CN110322133A - Production energy based on energy body duality release analysis method extremely - Google Patents
Production energy based on energy body duality release analysis method extremely Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of production energy exception release analysis method based on energy body duality, the duality refers to the material property and energy properties of the energy body, include the steps of determining that the attribute information of energy possessed by object to be analyzed, the attribute information include form of energy, intensive quantity and extensive quantity；The energy and energy model of the object to be analyzed are determined according to the attribute information；Determine the object energy to be analyzed release various forms extremely so that it is determined that the factor for causing the object energy to be analyzed to discharge extremely according to the energy and the energy model.Above scheme establishes a set of energy releasing mechanism analysis model that can be generally applicable in field of industrial production, can systematically analytical industry production in energy exception releasing mechanism, comprehensively, accurately recognize hazard factor and bring risk that may be present.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to safety production technique fields, and in particular to a kind of production energy based on energy body duality is abnormal
Discharge analysis method.
Background technique
According to existing study of Accident-Causing Theories, the unexpected release of energy is an important factor for leading to accident.Currently, due to life
The existence of production capacity amount under normal circumstances, the regular problem such as release and function influence under abnormal conditions, lacks deep
The analysis of theoretical research and system, the prior art is only limited to simple general statement, or is caused according to the analysis of specific form of energy
Accident situation, it is not strong to the directiveness of real work, cause to lack effective technical method and means, at present Safety Risk in Production
Analysis depends on the experience of people with pre-control, analyzes lack of standardization, not system, constrains the science of Pre-control measures formulation and have
Effect property.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide a kind of production energy based on energy body duality release analysis method extremely, lives to production
The abnormal releasing mechanism of dynamic basic law and production energy is analyzed, and the movable objective law of production energy is disclosed, and
Releasing mechanism in abnormal cases has carried out comprehensive analysis to all kinds of production energy exception release conditions, so as to determination
Risk source caused by due to production energy.
For this purpose, the present invention provides a kind of production energy based on energy body duality release analysis method extremely, described two
Member refers to that the material property and energy properties of the energy body, the above method include the following steps:
Determine that the attribute information of energy possessed by object to be analyzed, the attribute information include form of energy, intensive quantity
And extensive quantity；
The energy and energy model of the object to be analyzed are determined according to the attribute information；
According to the energy and the energy model, determine that the exception of energy possessed by the object to be analyzed is released
Form is put, so that it is determined that the hazard factor for causing the object energy to be analyzed to discharge extremely.
Optionally, the above-mentioned production energy based on energy body duality release analysis method extremely, according to the attribute
Information determines in the step of energy and energy model of the object to be analyzed, the energy model are as follows:
E=∫ λ Id Ω；
Wherein, E indicates that energy value, I indicate the intensive quantity of energy, and Ω indicates the extensive quantity of object energy to be analyzed；λ is energy
Coefficient of discharge, the energy coefficient are determined according to the form of energy.
Optionally, the above-mentioned production energy based on energy body duality release analysis method extremely, it is to be analyzed right to determine
As possessed energy properties information, the attribute information is included the steps that in energy, intensive quantity and extensive quantity:
The energy include translational kinetic energy, rotational kinetic energy, gravitional force, elastic strain energy, fluctuation energy, pressure energy,
At least one of electric energy, thermal energy, chemical energy and radiation energy；
When the energy is the translational kinetic energy, corresponding intensive quantity includes the movement speed of the object to be analyzed
The square value of degree, corresponding extensive quantity include the quality of the object to be analyzed；
When the energy is the rotational kinetic energy, corresponding intensive quantity includes the movement angle of the object to be analyzed
The square value of speed, corresponding extensive quantity include the rotary inertia of the object to be analyzed；
When the energy is the gravitional force, corresponding intensive quantity includes the relatively high of the object to be analyzed
Angle value, corresponding extensive quantity include the volume of the object to be analyzed；
When the energy is the elastic strain energy, corresponding intensive quantity includes the strain of the object to be analyzed
Energy density value, corresponding extensive quantity includes the quality of the object to be analyzed；
When the energy is the fluctuation energy, corresponding intensive quantity includes the average energy of the object to be analyzed
Density value, corresponding extensive quantity include the space-time unique that the wave of the object to be analyzed is propagated；
When the energy is the pressure energy, corresponding intensive quantity includes the object to be analyzed to being exerted a force
The pressure value that object applies, corresponding extensive quantity includes the volume of the object to be analyzed；
When the energy is the electric energy, corresponding intensive quantity includes the both ends potential of the object to be analyzed
Difference, corresponding extensive quantity include the charge fluence of the object to be analyzed；
When the energy is the thermal energy, corresponding intensive quantity includes the temperature value of the object to be analyzed,
Corresponding extensive quantity includes the entropy of the object to be analyzed；
When the energy is the chemical energy, corresponding intensive quantity includes chemical substance in the object to be analyzed
Bond energy, corresponding extensive quantity includes the amount of the chemical substance of the object to be analyzed；
When the energy is the radiation energy, corresponding intensive quantity includes particle or light in the object to be analyzed
Sub- energy, corresponding extensive quantity include the particle of the object to be analyzed or the quantity of photon；
When including two or more energy in the object to be analyzed, the energy model is different-energy class
Type corresponds to the superposition of energy model.
Optionally, the above-mentioned production energy based on energy body duality release analysis method extremely, according to the attribute
Information determines in the step of energy and energy model of the object to be analyzed that the energy includes conduction type energy
Body, accumulating type energy body and interior energy type energy body；Wherein:
The energy model of the conduction type energy body are as follows: EEnter=ECarrier=EOut=W；EInherently=0；
The energy model of the accumulating type energy body are as follows: EEnter=ECarrier；EOut=0；EInherently=0；W=0；
The energy model of the interior energy type energy body are as follows: EEnter=0；ECarrier=EInherently=EOut；W=0；
More than, EEnterIndicate input energy, EOutIndicate output energy, ECarrierIndicate the carrier energy of object to be analyzed, EInherentlyTable
Show carrier self-energy, W indicates the acting of object to be analyzed.
Optionally, the above-mentioned production energy based on energy body duality release analysis method extremely, according to the energy class
Type and the energy model, determine the abnormal releasing pattern of energy possessed by the object to be analyzed, so that it is determined that leading to institute
In the step of stating the hazard factor that object energy to be analyzed discharges extremely:
If the object to be analyzed is conduction type energy body, the hazard factor includes constraint failure and regulation failure；
Specifically:
Obtaining can be to the obligatory point of the object implementatio8 constraint to be analyzed, and obtains the maximum of the obligatory point and bear energy
Amount；Determine the object to be analyzed for the conduction energy of the obligatory point according to the energy conduction model；Obtain it is described to
Analyze object in adjusting body, it is described adjust body be used for in the object to be analyzed conduction energy size and variation adjust
Section；There is constraint failure risk if the conduction energy is more than the maximum receiving energy of the obligatory point；If the adjusting body
Performance parameter do not occur failure of adjustment risk then in the adjustable range of permission.
Optionally, the above-mentioned production energy based on energy body duality release analysis method extremely, according to the energy
Type and the energy model determine energy exception releasing pattern possessed by the object to be analyzed, so that it is determined that leading to institute
In the step of stating the hazard factor that object energy to be analyzed discharges extremely:
If the object to be analyzed is accumulating type energy body, the hazard factor includes constraint failure and control failure；
Specifically:
Obtaining can be to the obligatory point of the object implementatio8 constraint to be analyzed, and obtains the maximum of the obligatory point and bear energy
Amount；Obtain the energy value that may be transmitted to the obligatory point in external environment；Obtain the control to the control volume of the external environment
Performance parameter processed；There is constraint failure risk if the energy value is more than the maximum receiving energy of the obligatory point；If described
The controlled attribute parameter of control volume does not occur control failure risk then in the control range of permission.
Optionally, the above-mentioned production energy based on energy body duality release analysis method extremely, according to the energy
Type and the energy model determine the abnormal releasing pattern of energy possessed by the object to be analyzed, so that it is determined that causing
In the step of hazard factor that the object energy to be analyzed discharges extremely:
If the object to be analyzed is interior energy type energy body, the hazard factor includes that constraint failure and control are failed；
Specifically:
Obtaining can be to the obligatory point of the object implementatio8 constraint to be analyzed, and obtains the maximum of the obligatory point and bear energy
Amount；Determine the object to be analyzed for the conduction energy of the obligatory point according to the internal energy model；It obtains to described
The control performance parameter of the control volume of external environment；Go out if the conduction energy is more than the maximum receiving energy of the obligatory point
Now constrain failure risk；If the control volume controlled attribute parameter not in the control range of permission if occur control failure wind
Danger.
Optionally, the above-mentioned production energy based on energy body duality release analysis method extremely is described to be analyzed right
As including production system, production equipment or production area.
Above-mentioned technical proposal provided by the invention compared with prior art, at least has the following beneficial effects:
Production energy provided by the invention based on energy body duality release analysis method extremely, two based on energy body
Meta-attribute analyzes the abnormal releasing mechanism for producing movable basic law and production energy.Theoretically analyse in depth
The movable objective law of production energy, and releasing mechanism in abnormal cases, and based on above-mentioned analysis as a result, to all kinds of lifes
Production capacity amount exception release conditions have carried out comprehensive analysis, provide theory for production energy bring security risk analysis and control
Foundation can be used in that practical Safety Risk in Production pre-control is instructed to work.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the production energy release analysis method extremely described in one embodiment of the invention based on energy body duality
Flow chart；
Fig. 2 is the Hazard assessment method flow diagram of conduction type energy body described in one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the Hazard assessment method flow diagram of accumulating type energy body described in one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the Hazard assessment method flow diagram of interior energy type energy body described in one embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
It is understandable in order to enable the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention to become apparent, with reference to the accompanying drawing to this hair
Bright specific embodiment is described in detail.In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that term " first ", " second ",
" third " is used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance.Unless otherwise specific regulation and limit
Fixed, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be specific
Situation understands the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention.
Inventor has found that the abnormal release of energy is the weight for leading to accident according to existing study of Accident-Causing Theories
Want factor.And following embodiment of the present invention is exactly the existence to production energy under normal circumstances, the release under abnormal conditions
And the regular problem such as function influence carries out detailed analysis.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of production energy based on energy body duality release analysis method extremely, and described two
Member refers to the material property and energy properties of the energy body, and as described in Figure 1, described method includes following steps:
S101: determining the attribute information of energy possessed by object to be analyzed, and the attribute information includes form of energy, strong
Measurement and extensive quantity.Object to be analyzed can be a production system, equipment or production area.Form of energy is for certainly
The key message (accident kind such as burning, explosion) for determining accident kind, is divided according to the property of energy, with production activity phase
The form of energy of pass mainly includes chemical energy, electric energy, mechanical energy (kinetic energy, potential energy), thermal energy, sound energy, radiation energy, biological energy source etc. ten
It is several.Various forms of energy have quantifiable calculation formula to carry out one by one with regard to not being directed to calculation formula in the present embodiment
It has been illustrated, as shown in Table 1, reflects physical essence, characteristic parameter and the quantitative calculated relationship of energy.
Table one: various energy balane formula and parameter
| Energy E | Intensive quantity I | Extensive quantity Ω |
| Translational kinetic energy | Velocity squared | Quality |
| Rotational kinetic energy | Angular speed square | Rotary inertia |
| Gravitional force | Relative altitude | Quality |
| Elastic strain energy | Strain energy density | Volume |
| Fluctuate energy | Mean sample-tree method (wave is strong) | The space-time unique that wave is propagated |
| Pressure energy | Pressure | Volume |
| Electric energy | Potential difference | Charge fluence |
| Thermal energy | Temperature | Entropy |
| Chemical energy | Bond energy | The amount of substance |
| Radiation energy | Particle or photon energy | Particle or photon numbers |
S102: the energy and energy model of the object to be analyzed are determined according to the attribute information.Specifically, root
According to various forms energy balane formula in table 1, the general expression of energy model can be obtained are as follows:
E=∫ λ Id Ω；
E is energy value in above formula, and I is the intensive quantity for representing energy, and Ω is the extensive quantity for representing object to be analyzed, and λ is energy
Energy coefficient described in coefficient of discharge determines that the energy coefficient is that the physical attribute of object to be analyzed is joined according to the form of energy
Number.Intensive quantity I and extensive quantity Ω not only has the variation of magnitude, represents the variation of energy power, and has the variation of dimension, no
Same energy and carrier, dimension is different, reflects the attribute of energy and carrier.The case where intensive quantity is uniformly distributed extensive quantity
Under, it is reduced to algebraic product form, above-mentioned model can deform are as follows:
E=λ I Ω
According to above-mentioned expression formula, energy includes two physical quantitys, intensive quantity and extensive quantity, and energy is intensive quantity to corresponding wide
The cumulative effect for the amount of prolonging, two physical quantitys represent the double attributes of energy, and here it is dualities mentioned in the present invention
Where reason.
The dimension of intensive quantity I reflects energy feature attribute, and material carrier is carried due to being provided with certain characteristic attribute
The energy of corresponding form, kinetic energy is carried if any speed, has elastic deformation and carries elastic strain energy, has temperature and hold
Heat-carrying can wait, and intensity numerical quantity I represents the intensity of material carrier carrying energy.Extensive quantity Ω reflects the substance category of carrier
Property, energy is the object referred to as to be analyzed using substance as carrier.According to energy feature attribute, the dimension that extensive quantity uses is respectively
Volume, quality, electricity, entropy etc., extension numerical quantity represent the quantity of object to be analyzed.Based on specific form of energy, extensive quantity
It can be volume point, Line Integral or condition curve integral etc..The purpose of energy model is to disclose the double attributes of production energy, i.e.,
Characteristic energy attribute and carrier mass attribute determine the movable fundamental characteristics of production energy.
S103: according to the energy and the energy model, energy possessed by the object to be analyzed is determined
Abnormal releasing pattern, so that it is determined that the hazard factor for causing the object energy to be analyzed to discharge extremely.
Above technical scheme provided in this embodiment, to the abnormal machine for releasing for producing movable basic law and production energy
Reason is analyzed.The movable objective law of production energy, and releasing mechanism in abnormal cases have theoretically been analysed in depth,
And based on above-mentioned analysis as a result, comprehensive analysis has been carried out to all kinds of production energy exception release conditions, for production energy bring
Security risk analysis and control provide theoretical foundation, can be used in that practical Safety Risk in Production pre-control is instructed to work.
It is described when for including two or more form of energy in above-mentioned steps S102, in the object to be analyzed
Energy model is the superposition that different-energy form corresponds to energy model.Can measurer have accumulation and additivity.Object to be analyzed exists
In production process, with the continuous variation of production, energy intensity and amount vector can all change, in addition, object to be analyzed
Two or more energy can be carried, if high temperature and high pressure steam carries high pressure kinetic energy and thermal energy, these embody the tired of production energy
Long-pending and additivity.No matter energy model uses the expression-form of integral expression form or algebraic product, has when in object to be analyzed
When multiple kinds of energy, the cumulative effect of energy can be reflected by accumulating and being superimposed.
In addition to this, the state of energy depends on the state characteristic of intensive quantity and the physical form of object to be analyzed.Intensity
Amount is divided into dynamic and static two states.Object to be analyzed can be divided into three kinds of solid, liquid, gas forms.Accordingly, raw from safety
The angle of production is set out, and in macroscopic aspect, the existence of production energy is divided into dynamic and static two classes.
The state characteristic of energy depends on the state characteristic of intensive quantity.The intensive quantity of static energy is static amount, and energy is deposited
Storage exists in object to be analyzed with static form, specifically, if object to be analyzed is solid, and under certain conditions, energy
Amount is present in static carrier, such as potential energy, pressure energy, elastic deformation energy, chemical energy, thermal energy；The static characteristic of energy makes
Obtaining production energy has storability.The intensive quantity of dynamic power is that dynamic is measured, and energy can only exist in carrier dynamic, such as dynamic
Energy, electric energy, fluctuation energy, radiation energy etc., the dynamic characteristic of energy makes production energy have transmission and conductibility.Energy is in physics
Belong to scalar in meaning, itself does not have directionality, but according to the second law of thermodynamics, it is generally the case that energy from high level to
Low-lying level is propagated.If intensive quantity is vector, energy is transmitted along the direction vector of intensive quantity, as kinetic energy is passed along directional velocity
Defeated, Wave energy is transmitted along velocity of wave direction, and the field energies such as gravitional force, electromagnetic energy are transmitted along corresponding field intensity direction；
If intensive quantity is scalar, energy is transmitted along intensive quantity gradient direction, as heat transmits naturally along temperature gradient direction.Energy
Amount not only can also be exchanged with same carrier transmission between different material carrier, form energy conduction.The substance of object to be analyzed
Morphology influence energy activity.If carrier is mobility gas, liquid or is solid-state volatile materials, in the feelings for being closed or shielding
Under condition, energy is static in carrier to be existed, and in the case where not being closed or shielding, energy can moving or waving with carrier
It sends out and propagates, and can propagate over long distances, such as hydraulic drive, but such case is based only on the mobility of carrier and volatility is held
Energy transmission is carried, there is no change energy in the storage of carrier, such as the flowing of flammable liquid.In production practice, one
As to take measures, by this kind of energy close isolated storage or according to limit track activity.In addition, energy has convertibility, energy
Amount conversion be energy under certain condition, another form is converted by a kind of form.In production practice, based on carrier
Variation, there is following two categories reformulations: first is that form of energy converts, carrier attribute does not change.If falling object from high altitude is gravitational potential
Kinetic energy can be converted to, high-pressure fluid medium leakage is that pressure energy is converted to fluid dynamic energy etc., in the transmission and static state of dynamic power
The release of energy is that energy conversion can occur.Second is that carrier itself changes as energy is converted, combustible combustion is object
Matter chemical energy is converted to new chemical energy, while releasing luminous energy and thermal energy, and object structures destruction is that elastic energy of deformation is converted to
Plastic deformation energy, while releasing the mechanical energy such as vibration.Energy also has acting: in production practice, according to production needs,
The conduction of energy is converted along with acting, wherein being useful work to meet production purpose acting；Meanwhile along with the damage of energy
It loses, also generates to useless or harmful idle work is produced, sum of the two meets law of conservation of energy.
In the present embodiment, the energy of the object to be analyzed and the step of energy model are determined according to the attribute information
In rapid, energy Attribute transposition is characterized by energy properties and carrier mass attribute according to the energy model, according to energy and institute
The relationship of object to be analyzed is stated, the energy includes conduction type energy body, accumulating type energy body and interior energy type energy body；Its
In: the energy model of the conduction type energy body are as follows: EEnter=ECarrier=EOut=W；EInherently=0；The energy of the accumulating type energy body
Model are as follows: EEnter=ECarrier；EOut=0；EInherently=0；W=0；The energy model of the interior energy type energy body are as follows: EEnter=0；ECarrier=EInherently
=EOut；W=0；More than, EEnterIndicate input energy, EOutIndicate output energy, ECarrierIndicate the carrier energy of object to be analyzed, EInherently
Indicate carrier self-energy, W indicates the acting of object to be analyzed.
(1) when energy accumulation and superposition, the magnitude variations of ENERGY E, the dimension of Ω and I are constant, but magnitude variations.(2)
When energy is static energy, the dimension and magnitude of intensive quantity and carrier extensive quantity are remained unchanged, and carrier energy does not input
With output；When energy is dynamic power, intensive quantity is that dynamic is measured, and carrier energy, which exists, to be output and input.(3) when energy companion
Transmission in one carrier, when form of energy does not change, only magnitude variations, dimension are constant for intensive quantity.(4) when energy is with identical carrier
Interior transmission, when form of energy changes, as kinetic energy turns potential energy, the dimension variation of intensive quantity, the dimension and amount of carrier extensive quantity
It is worth constant.(5) when energy transmits between different carriers, and form of energy does not change, the dimension of intensive quantity is constant, and numerical value becomes
Change, the dimension of carrier extensive quantity is constant, magnitude variations.(6) when energy transmits between different carriers, and form of energy changes, by force
Measurement and the dimension of carrier extensive quantity change.(7) when static energy discharges, as energy is converted, carrier attribute does not change
When, without energy input, there are energy output, intensive quantity dimension changes, and the dimension of carrier extensive quantity is constant.(8) when quiet
The release of state energy, as energy is converted, when carrier itself changes, without energy input, there are energy output, energy intensities
Amount and the dimension of carrier extensive quantity change.
To sum up, the element for influencing energy response includes:
(1) dimension and magnitude of intensive quantity I and carrier extensive quantity Ω；(2) form of energy of destination carrier and acting；(3)
Input, output and the form of energy.
According to Such analysis, energy does not export outward in the carrier, maintains a relatively stable state, and has storage.It is dynamic
The activity in identical carrier of state energy is propagated, and has transporting；Energy propagates exchange between different carriers, has transitivity；Energy
Amount form changes, and has transformational；In some cases, above-mentioned energy manner occurs simultaneously sometimes, such as using dynamic
Power raises object, exactly passes to the kinetic energy of equipment and is elevated object and is converted into potential energy, transmitting and conversion can be sent out simultaneously
It is raw.As production changes, energy value changes, and energy has accumulative and additivity；Furthermore it is done along with energy activity
Function realizes production operation.In short, energy state characteristic is through entire production process.Therefore, each to be analyzed right by analyzing
As the factor of the form of energy type and image energy variation that are included, it is determined whether the feelings that energy discharges extremely can be will appear
Condition, the energy released extremely are exactly the energy for rewinding security risk, need to prevent this kind of happen.
According to the double attributes of production energy, the fundamental characteristics of production energy is elaborated, specifying influences energy activity spy
The relevant factor of property.Normal activity states rule and abnormal release principle for in-depth analysis production energy, herein by single life
Production capacity amount and carrier are known as energy body, are basic production energy cell cubes, and production system is made of several energy bodies, complete
Production activity.Therefore, energy body is most basic as production energy cell cube.According to the energy that is determined by these elements with
Carrier relationship divides energy body type, and analyzes correlated condition attribute.The state of input, output and energy based on energy is special
Property, energy body is three classes:
(1) conduction type energy body: the application of external input energy is applied to carrier, belongs to the dynamic power of macro-level, root
According to Such analysis, this kind of energy intensity amount is that dynamic is measured, can only dynamic transmission or transmitting, carrier cannot static accumulation of energy.It keeps
The movable continuity of energy needs the lasting input of extra power, such as kinetic energy, electromagnetic energy, fluctuation energy.In production practice, this
The action mode of class energy is the transmission, transmitting and conversion with energy, with acting, realizes productive target, contained dynamic
Energy does work equal to energy body.For such energy body:
EEnter=ECarrier=EOut=W；EInherently=0；
(2) accumulating type energy body: external input energy is applied to carrier, belongs to the energy of macroscopic view or molecular level, carrier
It, being capable of accumulation of energy under certain constraint condition.Intensive quantity, that is, dynamic exists, and is also able to maintain static presence, has storability,
And discharge under certain condition, with carrier output, transmitting, conversion, such as thermal energy, potential energy, pressure energy, elastic strain energy.Perhaps
In more situations, this kind of energy does not need dynamic transmission, it is only necessary to which static state is kept, and is typically include, high-rise and gully etc.
The potential energy as caused by the difference of spatial position.The energy stores model of the accumulating type energy body are as follows: EEnter=ECarrier；EOut=0；EInherently=
0；W=0；
(3) energy type energy body in: energy is derived from carrier therein self-energy, belongs to atom level energy, does not need
External constraint is just able to maintain the presence of itself self-energy, and in macroscopic aspect, this kind of energy performance is limited to stationary state, and having can
Storage；Conversion release, carrier form also change therewith under certain conditions, carry out energy conversion, such as chemical energy.It is described
The internal energy model of interior energy type energy body are as follows: EEnter=0；ECarrier=EInherently=EOut；W=0.
Classified by energy body, establish the mathematical model of production energy basic unit body, produces energy for further analysis
The mechanics of amount and the mechanism discharged extremely lay the foundation.
In the present embodiment, according to the energy response for the object to be analyzed analyzed above, different type object to be analyzed is analyzed
Energy normal activity states:
(1) conduction type energy body
If the object to be analyzed is conduction type energy body, the hazard factor includes constraint failure and failure of adjustment；
Specifically include following steps shown in Fig. 2:
S201: obtaining can be to the obligatory point of the object implementatio8 constraint to be analyzed, and obtains the maximum of the obligatory point
Bear energy；
S202: determine the object to be analyzed for the conduction energy of the obligatory point according to the energy conduction model；
S203: there is constraint failure risk if the conduction energy is more than the maximum receiving energy of the obligatory point；
S204: obtaining the adjusting body in the object to be analyzed, and the adjusting body is used for in the object to be analyzed
Conduction energy size and variation are adjusted；
S205: there is failure of adjustment risk if the performance parameter for adjusting body is not in the adjustable range of permission.
It for example, include fixed apparatus system and mobile unit system in production system.Conduction type energy body
It is the movable basic energy body of production operation.Normal production operation, energy body have two basic characteristics: first is that energy along
Specific path activity, direction transmission, the transmitting determined according to intensive quantity.Second is that each parameter value of energy can be controlled in certain model
In enclosing, maximum magnitude does not transfinite, and energy activity can be opened securely and reliably, be shut down.Meet above-mentioned condition requirement, by energy body
The production system of composition need to have corresponding condition.
A, it constrains.To ensure object to be analyzed along specific path activity, production equipment facility system need to be to be analyzed
Object carries out constraint control, and the material element that this constraint function can be played in production system is known as obligatory point, such as route, pipe
Road, switch etc..By dynamic power, energy body and obligatory point interact, and this effect can be weighed by special parameter amount
Amount, i.e. obligatory point maximum can bear the effect of energy body there are certain limits, more than the parameter quantities for measuring this boundary, constraint
Body will be destroyed, constraint failure.Movable security reliability is produced to ensure, restriction ability there should be certain redundancy, referred to as pacify
Overall coefficient.If constraint failure, energy can deviate from normal particular path, lead to abnormal release, such as leakage；In addition, some
The carrier of energy itself also has certain limit to the energy that can be carried, and goes beyond the limit, and equally causes carrier autoclasia, such as gear
Transmission is more than certain driving force, causes the gear teeth to damage, therefore also to consider the redundancy issue of carrier bearing capacity.
B, it adjusts.To ensure energy hole in a certain range, production system must have regulatory function, can be according to life
Produce activity change, timely and effective adjusting, energy body caused by the one hand preventing from transfiniting due to energy parameter amount and obligatory point it is broken
It is bad, it on the other hand can securely and reliably open, shut down and adjust energy activity.
(2) accumulating type energy body
If the object to be analyzed is accumulating type energy body, the hazard factor includes constraint failure and control failure；
Specifically, include the following steps: as shown in Figure 3
S301: obtaining can be to the obligatory point of the object implementatio8 constraint to be analyzed, and obtains the maximum of the obligatory point
Bear energy；
S302: the energy value that may be transmitted to the obligatory point in external environment is obtained；
S303: there is constraint failure risk if the energy value is more than the maximum receiving energy of the obligatory point；
S304: the control performance parameter to the control volume of the external environment is obtained；
S305: if the control volume controlled attribute parameter not in the control range of permission if occur control failure wind
Danger.
In production practice, this kind of energy is divided into two class situations: one kind be since production and construction cause and objective reality,
The potential energy typically generated based on installations and facilities space structure, such as equipment for high building facility, gully and high altitude operation
The potential energy as caused by the difference of spatial position such as personnel equipment.This kind of energy is static energy, and under normal circumstances, energy is maintained at load
Internal relative quiescent storage, cannot discharge.Another kind of is under normal circumstances, to be before this maintained at externally input energy static state
In vivo, it is then discharged under certain control condition, is used as the purposes such as production power source, such as high pressure heat energy accumulator, accumulation of energy bradyseism
Device etc..
It prevents energy from discharging extremely, dynamic power is changed by static energy, also needs two primary conditions: first is that
, there is the obligatory point with effect of contraction in constraint, this is a broadly concept, such as ground, and fixed point etc. plays fastening strength
The element of effect is all obligatory point.Thermal energy and pressure energy need container as obligatory point, and elastic strain energy is required to keep shape
The obligatory point of change；For the second class situation, when energy discharges, the path of bound energy release is also wanted.Second is that adjust, it is external first
The energy demand of input is adjusted, and secondly object and obligatory point to be analyzed can all be influenced by environmental factor such as temperature, humidity etc.
And intensity changes, therefore, these environmental condition factors need effectively to adjust, and control is in a certain range.For the second class
Situation when energy discharges, is controlled referring to driving type energy adjustment.
It (3) can type energy body in
If the object to be analyzed is interior energy type energy body, the hazard factor includes that constraint failure and control are failed；
Specifically include following steps as shown in Figure 4:
S401: obtaining can be to the obligatory point of the object implementatio8 constraint to be analyzed, and obtains the maximum of the obligatory point
Bear energy；
S402: determine the object to be analyzed for the conduction energy of the obligatory point according to the internal energy model；
S403: there is constraint failure risk if the conduction energy is more than the maximum receiving energy of the obligatory point；
S404: the control performance parameter to the control volume of the external environment is obtained；
S405: if the control volume controlled attribute parameter not in the control range of permission if occur control failure wind
Danger.
In production practice, this kind of energy belongs to energy in carrier, is not usually required to external constraint, (it may also be said that interior can type
Object and shield to be analyzed are integrated on microcosmic), just it is able to maintain the static storage state of energy, under certain condition, energy
It discharges, transmits and with acting after amount conversion.Typically, fuel converted in a manner of burning energy be used as production power source,
In chemical products production process, converted along with energy.The interior energy movable main feature of type energy:
First is that interior energy type amount needs could convert release, including material carrier concentration or total amount, touching under certain conditions
Clockwork spring part etc.；Such as gas explosion, need certain gas density, and certain oxygen concentration and have spark under conditions of could
Occur；Combustible material need to burn under conditions of having fire source, high temperature, certain oxygen concentration.It correspondingly, need to be in particular safety condition
Lower storage.
Second is that if it is interior can type energy body have mobility and volatility, carrier be steam state, liquid or volatile materials, it is quiet
State needs to be closed when storing to be constrained in certain spatial areas, prevents from spreading, this is determined by material carrier attribute, no
Belong to self-energy conversion activity attributes scope.
Third is that some energy only selectively have an effect to special object, such as it is all needle that murder by poisoning, burn into, which are radiated, infected,
To specific function object.To ensure safety, need for energy body to be isolated with specific function object.In addition, by such environmental effects,
The condition of energy security storage is it can also happen that change.(listing harmful influence material table in detail).Therefore, according to interior energy type energy
The features such as release conditions, flowability of carrier, selectively acting object, need to take constraint and adjust control measure, and guarantee will be one
Secure storage and conversion release under fixed condition.Otherwise, in abnormal cases, energy conversion release, causes the accident, typically, fire
Calamity, explosion, poisoning, radiation etc..
On the basis of above-mentioned analysis, it can analyze and determine form and reason that production energy may discharge extremely.
For driving type energy body exception releasing mechanism, transmission energy energy body effect is normally played, according to safety in production
Basic characteristics, production system has corresponding constraint and regulatory function.When the two disablers, cause energy out of control,
Abnormal release.(1) constraint failure.It transfinites in energy terms, object to be analyzed and obligatory point interaction disequilibrium, constraint
Body is destroyed, constraint failure, and object activity to be analyzed deviates intrinsic path operation, and exception discharges, (or carrier autoclasia),
Leakage, malfunction as caused by kinetic energy release extremely, electric leakage, breakdown caused by electric energy release extremely etc..(2) regulation failure.In life
In the case that production system regulatory function fails, the dynamic movings such as energy input, output state cannot effectively be adjusted as production changes
Section, the unlatching of energy, shut down, power etc. loses effective control, will lead to energy body and be in abnormal job state, and then energy
Parameter (extensive quantity and intensive quantity) transfinites, and will lead to object and obligatory point to be analyzed and production system other parts are destroyed,
Such as the hypervelocity, overweight of kinetic energy；Overvoltage, overload of electric energy etc..
It under normal circumstances, is needed corresponding for accumulating type energy body exception releasing mechanism by above-mentioned state analysis
Constraint and adjusting condition, accumulating type energy body are just able to maintain safe state.When the two disablers, energy is caused to lose
Control, it is abnormal to discharge.(1) constraint failure, under external condition effect, energy constraint body and support strength are inadequate, constraint failure, will
Energy is caused to discharge in abnormal cases, typically, such as building collapse is caving, and high-voltage energy storage tank rupture, spring pops up extremely
Deng.(2) control failure, cannot effectively adjust control to input energy or to environmental factor, and will lead to energy body accumulation of energy transfinites,
The intensity for influencing obligatory point and supporting body transfinites, supporting body and obligatory point disequilibrium, and then constraint is caused to be failed, such as accumulator
Superpressure etc..
For interior energy type energy exception releasing mechanism, according to above-mentioned analysis, under normal circumstances, interior energy type energy body keeps quiet
State storage state, it is as needed, under certain conditions, interior to convert release.It is maintained at safe condition, is needed corresponding
Constraint and adjusting condition, first is that constraint, usually in can not need external constraint, but for flowable carrier, and to prevent pair
Special object generates destructive effects, needs obligatory point and plays effect of contraction；Second is that adjusting the item of trigger energy conversion release
Part avoids energy from discharging extremely.(1) control failure, in the case where out of hand, index of correlation is exceeded, forms energy conversion
Condition, there is spark, electrostatic etc. if temperature, concentration are high, leads to burning, explosion in energy conversion release；(2) constraint failure,
Shield destroys, and mobility object to be analyzed leaks；Energy is directly contacted with specific function object, generates destructive effects.
The embodiment of the present invention systematically analyzes the security activity state analysis and releasing mechanism of three kinds of energy bodies.Although
The existence of three kinds of energy bodies, working method are different, but have in common the feature that (1) constrains.Keep energy along retaining rail
Mark activity or hold mode, production system need to have constraint function, from spatially constraint production energy activity.(2) it adjusts.It is based on
The dynamic change of production process, production system can be to the timely and effective adjustings of energy-related parameter magnitude.(3) it controls.Production system
And production energy active receiving environmental condition factor influences, and needs to control Related Environmental Factors.From the angle of safety in production, in addition to
Meet constraint condition and control condition requirement.In abnormal cases, constraint and regulatory function failure, energy body is out of hand,
It is in abnormal release conditions.And then the power that is discharged extremely according to energy and situations such as be applied the tolerances of object, it determines
It may cause the severity of accident.
Above-mentioned theory provides effective ways approach for the abnormal release analysis of dynamic power.
1, driving type energy body application example is now analyzed by taking kinetic energy typical in production as an example.It accurately to analyze dynamic
The mechanism that can be discharged extremely need in conjunction with specific production method feature, production equipment system be divided into it is fixed and mobile, it is fixed
Such as manufacture processing, mobile such as vehicle transport.
(1) constraint failure, kinetic energy deviate intrinsic typical one situation
1) fixed equipment system: when object to be analyzed is fluid, obligatory point includes the equipment such as pipeline, valve and sealing
The attachmentes such as part, connector, if obligatory point destroys, such as equipment rupture, connector fracture, bad seals, constraint failure cause
Fluid leakage deviates original glide path track, abnormal to discharge；When object to be analyzed is solid, such as gear, chain, company
Bar transmission system, obligatory point are the positions such as fixed point and the tie point of the sports equipments such as gear, when these positions are destroyed, equipment
Job interruption is operated normally, and is possible to components deviation normal trace and flies out, energy discharges extremely.
2) mobile device system: the haulage vehicle typically travelled, objectively, constrain vehicle driving trace is
Road, if the vehicle deviating road of normally travel, vehicle energy load discharges extremely, may cause and knocks roadside isolation strip, turns over
The accidents such as vehicle, breaking-up.
(2) control failure, energy exception release conditions
1) fixed equipment: when object to be analyzed is fluid, kinetic energy load reflection out of control to pressure and speed is pressed on transfiniting
Power transfinites, and directly results in equipment damage, and flow velocity transfinites, and one side equipment operation not can be effectively controlled, on the other hand due to inertia,
Impact force is excessive etc., eventually leads to equipment damage or the problems such as product produced is unqualified occurs.
2) mobile device: the haulage vehicle of traveling is out of control, is embodied in hypervelocity and overload.Road conditions, including road surface are flat
Whole degree, traffic condition etc. determine car speed and loading capacity limit value, and then determine vehicle energy load limit, if super
Speed, overload, will lead to driver and are difficult to security control vehicle.
2. accumulating type energy body application example
Typically by taking potential energy as an example.In production practice, as the potential energy body that needs restraint is maintained at certain altitude, obligatory point
Safety is extremely important, to there is sufficient intensity.Abnormal release divides three classes situation:
(1) potential energy that the spatial position gully difference in height of installations and facilities structure determines, when structural strength is inadequate, causes to collapse
It collapses, be caving；
(2) when personnel, cargo lifting are gone up and down, kinetic energy is mutually converted with potential energy, when adjusting control failure, is led to hypervelocity, is surpassed
It carries；
(3) it when high altitude operation, falls extremely in the object of personnel and storage that high-altitude is walked about due to lacking protection.
It can type energy body application example in 3.
Typically by taking chemical energy as an example.In production scene, general chemical can have following several situations: first is that some equipment
The material that facility uses is inflammable, objective requirement, cannot catch fire, and the scene of controlling has the condition of kindling；Second is that scene warp
The harmful influence being often used needs secure storage under normality；Third is that harmful influence used in production process, including harmful influence product are raw
It produces and as the fuel energy conversion that production energy source and power is, needs to be maintained at production operation under controlled range.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still may be used
To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；
And these are modified or replaceed, technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution spirit and
Range.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of production energy based on energy body duality release analysis method, the duality extremely refer to the energy body
Material property and energy properties, which comprises the steps of:
Determine the attribute information of energy possessed by object to be analyzed, the attribute information includes form of energy, intensive quantity and wide
The amount of prolonging；
The energy and energy model of the object to be analyzed are determined according to the attribute information；
According to the energy and the energy model, the abnormal release shape of energy possessed by the object to be analyzed is determined
Formula, so that it is determined that the hazard factor for causing the object energy to be analyzed to discharge extremely.
2. the production energy according to claim 1 based on energy body duality release analysis method, feature extremely exist
In, in the step of determining the energy and energy model of the object to be analyzed according to the attribute information, the energy mould
Type are as follows:
E=∫ λ Id Ω；
Wherein, E indicates that energy value, I indicate the intensive quantity of energy, and Ω indicates the extensive quantity of object energy to be analyzed；λ is energy system
Number, the energy coefficient are determined according to the form of energy.
3. the production energy according to claim 2 based on energy body duality release analysis method, feature extremely exist
In, in the step of determining the energy and energy model of the object to be analyzed according to the attribute information, the energy class
Type includes conduction type energy body, accumulating type energy body and interior energy type energy body；Wherein:
The energy conduction model of the conduction type energy body are as follows: EEnter=ECarrier=EOut=W；EInherently=0；
The energy stores model of the accumulating type energy body are as follows: EEnter=ECarrier；EOut=0；EInherently=0；W=0；
The internal energy model of the interior energy type energy body are as follows: EEnter=0；ECarrier=EInherently=EOut；W=0；
More than, EEnterIndicate input energy, EOutIndicate output energy, ECarrierIndicate the carrier energy of object to be analyzed, EInherentlyIt indicates to carry
Body self-energy, W indicate the acting of object to be analyzed.
4. the production energy according to claim 3 based on energy body duality release analysis method, feature extremely exist
In determining the abnormal release shape of energy possessed by the object to be analyzed according to the energy and the energy model
Formula, so that it is determined that cause the object energy to be analyzed to discharge extremely hazard factor the step of in:
If the object to be analyzed is conduction type energy body, the hazard factor includes constraint failure and failure of adjustment；Specifically
Ground:
Obtaining can be to the obligatory point of the object implementatio8 constraint to be analyzed, and obtains the maximum of the obligatory point and bear energy；
Determine the object to be analyzed for the conduction energy of the obligatory point according to the energy conduction model；It obtains described to be analyzed
Adjusting body in object, it is described adjust body be used for in the object to be analyzed conduction energy size and variation be adjusted；
There is constraint failure risk if the conduction energy is more than the maximum receiving energy of the obligatory point；If the conduction energy
Parameter value and Parameters variation rate are more than that allowed band regulation failure risk then occurs.
5. the production energy according to claim 4 based on energy body duality release analysis method, feature extremely exist
In determining the abnormal release shape of energy possessed by the object to be analyzed according to the energy and the energy model
Formula, so that it is determined that cause the object energy to be analyzed to discharge extremely hazard factor the step of in:
If the object to be analyzed is accumulating type energy body, the hazard factor includes constraint failure and control failure；Specifically
Ground:
Obtaining can be to the obligatory point of the object implementatio8 constraint to be analyzed, and obtains the maximum of the obligatory point and bear energy；
Obtain the energy value that may be transmitted to the obligatory point in external environment；Obtain the controlling to the control volume of the external environment
It can parameter；There is constraint failure risk if the energy value is more than the maximum receiving energy of the obligatory point；If the control
The controlled attribute parameter of body does not occur control failure risk then in the control range of permission.
6. the production energy according to claim 5 based on energy body duality release analysis method, feature extremely exist
In determining the abnormal release shape of energy possessed by the object to be analyzed according to the energy and the energy model
Formula, so that it is determined that cause the object energy to be analyzed to discharge extremely hazard factor the step of in:
If the object to be analyzed is interior energy type energy body, the hazard factor includes that constraint failure and control are failed；Specifically
Ground:
Obtaining can be to the obligatory point of the object implementatio8 constraint to be analyzed, and obtains the maximum of the obligatory point and bear energy；
Determine the object to be analyzed for the conduction energy of the obligatory point according to the internal energy model；It obtains to the outside
The control performance parameter of the control volume of environment；Occur about if the conduction energy is more than the maximum receiving energy of the obligatory point
Beam failure risk；If the control volume controlled attribute parameter not in the control range of permission if there is control failure risk.
7. the production energy according to claim 1-6 based on energy body duality release analysis method extremely,
It is characterized in that,
The object to be analyzed includes production system, production equipment or production area.
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