CN110263773B - Display module, display device and manufacturing method of grating film layer - Google Patents
Display module, display device and manufacturing method of grating film layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN110263773B CN110263773B CN201910700692.3A CN201910700692A CN110263773B CN 110263773 B CN110263773 B CN 110263773B CN 201910700692 A CN201910700692 A CN 201910700692A CN 110263773 B CN110263773 B CN 110263773B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133504—Diffusing, scattering, diffracting elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133615—Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
- G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
- G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
- G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
- G06V40/1318—Sensors therefor using electro-optical elements or layers, e.g. electroluminescent sensing
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Abstract
The invention provides a display module, a display device and a manufacturing method of a grating film layer, wherein the display module comprises a display panel and a backlight module which are oppositely arranged, the display panel comprises a light sensation unit, and the backlight module comprises a light guide plate and a light source; the light guide plate comprises a light incident surface and a light emergent surface, and the light emergent surface faces the display panel; the light source is positioned on one side of the light incident surface, and the light emergent direction of the light source faces the light incident surface; the backlight module also comprises a grating film layer, and the grating film layer is positioned on one side of the light guide plate close to the display panel; the grating film layer comprises a transparent grating layer, and the transparent grating layer comprises a plurality of transparent grating columns which are arranged at intervals; the grating film layer further comprises a light shielding layer, the light shielding layer is located on one side, away from the light guide plate, of the transparent grating layer, and the light shielding layer comprises a plurality of light shielding structures, and the plurality of light shielding structures and the plurality of transparent grating columns are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode. According to the invention, the grating film layer is added in the backlight module, so that the half-brightness attenuation visual angle is reduced, and the fingerprint identification rate is improved.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to the technical field, in particular to a display module, a display device comprising the display module and a manufacturing method of a grating film layer.
[ background of the invention ]
With the popularization of mobile display products, information security is receiving much attention from people. A fingerprint is a permanent feature unique to the human body and distinguishable from others, and is composed of a series of ridges and valleys on the surface of the skin at the finger tip, the details of which typically include the branches of the ridges, the ends of the ridges, the arches, the tent arches, the left-handed, right-handed, spiral, or double-handed details, which determine the uniqueness of the fingerprint pattern. Because the fingerprint has the advantages of uniqueness, difficult copying, safety and the like, in recent years, the fingerprint identification technology is widely applied to mobile display products as a mode of identity authentication and access control, so that the safety and the easy operability of the mobile display products are greatly improved.
The optical fingerprint identification is that the refraction and the reflection principle of utilizing light put the finger on the light lens, through the reflection difference of light at finger surface valley and ridge, realizes that the light sense device receives different fingerprint information differentiation, forms the fingerprint image, and the theory of operation is fairly simple, is fit for removing the comprehensive screen design that shows the product.
However, because the fingerprint lines are complicated, the brightness of the light emitted by the light source is seriously attenuated after the light passes through the plurality of film layers, and the requirement on the fingerprint identification rate is high, so that the influence of the reflected light of other visual angles on the fingerprint identification needs to be prevented.
[ summary of the invention ]
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a display module, a display device including the display module, and a method for manufacturing a grating film layer.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a display module, including a display panel and a backlight module, which are disposed opposite to each other, where the display panel includes a light sensing unit, and the backlight module includes a light guide plate and a light source; the light guide plate comprises a light incident surface and a light emergent surface, and the light emergent surface faces the display panel; the light source is positioned on one side of the light incident surface, and the light emergent direction of the light source faces the light incident surface; the backlight module also comprises a grating film layer, and the grating film layer is positioned on one side of the light guide plate close to the display panel; the grating film layer comprises a transparent grating layer, and the transparent grating layer comprises a plurality of transparent grating columns which are arranged at intervals; the grating film layer further comprises a light shielding layer, the light shielding layer is located the transparent grating layer is far away from one side of the light guide plate, the light shielding layer comprises a plurality of light shielding structures, and the plurality of light shielding structures and the plurality of transparent grating columns are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fingerprint identification display device, including the display module provided in the first aspect.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a grating film layer, including: providing a first substrate; coating a light shielding layer on one side of the first substrate, patterning the light shielding layer, and forming a plurality of light shielding structures arranged at intervals; coating a transparent grating material layer on one side of the shading structure, which is far away from the first substrate, patterning the transparent grating material layer to form a plurality of transparent grating columns which are in one-to-one correspondence with the shading structures; and providing a second substrate, coating glue on one side of the second substrate, and attaching the second substrate to one side of the transparent grating column far away from the first substrate to form a grating film layer.
Compared with the prior art, the display module and the fingerprint identification display device provided by the embodiment of the invention have the advantages that the grating film layer is arranged in the backlight module, so that the half-brightness attenuation visual angle of light emitted by the light source after passing through the light guide plate can be reduced, the light intensity of the light with small visual angle can be improved, the influence of reflected light with other visual angles on fingerprint identification can be prevented, and the detection precision of fingerprint identification is greatly improved; according to the manufacturing method of the grating film layer provided by the embodiment of the invention, the manufactured grating film layer can be used in a backlight module to improve the light intensity of light with a small visual angle and prevent reflected light with other visual angles from influencing fingerprint identification, so that the detection precision of the fingerprint identification is improved.
[ description of the drawings ]
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module provided in the related art;
fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display module according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of light exiting through a grating film layer;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of light emitted from the backlight module;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display module according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a portion of a film layer of a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of light rays emerging from the grating film layer 210 of FIG. 6;
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display module according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a diagram of a fingerprint identification driving circuit of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of a portion of the fingerprint recognition drive circuit shown in FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a fingerprint identification display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a grating film layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure formed after steps S1 and S2 in the method of making the grating film layer shown in FIG. 14;
fig. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure formed after step S3 in the method of making a grating film layer shown in fig. 14;
FIG. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure formed after steps S4 and S5 in the method of making the grating film layer shown in FIG. 14;
FIG. 18 is a flow chart of another method for fabricating a grating film layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a grating film layer formed by the method of making a grating film layer shown in fig. 18.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
For better understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, the following detailed descriptions of the embodiments of the present invention are provided with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The terminology used in the embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the examples of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein is merely one type of association that describes an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
It should be understood that although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe devices in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, these devices should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one device from another. For example, a first device may also be referred to as a second device, and similarly, a second device may also be referred to as a first device, without departing from the scope of embodiments of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module provided in the related art. As shown in fig. 1, the display module includes a display panel and a backlight assembly 400 'that are disposed opposite to each other, and further includes a glass cover 500' disposed on a light-emitting surface side of the display panel, where the display panel includes a color filter substrate 200 'and an array substrate 100' that are disposed opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer 300 'located between the color filter substrate 200' and the array substrate 100 ', liquid crystal molecules are in the liquid crystal layer 300', and a fingerprint identification unit 110 'is disposed on the array substrate 100'. Fingerprint identification unit 110 ' during operation, when finger Fi contact display module assembly, the light source shines and takes place the reflection when finger fingerprint's valley line Fi1 and ridge line Fi2 go up, because valley line Fi1 and ridge line Fi 2's reflection angle and the illumination intensity of reflection go back are different, throw light to fingerprint identification unit 110 ' on, fingerprint identification unit 110 ' passes through fingerprint signal line transmission to fingerprint identification signal receiving element (not shown in the figure) with received sensing signal, so that fingerprint identification signal receiving element finds out valley line Fi1 and ridge line Fi2 of fingerprint according to received signal identification. When a finger touches the glass cover plate 500 ', a series of fingerprint ridges and fingerprint valleys on the skin surface of the finger end form a fingerprint, light emitted by the light source reaches the finger Fi after passing through the liquid crystal layer 300 ', the color film substrate 200 ', the glass cover plate 500 ' and other film layers, and then reaches the fingerprint identification unit 110 ' on the array substrate 100 ' after being reflected and sequentially passing through the glass cover plate 500 ', the color film substrate 200 ', the liquid crystal layer 300 ' and other film layers.
The lines of the fingerprint are usually complex, the brightness attenuation is serious after the light emitted by the light source passes through the plurality of film layers, the requirement on the fingerprint identification rate is high, and the influence of reflected light at other visual angles on the fingerprint identification is required to be prevented.
In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a display module, which includes a display panel and a backlight module, which are oppositely disposed, where the display panel includes a light sensing unit, and the backlight module includes a light guide plate and a light source; the light guide plate comprises a light incident surface and a light emergent surface, and the light emergent surface faces the display panel; the light source is positioned on one side of the light incident surface, and the light emergent direction of the light source faces the light incident surface; the backlight module also comprises a grating film layer, and the grating film layer is positioned on one side of the light guide plate close to the display panel; the grating film layer comprises a transparent grating layer, and the transparent grating layer comprises a plurality of transparent grating columns which are arranged at intervals; the grating film layer further comprises a light shielding layer, the light shielding layer is located on one side, away from the light guide plate, of the transparent grating layer, and the light shielding layer comprises a plurality of light shielding structures, and the plurality of light shielding structures and the plurality of transparent grating columns are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
Specifically, please refer to fig. 2 and fig. 3, fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic view of light emitted through a grating film layer, and fig. 2 and fig. 3 only show a partial structure of a display panel for understanding. The display module comprises a display panel 10 and a backlight module 20 which are oppositely arranged, wherein the display panel 10 comprises a light sensation unit 110, and the backlight module 20 comprises a light guide plate 201 and a light source 202; the light guide plate 201 includes a light incident surface 201a and a light emitting surface 201b, and the light emitting surface 201b is disposed toward the display panel 10; the light source 202 is located at one side of the light incident surface 201a, and the light emitting direction of the light source 202 faces the light incident surface 201 a; the backlight module 20 further includes a grating film layer 210, and the grating film layer 210 is located on one side of the light guide plate 201 close to the display panel 10; the grating film layer 210 includes a transparent grating layer 211, and the transparent grating layer 211 includes a plurality of transparent grating columns 2110 arranged at intervals; the grating film layer 210 further includes a light shielding layer 212, the light shielding layer 212 is located on a side of the transparent grating layer 211 away from the light guide plate 201, the light shielding layer 212 includes a plurality of light shielding structures 2120, and the plurality of light shielding structures 2120 and the plurality of transparent grating posts 2110 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, an arrow a in fig. 3 represents a light ray, and compared with the prior art, according to the display module provided by the embodiment of the present invention, by providing the grating film layer 210, the transparent grating posts 2110 in the grating film layer 210 are used for maintaining an optical path, the light shielding structure 2120 is used for shielding a part of the light ray, the light ray which is not shielded is emitted from a gap between the light shielding structures 2120, a half-brightness attenuation viewing angle of the light ray emitted by the light source 202 after passing through the light guide plate 201 can be reduced, so that light intensity of the light ray with a small viewing angle can be improved, influence of reflected light with other viewing angles on fingerprint identification can be prevented, and detection accuracy of fingerprint identification can be greatly improved.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 4, the schematic diagram of the light emitted from the backlight module is shown, and fig. 4 only shows the whole backlight module 20, but does not show the specific structure in the backlight module 20, when the light a is emitted from the backlight module 20 perpendicularly (i.e. the emission angle α is 90 °), the brightness is maximum, which is assumed to be L, and when the light is emitted from the backlight module 20 obliquely, the brightness is attenuated, the half-brightness attenuation viewing angle is the angle of the light with respect to the perpendicular direction when the brightness of the emitted light is 0.5L, as shown in fig. 4, the light a 'is emitted from the backlight module 20 obliquely, which has the emission brightness of 0.5L, and the half-brightness attenuation viewing angle is the angle θ between the light a' and the light a.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the display panel 10 is a liquid crystal display panel, the display panel 10 includes an array substrate 100 and an opposite substrate 200 that are disposed opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer 300 located between the array substrate 100 and the opposite substrate 200, the array substrate 100 generally includes a plurality of scan lines and a plurality of data lines (not shown in the figure), the scan lines and the data lines are disposed in an insulating and intersecting manner and define a plurality of sub-pixel regions (not shown in the figure), each sub-pixel region includes a thin film transistor and a pixel electrode (not shown in the figure), the array substrate 100 may further include a common electrode (not shown in the figure), and during display, a parallel electric field is formed between the pixel electrode and the common electrode to drive the liquid crystal to rotate so as to implement a display function. The size of the array substrate 100 may be larger than that of the color filter substrate 200, so that the array substrate 100 forms a step region (not shown) for binding devices such as an integrated circuit chip providing various driving signals for the array substrate 100. In fig. 6, the array substrate 100 only shows the substrate 101 and the light sensing unit 110, and in an actual product, the scan lines, the data lines, the thin film transistors, the pixel electrodes, the common electrodes, and other elements may be disposed on one side of the substrate 101 close to the color filter substrate 200, which is not described herein again.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the backlight module 20 is further configured to provide a backlight source for the display panel 10 to implement display. The backlight source may be provided separately from the light source 202 in the embodiment of the present invention, or may be integrated with the light source 202 in the embodiment of the present invention, and the light source 202 is used to provide both fingerprint identification light for fingerprint identification and backlight for display on the display panel. Of course, the fingerprint identification light and the backlight are not necessarily the same light, for example, the fingerprint identification light may be infrared light, and the backlight may be white light, so as to prevent the two from affecting each other.
Referring to fig. 2, optionally, in this embodiment, the orthographic projection of the surface of the transparent grating post 2110 near the side of the display panel 10 on the display panel 10 covers the orthographic projection of the surface of the transparent grating post 2110 far from the side of the display panel 10 on the display panel 10, so that the distance between the two adjacent transparent grating posts 2110 far from the side of the display panel 10 is greater than or equal to the distance between the two adjacent transparent grating posts 2110 near the side of the display panel 10, and therefore, more light rays can be emitted directly from the space between the two adjacent transparent grating posts 2110, thereby increasing the light intensity of the emitted light rays and improving the detection accuracy of fingerprint identification.
Further, the transparent grating posts 2110 may be in the shape of a truncated pyramid or a rectangular parallelepiped, so that the distance between two adjacent transparent grating posts 2110 far from the side of the display panel 10 is greater than or equal to the distance between two adjacent transparent grating posts 2110 near the side of the display panel 10, for example, in fig. 2, the transparent grating posts 2110 are in the shape of a truncated pyramid, and in another alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, a schematic cross-sectional view of another display module provided by an embodiment of the present invention is provided, and the shape of the transparent grating posts 2110 may also be in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and in this embodiment, the same points as those of the display panel shown in fig. 2 are not repeated, but the grating film layer 210 further includes a first substrate 210a and a second substrate 210b, the transparent grating layer 211 and the light shielding layer 212 are located between the first substrate 210a and the second substrate 210b, and the second substrate 210b is located on a side of the transparent grating layer 211 close to the light guide plate 201. The transparent grating layer 211 and the light shielding layer 212 are disposed between the first substrate 210a and the second substrate 210b, and the first substrate 210a and the second substrate 210b are used to fix the transparent grating posts 2110 in the transparent grating layer 211 and the light shielding structure 2120 in the light shielding layer 212.
Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and in this embodiment, the same points as those of the display panel shown in fig. 6 are not repeated, but the grating film layer 210 further includes a reflective layer 213, the reflective layer 213 is located between the light-shielding layer 212 and the transparent grating layer 211, and at least one side of the reflective layer 213 close to the transparent grating layer 211 is a reflective surface; the reflective layer 213 includes a plurality of reflective structures 2130, and the plurality of reflective structures 2130 and the plurality of transparent grating posts 2110 are disposed in a one-to-one correspondence. The reflection structure 2130 is used for reflecting light rays irradiated from the light emitting surface 201b of the light guide plate 201 to the reflection structure 2130, so that the utilization rate of the light rays is improved, and the light intensity of the emergent light rays is enhanced.
Referring to fig. 6 again, in order to reduce the number of film layers and reduce the manufacturing cost in the process, the light shielding structure 2120 may be reused as a reflective structure, and at least one side of the light shielding structure 2120 close to the transparent grating layer 211 is a reflective surface, so that the light shielding structure 2120 may play a role of shielding light, and may also reflect light that is irradiated onto the light shielding structure 2120 from the light emitting surface 201b of the light guide plate 201, thereby improving the utilization rate of light and enhancing the light intensity of emergent light.
Optionally, in the above embodiments, the orthographic projection of the surface of the transparent grating post 2110 near the display panel 10 on the display panel 10 coincides with the orthographic projection of the reflective structure on the display panel 10, that is, the surface of the transparent grating post 2110 near the display panel 10 coincides with the shape and size of the reflective structure, so as to fully and reasonably utilize the space on the display panel 10.
Optionally, in the above embodiments, the transparent grating posts 2110 are arranged in an array. Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a portion of a film layer of a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 8 only exemplarily shows a first substrate 210a and transparent grating columns 2110, the plurality of transparent grating columns 2110 are arranged in an m × n array, and m and n are integers greater than 1. In fig. 8, the array row direction is the x direction, the array column direction is the y direction, and a 4 × 3 array is described as an example. It should be noted that, when the plurality of transparent grating posts 2110 are arranged in an m × n array, and the shape of the transparent grating posts 2110 may be a truncated pyramid or a rectangular parallelepiped, the edges of two adjacent transparent grating posts 2110 are parallel to each other, so that the distance between two adjacent transparent grating posts 2110 is a fixed value, and the distance between any two adjacent transparent grating posts 2110 is equal, so that the grating function can be performed, the half-brightness attenuation viewing angle of the light passing through the grating film layer 210 is consistent, and the output light intensity is uniform.
Alternatively, in the above embodiments, the grating film layer 210 may adjust the half-brightness attenuation viewing angle to be equal to or less than 25 °. Specifically, please take fig. 9 as an example, fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of light rays emitted from the grating film layer 210 of fig. 6, a light ray a perpendicularly emitted from the grating film layer 210, an emission angle a is 90 °, the luminance of the light ray a is L, an emission range of light rays with luminance greater than or equal to 0.5L is equivalent to a range between two light rays a ', an emission angle b of the light ray a' is a half-luminance attenuation viewing angle, and b is less than or equal to 25 °. In the embodiment of the present invention, according to the formula h × tan (b) ═ d/2, the half-brightness attenuation viewing angle b can be specifically adjusted by adjusting the distance h between the first substrate 210a and the second substrate 210b and the distance d between two adjacent light shielding structures 2120. Further, the half-brightness attenuation viewing angle can be adjusted to be 25 ° or less and 20 ° or more, i.e., b is 20 ° or more and 25 ° or less. This is because if the half-brightness reduction viewing angle is too small, the distance d between the adjacent two light shielding structures 2120 needs to be set small, which is difficult to achieve technically, and therefore the half-brightness reduction viewing angle is selected to be 25 ° or less and 20 ° or more.
On the basis of the foregoing embodiments, please refer to fig. 10, and fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and in this embodiment, the same parts as those of the display panel shown in fig. 7 are not repeated, but the backlight module 20 may further include a diffusion sheet 205 and a brightness enhancement film 206, and the grating film layer 210 is located on one side of the diffusion sheet 205 and the brightness enhancement film 206 away from the light guide plate 201. The diffusion sheet 205 is used to convert light into a uniform surface light source, and the brightness enhancement film 206 concentrates the dispersed light in the front direction to improve the brightness of the emergent light. The grating film layer 210 is located on one side of the diffusion sheet 205 and the brightness enhancement film 206 away from the light guide plate 201, light is diffused and gathered and then passes through the grating film layer 210, the half-brightness attenuation visual angle of the light emitted from the backlight module can be effectively reduced, and the light intensity of the light with a small visual angle is improved. In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, the material used for the transparent grating layer 211 in the grating film layer 210 may be the same transparent material as the brightness enhancement film 206, such as acrylic resin, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto, and other similar materials may also be used.
Of course, in the above embodiments, the backlight module 20 may further include a reflective sheet 204 located on a side of the light guide plate 201 away from the display panel 10, which is not described herein again.
Referring to fig. 11 and 12, fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a fingerprint identification driving circuit of a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 12 is a partially enlarged view of the fingerprint identification driving circuit shown in fig. 11. The fingerprint identification driving circuit comprises a plurality of fingerprint identification units 12, wherein each fingerprint identification unit 12 comprises at least one first thin film transistor 11 and at least one light sensing unit 110. In each fingerprint identification unit 12, at least one first thin film transistor 11 is connected to the light sensing unit 110, in fig. 11 and 12, one first thin film transistor 11 drives one light sensing unit 110, but it is also possible that one first thin film transistor drives a plurality of light sensing units, or a plurality of first thin film transistors drives one light sensing unit, where the number of the first thin film transistors driving the light sensing units and the number of the first thin film transistors driving the light sensing units are not particularly limited. The light sensing unit 110 may be a photodiode. In this embodiment, the array substrate of the display panel further includes a plurality of first scan lines 50 extending along the first direction X for providing scan driving signals to the light sensing units 110), optionally, the first scan lines 50 in this embodiment may be multiplexed as scan lines on the array substrate, the fingerprint identification driving circuit further includes a first data line 60, the first scan lines 50 and the first data line 60 cross and insulate to define an area where the plurality of fingerprint identification units 12 are located, and at least two light sensing units 110 in the same row of fingerprint identification units 12 are electrically connected to the same first scan line 50.
Referring to fig. 12, the first data line 60 is connected to the source electrode 112 or the drain electrode 113; the first scan line 50 is connected to the gate electrode 111. One end of the photodiode is connected to the source 112 or the drain 113, and the other end is connected to the common voltage Vbias. The first thin film transistor 11 includes a gate 111, a source 112, and a drain 113, the gate 111 being electrically connected to the first scan line 50, the source 112 being electrically connected to a cathode 1101 of the photodiode, the drain 113 being electrically connected to the first data line 60, an anode 1102 of the photodiode being connected to the common voltage Vbias, and the cathode 1101 of the photodiode being connected to the signal voltage Vref.
The working principle of the fingerprint identification unit 12 is as follows: the first scan line 50 is electrically connected to the gate 111 of the first thin film transistor 11, and the first thin film transistor 11 may be turned on by supplying an electrical signal to the first scan line 50, so that the photodiodes are turned on row by row or at once in the first direction X, when the photodiode is illuminated, the signal voltage Vref corresponding to the cathode 1101 of the photodiode changes, i.e., when a finger touches the screen, the light source is reflected as it strikes the valleys and ridges of the finger fingerprint, because the reflection angles of the valley line and the ridge line and the intensity of the reflected light are different, the light is projected onto the photodiode, the resistance value of the photodiode is changed, a leakage current signal is generated, the photodiode transmits the leakage current signal to the first data line 60 through the first thin film transistor 11 in a conducting state, the fingerprint identification signal receiving unit 40 connected to the first data line 60 identifies valleys and ridges of the fingerprint. Note that, when no light source is irradiated, the photodiode does not send any electrical signal to the first data line 60.
Still need explain, the display module assembly includes the display area usually and surrounds the non-display area of display area for realize that fingerprint identification's region is fingerprint identification district, and fingerprint identification unit among the above-mentioned embodiment is located fingerprint identification district promptly. The fingerprint identification district can overlap with the display area part, can realize the local fingerprint identification function of full-screen display module assembly through the fingerprint identification district. The fingerprint identification district also can overlap completely with the display area, and the fingerprint identification unit is covered with the display area promptly, and finger touch all can trigger the fingerprint identification unit and carry out fingerprint identification in arbitrary position on the screen, realizes full-screen fingerprint identification function, makes fingerprint identification's precision higher more convenient and fast.
Based on the above inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a fingerprint identification display device, and fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the fingerprint identification display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 13, the fingerprint identification display device includes a display module 500 according to any embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the fingerprint identification display device is a mobile phone, and in other optional embodiments of the present invention, the fingerprint identification display device may be any device having display and fingerprint identification functions, such as a tablet computer and a notebook computer.
In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for manufacturing a grating film layer, which is used to manufacture the grating film layer in the display panel provided in the foregoing embodiments, please refer to fig. 14, where fig. 14 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a grating film layer provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and the method includes:
step S1: providing a first substrate;
step S2: coating a light shielding layer on one side of the first substrate, patterning the light shielding layer, and forming a plurality of light shielding structures arranged at intervals;
step S3: coating a transparent grating material layer on one side of the shading structure, which is far away from the first substrate, patterning the transparent grating material layer to form a plurality of transparent grating columns which are in one-to-one correspondence with the shading structures;
step S4: providing a second substrate, and coating glue on one side of the second substrate;
step S5: and attaching the second substrate to one side of the transparent grating column, which is far away from the first substrate, to form a grating film layer.
Specifically, referring to fig. 15-17, fig. 15-17 are schematic cross-sectional views of structures formed in steps of the method for manufacturing a grating film layer shown in fig. 14. Fig. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure formed after steps S1 and S2 in the method for fabricating a grating film layer shown in fig. 14, wherein in step S1, a first substrate 210a is provided; in step S2, a light-shielding layer 212 is applied on one side of the first substrate 210a, and the light-shielding layer 212 is patterned to form a plurality of light-shielding structures 2120 disposed at intervals.
Fig. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure formed after step S3 in the method for manufacturing the grating film layer shown in fig. 14, in step S3, the transparent grating material layer 211 is coated on the side of the light-shielding structures 2120 away from the first substrate 210a, and the transparent grating material layer 211 is patterned to form a plurality of transparent grating posts 2110 corresponding to the plurality of light-shielding structures 2120.
Fig. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure formed after steps S4 and S5 in the method for manufacturing the grating film layer shown in fig. 14, wherein in step S4, a second substrate 210b is provided, and glue is applied to one side of the second substrate 210 b; the second substrate 210b is attached to the side of the transparent grating post 2110 away from the first substrate 210a to form a grating film layer.
According to the manufacturing method of the grating film layer provided by the embodiment of the invention, the manufactured grating film layer can be used in the backlight module of the display module provided by the embodiment, so that the light intensity of light with a small visual angle is improved, the influence of reflected light with other visual angles on fingerprint identification is prevented, and the detection precision of the fingerprint identification is improved.
In step S2, optionally, the light-shielding structure 2120 is reused as a reflective structure, that is, the light-shielding structure 2120 is made of a reflective material, and at least one side of the light-shielding structure 2120 away from the first substrate 210a is a reflective surface.
In step S3, optionally, the orthographic projection of the surface of the transparent grating post 2110 on the side close to the first substrate 210a on the first substrate 210a covers the orthographic projection of the surface of the transparent grating post 2110 on the side away from the first substrate 210a on the first substrate 210 a. Optionally, the transparent grating post 2110 is in the shape of a prism or a cuboid. Further, the transparent grating posts 2110 may be arranged in an array.
Referring to fig. 18, fig. 18 is a flowchart of another method for manufacturing a grating film layer according to an embodiment of the present invention, and in this embodiment, the same points as the method for manufacturing a grating film layer shown in fig. 14 are not repeated, except that step S21 is further included after step S2 and before step S3: a reflective layer 213 is coated on a side of the light shielding structure away from the first substrate 210a, at least one side of the reflective layer 213 away from the first substrate 210a is a reflective surface, and the reflective layer 213 is patterned to form a plurality of reflective structures 2130 corresponding to the plurality of light shielding structures 2120. Fig. 19 shows a grating film layer obtained by the method for manufacturing a grating film layer shown in fig. 18, and fig. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the grating film layer formed by the method for manufacturing a grating film layer shown in fig. 18, which is not described herein again.
In the above two methods for manufacturing the grating film layer, optionally, an orthogonal projection of the surface of the transparent grating post 2110 near the first substrate 210a on the first substrate 210a coincides with an orthogonal projection of the reflective structure on the first substrate 210 a.
Furthermore, the refractive index of the glue is larger than or equal to 1.52, so that the reflection of the glue to light is reduced, the transmittance of the light is increased, and the light intensity of the fingerprint identification light is further improved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. A display module comprises a display panel and a backlight module which are oppositely arranged, and is characterized in that the display panel comprises a light sensation unit, and the backlight module comprises a light guide plate and a light source;
the light guide plate comprises a light incident surface and a light emergent surface, and the light emergent surface faces the display panel;
the light source is positioned on one side of the light incident surface, and the light emergent direction of the light source faces the light incident surface;
the backlight module also comprises a grating film layer, and the grating film layer is positioned on one side of the light guide plate close to the display panel;
the grating film layer comprises a transparent grating layer, and the transparent grating layer comprises a plurality of transparent grating columns which are arranged at intervals;
the grating film layer further comprises a light shielding layer, the light shielding layer is positioned on one side, far away from the light guide plate, of the transparent grating layer, the light shielding layer comprises a plurality of light shielding structures, and the light shielding structures and the transparent grating columns are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the grating film layer further comprises a reflecting layer, the reflecting layer is located between the shading layer and the transparent grating layer, and at least one side of the reflecting layer, which is close to the transparent grating layer, is a reflecting surface;
the reflecting layer comprises a plurality of reflecting structures, and the reflecting structures and the transparent grating columns are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
2. The display module of claim 1, wherein an orthographic projection of a surface of the transparent grating posts on a side close to the display panel on the display panel covers an orthographic projection of a surface of the transparent grating posts on a side far from the display panel on the display panel.
3. The display module according to claim 2, wherein the transparent grating columns are in the shape of a prismoid or a cuboid.
4. The display module of claim 1, wherein the plurality of transparent grating posts are arranged in an array.
5. The display module according to claim 1, wherein the grating film layer further comprises a first substrate and a second substrate, the transparent grating layer is located between the first substrate and the second substrate, and the second substrate is located on a side of the transparent grating layer close to the light guide plate.
6. The display module of claim 1, wherein an orthographic projection of a surface of the transparent grating column on a side close to the display panel on the display panel coincides with an orthographic projection of the reflective structure on the display panel.
7. The display module of claim 1, wherein the backlight module further comprises a diffuser and a brightness enhancement film, and the grating film layer is disposed on a side of the diffuser and the brightness enhancement film away from the light guide plate.
8. A fingerprint recognition display device comprising the display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. A method of making a layer of a grating film in a display module of any one of claims 1-7, comprising:
step S1: providing a first substrate;
step S2: coating a light shielding layer on one side of the first substrate, patterning the light shielding layer, and forming a plurality of light shielding structures arranged at intervals;
step S3: coating a transparent grating material layer on one side of the shading structure, which is far away from the first substrate, patterning the transparent grating material layer to form a plurality of transparent grating columns which are in one-to-one correspondence with the shading structures;
step S4: providing a second substrate, coating glue on one side of the second substrate,
step S5: attaching the second substrate to one side of the transparent grating column, which is far away from the first substrate, to form a grating film layer;
step S21 is further included after step S2 and before step S3: and coating a layer of reflecting layer on one side of the shading structure far away from the first substrate, wherein at least one side of the reflecting layer far away from the first substrate is a reflecting surface, and patterning the reflecting layer to form a plurality of reflecting structures which are in one-to-one correspondence with the shading structures.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein an orthographic projection of a surface of the transparent grating pillar on a side close to the first substrate on the first substrate covers an orthographic projection of a surface of the transparent grating pillar on a side away from the first substrate on the first substrate.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the transparent grating pillars have a shape of a truncated pyramid or a rectangular parallelepiped.
12. The method of claim 9, wherein the plurality of transparent grating pillars are arranged in an array.
13. The method of claim 11, wherein an orthographic projection of a surface of the transparent grating pillar on a side close to the first substrate on the first substrate coincides with an orthographic projection of the reflective structure on the first substrate.
14. The method of claim 9, wherein the glue has a refractive index of 1.52 or greater.
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| CN110650228A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2020-01-03 | 上海摩软通讯技术有限公司 | Display panel and display device |
| CN111061089B (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2021-04-27 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | Display device |
| CN111461040A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-07-28 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | Electronic equipment and optical fingerprint identification module thereof |
| CN113777819B (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2023-06-06 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display panel and display device |
| CN111552109A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-08-18 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display module, driving method thereof and display device |
| CN112596301A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-02 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | Backlight module and display device |
| CN113075817A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-07-06 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | Backlight module and liquid crystal display device |
| CN113193008B (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2022-11-01 | 武汉华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 | Display module and display device |
| CN113724613B (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2023-06-02 | 湖北长江新型显示产业创新中心有限公司 | Display module |
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