CN110261235A - Crack country rock anchoring property damage measure device and test method - Google Patents
Crack country rock anchoring property damage measure device and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110261235A CN110261235A CN201910601588.9A CN201910601588A CN110261235A CN 110261235 A CN110261235 A CN 110261235A CN 201910601588 A CN201910601588 A CN 201910601588A CN 110261235 A CN110261235 A CN 110261235A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of crack country rock anchoring property damage measure device and test methods, it is related to suspension roof support performance test technical field, the device includes servo hydraulic cylinder, connection framework, loading frame, annular cylinder and anchor pole stationary fixture, servo hydraulic cylinder is fixed on loading frame, servo hydraulic cylinder includes top servo hydraulic cylinder and side servo hydraulic cylinder, servo hydraulic cylinder pressurizes to damage crack test specimen or intact rock test specimen, connection framework is fixedly connected with loading frame, the end of connection framework is arranged in annular cylinder, the end of annular cylinder is provided with anchor pole stationary fixture, one end of test anchor pole is fixed by anchor pole stationary fixture, other end setting is in damage crack test specimen, pass through servo hydraulic cylinder simulated ground stress, pass through annular cylinder drawing bolt.The device and method can complete the simulation test that rock convergence measure influences anchor-holding force of anchor bolt, test different crack country rock anchoring property damage evolution laws, can also carry out anchor pole (rope) Mechanics Performance Testing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to suspension roof support performance test technical field, the anchoring property of especially a kind of crack country rock, which damages, to be surveyed
Trial assembly is set, and the method tested using the device.
Background technique
The noncontinuity of country rock is the common problem faced in geotechnical engineering construction.Natural rock mass is in specific geological environment
In, caused to form various perforations or non-through joint fissure inside rock mass by geological stress effect.This cranny structure influences
The physico-mechanical properties and characteristic of country rock, cause the safety problem frequently encountered in the engineerings such as mining, tunnel and the underground space.
Numerous theoretical researches show that extension of the unstable failure of roadway surrounding rock mostly with its internal joint, crack penetrates through with engineering practice
It is related.Anchor rod anchored technology can significantly improve the mechanical characteristic of crack country rock, limit extension, the perforation of country rock internal crack,
The globality and stability for enhancing crack country rock, have been widely used in the geotechnical engineerings such as vcehicular tunnel, embankment slope at present
Every field.
For coal mine roadway, anchor pole is mostly used to anchor tunnel greatly at present, but the geology power as locating for the country rock of crack
It is complicated to learn environment, the factors such as process equipment involved in anchoring engineering are numerous in addition, lead to crack country rock support with bolting mechanism
Research far lags behind engineering practice, and anchoring engineering design relies on experience and semiempirical method more.Firstly, crack country rock is mostly non-
Non-individual body, mechanics parameter and intact rock test specimen parameter are there are notable difference, and Mechanical property is weakened, specifically
Parameter is not easy to determine, brings difficulty to numerical simulation and theory analysis；Secondly, wall-rock crack detection in support engineering scene is complicated
Difficulty blocks pouring water into borehole method using ultrasonic Detector for Wall Rock Crack or both-end and detects, it is difficult to carry out long term monitoring, and anchor
After construction, anchoring country rock belongs to concealed work, and the feature and rule that crack rock interacts with anchor pole are not easy to spy upon.Finally,
At present about the research of crack rock mechanical characteristic mainly based on experimental study, domestic and foreign scholars have been directed to Single Fracture, double have split
The jointed rock mass of the forms such as gap and more cracks has carried out a large amount of research, achieves a series of achievements；Test for anchor force,
It is at this stage mostly destructive pull-out test, majority test does not consider the environmental factors such as true surrounding rock structure form and crustal stress；
The testing equipment of country rock anchoring property generally can apply face power simulated ground stress to rock sample, but be difficult to realize be directed to and enclose
The influence of rock initial fissure or secondary interstice to anchor-holding force of anchor bolt carries out quantitative research, does not also account under rock mass high-stress state
Elastoplasticity variation, and then the truth destroyed occurs.
After anchoring drilling construction, drilling palisades are influenced by drilling, stresses re-distribution and adopt movement with can also generate crack,
Under the influence of secondary interstice and primary joint crack, the anchoring property of country rock will be by a degree of influence, wherein country rock
The influence degree in crack how, anchoring wall-rock crack propagation law how and crack rock load-carrying properties how, these problems
Solution needs to carry out scientific and reasonable experimental study.Therefore based on the needs studied above, considering wall-rock crack to anchor pole anchor
On the basis of solidity energy damage influence and anchor pole are to crack rock anchorage control action effect, to anchoring performance testing device and anchor
The test method of bar anchoring property is further improved and is necessary.The key of experimental study is that feasible simulation goes out big ruler
Degree crack country rock, rather than prefabricated crack rock sample can use two ways, and for country rock primary joint crack, use is quiet
State cracking agent fracturing method obtains；For the secondary interstice of borehole circumference, using loading method simulated ground stress and can adopt
Stress makes borehole circumference country rock enter plastic zone.Therefore it needs considering rock convergence measure crack on the anchoring of anchor pole influence
On the basis of, to crack country rock anchoring property damage measure device and test method is further is improved.
Summary of the invention
In order to realize simulation test that rock convergence measure influences anchor-holding force of anchor bolt, and then preferably study anchor rod anchored property
Can, the present invention provides a kind of crack country rock anchoring property damage measure device and method, specific technical solution is as follows.
Crack country rock anchoring property damage measure device, including servo hydraulic cylinder, connection framework, loading frame, annular oil
Cylinder and anchor pole stationary fixture, servo hydraulic cylinder are fixed on loading frame, and servo hydraulic cylinder includes top servo hydraulic cylinder and side
Surface servo hydraulic cylinder；Damage crack test specimen is placed in loading frame, servo hydraulic cylinder is to damage crack test specimen pressurization；Connection framework
It is fixedly connected with loading frame, the end of connection framework is arranged in annular cylinder；The end of annular cylinder is provided with anchor pole and fixes
Fixture；One end of test anchor pole is fixed by anchor pole stationary fixture, and other side setting is in damage crack test specimen.
Preferably, it is provided with 1 or 1 or more drilling on damage crack test specimen, is provided with static crushing in drilling
Agent；The test anchor pole is fixed on the middle part of damage crack test specimen.
It may further be preferable that damage crack test specimen is made using test piece mould, test piece mould includes multiple Die and mould plates, mould
Tool plate is fixed by nut and plug-in opening；The damage crack sample dimensions and the size phase inside loading frame of test piece mould production
It adapts to.
It is also preferred that the contact face side of loading frame and connection framework be provided with blocking folder, connection framework and plus
Carry frame setting on the fixed base；Displacement protecting device is provided in connection framework, displacement protecting device is non-contacting to be arranged
On anchor pole.
It is also preferred that top servo hydraulic cylinder is at least provided with 2 respectively to damage crack test specimen load, top servo
The two sides of loading frame section where hydraulic cylinder are respectively set that there are two corresponding side servo hydraulic cylinders.
A kind of test method of crack country rock anchoring property damage measure is damaged using above-mentioned crack country rock anchoring property
Test device is tested, and step includes:
Step A1The simulation test specimen or enchashment field rock production simulation test specimen of analog material are made；
Step B1The fissure direction and crack range for delimiting simulation test specimen, drill to test specimen；
Step C1The simulation test specimen after drilling is put into test piece mould, nut fastens test piece mould, and by static crushing
Agent is put into drilling, production damage crack；
Step D1Position, direction and the range in observation damage crack after polishing surface of test piece, obtains damage crack test specimen,
It is drilled with armature boring on damage crack test specimen, test anchor pole is put into armature boring with fixing agent for anchor poles jointly；
Step E1It after fixing agent for anchor poles anchoring, is put into loading frame from damage crack test specimen is taken out in test piece mould, anchor
The end of bar stationary fixture fixing anchor bar loads damage crack test specimen by servo hydraulic cylinder；
Step F1Anchor rod drawing is carried out by annular cylinder, the anchor rod drawing power variation during record test, and damage
Hurt the damage type, Fracture Width and crack quantity of crack test specimen.
A kind of test method of crack country rock anchoring property damage measure is split using a kind of above-mentioned anchor rod anchored section of country rock
The experimental rig of gap damage influence anchoring property, step include:
Step A2The simulation test specimen or enchashment field rock production simulation test specimen of analog material are made；
Step B2It is drilled with armature boring on simulation test specimen, test anchor pole is put into anchor pole with fixing agent for anchor poles jointly and is bored
Hole；
Step C2After fixing agent for anchor poles anchoring, the fissure direction and crack range of simulation test specimen delimited, test specimen bored
Hole；
Step D2The simulation test specimen after drilling is put into test piece mould, nut fastens test piece mould, and by static crushing
Agent is put into drilling, production damage crack；
Step E2Position, direction and the range in observation damage crack after polishing surface of test piece, obtains damage crack test specimen,
It is put into loading frame from damage crack test specimen is taken out in test piece mould, the end of anchor pole stationary fixture fixing anchor bar, by watching
Hydraulic cylinder is taken to load damage crack test specimen；
Step F2Anchor rod drawing is carried out by annular cylinder, the anchor rod drawing power variation during record test, and damage
Hurt the damage type, Fracture Width and crack quantity of crack test specimen.
A kind of test method of crack country rock anchoring property damage measure is split using a kind of above-mentioned anchor rod anchored section of country rock
The experimental rig of gap damage influence anchoring property, step include:
Step A3The simulation test specimen or enchashment field rock production simulation test specimen of analog material are made；
Step B3It is drilled with armature boring on simulation test specimen, test anchor pole is put into anchor pole with fixing agent for anchor poles jointly and is bored
Hole；
Step C3After fixing agent for anchor poles anchoring, the fissure direction and crack range of simulation test specimen delimited, test specimen bored
Hole；
Step D3The simulation test specimen after drilling is put into test piece mould, nut fastens test piece mould, and will delay static state
Cracking agent is put into drilling；
Step E3It takes out from test piece mould, after polishing surface of test piece, simulation test specimen is put into loading frame, anchor pole
The end of stationary fixture fixing anchor bar loads damage crack test specimen by servo hydraulic cylinder；
Step F3Anchor rod drawing is carried out by annular cylinder, the effect of delay static breaking agent, simulates test specimen in drawing process
Damage crack test specimen is obtained in the interior crack propagation that draws the line；Anchor rod drawing power variation during record test, and damage
Damage type, Fracture Width and the crack quantity of crack test specimen.
It is also preferred that damage crack test specimen is before being put into loading frame in the rubber-coated film in surface；It is described static broken
The broken dose of bore dia being put into is less than or equal to 20mm；Damage crack test specimen further includes drilling side wall damage crack test specimen, is led to after drilling
It crosses servo hydraulic cylinder to load the test specimen of drilling, drilling side wall generates damage crack and obtains drilling side wall damage crack examination
Part.
Further it is also preferred that damage crack test specimen has analog material to be made, analog material is concrete or stone
Cream, the damage crack be 1 or a plurality of, damage crack perpendicular to test specimen or with test specimen oblique.
The beneficial effect comprise that
(1) crack country rock anchoring property damage measure device, by servo hydraulic cylinder and loading frame to damage crack
The load of country rock test specimen can also be used the method and increase load fracturing drilling side to simulate the crustal stress condition of anchoring country rock
Wall country rock obtains anchoring drilling side wall region crack and damages country rock test specimen；It is loaded using annular cylinder, so that simulation is along anchor
The rockbolt stress in bar direction, and then the crack under the conditions of different damage configurations, Injured level can be carried out by the device
Country rock anchors pull-out test.Common anchor rod drawing test does not generally consider rock convergence measure and crustal stress condition, which is anchor
The mechanical property indoor test and anchor rod anchored performance test research of bar provide innovation platform.
(2) by production damage crack country rock test specimen, and then the anchor rod anchored period anchoring section of analog study damages crack pair
The influence of anchoring property is arranged small bore and can accurately make suitable damage crack test specimen using static breaking agent.Examination
Part mold further facilitates the production of damage crack test specimen, additionally it is possible to and prevent rock sample from generating big cubic deformation, into
And installation of the subsequent test specimen on testing machine is influenced, or even the perimeter strip of crack country rock test specimen can also be simulated with test piece mould
Part；Stop the setting of folder that test specimen can be effectively fixed, and can also be fixed when carrying out the test of common bolt tensile property
One end of anchor pole；Displacement protecting device can prevent anchor pole transition from stretching, record misalignment, and protection test device.
(3) this method carries out anchor rod drawing test after production damages crack test specimen, is making full use of the apparatus structure
On the basis of, it can be by adjusting the different crustal stress condition of servo hydraulic cylinder loading simulation to anchor rod anchored section of anchoring property shadow
It rings, carries out anchoring property detection test by the way that different damage cracks is arranged, research damage crack is to anchor force, anchoring load
The influence of energy, and influence of the cranny development process to anchor rod anchored performance is studied by delay static breaking agent, pass through simulation
Crack generates the anchor force variation, wall-rock crack extension and fracturing features comparative study anchor pole of front and back anchoring country rock to wall-rock crack
Control action.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is crack country rock anchoring property damage measure apparatus structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the front view of experimental rig；
Fig. 3 is the top view of experimental rig；
Fig. 4 is provided with the loading frame section schematic cross-sectional view of rear portion servo hydraulic cylinder；
Fig. 5 is to stop clamping structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is test piece mould structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is the test method flow chart in embodiment 1；
Fig. 8 is the test method flow chart in embodiment 2；
Fig. 9 is the test method flow chart in embodiment 3；
Figure 10 is to damage crack perpendicular to the damage crack test specimen structural schematic diagram of test specimen；
Figure 11 is the damage crack test specimen structural schematic diagram for damaging crack and test specimen oblique；
Figure 12 is the damage crack test specimen structural schematic diagram in single damage crack and test specimen oblique；
Figure 13 is the drawing force-displacement curve of termination point of anchor rod during test.
In figure: 1- servo hydraulic cylinder；The top 11- servo hydraulic cylinder；The side 12- servo hydraulic cylinder；The rear portion 13- servo-hydraulic
Cylinder 2- connection framework；21- displacement protecting device；3- loading frame；31- loads baffle；4- annular cylinder；5- anchor pole fixing clamp
Tool；6- stops folder；7- pedestal；8- tests anchor pole；9- damages crack test specimen；91- Die and mould plate；92- nut；93- plug-in opening；94-
Bolthole.
Specific embodiment
In conjunction with shown in Fig. 1 to Figure 13, crack country rock anchoring property damage measure device and method provided by the invention is specific
Embodiment is as follows.
In order to simulate the crustal stress condition of anchoring country rock, the rockbolt stress along anchor pole direction is simulated, and then pass through the device
It can carry out the crack country rock anchoring pull-out test under the conditions of different damage configurations, Injured level；Due to common anchor pole
Pull-out test does not consider rock convergence measure and crustal stress condition generally, which splits damage by servo hydraulic cylinder and loading frame
The load of gap country rock test specimen, provides innovation platform for the mechanical property indoor test and anchor rod anchored performance test research of anchor pole.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, crack country rock anchoring property damage measure device, structure specifically include servo hydraulic cylinder
1, connection framework 2, loading frame 3, annular cylinder 4 and anchor pole stationary fixture 5.It is damaged by servo hydraulic cylinder 1 and 3 pairs of loading frame
Hurt the load of crack test specimen 9, to simulate the crustal stress condition of anchoring section；It is loaded using annular cylinder 4, to simulate edge
The rockbolt stress in anchor pole direction, so by the device can carry out it is different damage cracks under the conditions of anchoring section pull-out tests,
Common anchor rod drawing test, anchor rod anchored section of undamaged pull-out test etc. are the laboratory test and anchor rod anchored property of anchor pole
It can study and provide the foundation.
Wherein servo hydraulic cylinder 1 is fixed on loading frame 3, and servo hydraulic cylinder 1 includes top servo hydraulic cylinder 11 and side
Surface servo hydraulic cylinder 12, load, side servo hydraulic cylinder 12 are right downwards at 3 top of loading frame for the setting of top servo hydraulic cylinder 11
The two sides of top servo hydraulic cylinder 11 should be set, and corresponding one group of servo hydraulic cylinder loading range is identical.Top servo-hydraulic
Cylinder 11 is at least provided with 2 respectively to damage crack test specimen load, the two sides of 11 place loading frame section of top servo hydraulic cylinder
Be respectively set there are two corresponding side servo hydraulic cylinder 12, wherein the length of loading frame section according to anchor rod anchored length or
Length ratio is determined, and loading frame 3 can divide 1 or 1 or more loading frame section.It is placed in loading frame 3
Crack test specimen 9 or common anchoring test specimen are damaged, 1 pair of damage crack test specimen pressurization of servo hydraulic cylinder simulates anchor rod anchored section
Crustal stress.Connection framework 2 is fixedly connected with loading frame 3, and the other end of loading frame 3 is fixed by baffle, and annular cylinder 4 is set
It sets in the end of connection framework 2；In addition the contact face side of loading frame 3 and connection framework 2 is provided with blocking folder 6, resistance
Retaining clip 6 can preferably fix the test specimen in loading frame, can also clamp anchor pole and do common anchor rod drawing test；Connect frame
Frame 2 and the setting of loading frame 3 on the fixed base, guarantee the stability of device；Displacement protecting device is provided in connection framework 2
21, displacement protecting device 21 is non-contacting to be set on test anchor pole 8, can be measured the displacement of anchor pole and be prevented anchor pole transition from drawing
Stretch the destruction to experimental rig.The end of annular cylinder 4 is provided with anchor pole stationary fixture 5, and one end of test anchor pole 8 is consolidated by anchor pole
Clamp tool 5 is fixed, and other end setting is in damage crack test specimen 9.
1 or 1 or more drilling is provided on the damage crack test specimen 9 used, with specific reference to the range in setting crack
It is determined with direction, static breaking agent is provided in drilling, to generate suitable crack.Test anchor pole 8 is fixed on damage
It in the bolthole 94 at the middle part of crack test specimen, and is fixed by fixing agent for anchor poles, preferably simulates anchor rod anchored stress.Damage is split
Gap test specimen 9 is made using test piece mould, and test piece mould includes multiple Die and mould plates 91, and Die and mould plate 91 passes through nut 92 and plug-in opening 93
It is fixed, be provided with bolthole 94 on one of Die and mould plate 91, the sample dimensions made as needed determine mold nut and
Plug-in opening fit dimension.In addition, the damage crack sample dimensions and the size inside loading frame of test piece mould production are adapted,
Damage crack test specimen further includes drilling side wall damage crack test specimen, is added after drilling by test specimen of the servo hydraulic cylinder to drilling
It carries, drilling side wall generates damage crack acquisition drilling side wall and damages crack test specimen.
A kind of test method of crack country rock anchoring property damage measure, as shown in fig. 7, being enclosed using a kind of above-mentioned crack
Rock anchor solidity can damage test device, and anchor rod anchored anchor pole after research damage is arranged in first production damage crack again in this method
When anchoring to country rock, the anchoring property of anchor pole, step includes:
Step A1The simulation test specimen or enchashment field rock production simulation test specimen of analog material are made.Specifically according to existing
The practical coal petrography in field tunnel or rock layer mechanics parameter, can be similarly configured material, the analog material of country rock is generally concrete or stone
Cream etc. can also directly take live rock or similar stone material, size needed for analog material or true rock are processed into test, can
It, can be small with advance reservation when in addition making test specimen using equivalent material simulating to take the size of test specimen for 50cm*50cm*100cm
Drilling.
Step B1The fissure direction and crack range for delimiting simulation test specimen, drill to test specimen.Specifically, according to existing
Field roadway surrounding rock really damages crack situation or according to needed for test, is split on the rock simulation test specimen processed with pen label
Gap trend and angle, and determine the hole location and dosage of filling cracking agent, wherein the diameter of broken hole drilling is 2cm, drilling
Depth is 30cm, is then drilled using small-sized drill.
Step C1The simulation test specimen after drilling is put into test piece mould, nut fastens test piece mould, and by static crushing
Agent is put into drilling, production damage crack.
Step D1Position, direction and the range in observation damage crack after polishing surface of test piece, obtains damage crack test specimen,
It is drilled with armature boring on damage crack test specimen, polishes surface of test piece again, it is common with fixing agent for anchor poles then will to test anchor pole
It is put into armature boring.
Step E1It after fixing agent for anchor poles anchoring, is put into loading frame from damage crack test specimen is taken out in test piece mould, anchor
The end of bar stationary fixture fixing anchor bar loads damage crack test specimen by servo hydraulic cylinder, each servo loading oil
The loading force of cylinder is determined according to live rockbolt stress situation, can also be carried out test of many times and be applied different load respectively to right
Than the anchoring property in the case of different loads under this experimental condition.
Step F1Anchor rod drawing is carried out by annular cylinder, the variation of the anchor rod drawing power during record test is such as schemed
Shown in 13, and damage type, Fracture Width and the crack quantity of damage crack test specimen, it can repeat to test, in other conditions
In the case where constant, different crack forms is set, studies influence of the different crack forms to anchoring section, and then find crack
The relationship of developmental condition and anchor rod anchored performance.
In addition it can damage crack test specimen before being put into loading frame in the rubber-coated film in surface, static breaking agent
The bore dia being put into should be less than or equal to 20mm.And as shown in Figure 10 to Figure 12, the damage crack of damage crack test specimen is 1
Or it is a plurality of, damage crack perpendicular to test specimen or with test specimen oblique, can according to need change testing program.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, a kind of crack country rock anchoring property damage measure device, structure specifically include servo-fluid
Cylinder pressure 1, connection framework 2, loading frame 3, annular cylinder 4 and anchor pole stationary fixture 5.Wherein, as shown in figure 4, servo hydraulic cylinder 1
It is fixed on loading frame 3, servo hydraulic cylinder 1 includes top servo hydraulic cylinder 11, rear portion servo hydraulic cylinder 13 and side servo
Hydraulic cylinder 12, at 3 top of loading frame, load, side servo hydraulic cylinder 12 are correspondingly arranged the setting of top servo hydraulic cylinder 11 downwards
The two sides of servo hydraulic cylinder 11 on top, corresponding one group of servo hydraulic cylinder loading range are identical.Rear portion servo hydraulic cylinder 13 can
It is loaded with the setting direction along test anchor pole 8, so that the stress of anchoring section country rock in this direction is simulated, in load frame
The blocking folder 6 of 3 end of frame setting can be very good to prevent the displacement of test specimen in this direction.Top servo hydraulic cylinder 11 is provided with
1 to damage crack test specimen load, the two sides of 11 place loading frame section of top servo hydraulic cylinder are respectively set that there are two corresponding
Side servo hydraulic cylinder 12, wherein the length of loading frame section is determined according to anchor rod anchored length or length ratio,
Loading frame 3 can only divide 1 loading frame section.
Damage crack test specimen 9 or common anchoring test specimen, 1 pair of damage crack examination of servo hydraulic cylinder are placed in loading frame 3
Part pressurization, the crustal stress of anchor rod anchored section of simulation.Connection framework 2 is fixedly connected with loading frame 3, and the setting of annular cylinder 4 is even
Connect the end of frame 2；In addition the contact face side of loading frame 3 and connection framework 2 is provided with blocking folder 6, stops folder 6 can
Preferably to fix the test specimen in loading frame, anchor pole can also be clamped and do common anchor rod drawing test；Connection framework 2 and plus
It carries the setting of frame 3 on the fixed base, guarantees the stability of device；It is provided with displacement protecting device 21 in connection framework 2, is displaced
Protective device 21 is non-contacting to be set on test anchor pole 8, can be measured the displacement of anchor pole and be prevented anchor pole transition from stretching to examination
The destruction of experiment device.The end of annular cylinder 4 is provided with anchor pole stationary fixture 5, tests one end of anchor pole 8 by anchor pole stationary fixture
5 is fixed, and other end setting is in damage crack test specimen 9.
1 or 1 or more drilling is provided on the damage crack test specimen 9 used, with specific reference to the range in setting crack
It is determined with direction, static breaking agent is provided in drilling, to generate suitable crack.Test anchor pole 8 is fixed on damage
It in the bolthole 94 at the middle part of crack test specimen, and is fixed by fixing agent for anchor poles, preferably simulates anchor rod anchored stress.Damage is split
Gap test specimen 9 is made using test piece mould, and test piece mould includes multiple Die and mould plates 91, and Die and mould plate 91 passes through nut 92 and plug-in opening 93
It is fixed, be provided with bolthole 94 on one of Die and mould plate 91, the sample dimensions made as needed determine mold nut and
Plug-in opening fit dimension.The test piece mould is that rock sample generates big cubic deformation in order to prevent, influences subsequent test specimen and is trying
The installation on machine is tested, in addition the damage crack sample dimensions and the size inside loading frame of test piece mould production are adapted.It is logical
Production damage crack test specimen, and then influence of the anchor rod anchored damage of the anchoring section in the process crack of analog study to anchoring property are crossed,
Setting small bore simultaneously can accurately make suitable damage crack test specimen using static breaking agent, and test piece mould is further square
Damage crack test specimen production.
A kind of test method of crack country rock anchoring property damage measure, as shown in figure 8, first being tried in simulation in the present embodiment
Anchor pole is set in part, then makes damage crack, after simulating anchor pole setting, when Secondary Disturbance etc. generates anchoring section
Influence of the crack to anchor rod anchored performance is damaged, a kind of above-mentioned crack country rock anchoring property damage measure device, step are utilized
Include:
Step A2The simulation test specimen or enchashment field rock production simulation test specimen of analog material are made.Specifically, according to scene
The practical coal petrography in tunnel or rock layer mechanics parameter are similarly configured material, and analog material is generally the materials such as concrete or gypsum, wherein
The size for simulating test specimen is 50cm*50cm*100cm.
Step B2It is drilled with armature boring on simulation test specimen, test anchor pole is put into anchor pole with fixing agent for anchor poles jointly and is bored
Hole.
Step C2After fixing agent for anchor poles anchors, the fissure direction and crack range of simulation test specimen delimited, test specimen carried out
Drilling.
Step D2The simulation test specimen after drilling is put into test piece mould, nut fastens test piece mould, and by static crushing
Agent is put into drilling, production damage crack.
Step E2Position, direction and the range in observation damage crack after polishing surface of test piece, obtains damage crack test specimen,
It is put into loading frame from damage crack test specimen is taken out in test piece mould, the end of anchor pole stationary fixture fixing anchor bar, by watching
Hydraulic cylinder is taken to load damage crack test specimen.The loading force of each servo loading oil cylinder is true according to live rockbolt stress situation
It is fixed, test of many times can also be carried out and apply different load respectively to compare the anchor under this experimental condition in the case of different loads
Solidity energy.
Step F2Anchor rod drawing is carried out by annular cylinder, as shown in figure 13, the anchor rod drawing power during record test
Variation, and damage type, Fracture Width and the crack quantity of damage crack test specimen.Can repeat test, other conditions not
In the case where change, different crack forms is set, studies influence of the different crack forms to anchoring section, and then finds that difference is split
The relationship of gap developmental condition and anchor rod anchored performance.
Wherein, crack test specimen is damaged before being put into loading frame in the rubber-coated film in surface, and then can prevent test specimen
Transition is broken, and conveniently counts to test result；The bore dia that static breaking agent is put into should be less than or equal to 20mm.And
And as shown in Figure 10 to Figure 12, damage crack be 1 or a plurality of, damage crack perpendicular to test specimen or with test specimen oblique.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, a kind of crack country rock anchoring property damage measure device, structure specifically include servo-fluid
Cylinder pressure 1, connection framework 2, loading frame 3, annular cylinder 4 and anchor pole stationary fixture 5.Wherein servo hydraulic cylinder 1 is fixed on load
On frame 3, servo hydraulic cylinder 1 includes top servo hydraulic cylinder 11 and side servo hydraulic cylinder 12, and top servo hydraulic cylinder 11 is set
It sets in the load downwards of 3 top of loading frame, side servo hydraulic cylinder 12 is correspondingly arranged at the two sides of top servo hydraulic cylinder 11, right
The one group of servo hydraulic cylinder loading range answered is identical.Top servo hydraulic cylinder 11 at least provided with 2, independently to damage
The load of crack test specimen, the two sides of 11 place loading frame section of top servo hydraulic cylinder are respectively set there are two corresponding side servo
Hydraulic cylinder 12.
Wherein the length of loading frame section is determined according to anchor rod anchored length or length ratio, and loading frame 3 can
To divide 2 or 2 or more loading frame sections.Damage crack test specimen 9 or common anchoring test specimen are placed in loading frame 3,
1 pair of damage crack test specimen pressurization of servo hydraulic cylinder, the crustal stress of anchor rod anchored section of simulation.Connection framework 2 and loading frame 3 are fixed
The other end of connection, loading frame 3 is open, therefore can observe the production in control damage crack in real time during the test.Ring
The end of connection framework 2 is arranged in shape oil cylinder 4；In addition the contact face side of loading frame 3 and connection framework 2 is provided with resistance
Retaining clip 6 stops folder 6 that can preferably fix the test specimen in loading frame, can also clamp anchor pole and do common anchor rod drawing examination
It tests；Connection framework 2 and the setting of loading frame 3 on the fixed base, guarantee the stability of device；Position is provided in connection framework 2
Protective device 21 is moved, displacement protecting device 21 is non-contacting to be set on test anchor pole 8, can be measured the displacement of anchor pole and be prevented
Anchor pole transition stretches the destruction to experimental rig.The end of annular cylinder 4 is provided with anchor pole stationary fixture 5, tests the one of anchor pole 8
End is fixed by anchor pole stationary fixture 5, and other end setting is in damage crack test specimen 9.Wherein, stop the setting of folder 6 can be effective
Fixation test specimen, and can also common anchor rod drawing test fixing anchor bar one end；Displacement protecting device 21 can be to prevent
Only anchor pole transition stretches, records misalignment, and protection test device.
Wherein damage on crack test specimen 9 and be provided with 1 or 1 or more drilling, range with specific reference to setting crack and
Direction is determined, and delay static breaking agent is provided in drilling, to generate suitable crack.Test anchor pole 8 is fixed on damage
It in the bolthole for hurting the middle part of crack test specimen, and is fixed by fixing agent for anchor poles, preferably simulates anchor rod anchored stress.In addition,
The damage crack sample dimensions and the size inside loading frame of test piece mould production are adapted.
A kind of test method of crack country rock anchoring property damage measure, as shown in figure 9, being in anchor pole in the present embodiment
The damage crack of test specimen is made during pull-out test, so as to simulate the growth course in damage crack to anchor rod anchored performance
Influence, using a kind of above-mentioned crack country rock anchoring property damage measure device, step includes:
Step A3The simulation test specimen or enchashment field rock production simulation test specimen of analog material are made.Specifically, according to scene
The practical coal petrography in tunnel or rock layer mechanics parameter are similarly configured material, and analog material is generally the materials such as concrete or gypsum, wherein
The size for simulating test specimen is 50cm*50cm*100cm.
Step B3It is drilled with armature boring on simulation test specimen, test anchor pole is put into anchor pole with fixing agent for anchor poles jointly and is bored
Hole.
Step C3After fixing agent for anchor poles anchoring, the fissure direction and crack range of simulation test specimen delimited, test specimen bored
Hole.
Step D3The simulation test specimen after drilling is put into test piece mould, nut fastens test piece mould, and will delay static state
Cracking agent is put into drilling, the broken test specimen wherein delay static breaking agent can be delayed, and can also be selected water swellable static broken
Broken dose, start fracturing after charging.
Step E3Test specimen is taken out from test piece mould, and after polishing surface of test piece, simulation test specimen is put into loading frame,
The end of anchor pole stationary fixture fixing anchor bar loads damage crack test specimen by servo hydraulic cylinder.Each servo loading
The loading force of oil cylinder according to live rockbolt stress situation determine, can also carry out test of many times apply respectively different load to
Compare the anchoring property under this experimental condition in the case of different loads.
Step F3Anchor rod drawing is carried out by annular cylinder, the static breaking agent that is delayed as shown in figure 13, in drawing process is made
With simulation test specimen obtains damage crack test specimen in the interior crack propagation that draws the line；Anchor rod drawing power during record test becomes
Change, and damage type, Fracture Width and the crack quantity of damage crack test specimen.It can repeat to test, it is constant in other conditions
In the case where, different crack forms is set, studies influence of the different crack forms to anchoring section, and then find different cracks
The relationship of developmental condition and anchor rod anchored performance.
Wherein damage crack test specimen is before being put into loading frame only in the rubber-coated film in side surface；Static breaking agent is put into
Bore dia be less than or equal to 20mm.And as shown in Figure 10 to Figure 12, damage crack be 1 or a plurality of, damage crack perpendicular to
Test specimen or with test specimen oblique.
Embodiment 4
It is tested using one of embodiment 3 crack country rock anchoring property damage measure device, the present embodiment is to this
The method that device carries out anchor rod drawing test is described further.
Step A4The end for testing anchor pole is fixed by anchor pole stationary fixture, and the other side for testing anchor pole is passed through
Clamping structure is stopped to be fixed.
Step B4Anchor rod drawing is carried out by annular cylinder, pulling capacity situation of change is as shown in figure 13, anchor in the present embodiment
Bar pulling capacity is specially undamaged anchor rod drawing power, the anchor rod drawing power variation during record test.
The drawing that anchor pole can be carried out by the test, carrying out common anchor rod drawing test can be with comparative analysis anchor pole anchor
Gu section wall-rock crack is damaged to anchor rod anchored influence.
Test method in above-described embodiment 1 to 4 carries out anchor rod drawing test after being included in production damage crack test specimen,
It, can be by adjusting the different crustal stress condition of servo hydraulic cylinder loading simulation to anchor on the basis of making full use of the apparatus structure
The anchoring property of bar anchoring section influences, and carries out anchoring property test, research damage crack pair by the way that different damage cracks is arranged
The influence of anchoring section anchor force, and cranny development process is studied to the shadow of anchor rod anchored performance by delay static breaking agent
It rings, the anchoring property of the anchoring property comparative study anchor pole of front and back anchoring section is generated by simulation crack, this method also has behaviour
The advantages that work is flexible, tests favorable repeatability.
Certainly, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to the example above, this technology neck
The variations, modifications, additions or substitutions that the technical staff in domain is made within the essential scope of the present invention also should belong to of the invention
Protection scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of crack country rock anchoring property damage measure device, which is characterized in that including servo hydraulic cylinder, connection framework, add
It carries frame, annular cylinder and anchor pole stationary fixture, the servo hydraulic cylinder to be fixed on loading frame, servo hydraulic cylinder includes upper
Portion's servo hydraulic cylinder and side servo hydraulic cylinder；Damage crack test specimen is placed in the loading frame, servo hydraulic cylinder is to damage
The pressurization of crack test specimen；The connection framework is fixedly connected with loading frame, and the end of connection framework is arranged in annular cylinder；It is described
The end of annular cylinder is provided with anchor pole stationary fixture；One end of test anchor pole is fixed by anchor pole stationary fixture, other side setting
In damage crack test specimen.
2. a kind of crack country rock anchoring property damage measure device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the damage
It is provided with 1 or 1 or more drilling on the test specimen of crack, is provided with static breaking agent in drilling；The test anchor pole is fixed on
Damage the middle part of crack test specimen.
3. a kind of crack country rock anchoring property damage measure device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the damage
Crack test specimen is made using test piece mould, and test piece mould includes multiple Die and mould plates, and Die and mould plate is fixed by nut and plug-in opening；Institute
The damage crack sample dimensions and the size inside loading frame for stating test piece mould production are adapted.
4. a kind of crack country rock anchoring property damage measure device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the load
The contact face side of frame and connection framework is provided with blocking folder, and connection framework and loading frame setting are on the fixed base；
Displacement protecting device is provided in the connection framework, displacement protecting device is non-contacting to be set on anchor pole.
5. a kind of crack country rock anchoring property damage measure device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the top
Servo hydraulic cylinder is at least provided with 2 respectively to damage crack test specimen load, top servo hydraulic cylinder place loading frame
The two sides of section are respectively set there are two corresponding side servo hydraulic cylinder.
6. a kind of test method of crack country rock anchoring property damage measure, utilizes described in any one of claim 1 to 55 described in any item one kind
Crack country rock anchoring property damage measure device, which is characterized in that step includes:
Step A1The simulation test specimen or enchashment field rock production simulation test specimen of analog material are made；
Step B1The fissure direction and crack range for delimiting simulation test specimen, drill to test specimen；
Step C1The simulation test specimen after drilling is put into test piece mould, nut fastens test piece mould, and static breaking agent is put
Enter in drilling, production damage crack；
Step D1Position, direction and the range in observation damage crack after polishing surface of test piece, obtains damage crack test specimen, is damaging
Hurt and be drilled with armature boring on the test specimen of crack, test anchor pole is put into armature boring with fixing agent for anchor poles jointly；
Step E1It after fixing agent for anchor poles anchoring, is put into loading frame from damage crack test specimen is taken out in test piece mould, anchor pole is solid
Clamp has the end of fixing anchor bar, is loaded by servo hydraulic cylinder to damage crack test specimen；
Step F1Anchor rod drawing is carried out by annular cylinder, the anchor rod drawing power variation during record test, and damage are split
Damage type, Fracture Width and the crack quantity of gap test specimen.
7. a kind of test method of crack country rock anchoring property damage measure, utilizes described in any one of claim 1 to 55 described in any item one kind
Crack country rock anchoring property damage measure device, which is characterized in that step includes:
Step A2The simulation test specimen or enchashment field rock production simulation test specimen of analog material are made；
Step B2It is drilled with armature boring on simulation test specimen, test anchor pole is put into armature boring with fixing agent for anchor poles jointly；
Step C2After fixing agent for anchor poles anchoring, the fissure direction and crack range of simulation test specimen delimited, drilled to test specimen；
Step D2The simulation test specimen after drilling is put into test piece mould, nut fastens test piece mould, and static breaking agent is put
Enter in drilling, production damage crack；
Step E2Position, direction and the range in observation damage crack after polishing surface of test piece, obtains damage crack test specimen, from examination
It takes out damage crack test specimen in part mold to be put into loading frame, the end of anchor pole stationary fixture fixing anchor bar passes through servo-fluid
Cylinder pressure loads damage crack test specimen；
Step F2Anchor rod drawing is carried out by annular cylinder, the anchor rod drawing power variation during record test, and damage are split
Damage type, Fracture Width and the crack quantity of gap test specimen.
8. a kind of test method of crack country rock anchoring property damage measure, utilizes described in any one of claim 1 to 55 described in any item one kind
Crack country rock anchoring property damage measure device, which is characterized in that step includes:
Step A3The simulation test specimen or enchashment field rock production simulation test specimen of analog material are made；
Step B3It is drilled with armature boring on simulation test specimen, test anchor pole is put into armature boring with fixing agent for anchor poles jointly；
Step C3After fixing agent for anchor poles anchoring, the fissure direction and crack range of simulation test specimen delimited, drilled to test specimen；
Step D3The simulation test specimen after drilling is put into test piece mould, nut fastens test piece mould, and the static crushing that will be delayed
Agent is put into drilling；
Step E3It takes out from test piece mould, after polishing surface of test piece, simulation test specimen is put into loading frame, anchor pole fixing clamp
Have the end of fixing anchor bar, damage crack test specimen is loaded by servo hydraulic cylinder；
Step F3Anchor rod drawing is carried out by annular cylinder, delay static breaking agent effect in drawing process, simulation test specimen is being drawn
Determine crack propagation in range and obtains damage crack test specimen；Anchor rod drawing power variation during record test, and damage crack
Damage type, Fracture Width and the crack quantity of test specimen.
9. a kind of test method of crack country rock anchoring property damage measure according to claim 2, which is characterized in that institute
Damage crack test specimen is stated before being put into loading frame in the rubber-coated film in surface；The bore dia that the static breaking agent is put into is small
In equal to 20mm；Damage crack test specimen further includes drilling side wall damage crack test specimen, passes through servo hydraulic cylinder pair after drilling
The test specimen of drilling is loaded, and drilling side wall generates damage crack acquisition drilling side wall and damages crack test specimen.
10. a kind of test method of crack country rock anchoring property damage measure according to claim 9, which is characterized in that
Damage crack test specimen has analog material to be made, and analog material is concrete or gypsum, the damage crack for 1 or
It is a plurality of, damage crack perpendicular to test specimen or with test specimen oblique.
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| CN110793851A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-02-14 | 中国矿业大学 | Mining steel belt bearing capacity testing device and testing method |
| CN111487148A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-08-04 | 河海大学 | Device and method for testing damage effect of normal vibration source on concrete-surrounding rock interface |
| CN111487145A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-08-04 | 河海大学 | Device and method for describing damage of explosive impact on concrete-surrounding rock interface |
| CN111487147A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-08-04 | 河海大学 | Device and method for testing damage of concrete-surrounding rock interface under different vibration source distances |
| CN111595682A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-08-28 | 中国平煤神马能源化工集团有限责任公司 | Large-scale complex surrounding rock condition anchoring and grouting integrated coupling effect test system and method |
| CN112903450A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-04 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Modular anchor rod and anchor cable mechanical property testing system and testing method thereof |
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| CN110793851A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-02-14 | 中国矿业大学 | Mining steel belt bearing capacity testing device and testing method |
| CN111487148A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-08-04 | 河海大学 | Device and method for testing damage effect of normal vibration source on concrete-surrounding rock interface |
| CN111487147A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-08-04 | 河海大学 | Device and method for testing damage of concrete-surrounding rock interface under different vibration source distances |
| CN111487147B (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2021-10-15 | 河海大学 | Device and method for testing damage of concrete-surrounding rock interface under different vibration source distances |
| CN111595682A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-08-28 | 中国平煤神马能源化工集团有限责任公司 | Large-scale complex surrounding rock condition anchoring and grouting integrated coupling effect test system and method |
| CN111595682B (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2023-10-31 | 中国平煤神马控股集团有限公司 | Large-scale complex surrounding rock condition anchoring and grouting integrated coupling effect test system and method |
| CN111487145A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-08-04 | 河海大学 | Device and method for describing damage of explosive impact on concrete-surrounding rock interface |
| CN111487145B (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2021-09-17 | 河海大学 | Device and method for describing damage of explosive impact on concrete-surrounding rock interface |
| CN112903450A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-04 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Modular anchor rod and anchor cable mechanical property testing system and testing method thereof |
| CN112903450B (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2022-07-29 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Modular anchor rod and anchor cable mechanical property testing system and testing method thereof |
| CN114000866A (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2022-02-01 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Rock mass structural characteristic while-drilling testing device and method |
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