generating device, so that the detection time can be effectively shortened, and the detection efficiency is improved; the invention can control the working time of the ultrasonic functional component so as to carry out repeated multi-angle detection, improve the diagnosis accuracy of doctors and effectively avoid the waste of unnecessary resources;
secondly, the elastic membrane is tightly attached to the inner wall of the gastrointestinal tract through a driving mechanism, so that the quality of scanned images is improved;
a pressure control assembly is arranged in the micromotor control device, and the pressure control assembly controls the attaching pressure of the elastic membrane and the inner wall of the gastrointestinal tract, so that the quality of a scanned image is ensured, and unnecessary damage to a human body caused by improper pressure when the elastic membrane is attached to the inner wall of the gastrointestinal tract is avoided;
and fourthly, adjusting the ultrasonic scanning time according to the preset size or the size of the pathological change part judged by a doctor, and ensuring that the suspected pathological change part can be completely scanned in place.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a view showing the structure of a capsule endoscope according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a structure view of the elastic membrane attached to the inner wall of the gastrointestinal tract.
In the figure: 101 capsule endoscope body, 102 generating device, 104 elastic membrane, 105 ultrasonic probe, 106 microcomputer control device, 107 piston, 108 ultrasonic functional component, 109 first cavity, 110 second cavity, 111 shell, 201 gastrointestinal tract inner wall.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto:
as shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a capsule endoscope, which includes a capsule endoscope body 101, a generating device 102 and an ultrasonic functional component 108, wherein the generating device 102 is disposed on a casing of the capsule endoscope body 101 for controlling a running speed of the capsule endoscope. An ultrasonic functional component 108 is arranged at one end of the shell of the capsule endoscope body 101, and the ultrasonic functional component 108 comprises a driving mechanism, an ultrasonic probe 105, a first cavity 109 and a second cavity 110. The ultrasonic probe 105 is fixedly disposed in the second cavity 110, and the first cavity 109 is communicated with the second cavity 110. The second cavity 110 is provided with elastic membranes 104 at two ends adjacent to the gastrointestinal tract inner wall 201. The driving mechanism pushes the solution in the first cavity 109 into the second cavity 110, and the elastic membrane 104 expands to be attached to the inner wall 201 of the gastrointestinal tract of the human body so as to realize the ultrasonic scanning of the ultrasonic probe 105. Wherein, capsule scope body 101 is conventional capsule scope, and this embodiment uses capsule scope body 101 cooperation generating device 102 and supersound functional component 108, controls capsule scope functioning speed through generating device 102, can control the operating time of supersound functional component 108 simultaneously.
In the use process of the initial stage, the ultrasonic probe 105 does not work by default, the capsule endoscope enters the gastrointestinal tract and then is judged by different people or doctors, the signal energy and the transmitting frequency of the generating device 102 are adjusted, the gastrointestinal tract peristalsis frequency is adjusted, the running speed of the capsule endoscope is indirectly adjusted, and the adjusting parameters are determined according to the specific conditions of patients, so that unnecessary damage to the human body is avoided, the detection time is effectively shortened, and the detection efficiency is improved. The suspected lesion position is determined through real-time observation or presetting, and related preset pictures and real-time shot pictures can be compared in a control system for finding the suspected lesion, or the doctor directly carries out real-time monitoring to judge. When a suspected lesion is found, the generating device 102 is manually or automatically switched off, the gastrointestinal motility frequency is reduced, and the moving speed of the capsule endoscope is reduced. After the generating device 102 is cut off, the operating speed of the capsule endoscope is reduced, and the ultrasonic functional component 108 starts to work, so that the working time of the ultrasonic functional component 108 can be controlled, repeated multi-angle detection can be performed, the diagnosis accuracy of a doctor is improved, and the waste of unnecessary resources is effectively avoided.
The driving mechanism comprises a micro-motor control device 106 and a piston 107, the piston 107 is positioned in a first cavity 109 and is in sealing fit with the inner wall of the first cavity 109, the solution in the first cavity 109 is positioned at one side of the piston 107, and the solution can enter a second cavity 110 at the same time. The shaft of the microcomputer control device 106 extends into the first cavity 109. The piston 107 is movably fitted to and sealingly fitted to the rotary shaft, and the piston 107 moves in a direction toward or away from the ultrasonic probe 105 along the rotary shaft. The first cavity 109 is disposed at both ends of the second cavity 110, and therefore, the piston 107 is disposed at both ends of the second cavity 110. To connect the pistons 107 at both ends of the second chamber 110, the axis of rotation of the micro-motor control device 106 passes through the second chamber 110.
After the ultrasonic functional component 108 starts to work, the micro-motor control device 106 is firstly turned on, the rotating shaft of the micro-motor control device 106 rotates in the forward direction, the pistons 107 at the left end and the right end of the second cavity 110 are driven to move in the direction close to the ultrasonic probe 105 along the rotating shaft, and the pistons 107 at the left end and the right end are closed. The solution in the first cavity 109 is injected into the second cavity 110 containing the ultrasonic probe 105 by squeezing, and the elastic membrane 104 is forced to expand outwards under the pressure of the liquid until it is tightly attached to the inner wall 201 of the gastrointestinal tract.
The microcomputer control device 106 is internally provided with a pressure control assembly which controls the joint pressure of the elastic membrane 104 and the gastrointestinal tract inner wall 201, so that the scanning image quality is ensured, unnecessary damage to a human body caused by pressure discomfort when the elastic membrane 104 is jointed with the gastrointestinal tract inner wall 201 is avoided, and the pressure of the elastic membrane 104 and the gastrointestinal tract inner wall 201 is determined according to the specification of a patient. Fig. 2 shows the final configuration of the flexible membrane 104 after it has been expanded outwardly to conform to the inner wall 201 of the gastrointestinal tract.
After the elastic membrane 104 is attached to the inner wall 201 of the gastrointestinal tract with proper pressure, the ultrasonic probe 105 is opened to carry out ultrasonic scanning detection to obtain an ultrasonic scanning image of the lesion part, the ultrasonic scanning time can be adjusted according to the preset or doctor judgment of the size of the lesion part, the suspected lesion part can be completely scanned in place, and excessive resource waste is avoided. After the set detection time or distance is reached, the ultrasonic functional component 108 can be manually or automatically switched off, and the scanning is finished. After the scanning is finished, the rotating shaft of the micro-motor control device 106 rotates reversely to drive the pistons 107 at the left end and the right end of the second cavity 110 to move in the direction away from the ultrasonic probe 105 along the rotating shaft, the pistons 107 at the left end and the right end are separated, the second cavity 110 releases pressure, meanwhile, liquid is enabled to flow back under the action of the elastic force of the elastic membrane 104, and the capsule endoscope is restored to the original state. At this time, the generating device 102 is started to control the moving speed of the capsule endoscope in the gastrointestinal tract, the previous detection steps are repeated, and the capsule endoscope is removed from the body after all the detection is finished, so that the detection is finished.
The ultrasonic functional assembly 108 further includes a housing 111, and the microcomputer control device 106 is located within the housing 111. The first cavity 109 at one end of the second cavity 110 is connected with one end of the outer shell of the capsule endoscope body 101, and the first cavity 109 at the other end is connected with the shell 111. The capsule endoscope body 101 and the ultrasonic functional component 108 of the embodiment are assembled into a whole, and the capsule endoscope body 101 and the shell 111 are respectively located at the front end and the rear end. The generator 102 is an infrared generator or a pulse generator. The ultrasonic probe 105 is a 360-degree visual field probe, is in a cylindrical annular array or mechanical rotary scanning type, and can scan the diseased gastrointestinal tract inner wall 201 in multiple directions and multiple angles. The solution in the first chamber 109 is water or oil with acoustic impedance close to that of the human body. The elastic membrane 104 is made of rubber. In order to ensure that the capsule endoscope smoothly enters the human body, the capsule endoscope body 101 is arranged at the front end of the capsule endoscope in the running direction.
The working method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1: adjusting the signal energy and the emission frequency of the generating device, adjusting the gastrointestinal peristalsis frequency and controlling the running speed of the capsule endoscope;
s2: after the suspected disease displacement is determined through real-time observation or presetting, the generating device is cut off, the gastrointestinal peristalsis frequency is reduced, and the capsule endoscope moving speed is reduced;
s3: the micro-motor control device is started while the generating device is cut off, the micro-motor control device rotates in the forward direction to drive the pistons at the two ends of the second cavity to move in the direction close to the ultrasonic probe along the rotating shaft of the micro-motor control device, the piston extrudes the solution in the first cavity into the second cavity, and the elastic membrane of the second cavity expands and is attached to the inner wall of the gastrointestinal tract; the pressure control assembly in the microcomputer control device controls the attaching pressure of the elastic force and the inner wall of the gastrointestinal tract;
s4: starting an ultrasonic probe for scanning detection, and closing the ultrasonic probe after the set scanning time or distance is reached;
s5: the micromotor control device rotates reversely to drive the pistons at the two ends of the second cavity to move along the direction of the rotational axis of the micromotor control device away from the ultrasonic probe, liquid in the second cavity flows back to the first cavity under the action of elastic force of the elastic film, and the capsule endoscope recovers the original state;
s6: and starting the generating device and repeating the steps.
The capsule endoscope comprises a capsule endoscope body and an ultrasonic functional assembly, wherein the ultrasonic functional assembly comprises a microcomputer control device, a piston, an ultrasonic probe, a first cavity and a second cavity. Wherein, the capsule endoscope body is a conventional capsule endoscope. After the capsule endoscope enters the gastrointestinal tract of a human body, the capsule endoscope body works and the ultrasonic functional component does not work at first, the direction that the capsule endoscope enters the gastrointestinal tract is that the capsule endoscope body is in front, and the ultrasonic functional component is behind. And the running speed of the capsule endoscope body in the gastrointestinal tract of a human body is adjustable, and the ultrasonic functional component is started to carry out ultrasonic detection when suspected lesion is found.
In step S1, the capsule endoscope enters the gastrointestinal tract, and the generator is adjusted according to the judgment of different people or doctors to adjust the gastrointestinal tract peristalsis frequency, so as to indirectly adjust the operating speed of the capsule endoscope, and the adjustment parameters are determined according to the specific conditions of the patient, thereby avoiding unnecessary damage to the human body. In step S2, the suspected lesion may be found by comparing a preset picture with a real-time picture in the control system or directly determining the lesion by real-time monitoring by a doctor. In step S3, during the operation of the ultrasonic functional component, the pressure between the elastic membrane and the inner wall of the gastrointestinal tract should be determined according to the specific condition of the patient, so as to avoid unnecessary damage to the human body. In step S4, the ultrasound scanning time may be adjusted according to the size of the lesion site preset or determined by the doctor, so as to ensure that the suspected lesion site can be scanned in place and avoid excessive resource waste.
While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that variations may be made in the embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, and such variations are to be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A capsule endoscope comprises a capsule endoscope body (101), and is characterized in that:
the ultrasonic generator also comprises a generating device (102) and an ultrasonic functional component (108);
the generating device (102) is arranged on the shell of the capsule endoscope body (101) and is used for controlling the running speed of the capsule endoscope;
an ultrasonic functional component (108) is arranged at one end of a shell of the capsule endoscope body (101), and the ultrasonic functional component (108) comprises a driving mechanism, an ultrasonic probe (105), a first cavity (109) and a second cavity (110); the ultrasonic probe (105) is fixedly arranged in the second cavity (110), and the first cavity (109) is communicated with the second cavity (110); two ends of the second cavity (110) adjacent to the inner wall (201) of the gastrointestinal tract are provided with elastic membranes (104); the driving mechanism pushes the solution in the first cavity (109) to enter the second cavity (110), and the elastic membrane (104) expands to be attached to the inner wall (201) of the gastrointestinal tract of the human body, so that the ultrasonic scanning of the ultrasonic probe (105) is realized;
the driving mechanism comprises a microcomputer control device (106) and a piston (107), the piston (107) is positioned in a first cavity (109), and the solution in the first cavity (109) is positioned on one side of the piston (107); the rotating shaft of the microcomputer control device (106) extends into the first cavity (109); the piston (107) is movably matched with the rotating shaft and moves along the rotating shaft in the direction close to or far away from the ultrasonic probe (105);
the two ends of the second cavity (110) are respectively provided with a first cavity (109), and a rotating shaft of the micro-motor control device (106) penetrates through the second cavity (110);
the solution in the first cavity (109) is water or oil with acoustic impedance close to that of the human body.
2. The capsule endoscope of claim 1, wherein: the microcomputer control device (106) is internally provided with a pressure control assembly, and the pressure control assembly controls the joint pressure of the elastic membrane (104) and the inner wall (201) of the gastrointestinal tract.
3. The capsule endoscope of claim 1, wherein: the ultrasonic functional assembly (108) further comprises a shell (111), and the micromotor control device (106) is positioned in the shell (111); the first cavity (109) at one end of the second cavity (110) is connected with one end of the shell of the capsule endoscope body (101), and the first cavity (109) at the other end is connected with the shell (111).
4. The capsule endoscope of claim 1, wherein: the generating device (102) is an infrared generating device or a pulse generating device; the ultrasonic probe (105) is a 360-degree view field probe and is in a cylindrical annular array or a mechanical rotation scanning type.
5. The capsule endoscope of claim 1, wherein: the elastic membrane (104) is made of rubber.
6. The capsule endoscope of claim 1, wherein: the capsule endoscope body (101) is arranged at the front end of the running direction of the capsule endoscope.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910480286.0A CN110384468B (en) | 2019-06-04 | 2019-06-04 | Capsule endoscope |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910480286.0A CN110384468B (en) | 2019-06-04 | 2019-06-04 | Capsule endoscope |
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| CN110384468A CN110384468A (en) | 2019-10-29 |
| CN110384468B true CN110384468B (en) | 2022-05-10 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116392130B (en) * | 2023-06-07 | 2023-09-08 | 广州思德医疗科技有限公司 | Esophageal manometry device |
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