CN110225544A - A kind of mobile communication base station high-precision time synchronization method based on fiber optic network - Google Patents
A kind of mobile communication base station high-precision time synchronization method based on fiber optic network Download PDFInfo
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- CN110225544A CN110225544A CN201910567108.1A CN201910567108A CN110225544A CN 110225544 A CN110225544 A CN 110225544A CN 201910567108 A CN201910567108 A CN 201910567108A CN 110225544 A CN110225544 A CN 110225544A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/04—Arrangements for maintaining operational condition
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
- H04W56/001—Synchronization between nodes
- H04W56/0015—Synchronization between nodes one node acting as a reference for the others
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
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- H04W56/003—Arrangements to increase tolerance to errors in transmission or reception timing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of mobile communication base station high-precision time synchronization method based on fiber optic network, belongs to mobile communication field.This method includes constructing tree topology network based on optical fiber, wherein master clock of the root node clock of every level-one as next stage, slave clock of the root node clock of every next stage as upper level；The adjustment time synchronization error from clock and the master clock, realizes the time synchronization from clock and the master clock；Control the tree topology network master clock and the clock jitter from clock.The present invention is based on the tree topology networks of optical fiber building, whole network is primary and secondary structure, it is synchronous only to be realized in adjacent two-stage, i.e. end-to-end mode, node device synchronization time is disposed in mobile communication base station, and connected by optical fiber, each base station networking can be realized and be synchronized, synchronization accuracy is up to subnanosecond grade.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mobile communication fields, specifically, it is high to be related to a kind of mobile communication base station based on fiber optic network
Precision time synchronization method.
Background technique
Time synchronization is one of the core technology index in mobile communications network.Settling time is same between mobile communication base station
Step, is not only the demand of bearer network business itself, to guarantee data smoothing transmission and processing, and influences mobile device in base
The key index of handover success rate between standing, also, time synchronization can effectively improve the wireless space availability of frequency spectrum.Therefore, it moves
For the dynamic communication technology in evolution process, time synchronization becomes the trend of Future wireless systems development.
With the release of 5G technology, future mobile communications network requires timing tracking accuracy higher and higher.According to
3GPP specification, multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO, Multiple-Input Multiple-Output), multi-point cooperative (CoMP,
Coordinated Multiple Points), carrier wave polymerization (CA, Carrier Aggregation) etc. coordination techniques, clock synchronization
Between synchronisation requirement be up to for 65 nanoseconds.And 5G network is when carrying the new business such as car networking, industry internet, it may be necessary to
The base station location business for being based on reaching time-difference (TDOA, Time Difference of Arrival) is provided, due to positioning accurate
Time-skew error between spending base station is directly related, at this moment may need the time synchronization of higher precision, for example, 1 meter is determined
Precision corresponding base station time synchronous error in position was about 3.3 nanoseconds.In fields such as automatic Pilot, intelligent transport, intelligent robots,
Positioning accuracy demand needs to realize subnanosecond grade timing tracking accuracy between base station in Centimeter Level.
In existing mobile communications network, for time synchronization, there are two types of the mainstream technology schemes of comparative maturity: being based on GPS/
The synchronization scheme of Beidou time service, and the synchronization scheme based on IEEE 1588v2, both schemes respectively have its own defect:
1) synchronization scheme based on GPS/ Beidou time service:
It is difficult that addressing is installed, especially indoor base station；
It is difficult that feeder cable is laid with, and when feeder line is longer need to install amplifier additional；
Security risk is high, vulnerable to the masking such as interference, such as weather, tunnel/interior environment, active signal interference etc., system
Failure rate and crash rate are higher；
At high cost, each base station is both needed to configure a set of GPS/ Beidou reception system；
Synchronization accuracy is limited, is limited to the factors such as the multipath effect, satellite clock correction, weather environment of satellite time service system, reason
The synchronization accuracy thought is about hundred nanoseconds.
2) synchronization scheme based on IEEE 1588v2:
Program IEEE 1588v2 realizes phase adjustment, realizes time synchronization；
Synchronization accuracy is limited, is limited to the technical principle of IEEE 1588v2 agreement, and ideal synchronization accuracy was hundred nanoseconds
Grade.
Summary of the invention
1, it to solve the problems, such as
For the problem that existing timing tracking accuracy is limited, the present invention provides a kind of mobile communication base based on fiber optic network
It stands high-precision time synchronization method.
2, technical solution
To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that.
A kind of mobile communication base station high-precision time synchronization method based on fiber optic network, comprising:
Based on optical fiber construct tree topology network, wherein the root node clock of every level-one as next stage it is main when
Clock, slave clock of the root node clock of every next stage as upper level；
The adjustment time synchronization error from clock and the master clock is realized described from clock and the master clock
Time synchronization；
Control the tree topology network master clock and the clock jitter from clock.
Preferably, tame the root node master clock using reference clock, synchronize the root node master clock and
Reference clock.
Preferably, by promoted the minimum resolution adjustment of timestamp it is described from clock and the master clock when
Between synchronous error.
Preferably, the minimum resolution specific steps for promoting timestamp are as follows:
It measures physical layer time and stabs information；
Using digital double frequency mixing techniques, the time synchronization error from clock and master clock is adjusted.
Preferably, by adding multistage PLL circuit on hardware, control the tree topology network it is main when
Clock and clock jitter from clock.
Preferably, the physical layer in the tree topology network adds forward error correction mechanism algorithm.
Preferably, the tree topology network further includes having backup clock to connect with backup network, described
Backup clock accesses master clock, the backup network connection access backup clock link.
Preferably, the backup clock accesses master clock by the slack interface reserved in switch device
Source, the backup network connection access backup clock source link by the slack interface reserved in synchronization node equipment.
3, beneficial effect
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the benefit that
(1) the present invention is based on the tree topology network of optical fiber building, whole network is primary and secondary structure, and synchronization only exists
Adjacent two-stage realizes that is, end-to-end mode is each synchronous with corresponding master clock from clock, level-one level-one and so on, it realizes
All nodes are dressed to root node, and so on, to realize that other all nodes are dressed to root node, in mobile communication base station
Middle deployment node device synchronization time, and connected by optical fiber, each base station networking can be realized and be synchronized, synchronization accuracy is up to sub-
Nanosecond；
(2) present invention passes through the local clock of the reference clock from clock source and PPS second pulse signal and root node
Locking is realized and tames root node master clock function, injects more stable high quality time source information, this taming machine for root node
System, can also realize that each local synchronizing network is traceable to the same clock source, for example clock source both is from Beidou signal or state
The atomic clock signal at family's time service center, constructs space-based time service network and ground time service network integration；
(3) the present invention is based on timestamp measuring principles in PTP protocol, measure physical layer time and stab information, utilize digital pair
Frequency mixing technique breaks through the cycle T limitation of physical layer hardware clock, realizes phase intense adjustment, obtain more fine phase difference
Thus Δ t (Δ t < T) adjusts the time synchronization error from clock and master clock up to magnitude of subnanosecond, make its control in Ya Na
Second class precision；
(4) present invention adds a large amount of forward error correction mechanism algorithm (FEC, Forward Error in physical layer
Correction), synchronization signal is included in control message and transmits, and control message is programmed into N number of frame after FEC is encoded,
It is transmitted by complex network environment, it may lost part frame still can be with but due to there is the aid of FEC algorithm due to error code
(M < N) rebuilds control message from the M frame arbitrarily received, insensitive to error code, may be implemented in high bit-error network rings
In border, it still is able to restore synchronization signal, guarantees net synchronization capability；
(5) present invention realizes warm back-up by second grade feedback real-time compensation mechanism refresh clock source information, when occurring main
Under the fault condition of clock source, the equipment in synchronizing network can be switched to backup clock source link in real time；
(6) for the present invention using the technological means of backward compatible IEEE 1588v2 agreement, the effect of acquirement is can easy replacement
Existing mainstream synchronization scheme；And it uses single fiber networking and core algorithm is placed in the technological means of physical layer, the effect of acquirement
To cover without satellite, safety and reliability is high.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is Time Synchronization Network topological diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is timestamp provided in an embodiment of the present invention measurement and accurate phase adjustment schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is that forward error correction mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention promotes network fault tolerance performance schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
It is below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments, next that the present invention will be described in detail.Here, illustrative examples of the invention
And its explanation is used to explain the present invention, but not as a limitation of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a kind of reality of the mobile communication base station high-precision time synchronization method provided by the invention based on fiber optic network
Apply mode, wherein GPS (Global Positioning System) is american global positioning system, PPS (Pulse Per
It Second) is second pulse signal, UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) is the Coordinated Universal Time(UTC), in the embodiment
The mobile communication base station high-precision time synchronization method based on fiber optic network may include:
Based on optical fiber construct tree topology network, wherein the root node clock of every level-one as next stage it is main when
Clock, slave clock of the root node clock of every next stage as upper level；
Synchronized to realize each base station networking, synchronization accuracy up to subnanosecond grade, the tree topology network it is every
It is a to constitute a pair of of master-slave relationship from node and corresponding host node, each dressed from node to corresponding host node, and so on,
To realize that other all nodes are dressed to root node.The reference clock source of the tree topology network can come from GPS, north
Bucket or high-precision cesium-beam atomic clock, provide reference clock, PPS by this kind of clock source for the root node Grandmaster of synchronizing network
Second pulse signal, UTC time etc. inject more stable time source information by taming the local clock of root node master clock.It should
The slave node of tree topology network can be special synchronous switch device, is also possible to synchronization node equipment, passes through list
Fiber optic network connection.Node device synchronization time is disposed in mobile communication base station, and is connected by optical fiber, it can be by each base station
Networking, which is realized, to be synchronized, and the information such as reference clock, PPS second pulse signal, the UTC time shared in network, transmitting can be used in base station
To the wireless signal processing unit of base station, meet the temporal information demand of mobile communication network, synchronization accuracy is up to subnanosecond grade.
The adjustment time synchronization error from clock and the master clock is realized described from clock and the master clock
Time synchronization；
In order to reduce the time synchronization error from clock and the master clock, improve it is described from clock with it is described main when
The synchronization accuracy of clock, PTP protocol are the clock protocols based on master-slave mode relationship, by tree topology realization networking, and
Physical layer beats timestamp, determines the master clock in grid by optimal master clock algorithm, timing tracking accuracy is up to sub-micro
Second grade.The present embodiment has done further expansion on the basis of Precision clock protocol (Precision Time Protocol, PTP)
Exhibition and modification, specific as follows:
(1) reference clock source in the tree topology network can come from GPS, Beidou or high-precision cesium-beam atomic clock,
Reference clock, PPS second pulse signal, UTC time are provided by this kind of clock source for the root node Grandmaster of synchronizing network
Deng Grandmaster mode being configured by the operating mode of root node, by by the reference clock from clock source and PPS seconds
The locking of the local clock of pulse signal and root node, realizes and tames root node master clock function, injects for root node more stable
High quality time source information.This taming mechanism can also realize that each local synchronizing network is traceable to the same clock source, such as
Clock source both is from the atomic clock signal of Beidou signal or national time service center, constructs space-based time service network and ground time service net
Network integration.
(2) minimum resolution of timestamp is promoted, implementation method is, based on timestamp measuring principle in PTP protocol, measurement
Physical layer time stabs information, and accurate data measured packet arrival time t2 and t4 cooperates known recorded data packet sending time
T1 and t3, as shown in Fig. 2, breaking through the cycle T limitation of physical layer hardware clock using the double frequency mixing techniques of number, realizing phase essence
Fine control obtains more fine phase difference t (Δ t < T), up to magnitude of subnanosecond, thus adjusts from clock and master clock
Time synchronization error makes its control in subnanosecond class precision.
Control the tree topology network master clock and the clock jitter from clock.
In order to realize good jitter performance and phase noise, guarantee tree topology network stabilization, on hardware
Multistage PLL (Phase Locked Loop, phaselocked loop) circuit is added, wherein hardware is circuit board level hardware, in addition in physical layer
Except logical algorithm, cooperation is also made in hardware view, for controlling the clock jitter of tree topology network, is further helped
In the recovered clock signal in complex communication environment.
Further, since master clock source may break down, tree-shaped is influenced in order to avoid master clock source breaks down
The stability of topological structure network separately has backup clock source to connect with backup network, passes through respectively in the network topology structure
The slack interface reserved in private exchange machine equipment and synchronization node equipment accesses master clock source and backup clock source chain
Road, and configuration interface setting master clock source and backup clock source link are provided.When being refreshed by second grade feedback real-time compensation mechanism
Clock source information realizes warm back-up, and in the case where master clock source fault condition occurs, the equipment in synchronizing network can be switched to backup in real time
Clock source link.
Further, a large amount of forward error correction mechanism algorithm (FEC, Forward Error are added in physical layer
Correction), synchronization signal is included in control message and transmits, and control message is programmed into N number of frame after FEC is encoded,
It is transmitted by complex network environment, it may lost part frame still can be with but due to there is the aid of FEC algorithm due to error code
(M < N) rebuilds control message from the M frame arbitrarily received, insensitive to error code, may be implemented in high bit-error network rings
In border, it still is able to restore synchronization signal, guarantees net synchronization capability, as shown in Figure 3.
Clock rate synchronization is the basis of time synchronization, and to realize precise synchronization, it is also necessary to realize that phase is same
Step, phase adjustment may be implemented in IEEE1588v2 agreement, to realize time synchronization.IEEE 1588 is used as PTP protocol standard,
Full name is IEEE Standard for a Precision Clock Synchronization Protocol for
Networked Measurement and Control Systems, i.e. network measure are synchronous with the accurate clock of control system
Consensus standard, by the ieee standard committee in publication 1588v1 version in 2002, and in publication 1588v2 version in 2008, with more
It is suitable for telecommunication network well.The time synchronization of current 3G/4G network, the scheme based on IEEE 1588v2 are commercial mainstream side
One of case is connected by fiber optic network, and synchronization accuracy can achieve hundred nanoseconds.Technical solution of the present invention, by network
Physical layer clocks it is shared, allow in a network precisely transmitting frequency information, realize clock rate synchronization；Meanwhile it is of the invention
Technical solution is extended and is modified based on PTP protocol, can backward compatible IEEE 1588v2 agreement.Based on IEEE 1588v2
Time Synchronizing, be existing mobile communications network one of mainstream technology scheme, invention provide based on light
A kind of embodiment of the mobile communication base station high-precision time synchronization method of fibre web network, can the backward compatible mainstream scheme.It should
Embodiment can avoid large scale network from technical principle and network deployment with the original clock synchronization system of easy replacement
Hardware cost is saved in transformation.
A kind of embodiment party of mobile communication base station high-precision time synchronization method provided by the invention based on fiber optic network
Formula, is connected to the network based on single fiber, and Time Synchronization Network topological diagram is as shown in Figure 1.Pass through single fiber between each synchronization node
Connection, deployment difficulty is low, and does not have coherence request to fiber lengths.Programmable gate array (Field- at the scene
Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) logical algorithm is write in kernel unit, which is located in network structure
Physical layer, powering on can work, without operating system assist；By in encryption in physical layer, can make core logic functions not by
The interference of the data such as transport layer and application layer, realizes better safety；Meanwhile fiber medium is not interfered by electromagnetic environment, it can be real
Now better reliability.Since in network topology structure, synchronization mechanism is connected by fiber optic network, each synchronization node is not necessarily to satellite
Covering, therefore it is suitable for all kinds of scenes, wherein can especially solve the masking scene such as interior/tunnel/built-up area/overpass
Time synchronization problem copes with the deficiency of current GPS/ Beidou timing scheme.Pass through the second grade feedback real-time compensation in logical algorithm
Mechanism and solves the problems, such as 24 hours time drifts crucial in time dissemination system, it can be achieved that synchronization is not influenced by weather and temperature, and
Whole second feedback dead zone is avoided, effectively by algorithm to cope with the complex environment in telecommunication network deployment.
For 5G technology for the demand of time synchronization, industry, which also has, proposes other schemes:
(1) it is based on the improved Super Slave concatenation technology of PTP protocol, it is referred to as super from clock scheme, pass through enhancing pair
The filter capacity of packet network noise, and asymmetric time delay is compensated automatically, improve end-to-end timing tracking accuracy.Relative to existing
Based on the synchronization scheme of IEEE 1588v2, Super Slave concatenation technology can be promoted on the basis of lesser network change
Timing tracking accuracy, the synchronization accuracy of experiment test at present is hundred nanosecond orders, is still in technical research test phase.
(2) DTI technology, full name are DOCSIS Timing Interface, i.e. DTI clocked interface agreement.DTI agreement fortune
Row is mapped crucial with treatment mechanism etc. in data link layer by ping-pong mechanism, cable delay compensation mechanism, timestamp
Technology can keep away asymmetric time delay error, realize nsec synchronization accuracy.DTI protocol source is situated between from cable TV network, transmission
Matter is cable, single span section transmission range is no more than 200 meters, is applied in telecommunication network although having on synchronization accuracy
Potentiality, but applied in large scale transmission and large-scale network-estabilishing and need to solve there are also problems, at present still in development phase.
(3) above two time synchronization alternative solution, the brief comparison with technical solution of the present invention, as shown in table 1:
The comparison of 1. precise synchronization technical solution of table
As it can be seen from table 1 the mobile communication base station precise synchronization proposed by the invention based on fiber optic network
Method, under the same method of synchronization, synchronization accuracy is intended to height, and the present invention compared with Super Slave concatenation technology, DTI technology
Cost of implementation it is low and using transmission medium as optical fiber, deployment difficulty is low, does not have coherence request to fiber lengths, compared with DTI technology
For preferred scheme.
It is same that it is provided for the embodiments of the invention a kind of mobile communication base station split-second precision based on fiber optic network above
One step process is described in detail, and specific case used herein carries out the principle and embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention
It illustrates, the above method and its principle that the embodiment of the present invention is merely used to help understand to the explanation of embodiment；For this field
Those skilled in the art, the usual variations and alternatives that carry out should be all included in of the invention in the present invention and technical proposal scope
In protection scope.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of mobile communication base station high-precision time synchronization method based on fiber optic network characterized by comprising
Tree topology network is constructed based on optical fiber, wherein master clock of the root node clock of every level-one as next stage, often
Slave clock of the root node clock of next stage as upper level；
The adjustment time synchronization error from clock and the master clock, realizes the time from clock and the master clock
It is synchronous；
Control the tree topology network master clock and the clock jitter from clock.
2. the mobile communication base station high-precision time synchronization method according to claim 1 based on fiber optic network, feature
It is, tames the root node master clock using reference clock, synchronize the root node master clock and reference clock.
3. the mobile communication base station high-precision time synchronization method according to claim 1 based on fiber optic network, feature
It is, by the minimum resolution adjustment time synchronization error from clock and the master clock for promoting timestamp.
4. the mobile communication base station high-precision time synchronization method according to claim 3 based on fiber optic network, feature
It is, the minimum resolution specific steps for promoting timestamp are as follows:
It measures physical layer time and stabs information；
Using digital double frequency mixing techniques, the time synchronization error from clock and master clock is adjusted.
5. the mobile communication base station high-precision time synchronization method according to claim 1 based on fiber optic network, feature
It is, by adding multistage PLL circuit on hardware, controls the tree topology network master clock and the clock from clock
Shake.
6. the mobile communication base station high-precision time synchronization method according to claim 1 based on fiber optic network, feature
It is, the physical layer in the tree topology network adds forward error correction mechanism algorithm.
7. the mobile communication base station precise synchronization side described in -6 any one based on fiber optic network according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that the tree topology network further includes having backup clock to connect with backup network, the backup clock
Access master clock, the backup network connection access backup clock link.
8. the mobile communication base station high-precision time synchronization method according to claim 7 based on fiber optic network, feature
It is, the backup clock accesses master clock source, the backup network by the slack interface reserved in switch device
Connection accesses backup clock source link by the slack interface reserved in synchronization node equipment.
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Application publication date: 20190910 |