CN110290579A - Wireless ad hoc network method for synchronizing time, node and wireless ad hoc network under a kind of narrowband condition - Google Patents
Wireless ad hoc network method for synchronizing time, node and wireless ad hoc network under a kind of narrowband condition Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The present invention proposes wireless ad hoc network method for synchronizing time, node and the wireless ad hoc network under a kind of narrowband condition, which comprises establishes network after host node booting, networks from node using the request of active synchronous method.Comprising synchronizing information in the message frame that each node is broadcasted when working, other nodes can all extract synchronizing information after receiving message frame every time, and calculation delay simultaneously judges whether to need time synchronization, so that whether modification slot table avoids conflicting.Wireless ad-hoc network nodes are the node that can be realized the wireless ad hoc network time synchronization under narrowband condition, comprising: synchronization module, receiving module and sending module.Wireless ad hoc network is made of wireless ad-hoc network nodes, and realizes time synchronization using the above method.The present invention can be realized under narrowband condition, and wireless self-networking saves the time synchronization of bandwidth and time resource.
Description
Technical field
Wireless ad hoc network time synchronization side the present invention relates to wireless communication field, under especially a kind of narrowband condition
Method, node and wireless ad hoc network.
Background technique
Wireless self-organization network be it is a kind of no need to reserve infrastructure support distribution, the restructural nothing of self-organizing
Line mobile network, it is equal between node, it supports multi-hop communication, has many advantages, such as very strong survivability and flexible networking,
All have broad application prospects in terms of military and civilian.
However, wireless self-organization network is the distributed communication system without control centre, so being generally operational in different
Step mode does not have unified reference clock between all nodes, and different nodes respectively safeguard the local clock of itself.It calculates at present
Network node in machine network is the local zone time for configuring a hardware crystal oscillator and drawing oneself up mostly, since all crystal oscillators are wrong
Difference, and different crystal oscillators even identical crystal oscillator under different physical environments have different frequency shift (FS)s, therefore even if
Sometime the node in system all has reached synchronization, with time integral, can also gradually appear time deviation.Simultaneously because
The multi-hop characteristic of network, each node cannot perceive the information of all nodes of the whole network, can only perceive the office of its neighbor node
Portion's information brings very big trouble to the whole network time synchronization.
Traditional method for synchronizing time at present, such as NTP (Network Time Protocol), node need on network
Server carry out time check and correction, and sync period intermediate node and server need repeatedly to interact every time, are not suitable for wirelessly from group
Knit network system.There are also the method for synchronizing time proposed for wireless self-networking, such as patent CN 201510890277.0
For the method for synchronizing time and device of wireless self-networking, by way of sending synchronization signal within special synchronizing cycle into
Row time synchronization is all in the state of time synchronization with other nodes when ensure that the every task of node.The problem of this method
It is to need continually to send synchronization signal, occupies a large amount of bandwidth resources, while also affects the transmission of normal information, it is uncomfortable
For the wireless ad hoc network systems under narrowband condition.For another example TPSN (Timing-Sync Protocol for Sensor
Networks), the whole network is divided into a kind of the tree-like of layering first by a kind of clock synchronization protocol for multi-hop sensor network
Structure, then successively carry out time synchronization.The problem of this method, is that flexibility is bad, when wherein one layer of host node exits
When, this layer needs to find new host node again from node, occupies a large amount of time and bandwidth resources, is not suitable for narrowband condition
Under wireless ad hoc network systems.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to realize that wireless ad hoc network systems each node under narrowband condition carries out the function of time synchronization,
The present invention proposes wireless ad hoc network method for synchronizing time, node and the wireless ad hoc network under a kind of narrowband condition, this method
Middle network uses proactive, reduces waiting time of the node from networking work；Time synchronization is wide when working from node
Extract synchronization signal in the information broadcast, reduce and synchronize required bandwidth resource consumption, each node also can neatly be added or
It exits network.
Technical solution: in order to realize the above technical effect, technical solution proposed by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of wireless ad hoc network method for synchronizing time under narrowband condition, comprising steps of
(1) after the node booting in the wireless ad hoc network systems, setting parameter first, after the completion of parameter setting, each
Node all starts to continue to monitor the signal from other node broadcasts；
(2) node access networks network and start first time synchronization:
Host node immediately begins to time synchronization after the completion of parameter setting, and broadcast message simultaneously；In the same of broadcast message
When, host node is locally starting timing；
It is carried out by the way of active networking from node into net operation, any one specific steps to network from node i
Are as follows:
After node i is switched on and sets parameter, initiatively continuous broadcast synchronization frame, the content of synchronization frame only include synchronization
The node number i of packet banner and this node；
After the synchronization frame that node i one jumps that the node j in range receives node i, a synchronization is replied to node i immediately
Time frame, content frame synchronization time include frame identification synchronization time, recipient's node number i and sender's current local time
Tj, wherein TjIt is the local zone time calculated with the operation time of node j that the period host node to network for 0 moment；
For node i in the synchronization time for receiving node j reply after frame, record receives local zone time T when frame synchronization timenow,
It goes off the air synchronization frame, and the operation time T of this node is calculated according to temporal information of the synchronization time received in frameI, m；
If node i before receiving frame synchronization time, has received the information frame from node k, then record receives information frame
When local zone time Tnow, synchronization frame of going off the air, and synchronizing information is extracted from information frame: when character information frame joint number N is with sending
The local zone time T of node kk；According to character information frame joint number k and transmission rate, information frame transmission delay t ' is obtaineds, correct Tnow=
Tnow-t′s, then according to TnowCalculate the operation time T of this nodeI, m；
If node i does not receive always any frame synchronization time and information frame, synchronization frame is persistently sent, until receiving reply
Until.
(3) working time slot table is safeguarded: node receives the information frame of other nodes transmission every time, all can after start-up operation
Synchronizing information is therefrom extracted, judges whether to need time synchronization；With the Estimated Time Of Operation of node for estimated time delay, real work
Time is practical time delay, calculates error, and error is the difference of running time and Estimated Time Of Operation；When error is greater than threshold value
When, expression needs to carry out time synchronization, then node regulation working time slot table；Otherwise, without time synchronization, node is according to before
Working time slot table work.
Further, the operation time T of the nodeI, mCalculation method are as follows:
The duration t in estimated each period is calculated firstc=n × tw, n is node total number, then uses TjTo tcModulus,
Obtain current period duration ttemp, then use ttempWith Δ (i, 1) × twBe compared, wherein Δ (i, A) be from
The number of nodes being spaced between node i and host node A, if ttemp< Δ (i, A) × tw, illustrate that current period does not take turns to node i also
Work, then counting current period is the 1st period, the 0 moment T of this node iI, 0=Tnow-ttemp, operation time TI, m=TI, 0+[Δ
(i, A)+(m-1) × n] × tw；If ttemp>=Δ (i, A) × tw, illustrate that current period has had been subjected to the working time slot of node i, then
Meter next cycle is the 1st period, the 0 moment T of this node iI, 0=Tnow-ttemp+tc, operation time TI, m=TI, 0+ [Δ (i,
A)+(m-1)×n]×tw。
Further, the specific steps of the working time slot table maintenance include:
(3-1) remembers that present node is node i, current -1 period of kth for node i work, in local moment TnowIt has received
Broadcast message from node j, then when node j works, T at the time of on node i local clockJ, k-1=Tnow-t′w, wherein
t′wFor node i actual working time, that is, the practical transmission delay t ' of informations；
(3-2) calculates node i in the operation time in kth period:
The then running time of node i and local scheduled time error are as follows:
Δ t=T 'I, k-TI, k
(3-3) is if meetThen illustrate to need time synchronization, then modifies the work that node i locally expects the m period
Make moment TI, m=TI, m+Δt；If meetingIllustrate to work according to local zone time table and will not generate conflict, then node i
Still according to the m cycling moment T locally expected beforeI, mCarry out work；Wherein, tsafeFor threshold value.
A kind of wireless ad hoc network section for realizing the wireless ad hoc network method for synchronizing time under above-mentioned narrowband condition
Point, the node include: synchronization module, receiving module and sending module；
Wherein, receiving module receives the message of other nodes transmission, including synchronization frame, frame synchronization time, information frame, then
It extracts synchronizing information and is sent to synchronization module；
When synchronization module carries out time-delay calculation, time synchronization judgement, operation time calculating, the storage of working time slot table, local
Clock storage；
Sending module stores according to working time slot table and sends synchronization frame, frame synchronization time and information frame.
A kind of wireless ad hoc network, the wireless ad hoc network are made of the wireless ad-hoc network nodes, and described
Wireless ad hoc network uses the wireless ad hoc network method for synchronizing time under the narrowband condition to carry out time synchronization.
The utility model has the advantages that compared with prior art, present invention has the advantage that
Active network access mode is used when node networks, and reduces node from networking the waiting time work.No
Additional synchronizing cycle and synchronization signal are needed, synchronization signal is extracted in the information sent when working normally from node, in node
The task that the deadline synchronizes while work, greatly improves the utilization rate of bandwidth.With the variation of network structure, we
Method each cycle can dynamically adjust each node working time slot, guarantee do not conflict while, can also accomplish node is seamlessly added with
It exits network.Guarantee wireless ad hoc network systems under narrowband condition the moment keep time synchronization between nodes while, when improving
Between bandwidth resources utilization rate and system flexibility.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the wireless ad hoc network method for synchronizing time overall flow figure under the narrowband condition；
Fig. 2 is node structure figure；
Fig. 3 is active networking schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 node networking flow chart；
Fig. 5 is the synchronous flow chart of node time；
Fig. 6 is that node time synchronization judges schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawing.
The invention proposes wireless self-networking method for synchronizing time under a kind of narrowband condition, by using active networking side
Method and synchronization signal extracting method, be respectively used to realize each node of wireless ad hoc network systems under narrowband condition quickly network and when
Carve the function of keeping synchronous.
Fig. 1 is the wireless ad hoc network method for synchronizing time overall flow figure under narrowband condition, is mainly comprised the steps that
Node booting；Parameter is set；Network is added in node；Node carries out time synchronization；Node judges whether to reach operation time, reach
Information frame is just sent, otherwise carries out time synchronization again.
The present invention also proposes a kind of wireless ad-hoc network nodes and a kind of wireless ad hoc network.Wireless ad-hoc network nodes knot
Structure is as shown in Figure 2, comprising: synchronization module, receiving module and sending module；
Wherein, receiving module receives the message of other nodes transmission, including synchronization frame, frame synchronization time, information frame, then
It extracts synchronizing information and is sent to synchronization module；
When synchronization module carries out time-delay calculation, time synchronization judgement, operation time calculating, the storage of working time slot table, local
Clock storage；
Sending module stores according to working time slot table and sends synchronization frame, frame synchronization time and information frame.
Wireless ad hoc network is made of the wireless ad-hoc network nodes, and the wireless ad hoc network is using described narrow
Wireless ad hoc network method for synchronizing time under conditional carries out time synchronization.
The detailed process of above-mentioned wireless ad hoc network method for synchronizing time are as follows:
After node booting, in net state is not entered, synchronization module judgement currently needs to carry out time synchronization, and the time started is same
Step:
For host node, current network is not set up, therefore begins setting up network: meter was currently the 1st period, when current
Carving was 0 moment, and working time slot table is being locally created in synchronization module, and sending module is immediately controlled and sends information frame.
Time synchronization is carried out from node using active method of network entry.Active method of network entry is as shown in figure 3, when taking turns to section
When the working time slot of point B, node E booting, it is assumed that node E only exists this link of node G.If using traditional passive
Formula method of network entry, network could be added after the information for receiving node G in node E, and has had already passed by the work in this period at this time
Time slot needs to start to work until the next period, and here it is the too long working time slots that passive type method of network entry will cause
It waits.And active method of network entry actively constantly can send synchronization frame when node E is switched on, when node G receives synchronization frame,
Can reply one synchronization time frame stop sending synchronization frame after giving node E, node E to receive frame synchronization time, and according to it is synchronous when
Between information in frame complete to network and time synchronization, can start to work in current period.
If having received information frame from node before receiving frame synchronization time, then when being carried out using passive type method of network entry
Between it is synchronous: contain the information such as sending time and frame byte number in the information frame that node is sent, receiving module extracts these information
The operation time that synchronization module calculates sending node is given, to calculate the operation time of this node.
After node is started to work, the information frame of other nodes transmission is received every time, synchronizing information all can be therefrom extracted, give
Synchronization module judges whether to need time synchronization.Since euclidean distance between node pair is closer, propagation delay be can be ignored, processing delay
It can also ignore with queuing delay, therefore time delay is mainly transmission delay.The Estimated Time Of Operation of node is estimated time delay, practical
Working time is practical time delay, and error is the accumulative of the difference of running time and Estimated Time Of Operation.When error be greater than threshold value,
I.e. the half of safety time when, synchronization module is judged to need to carry out time synchronization, then corrects working time slot table；Otherwise, not into
Row time synchronization works according to working time slot table before.
The present invention is further illustrated below by a specific embodiment
Assuming that one share 20 nodes in system, node number is followed successively by A-T, node according to node number from the sequence of A-T according to
It is secondary to work.
Step 1, in wireless ad hoc network systems node booting after, first setting parameter: be arranged this node node number i and
Total number of nodes n in system.After the completion of parameter setting, each node starts to continue to monitor the letter from other node broadcasts
Number.
Step 2, node access networks network and start first time synchronization.As shown in figure 4, according to node number difference, node meeting
There is different operations.It is described in two kinds of situation below:
Step 2.1, node A is played as the host node in system and is established network and control whole system start-up operation
Effect.After node A sets up parameter, time synchronization is immediately begun to, and broadcast message simultaneously.
Specifically, if the information that node A does not need to broadcast, it is newest to broadcast all nodes being locally stored
Space time information (local do not store with null value replacement), otherwise, the newest space time information of all nodes being locally stored
It is broadcasted together with information.
While broadcast, node A is locally starting timing: node A locally expects the operation time in m period are as follows:
TA, m=TA, 0+(m-1)×n×tw
Wherein, TA, mThe time for indicating 0 moment on node A local clock, at the time of enabling node the first task of A here
TA, 1For 0 moment；tw=ts+tsafE, for the time for distributing to the every task of each node；tsFor default information sending time；
tsafeIt is to conflict in order to prevent and reserved buffer time for safety time.
Step 2.2, for the slave node other than host node, passive type networking in order to prevent causes too long working time slot etc.
Wait use active method of network entry to carry out into net operation: set present node number as i, when node i be switched on and set parameter it
It afterwards, can continuous broadcast synchronization frame, the content of synchronization frame only include initiatively synchronizing information packet mark and the node number i of this node.
After node j in a jump range in node i receives the synchronization frame of node i, one is replied together to node i immediately
Time frame is walked, content frame synchronization time includes frame identification synchronization time, recipient's node number i and sender's current local time
Tj, wherein TjIt is the local zone time calculated with the operation time of node j that the period host node to network for 0 moment；
For node i in the synchronization time for receiving node j reply after frame, record receives local zone time T when frame synchronization timenow,
It goes off the air synchronization frame, and the operation time T of this node is calculated according to temporal information of the synchronization time received in frameI, m； TI, m
Calculation method is as follows: calculating the duration t in estimated each period firstc=n × tw, n is node total number, then uses TjTo tc
Modulus obtains current period duration ttemp, then use ttempWith Δ (i, 1) × twBe compared, wherein Δ (i,
It A is) number of nodes being spaced between node i and host node A, if ttemp< Δ (i, A) × tw, illustrate that current period does not take turns to also
Node i work, then counting current period is the 1st period, the 0 moment T of this node iI, 0=Tnow-ttemp, operation time TI, m=TI, 0+
[Δ (i, A)+(m-1) × n] × tw；If ttemp>=Δ (i, A) × tw, when illustrating that current period has had been subjected to the work of node i
Gap, then counting next cycle is the 1st period, the 0 moment T of this node iI, 0=Tnow-ttemp+tc, operation time TI, m=TI, 0+[Δ
(i, A)+(m-1) × n] × tw。
If node i before receiving frame synchronization time, has received the information frame from node k, then record receives information frame
When local zone time Tnow, synchronization frame of going off the air, and synchronizing information is extracted from information frame: when character information frame joint number N is with sending
The local zone time T of node kk；According to character information frame joint number k and transmission rate, information frame transmission delay t ' is obtaineds, correct Tnow=
Tnow-t′s, then according to TnowCalculate the operation time T of this nodeI, m。
If node i does not receive always any frame synchronization time and information frame, synchronization frame is persistently sent, until receiving reply
Until.
Step 3, working time slot table is safeguarded: as shown in figure 5, each node is in the information for receiving other nodes in system
When, it will judge whether to need to carry out time synchronization, modify local estimated sending instant.
If present node is node i, current -1 period of kth for node i work, in local moment TnowIt has received and comes from
The broadcast message of node j, then when node j works, T at the time of on node i local clockJ, k-1=Tnow-t′w, wherein t 'wFor
Node actual working time, that is, the practical transmission delay t ' of informations, according to the information word joint number N and transmission rate received
It obtains.
So as to calculate node i in the operation time in kth period:
The then running time of node i and local scheduled time error are as follows:
Δ t=T 'I, k-TI, k
If meetingSuch as the practical transmission delay 2 in Fig. 6, illustrates to need time synchronization, then modify node i sheet
The operation time T in ground estimated m periodI, m=TI, m+Δt；If meetingSuch as the practical transmission delay 1 in Fig. 6,
Illustrate to work according to local zone time table and will not generate conflict, then still according to the m cycling moment locally expected before
TI, m。
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the wireless ad hoc network method for synchronizing time under a kind of narrowband condition, which is characterized in that comprising steps of
(1) after the node booting in the wireless ad hoc network systems, setting parameter first, after the completion of parameter setting, each node
All start to continue to monitor the signal from other node broadcasts；
(2) node access networks network and start first time synchronization:
Host node immediately begins to time synchronization after the completion of parameter setting, and broadcast message simultaneously；While broadcast message,
Host node is locally starting timing；
It is carried out by the way of active networking from node into net operation, any one specific steps to network from node i are as follows:
After node i is switched on and sets parameter, initiatively continuous broadcast synchronization frame, the content of synchronization frame only include synchronizing information
The node number i of packet mark and this node；
After the synchronization frame that node i one jumps that the node j in range receives node i, a synchronization time is replied to node i immediately
Frame, content frame synchronization time include frame identification synchronization time, recipient's node number i and sender's current local time Tj,
Middle TjIt is the local zone time calculated with the operation time of node j that the period host node to network for 0 moment；
For node i in the synchronization time for receiving node j reply after frame, record receives local zone time T when frame synchronization timenow, stop
Broadcast synchronization frame, and the operation time T of this node is calculated according to temporal information of the synchronization time received in frameI, m；
If node i before receiving frame synchronization time, has received the information frame from node k, then record when receiving information frame
Local zone time Tnow, synchronization frame of going off the air, and synchronizing information is extracted from information frame: character information frame joint number N and node when sending
The local zone time T of kk；According to character information frame joint number k and transmission rate, information frame transmission delay t ' is obtaineds, correct Tnow=Tnow-
t′s, then according to TnowCalculate the operation time T of this nodeI, m；
If node i does not receive always any frame synchronization time and information frame, synchronization frame is persistently sent, is up to receiving reply
Only.
(3) working time slot table is safeguarded: node receives the information frame of other nodes transmission after start-up operation every time, all can be therefrom
Synchronizing information is extracted, judges whether to need time synchronization；With the Estimated Time Of Operation of node for estimated time delay, running time
For practical time delay, error is calculated, error is the difference of running time and Estimated Time Of Operation；When error is greater than threshold value, table
Show and need to carry out time synchronization, then node regulation working time slot table；Otherwise, without time synchronization, node is according to work before
It works as slot table.
2. the wireless ad hoc network method for synchronizing time under a kind of narrowband condition according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The operation time T of the nodeI, mCalculation method are as follows:
The duration t in estimated each period is calculated firstc=n × tw, n is node total number, then uses TjTo tcModulus is worked as
Duration t of preceding periodtemp, then use ttempWith Δ (i, 1) × twIt is compared, wherein Δ (i, A) is from node i
The number of nodes being spaced between host node A, if ttemp< Δ (i, A) × tw, illustrate that current period does not take turns to node i work also, then
Meter current period is the 1st period, the 0 moment T of this node iI, 0=Tnow-ttemp, operation time TI, m=TI, 0+ [Δ (i, A)+(m-
1)×n]×tw；If ttemp>=Δ (i, A) × tw, illustrate that current period has had been subjected to the working time slot of node i, then count next
Period is the 1st period, the 0 moment T of this node iI, 0=Tnow-ttemp+tc, operation time TI, m=TI, 0+ [Δ (i, A)+(m-1) ×
n]×tw。
3. the wireless ad hoc network method for synchronizing time under a kind of narrowband condition according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
The specific steps of working time slot table maintenance include:
(3-1) remembers that present node is node i, current -1 period of kth for node i work, in local moment TnowIt has received and comes from
The broadcast message of node j, then when node j works, T at the time of on node i local clockJ, k-1=Tnow-t′w, wherein t 'wFor
Node i actual working time, that is, the practical transmission delay t ' of informations；
(3-2) calculates node i in the operation time in kth period:
The then running time of node i and local scheduled time error are as follows:
Δ t=T 'I, k-TI, k
(3-3) is if meetThen illustrate to need time synchronization, then when modifying the work in node i local estimated m period
Carve TI, m=TI, m+Δt；If meetingIllustrate to work according to local zone time table and will not generate conflict, then node i is still
According to the m cycling moment T locally expected beforeI, mCarry out work；Wherein, tsafeFor threshold value.
4. a kind of wireless ad hoc network time synchronization for realizing under narrowband condition described in any one of claims 1 to 3
The wireless ad-hoc network nodes of method, which is characterized in that the node includes: synchronization module, receiving module and sending module；
Wherein, receiving module receives the message of other nodes transmission, including synchronization frame, frame synchronization time, information frame, then extracts
Synchronizing information is sent to synchronization module；
Synchronization module carries out time-delay calculation, time synchronization judges, operation time calculates, working time slot table stores, local clock is deposited
Storage；
Sending module stores according to working time slot table and sends synchronization frame, frame synchronization time and information frame.
5. a kind of wireless ad hoc network, which is characterized in that the wireless ad hoc network is wireless from group as described in claim 4
Network node composition, and the wireless ad hoc network is using wireless under narrowband condition described in any one of claims 1 to 3
Ad-hoc network method for synchronizing time carries out time synchronization.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111093247A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-05-01 | 上海五零盛同信息科技有限公司 | Discrete network access method, system, medium and device suitable for narrow-band Internet of things terminal device |
| CN111787607A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-16 | 大唐终端技术有限公司 | Method for improving synchronization precision of ad hoc network |
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