CN110351257B - Distributed Internet of things security access system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a distributed Internet of things security access system which is a distributed Internet of things system architecture and comprises a cloud platform, a side platform and terminal equipment, wherein the distributed Internet of things system architecture is used for establishing an Internet of things object model facing an application scene, the Internet of things object model comprises a protocol for analyzing the edge side of a gateway, gateway edge data processing and edge end storage, the Internet of things object model establishes a pre-authorized proxy security authentication mechanism, and the virtualization mapping, the heterogeneous protocol analysis and the terminal equipment of the Internet of things access equipment are connected with the platform and security authentication is carried out.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of Internet of things, in particular to a distributed Internet of things security access system.
Background
Under the background of the internet of things, various heterogeneous equipment resources coexist, so that the management of the internet of things equipment is extremely complex, and the utilization rate of the equipment resources is low. The intelligent management system has the characteristics of large equipment resource amount, high distributivity, multiple types, dynamics and heterogeneity in application scenes such as smart cities and smart parks, and how to solve the problems of difference management, autonomous collaborative management and equipment resource safety sharing of various equipment is the first problem in the construction process of the platform of the Internet of things.
The internet of things is a network system which connects devices such as sensors and controllers together by using communication technologies such as local networks or the internet to perform data interaction, forms connection between people and objects, and realizes remote management control and intellectualization. With the development of micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), communication technologies, especially low-power consumption and near-field communication technologies, intelligent hardware has been widely used in various industries, and for an application system of the internet of things, a large number of heterogeneous sensing terminals, such as fire fighting system equipment, parking lot equipment, cameras, etc., need to be accessed. However, at present, the access technology of internet of things still has defects for the access of various heterogeneous terminals, and is difficult to effectively integrate various terminals, so that the access of various terminals is not flexible and convenient; the working mode of the existing internet of things access platform is a centralized management and control mode, that is, all data sent by the equipment are collected to the centralized management and control platform for processing and then distributed to each application system.
In addition, the terminal access of the internet of things has no standard protocol, and an effective security guarantee mechanism is lacked, for example, if some devices are authenticated in a one-way mode by using a shared secret key, even if the devices are not authenticated in any security measure, the interaction between the terminal and the platform end is carried out. Therefore, how to access the heterogeneous terminal devices more quickly, flexibly and safely is a first problem facing the development of the internet of things technology and related industries.
The invention discloses an internet of things access platform system and an internet of things access method (application number: CN 201310409204.6). The invention patent publication (application number: CN201310409204.6) entitled as an internet of things access platform system and an internet of things access method discloses an internet of things access platform system and an internet of things access method, wherein all access terminals are directly managed by a terminal mapping method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a distributed Internet of things security access system aiming at the defects of the prior art, which can effectively perform difference management and autonomous cooperative management on various devices and realize the security sharing of device resources.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a distributed Internet of things security access system is a distributed Internet of things system architecture and comprises a cloud platform, a side platform and terminal equipment, wherein the distributed Internet of things system architecture is used for establishing an Internet of things physical model facing an application scene, the Internet of things physical model comprises a protocol for analyzing the edge side of a gateway, gateway edge data processing and edge end storage, a pre-authorized agent security authentication mechanism is established, and the virtualization mapping, the heterogeneous protocol analysis and the terminal equipment of the Internet of things access equipment are connected with the platform and perform security authentication.
Furthermore, the terminal device is connected to the internet of things cloud platform through being deployed at the closest gateway edge, all protocol analysis actions are carried out at the edge end of the gateway edge, the pressure of cloud centralized processing is relieved, and meanwhile the flexibility and the expandability are high.
Further, the internet of things model is used for performing abstract data description on facility equipment to form mapping of the physical facility equipment in a virtual space.
Furthermore, the internet of things model is provided with a light-weight access control module Ulink based on a rule engine and used for receiving and processing data from the edge end and the terminal equipment, and the internet of things model is also provided with a rule engine composed of a plurality of rule processing nodes and a rule chain and used for data storage, message flow processing and message distribution.
Furthermore, the edge access gateway is a Uagent technology based on a plug-in protocol adapter, and is used for providing multi-protocol and multi-interface connection support. The protocol adapter of 'plug and play' realizes the interconversion of various heterogeneous protocols and platform end standard protocols.
Further, a lightweight secure transport protocol UC for the edge terminal and the cloud platform is used for data interaction between the terminal equipment and the platform, the data interaction is based on a pre-authorized agent security authentication mechanism, and the terminal equipment is authenticated by a gateway edge agent and used for bidirectional authentication between the edge equipment and the cloud platform. And the safety and reliability of the two interactive parties are ensured.
Further, the thing model of the thing networking includes entity resource layer, abstract layer, presentation layer and application layer.
By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the cloud-edge-end integrated distributed Internet of things system architecture is adopted to establish the physical model, so that the virtualized mapping, the heterogeneous protocol analysis and the safety certification and connection between the terminal equipment and the platform of the networked access equipment are realized, the problems in the Internet of things platform construction process are finally solved, and the smooth and orderly promotion of the intelligent park construction is ensured.
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Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an internet of things model of a distributed internet of things security access system provided by the invention;
fig. 2 is a structure diagram of the attribute of a distributed internet of things security access system product provided by the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of message flow processing and message distribution of a lightweight access control module Ulink based on a rule engine in a distributed internet of things security access system provided by the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a unlink rule engine in a distributed IOT security access system according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of Uagent technology of a distributed Internet of things secure access system plug-in protocol adapter provided in the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a lightweight secure transmission protocol UC of a distributed internet of things secure access system according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is an application schematic diagram of a distributed internet of things security access system.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The distributed Internet of things security access system is a distributed Internet of things system architecture and comprises a cloud platform, a side platform and terminal equipment, wherein the distributed Internet of things system architecture is used for establishing an Internet of things physical model facing an application scene, the Internet of things physical model comprises a protocol for analyzing the edge side of a gateway, gateway edge data processing and edge end storage, the Internet of things physical model establishes a pre-authorized agent security authentication mechanism, and the Internet of things access equipment is subjected to virtualization mapping, heterogeneous protocol analysis, terminal equipment and the platform and is subjected to security authentication.
The system adopts a distributed device access model, realizes device access and management by a 'cloud-edge-end' three-level network architecture, and supports the quick access of hardware devices, an application system and a third-party device cloud platform, wherein the cloud is a cloud platform, the edge is an edge platform, and the terminal device is an end:
the cloud and the edge adopt an Internet of things mainstream communication mode (MQTT/Kafka) to realize unified access management, and define a standard communication protocol UC protocol;
the edge is used as a twin of the cloud platform, the Uagent SDK is integrated to realize equipment access, third-party application service deployment such as video behavior analysis, data storage and analysis and the like can be flexibly supported, and data can be rapidly and efficiently processed close to an object end; and the communication protocol of the main stream equipment is supported to connect non-IP intelligent equipment, including Modbus, DLT645, BACNet, ZigBee, OPC and the like.
The 'end' refers to various IP intelligent hardware terminals or edge acquisition gateways with networking functions, realizes connection with the platform through Uagent or 'edge', and supports various communication protocols such as HTTP, MQTT, TCP and the like.
The terminal equipment is accessed to the Internet of things cloud platform through being deployed at the closest gateway edge, all protocol analysis actions are carried out at the edge end of the gateway edge, the pressure of cloud centralized processing is relieved, and meanwhile, the flexibility and the expandability are high.
The Internet of things object model is used for carrying out abstract data description on facility equipment to form complete and standard mapping of the physical facility equipment in a virtual space;
there are many terminals with computing power in the application space of the internet of things, and these devices are different in the representation form of the operating system, data transmission protocol, resources and services, so that there is difference in physical structure, resulting in complexity of the resource space of the devices. In order to eliminate the heterogeneous nature of the terminal of the internet of things, a unified form is needed to model the terminal, and the difference between the terminals is shielded.
As shown in fig. 1, the object model is divided into four layers: an entity resource layer, an abstract layer, a presentation layer and an application layer.
The entity resource layer is the basis of the whole resource model, and the final operation can be implemented on the equipment entity, such as a parking lot barrier gate, an visitor plane, an access controller and a face recognition terminal.
The abstract layer is a basis for realizing device resource cooperation and unified management, abstracts entities into virtual device resource devices, and realizes autonomous cooperation management, such as names, product types, device SNs, device static attributes, device dynamic attributes, service lists and the like under devices such as a parking lot barrier gate, an access controller and the like.
The presentation layer provides a device resource storage and sharing mode by using a cloud computing technology, so that a user can quickly access device resources, such as device snapshots of a parking lot barrier gate and an access controller, data outage, early warning rules and the like.
The application layer is mainly used for interacting with an upper-layer business system, converting the requirements of the business system into operation on equipment resources, and completing business application requirements such as states of a parking lot barrier gate and an entrance guard controller barrier gate, access records, charging records, fault alarm, abnormal opening and data report tables and the like by cooperating with a plurality of equipment resources.
The abstract layer is a core and is a bridge for connecting the physical world with virtual time. Terminal devices with the same property can be abstracted into a set with the same property, and the set is defined as a product, so that the device can be regarded as an example of a product, for example, a Mate series mobile phone is a product set, and defines properties such as product configuration, product function and the like, and each Mate mobile phone produced is a device of the product set, and each mobile phone device is assigned with a different ID (such as a serial number, a MAC and the like).
As shown in fig. 2, generally, the product should have the following description:
the product model comprises a product name, a product model, a communication mode, a product type, a service list, a manufacturer, a product description, a product picture and the like, the service list comprises a data endpoint, an early warning rule and the like, the data endpoint comprises an endpoint name, a data type, a value range, a unit symbol, a read-write attribute and an endpoint description, and the early warning rule comprises an early warning mode, an early warning condition, an early warning threshold value, early warning content, an early warning level, an early warning description and the like.
The Internet of things model is provided with a light-weight access control module Ulink based on a rule engine and used for receiving and processing data from an edge terminal and a terminal device, and the Internet of things model is further provided with a rule engine composed of a plurality of rule processing nodes and a rule chain and used for data storage, message flow processing and message distribution.
As shown in fig. 3, the Ulink is used as a platform-side device access management and control module, and interacts with an edge-side agent via a UC protocol, and is responsible for device authentication, device connection, and device data processing. The equipment data processing adopts a rule engine processing mechanism, the rule engine is an effective means for constructing a workflow model based on event driving, and the unlink rule engine comprises a rule chain consisting of a plurality of rule processing nodes and realizes data storage, message stream processing and message distribution.
The rule processing node: is a set of data processing rules, is the minimum execution unit of data processing, and the rule nodes have many types, such as rule nodes for processing the up and down lines of a device, rule nodes for storing history data of the device, rule nodes for judging the end point condition of the device data, and the like.
And (3) rule chain: the data stream is processed through each rule node one by one.
In the figure, unlink access refers to unlink access, Redis is an open-source log-type and Key-Value database which is written by using ANSI C language, supports network, can be based on memory and can also be persistent, and provides API of multiple languages, MONGO is a database, and IOTconnect TOPICS issues IoTConnect open connection protocol for Aliobab.
A typical rule engine structure is shown in fig. 4, where data flows into a data stream type determiner, and then respectively goes to a snapshot data storage database (database) and a data endpoint determination data.temperature > 30, where the data endpoint determination data.temperature > 30 indicates that a production alarm is given if the determination is yes, and if the data endpoint determination data.temperature < 10 does not exist, a log is generated if the data fails; the data endpoint determines that the data is less than 10, and if the data is less than 10, the data endpoint generates an alarm, and if the data fails, a log is generated.
The edge access gateway is a Uagent technology based on a plug-in protocol adapter and is used for providing multi-protocol and multi-interface connection support. The protocol adapter of 'plug and play' realizes the interconversion of various heterogeneous protocols and platform end standard protocols.
As shown in FIG. 5, the Uagent technology of the pluggable protocol adapter is as follows:
the structure of the Uagent system can be divided into 3 main components: the device comprises a UPK device driver, a LUA protocol conversion script and a gateway message service UGMS, wherein the device driver and the protocol conversion script are connected through a U-BUS BUS system.
The UPK device driver is mainly responsible for external communication interfaces of the gateway, such as HTTP, TCP/IP, MQTT and the like, and meanwhile, the UPK packages the functions of the external devices into U-BUS objects and registers the U-BUS objects and the method into the U-BUS BUS.
The LUA protocol conversion script is responsible for analyzing and converting an application layer protocol according to an external equipment communication protocol, and is uniformly converted into a UC standard protocol. The U-BUS is the indication of each protocol conversion, and each protocol conversion corresponds to different interfaces, such as an external communication port HTTP, an external communication port TCP/IP, an external communication port MQTT, an external communication port Karfka and the like.
UGMS is responsible for interaction with a unlink platform, equipment login authentication, message distribution and the like.
The lightweight secure transmission protocol UC for the edge terminal and the cloud platform is used for data interaction between the terminal equipment and the platform, the data interaction is based on a pre-authorized agent security authentication mechanism, and the terminal equipment is authenticated by a gateway edge agent and used for bidirectional authentication between the edge equipment and the cloud platform. And the safety and reliability of the two interactive parties are ensured.
As shown in fig. 6, the internet of things platform issues a key for authority authentication for the device access party, and the non-intelligent terminal device is connected and accessed by the agent gateway Uagent using the pre-authorized key.
The internet of things platform must check the unique identifier SN of the equipment under the manufacturer ID, namely before the equipment is connected, the equipment SN to be connected must be manually or automatically recorded into the internet of things platform, the internet of things platform only allows the recorded equipment to be connected, and the equipment ctrKey is returned after the check is successful.
The device ctrKey is used for verifying the validity of the cloud issued/control instruction by the device, namely, the device side establishes and verifies whether the ctrKey is legal or not before executing the control instruction.
The UC communication protocol MQTT TOPIC theme leader is: $ uama/iot/uc
System-related class message subject: $ uama/iot/uc/sys
Data class related message topic: $ uama/iot/uc/data
Control class related message subject: $ uama/iot/uc/ctrl
General instruction frame format:
the format of the response frame:
as shown in fig. 7, an application diagram of a distributed internet of things security access system is shown. In the figure, thick lines are integrated Uagent SDK cloud standard communication protocols, and the integrated Uagent SDK cloud standard communication protocols are from an Internet of things platform unlink to a visitor machine, a magic box and a UAMA acquisition gateway. The double lines are that the Un-integrated Uagent SDK is connected with the cloud Uagent from the Internet of things platform unlink to an operation base station, a parking lot local control system and the like, and the dotted lines are that the Uagent SDK is connected with a magic box from the magic box to a camera, a UAMA acquisition gateway and the like through the local magic box.
Some devices connected through the base station include a user information transmission device, which includes a fire-fighting host, and has functions of fire-fighting control, alarm, and the like. The parking lot local control system controls the entrance and exit road gate of the parking lot. The UAMA acquisition gateway can also be connected with various devices, such as a smoke sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor and the like shown in the figure.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A distributed Internet of things security access system is characterized by being a distributed Internet of things system architecture and consisting of a cloud platform, an edge end and terminal equipment, wherein the distributed Internet of things system architecture is used for establishing an Internet of things object model facing an application scene, the Internet of things object model comprises a protocol for analyzing the edge side of a gateway, gateway edge data processing and edge end storage, the Internet of things object model establishes a pre-authorized proxy security authentication mechanism, and the virtualized mapping, heterogeneous protocol analysis and terminal equipment of the Internet of things access equipment are connected with the cloud platform and security authentication is carried out;
the edge access gateway is based on the Uagent technology of a plug-in protocol adapter and is used for providing multi-protocol and multi-interface connection support;
the Internet of things model comprises an entity resource layer, an abstract layer, a presentation layer and an application layer;
the entity resource layer is the basis of the whole resource model, and the final operation can be implemented on the equipment entity;
the abstract layer is the basis for realizing the cooperative and unified management of the equipment resources, and abstracts the entity into virtual equipment resource equipment to realize the autonomous cooperative management;
the presentation layer provides a device resource storage and sharing mode by using a cloud computing technology, so that a user can quickly access the device resources;
the application layer is mainly used for interacting with an upper-layer service system, converting the requirements of the service system into operation on equipment resources and coordinating a plurality of equipment resources to finish service application requirements;
the Internet of things model is provided with a light-weight access control module Ulink based on a rule engine and used for receiving and processing data from an edge terminal and a terminal device, and is also provided with the rule engine consisting of a plurality of rule processing nodes and a rule chain and used for data storage, message flow processing and message distribution;
the unlink is used as a platform end device access management and control module, realizes interaction with an edge end Uagent through a UC protocol, and is responsible for device authentication, device connection and device data processing;
the lightweight secure transmission protocol UC for the edge terminal and the cloud platform is used for data interaction between the terminal equipment and the cloud platform, the data interaction is based on a pre-authorized agent security authentication mechanism, and the terminal equipment is authenticated by a gateway edge agent and used for bidirectional authentication between the edge equipment and the cloud platform.
2. The distributed internet of things security access system of claim 1, wherein the terminal device accesses to the internet of things cloud platform by being deployed at a closest gateway edge, and all protocol parsing actions are performed at an edge end of the gateway edge.
3. The distributed internet of things secure access system of claim 1, wherein the internet of things physical model is used to abstract data descriptions of facility devices to form a mapping of physical facility devices in a virtual space.
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