CN110380514B - Intelligent substation relay protection secondary circuit fault diagnosis method - Google Patents
Intelligent substation relay protection secondary circuit fault diagnosis method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110380514B CN110380514B CN201910709596.5A CN201910709596A CN110380514B CN 110380514 B CN110380514 B CN 110380514B CN 201910709596 A CN201910709596 A CN 201910709596A CN 110380514 B CN110380514 B CN 110380514B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00001—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by the display of information or by user interaction, e.g. supervisory control and data acquisition systems [SCADA] or graphical user interfaces [GUI]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
- H02J13/00019—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using optical means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/20—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution using protection elements, arrangements or systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Monitoring And Testing Of Exchanges (AREA)
- Locating Faults (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent substations, in particular to a fault diagnosis method for a relay protection secondary circuit of an intelligent substation. When faults occur, normal elements are removed from each secondary circuit with suspicious faults by utilizing the intersection and overlapping characteristics of each virtual circuit and a circuit alarm and broken circuit alarm information table of the virtual circuit, and a suspicious element set of the secondary circuit is obtained. And finally, taking the element self-checking alarm as an evidence source, acquiring the reliability of the secondary circuit fault caused by each element, and realizing secondary circuit fault diagnosis. The invention can effectively carry out fault diagnosis on the relay protection secondary circuit in real time, reduces the fault troubleshooting amount, helps maintainers to quickly and accurately position faults, saves the operation and maintenance cost of the intelligent substation, and effectively improves the operation and maintenance efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent substations, in particular to a fault diagnosis method for relay protection secondary circuits of intelligent substations.
Background
The intelligent substation based on IEC61850 is a key link of the intelligent power grid, and achieves the intellectualization of in-station equipment, networking information transfer and standardization of a communication model. Currently, the configuration files (substation configuration description, SCD) of intelligent substations are able to describe substation information, but cannot explicitly describe virtual loops, and the mapping relationship between virtual loops and physical loops. When the relay protection secondary circuit of the intelligent substation breaks down, operation and maintenance personnel cannot efficiently determine the fault position, the fault checking workload is large, and long recovery power supply time can be caused. Therefore, the research on the fault diagnosis method of the relay protection secondary circuit of the intelligent substation has extremely important significance for operation and maintenance work of the intelligent substation.
At present, the fault diagnosis technology of primary equipment is mature, and the research on the fault diagnosis method of the relay protection secondary circuit is deficient, and an effective diagnosis method is hardly available.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention obtains a suspicious element set of the secondary circuit by establishing a circuit alarm and virtual circuit disconnection alarm information table, and when a fault occurs, removing normal elements for each suspicious fault secondary circuit by using the intersection and overlapping characteristics of each virtual circuit and the circuit alarm and virtual circuit disconnection alarm information table. Finally, the reliability of the secondary circuit faults caused by each element is obtained by taking the element self-checking alarm as an evidence source so as to determine the fault element.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical means:
according to the intelligent substation relay protection secondary circuit fault diagnosis method, firstly, the ExtRef element of the configuration file (SCD) is analyzed to obtain the connection relation between all intelligent devices, the visual function of a virtual circuit is realized, and the physical circuit model and the virtual circuit model of the intelligent substation and the mapping relation between the physical circuit model and the virtual circuit model are established.
Further, the virtual-real loop mapping method comprises the following steps:
(1) Analyzing an intelligent substation SCD file, and acquiring a physical Port identifier and an optical fiber (Cable) identifier connected with the physical Port contained in a Port field and a Cable field of the intelligent equipment to form a physical Port information table;
(2) Traversing all physical ports in the physical port information table, and forming a physical loop through optical fiber identification;
(3) And analyzing the intAddr field of the SCD file of the intelligent station to obtain the mapping between the physical loop and the virtual loop.
Further, the suspicious fault element set is identified, virtual loops of the intelligent substation may cross and overlap, and a certain element fault may cause a plurality of virtual loops to alarm at the same time. If a certain virtual loop has no alarm, the intersection and overlapping part of other loops which are intersected and overlapped with the virtual loop is normal, namely, normal elements on the secondary loop with suspicious faults are removed through the normal virtual loop, the fault range is reduced, and a suspicious fault element set is obtained. For example:
the following description will take table 1 as an example by establishing a virtual circuit disconnection warning information table. G in Table 1 ～G 4 For the virtual loops of four transformer substations, the communication alarm is 1 to indicate that the virtual loops are abnormal, and the communication alarm is 0 to indicate that the virtual loops are normal. A-D represent physical elements (merging units, protection devices, intelligent terminals and other intelligent devices or optical fibers and cables).
TABLE 1 virtual Loop disconnection warning information Table
If the virtual loop does not contain a certain element, the cell corresponding to the element is empty; if the virtual loop is abnormal, taking 1 from a physical element corresponding to the virtual loop; if the virtual circuit is normal, the physical element corresponding to the virtual circuit is taken as 0.
The element alarm value is calculated as follows: when a column of a physical element does not have 0, the element alarm value is equal to the sum of all 1's of the column, e.g., the element alarm value of column B is equal to the sum of 1's of the first row and the third row of the column, and the element alarm value is 2; when a physical element exists in a column with 0, the element alarm value is 0, for example, the fourth row of element column a has 0, which proves that element a is a normal element, so the element alarm value of a is 0.
Table 1 uses the virtual circuit disconnection warning information table to only exclude that the A element and the D element are fault-free, and can not determine whether the B element and the C element are fault, so that the suspicious fault element set is { B C }. Therefore, by establishing the broken line warning information table of the virtual circuit, the range of the suspicious fault elements can only be reduced, the suspicious fault element set is obtained, and the fault elements of the secondary circuit can not be accurately positioned.
Further, trust degree calculation is carried out on the secondary loop fault element:
(1) Defining the function m (A) as a trust function, and having the following properties: (1) m (Φ) =0; (2)The element self-checking alarm trust function generating method comprises the following steps:
(2) When a fault occurs, whether the relay protection device corresponding to a certain secondary loop is in refusal operation or misoperation is determined through analysis.
(3) Searching and counting the times of refusal operation (misoperation) caused by suspicious element sets (suspicious element sets are obtained by a virtual loop disconnection warning information table) of the relay protection device according to the power grid OMS system.
(4) And (3) calculating a trust function of a certain suspicious element, wherein the calculation method is shown in a formula (1).
By the element self-checking alarm trust function generating method, the trust function of each element self-checking alarm (evidence source) on each element in the suspicious fault element set can be obtained, namely the evidence source considers the trust degree of each element as the reason for protecting the secondary loop against the action (misoperation).
Further, the secondary circuit fault element is positioned:
let m be 1 、m 2 、…m n For n evidence sources, then evidence source m i And evidence source m j K for collision between ij Expressed by k ij The calculation method is shown in the formula (2).
Wherein A is x 、A y Representing suspected faulty components.
The calculation method of the evidence credibility epsilon is shown in a formula (3).
Where ε is the degree of confidence, i.e., the decreasing function of the mean value of the evidence conflict factor, i.e., ε will decrease as the conflict between evidence increases.
The synthetic rule calculation method is shown in formula (4).
Where k is a conflict factor, the size of which reflects the degree of conflict of all evidence sources; y (A) represents the average support of evidence sources for conclusion A. M (A) is the evidence synthesis result of conclusion A. From the second equation of equation (4), it can be seen that when the collision is small, the collision factor k is extremely small (k→0), and the result of M (A) in the synthesis equation is mainly determined by the Y (A) portion. When the conflict is large, the conflict factor k is close to 1 (k-1), the result of M (A) in the synthesis formula is mainly determined by k multiplied by epsilon multiplied by Y (A), and meanwhile, the fault element is determined by analyzing according to the size of M (A) and the fault self-checking alarm information of other elements of the secondary circuit where the fault element is located.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: when faults occur, normal elements are removed from each secondary circuit with suspicious faults by utilizing the intersection and overlapping characteristics of each virtual circuit and the broken line warning information table of the circuit warning virtual circuit, and a suspicious element set of the secondary circuit is obtained. Finally, the reliability of the secondary circuit faults caused by each element is obtained by taking the element self-checking alarm as an evidence source so as to determine the fault element.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an algorithm of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a diagram of a 220kV intelligent substation secondary circuit.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings and specific examples:
the invention takes a relay protection secondary circuit of a 220kV intelligent substation as an example to verify a fault diagnosis method, and a physical circuit diagram of the relay protection secondary circuit is shown in figure 2. Fig. 2 has 9 elements and 12 lines. L (L) 1 ～L 12 The optical fiber is a carrier for information transmission among devices; SW (switch) 0 ～SW 2 Is a switch; MU is a merging unit; p (P) 1 、P 2 Is a line protection device; p (P) 3 Is a bus protection device; the IED is an intelligent terminal; CL is the measurement and control unit. The measurement and control device and other devices realize network communication through the exchanger.
In this embodiment, table 4 gives corresponding virtual loop numbers G for 12 virtual loops in the secondary loop of the 220kV intelligent station 1 ～G 12 And filling elements on the physical loops corresponding to each virtual loop in a table 2 according to the mapping method of the virtual loops and the physical loops, wherein the elements are separated from the ports by a 'method'. For example, the G7 virtual loop is a virtual loop of the transmission line protection P1 direct acquisition and direct jump signal, and the MU takes the sampled value from MU.1-B
TABLE 2 virtual Loop and physical Loop mapping Table
Port through L 1 Transmitting the sampled value to P 1 1-A port, protection device P 1 After receiving the sampling value, logic judgment is carried out, and the sampling value is represented by P 1 1-B Port through L 4 The trip signal is passed to the ied.1-a port and the IED acts upon the received signal.
In this embodiment, when the relay protection secondary circuit fails to cause protection failure, the virtual circuit G 4 、G 7 、G 8 、G 11 And when faults occur, sending out a broken line alarm signal of the virtual loop, wherein each virtual loop is set to 1 corresponding to an element on the physical loop. Alarm-free virtual loop G 1 、G 2 、G 3 、G 5 、G 6 、G 9 、G 10 、G 12 The corresponding element on the physical loop is set to 0, and the broken line alarm information table of the virtual loop is shown in table 3. Then, the component alarm value is used to calculate and obtain each physical component MU, MU.1-A, MU.1-B and MU.2-A, P 1 .1-A、P 3 .1-A、L 1 、L 3 、L 5 The component alert values of (1), 4, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, and the other physical component alert values are 0, respectively. Thus, the set of suspected fault elements that lead to the failure of the relay protection secondary circuit are { MU, MU.1-A, MU.1-B, MU.2-A, P ] 1 .1-A、P 3 .1-A、L 1 、L 3 、L 5 }。
TABLE 3 relay protection secondary circuit virtual circuit disconnection warning information table
As can be seen from the result of the virtual circuit disconnection warning information table in Table 3, the virtual circuit disconnection warning information table is established so that the virtual circuit disconnection warning information can be fully utilized, the fault range of the secondary circuit is reduced, and the suspicious fault element set is obtained.
In this embodiment, the relay protection refusing operation includes merging unit SV interrupt alarm m in addition to the virtual circuit disconnection alarm information applied in the virtual circuit disconnection alarm information table 1 And merging unit self-checking alarm m 2 The two self-checking alarm messages are used as evidence sources for obtaining the credibility of the fault element.
In this embodiment, according to the relay protection fault history record and fault reason record data in the power grid OMS system, the trust degree distribution table of two alarm information can be obtained by combining the element self-checking alarm trust degree function generating method is shown in table 4.
In this example, m in Table 4 is as follows 1 Confidence function of evidence source and confidence function of m2 evidence source are substituted into (2) to obtain m 1 And m 2 Conflict k between 12 = 0.6546. Will k 12 Substitution formula (3) yields evidence confidence epsilon= 0.5196. Finally, the synthesis result can be calculated using the synthesis rule of formula (4) as shown in table 4.
As can be seen from Table 4, the result of the synthesis of the MU was 49.12%. The combination results of the MU.1-A port, the MU.1-B port and the MU.2-A port of the merging unit MU are 6.39%, 4.94% and 5.21%, respectively, and the optical fiber L 1 、L 3 、L 5 The composite result of the physical elements is basically maintained at about 1%, the composite result of the physical elements is far smaller than 49.12% of the composite result of the merging unit, and the merging unit is the physical element which leads to the fault of the relay protection secondary circuit. P in suspicious faulty element set 1 .1-A、P 3 The result of 1-A is 0, i.e. the two physical elements are not the cause of the relay protection secondary circuit failure.
In this embodiment, in summary, the protection rejection is caused by the failure of the merging unit MU device, and the maintainer should immediately check and maintain the merging unit MU device.
The embodiment shows that the fault diagnosis method for the relay protection secondary circuit of the intelligent substation can effectively realize fault diagnosis of the relay protection secondary circuit of the intelligent substation, and has very important significance for operation and maintenance of the intelligent substation.
TABLE 4 Synthesis results
| MU | MU.1-A | MU.1-B | MU.2-A | P 1 .1-A | P 3 .1-A | L 1 | L 3 | L 5 | |
| m 1 | 0.48 | 0.12 | 0.1 | 0.13 | 0 | 0 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.06 |
| m 2 | 0.63 | 0.15 | 0.12 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Improved method | 0.4912 | 0.0639 | 0.0494 | 0.0521 | 0 | 0 | 0.0102 | 0.0085 | 0.0102 |
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention. The technology, shape, and construction parts of the present invention, which are not described in detail, are known in the art.
Claims (1)
1. The fault diagnosis method for the relay protection secondary circuit of the intelligent substation is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: analyzing an intelligent substation SCD file, and acquiring a physical Port identifier contained in a Port field and a Cable field of the intelligent equipment, and an optical fiber and Cable identifier connected with the physical Port to form a physical link information table and a virtual loop information table;
step 2: analyzing an intAddr field of an SCD file of the intelligent station, establishing a mapping relation between a physical loop and a virtual loop, and establishing a virtual loop disconnection warning information table;
step 3: performing relay protection secondary circuit fault diagnosis by using a virtual circuit disconnection warning information table, reducing the secondary circuit fault range, obtaining a suspicious fault element set, performing step 4 if fault information exists, and jumping to step 2 if no fault information exists;
the step 3 is specifically executed according to the following steps:
step 3.1: if the virtual circuit does not contain an element, the element is marked as empty; if the virtual loop is abnormal, all physical elements contained in the virtual loop are correspondingly marked as 1, and if the virtual loop is normal, all physical elements contained in the virtual loop are correspondingly marked as 0;
step 3.2: performing superposition calculation on a plurality of virtual loops, when a certain physical element is 1 in different virtual loops, the element alarm value is equal to the sum of all 1, when one virtual loop of the certain physical element in different virtual loops is 0, the element alarm value is 0, meanwhile, zero elements are removed, and the rest elements are suspicious fault element sets;
step 4: providing a generating method of an element self-checking alarm trust function, judging elements in a suspicious fault element set by solving the fault reliability of each element, specifically positioning a secondary loop fault element, completing fault diagnosis, and returning to the step 2;
the step 4 is specifically executed according to the following steps:
step 4.1: defining the function m (A) as a trust function, and having the following properties: (1) m (Φ) =0, (2)
Step 4.2: the trust function generation method comprises the following steps:
step 4.2.1, when a fault occurs, determining whether the relay protection device corresponding to a certain secondary circuit is in refusal operation or misoperation through analysis;
step 4.2.2, searching and counting the times of refusal or misoperation of the relay protection device caused by suspicious element collection obtained by a virtual loop disconnection warning information table according to an OMS system of the power grid;
step 4.2.3, calculating a trust function of a suspicious element, wherein the calculation method is shown in a formula (1);
step 4.3: according to the characteristic of the secondary circuit element self-checking alarm information of the relay protection device, namely the evidence source, the synthesis rule is as follows:
step 4.3.1: let m be 1 、m 2 、…m n For n evidence sources, then evidence source m i And evidence source m j K for collision between ij Expressed by k ij The calculation method is shown as a formula (2);
wherein A is x 、A y Representing suspected faulty components;
step 4.3.2: the calculation method according to the credibility epsilon is shown in the formula (3):
wherein epsilon is credibility;
step 4.3.3: the synthetic rule calculation method is shown in the formula (4):
wherein k is a conflict factor, the size of the k reflects the conflict degree of all evidence sources, Y (A) represents the average support degree of the evidence sources to a conclusion A, and M (A) is the evidence synthesis result of the conclusion A;
step 4.4: and (3) identifying the fault element according to the value of M (A), wherein the higher the value of M (A), the higher the element fault probability, and analyzing and determining the fault element according to the element combination element self-checking alarm information of the secondary circuit where M (A) is located.
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| CN111884715A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-11-03 | 国网山东省电力公司建设公司 | Fault positioning method and device for optical circuit of secondary system of transformer substation |
| CN112422324B (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2022-05-03 | 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Secondary system fault positioning method based on improved Bayesian algorithm |
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| CN113848471B (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2024-04-05 | 南京理工大学 | Intelligent fault positioning method and system for relay protection system |
| CN117313189B (en) * | 2023-12-01 | 2024-03-19 | 国网山东省电力公司淄博供电公司 | Visual analysis method, system, terminal and storage medium for optical fiber secondary circuit |
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