CN110213467A - The multiple dimensioned modulation compressed sensing imaging system of one kind and its imaging method - Google Patents
The multiple dimensioned modulation compressed sensing imaging system of one kind and its imaging method Download PDFInfo
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- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
- H04B10/54—Intensity modulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
- H04B10/548—Phase or frequency modulation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of multiple dimensioned modulation compressed sensing imaging systems, and the system comprises optical units (I) and electrical units (II)；Optical unit (I) includes imaging lens (1), multiple dimensioned phase modulated component (2), intensity modulated component (3)；Electrical units (II) include detector array (4), control module (5) and storage computing module (6)；Imaging lens (1) will be on target imaging to be imaged to detector array (4)；Multiple dimensioned phase modulated component (2) carries out phase-modulation to optical signal, and intensity modulated component (3) carries out intensity modulated to optical signal；Light intensity distributions are sent storage computing module (6) by detector array (4)；The corresponding relationship for storing light intensity distributions and target image to be imaged that computing module (6) computing array detector (4) are sent carries out image reconstruction using compressed sensing algorithm, obtains the reconstruction image of target to be imaged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical field, in particular to a kind of multiple dimensioned modulation compressed sensing imaging system and its imaging side
Method.
Background technique
Compressed sensing imaging is a kind of calculating imaging mode, and theoretical basis is the compressed sensing sampling reason mathematically proposed
By.The mathematicians such as Candes, Donoho and Tao in 2004 propose compressed sensing sampling theory, it is indicated that can carry out one to signal
Array of linear sampling, then original signal is gone out by optimization algorithm Exact recovery.And compressed sensing sampling has sub-sampling energy
Power, i.e. pendulous frequency can be less than number of signals.Baraniuk in 2008 et al. realizes compressed sensing imaging, by target
Image carries out random spatial modulation, and point detector is recycled to carry out compressed sensing reconstruction to the overall strength of modulation image, can
Obtain target image.The major advantage of compressed sensing imaging is two-dimensional imaging can be realized using single point detector, subtract
Small requirement of the imaging system to detector.The neck that this advantage is restricted in detectors scales such as single photon image, THz imagings
Domain is of great significance, therefore compressed sensing is imaged and is widely studied in recent years.
However, compressed sensing is imaged on while reducing request detector, the problem of increasing the sampling time is also brought.It passes
The compressed sensing imaging of system is measured using single point detector, but needs to carry out target multiple Stochastic Modulation and corresponding measurement, with
Ordinary optical imaging is greatly increased compared to imaging time, reduces the practical application value of compressed sensing imaging.To solve compression
Perception imaging speed issue, has researcher to propose the scheme of single exposure compressed sensing imaging, by common imaging system
Random phase modulation is added in system, makes to form certain linear relationship between target image and detector pixel, utilizes small-scale battle array
Row detector carries out single exposure sampling, then recovers high-definition picture by compressed sensing reconstruction.Single exposure is imaged only
It needs once to sample, solves the problems, such as that conventional compression perception imaging is slow-footed, and rebuild height using low resolution detector
Image in different resolution maintains compressed sensing imaging reduction to the advantage of request detector to a certain extent, therefore has important
Application value.
In existing single exposure compressed sensing imaging system, phase-modulation only is carried out to image, does not carry out intensity tune
System, and phase-modulation statistical nature having the same in entire modulation plan, existing research shows that the list under this mode
Secondary exposure compressed sensing, which is imaged in image quality, to be lacking, and application requirement is unable to reach.The effect rebuild due to compressed sensing
Fruit is closely related with modulation matrix, therefore, optimizes to phase-modulation, and combine with intensity modulated, is expected to improve
Modulation matrix performance improves single exposure compressed sensing image quality.
In conclusion needing to study there are the deficiency in image quality in terms of single exposure compressed sensing imaging at present
Novel single exposure compressed sensing imaging system and imaging method improve compressed sensing imaging performance.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the shortcomings of existing single exposure compressed sensing imaging system in image quality,
It is imaged and its imaging method to provide a kind of higher multiple dimensioned modulation single exposure compressed sensing of image quality.
To achieve the goals above, the invention proposes a kind of multiple dimensioned modulation compressed sensing imaging system, the systems
Including optical unit and electrical units；The optical unit includes imaging lens, multiple dimensioned phase modulated component, intensity modulated portion
Part；The electrical units include detector array, control module and storage computing module；
The imaging lens will be on target imaging to detector array to be imaged；In optical signal transmission to detector array mistake
Cheng Zhong, the multiple dimensioned phase modulated component carry out phase-modulation to optical signal, and the intensity modulated component carries out optical signal
Intensity modulated；Light intensity distributions are sent storage computing module by the detector array；The storage computing module utilizes phase
Position modulation matrix and intensity modulating matrix calculate the corresponding relationship of light intensity distributions and target image to be imaged, utilize compressed sensing
Algorithm carries out image reconstruction, obtains the reconstruction image of target to be imaged；
The control module is used to send phase-modulation square respectively to multiple dimensioned phase modulated component and intensity modulated component
Battle array and intensity modulating matrix make the multiple dimensioned phase modulated component and intensity modulated component carry out optical signal according to predetermined way
It adjusts, and the phase-modulation matrix and intensity modulating matrix of sending is transmitted to the storage computing module.
As a kind of improvement of above system, the imaging lens are telephoto lens, microlens, single lens or lens
Group.
As a kind of improvement of above system, the multiple dimensioned phase modulated component uses LCD space light modulator or hair
The device with light phase regulating power including glass.
As a kind of improvement of above system, the multiple dimensioned phase modulated component is located at imaging lens surface or imaging lens
On the focal plane of head.
As a kind of improvement of above system, the intensity modulated component uses LCD space light modulator, micro-reflector
The device with luminous intensity regulating power including array or mask plate.
As a kind of improvement of above system, the intensity modulated component is located at detector array surface.
As a kind of improvement of above system, the detector array is charge-coupled device, enhanced charge-coupled device
Part, electron multiplying charge coupled apparatus or photodiode array.
As a kind of improvement of above system, multiple and different regions of the phase-modulation matrix have different statisticals
Cloth, or with different coherence lengths；The region is divided to obtain according to the difference of matrix element and matrix centre distance.
As a kind of improvement of above system, the intensity modulating matrix has any one following statistical distribution property:
0-1 Bernoulli Jacob distribution, ± 1 Bernoulli Jacob distribution, is uniformly distributed, Gaussian Profile or Poisson distribution.
As a kind of improvement of above system, the compressed sensing algorithm are as follows: Matching pursuitalgorithm MP, orthogonal matched jamming
Algorithm OMP, base track algorithm BP, greedy algorithm for reconstructing, LASSO, LARS, GPSR, Bayesian Estimation algorithm, magic, IST,
TV, non-localized TV, StOMP, CoSaMP, LBI, SP, l1_ls, smp algorithm, SpaRSA algorithm, TwIST algorithm, l0It rebuilds and calculates
Method, l1Algorithm for reconstructing or l2Algorithm for reconstructing.
The present invention also provides a kind of multiple dimensioned modulation compressed sensing imaging methods, are compressed based on above-mentioned multiple dimensioned modulation
Imaging system is perceived to realize, comprising:
The step of step 1) phase-modulation and intensity modulated:
The control module to multiple dimensioned phase modulated component and intensity modulated component send respectively phase-modulation matrix and
Intensity modulating matrix, to realize in a manner of scheduled phase-modulation and intensity modulated；And by the phase-modulation matrix and intensity of sending
Modulation matrix is transmitted to the storage computing module；
The step of step 2) optical signal obtains:
The imaging lens will be on target imaging to be imaged to the detector array；In optical signal transmission to the array
During detector, the multiple dimensioned phase modulated component carries out phase-modulation to optical signal according to phase-modulation matrix, described
Intensity modulated component carries out intensity modulated to optical signal according to intensity modulating matrix；The detector array sends out light intensity distributions
It is sent to storage computing module；
The step of step 3) compressed sensing image restores；
The storage computing module calculates each pixel of imageable target by putting down after phase-modulation in intensity modulated component
The intensity distribution and intensity modulating matrix are carried out matrix dot product, obtain each pixel of imageable target by the intensity distribution on face
Corresponding relationship between the light intensity distributions of detector array record carries out image reconstruction using compressed sensing algorithm, obtains
The reconstruction image of target to be imaged.
The present invention has the advantages that
1, the present invention is comprehensive realizes that single exposure compressed sensing is imaged using phase-modulation and intensity modulating method, and existing
The imaging of single exposure compressed sensing is compared using only phase-modulation, can be improved image quality, solves existing single exposure compression
Perceive the problem of image quality difference；
2, the present invention uses multiple dimensioned phase-modulation in phase-modulation, uses single scale phase-modulation with the prior art
It compares, can be improved image quality, solve the problems, such as that existing single exposure compressed sensing image quality is poor；
3, the multiple dimensioned modulation compressed sensing imaging system in this discovery may be implemented to realize with low resolution detector high
Resolution imaging, therefore be with a wide range of applications in single photon image, infrared imaging, THz imaging field.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of multiple dimensioned modulation compressed sensing imaging system of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of multiple dimensioned phase-modulation in the present invention；Wherein, R1, R2, R3, R4 are according to phase-modulation square
Battle array in each element it is different from matrix centre distance and division different zones.
Attached drawing mark:
I optical unit
1, imaging lens 2, multiple dimensioned phase modulated component
3, intensity modulated component
II electrical units
4, detector array 5, control module
6, computing module is stored
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Multiple dimensioned modulation compressed sensing imaging system of the invention be utilized compressed sensing (Compressive Sensing,
Abbreviation CS) principle, the compressed sensing principle is the completely new mathematics reason proposed by Donoho, Tao and Candes et al.
By.According to compressed sensing, by way of carrying out stochastical sampling to signal, can use far below Nyquist/Shannon sampling
The hits that theorem requires realizes the sampling to signal message, and ideally restores original signal by mathematical algorithm, and have
Very high robustness.Compressed sensing is broadly divided into three steps: compression sampling, sparse transformation and algorithm are rebuild；Wherein, compression is adopted
Sample refers to the process of that be less than the several pairs of signals of measurement of number of signals and carry out sampling y=Ax, wherein x is measured signal, and A is to survey
Moment matrix, y are measured value.The linear random sampling of signal can be compressed detection dimension simultaneously, it is only necessary to lower than original
Beginning signal dimension detector can obtain the linear superposition information of signal.The sparse transformation is to choose sparse basis appropriate
Ψ so that x through Ψ effect resulting value x ' be it is sparse, i.e. x can sparse expression under Ψ frame；The algorithm reconstruction is
Know the process that y=A Ψ x'+e is solved under conditions of measured value y, calculation matrix A and sparse basis Ψ, finally again byInstead
Perform x.
Embodiment 1
With reference to Fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides a kind of multiple dimensioned modulation compressed sensing imaging system, the system packet
Include optical unit I and electrical units II；Wherein, optical unit I includes imaging lens 1, multiple dimensioned phase modulated component 2, intensity
Modulating part 3；Electrical units II includes detector array 4, control module 5 and storage computing module 6.
Imaging lens 1 will be on target imaging to be imaged to detector array 4；In optical signal transmission to 4 mistake of detector array
Cheng Zhong, multiple dimensioned phase modulated component 2 carry out phase-modulation to optical signal, and intensity modulated component 3 carries out intensity tune to optical signal
System；Light intensity spatial distribution is sent to storage computing module 6 by detector array 4；It stores computing module 6 and is responsible for storage control mould
The light intensity spatial distribution that the phase-modulation matrix and intensity modulating matrix and detector array 4 that block 5 is sent record, and benefit
Image reconstruction is carried out with compressed sensing algorithm, obtains the reconstruction image of target to be imaged；The control module 5 is used for multiple dimensioned
Phase modulated component 2 and intensity modulated component 3 send phase-modulation matrix and intensity modulating matrix respectively, make the multiple dimensioned phase
Position modulating part 2 and intensity modulated component 3 carry out optical signal adjusting according to predetermined way, and by the phase-modulation matrix of sending and
Intensity modulating matrix is transmitted to the storage computing module 6.
It is the description to the overall structure of multiple dimensioned modulation compressed sensing imaging system of the invention above, below to more rulers
The specific implementation of all parts is further described in degree modulation compressed sensing imaging system.
Imaging lens 1 are realized by telephoto lens, microlens, single lens or lens group.
Multiple dimensioned phase modulated component 2 has light phase tune using including LCD space light modulator, frosted glass
The device of energy saving power is realized.
Multiple dimensioned phase modulated component 2 is located at the focal plane of 1 surface of imaging lens or imaging lens 1.
Intensity modulated component 3 has light using including LCD space light modulator, micro reflector array, mask plate
The device of intensity adjustment capability is realized.
Intensity modulated component 3 is located at 4 surface of detector array.
Detector array 4 is by charge-coupled device, Intensified Charge Coupled Device, electron multiplying charge coupled apparatus or light
Electric diode array is realized.
Control module 5 issues the instruction of modulation matrix to multiple dimensioned phase modulated component 2 and intensity modulated component 3, it is ensured that
Multiple dimensioned phase modulated component 2 and intensity modulated component 3 carry out optical signal adjusting according to predetermined way, and by the phase tune of sending
Matrix and intensity modulating matrix processed are transmitted to storage computing module.
The phase-modulation matrix that control module 5 is issued to multiple dimensioned phase modulated component 2 has Analysis On Multi-scale Features, such as Fig. 2
It is shown, phase-modulation matrix according at a distance from matrix center difference be divided into multiple regions, in figure by taking 4 regions as an example, actually answer
>=2 any amount region can be divided into.The phase-modulation matrix of different zones has different statistical distributions, or has not
Same coherence length.
The intensity modulating matrix that control module 5 is issued to intensity modulated component 3 is with any one following statistical distribution
Property: 0-1 Bernoulli Jacob distribution, ± 1 Bernoulli Jacob distribution are uniformly distributed, Gaussian Profile, Poisson distribution.
The phase-modulation matrix and intensity modulating matrix and detector array 4 stored using storage computing module 6 is recorded
Light intensity spatial distribution, and realize that compressed sensing is rebuild using any one in following algorithm: Matching pursuitalgorithm MP, just
Hand over Matching pursuitalgorithm OMP, base track algorithm BP, greedy algorithm for reconstructing, LASSO, LARS, GPSR, Bayesian Estimation algorithm,
Magic, IST, TV, non-localized TV, StOMP, CoSaMP, LBI, SP, l1_ls, smp algorithm, SpaRSA algorithm, TwIST algorithm,
l0Algorithm for reconstructing, l1Algorithm for reconstructing, l2Algorithm for reconstructing.
Embodiment 2
It is the structure explanation to multiple dimensioned modulation compressed sensing imaging system of the invention above.Below to the multiple dimensioned tune
The course of work of compressed sensing imaging system processed is described.
The embodiment of the present invention 2 provides a kind of multiple dimensioned modulation compressed sensing imaging method, this method comprises:
The step of step 1) phase-modulation and intensity modulated:
Control module 5 sends phase-modulation matrix and strong to multiple dimensioned phase modulated component 2 and intensity modulated component 3 respectively
Modulation matrix is spent, to realize in a manner of scheduled phase-modulation and intensity modulated；And by the phase-modulation matrix and intensity tune of sending
Transfer-matrix processed is to the storage computing module 6；
The step of step 2) optical signal obtains:
Imaging lens 1 will be on target imaging to be imaged to detector array 4；In optical signal transmission to 4 mistake of detector array
Cheng Zhong, multiple dimensioned phase modulated component 2 carry out phase-modulation to optical signal, and intensity modulated component 3 carries out intensity tune to optical signal
System；
The step of step 3) compressed sensing image restores；
Store computing module 6 by Fourier Optics method calculate each pixel of imageable target by after phase-modulation
The intensity distribution and intensity modulating matrix are carried out matrix dot product, are imaged by the intensity distribution in 3 plane of intensity modulated component
The corresponding relationship between light intensity distributions that each pixel of target and detector array 4 record, using compressed sensing algorithm into
Row image reconstruction obtains the reconstruction image of target to be imaged.
It should be noted last that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting.Although ginseng
It is described the invention in detail according to embodiment, those skilled in the art should understand that, to technical side of the invention
Case is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departure from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, should all be covered in the present invention
Scope of the claims in.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of multiple dimensioned modulation compressed sensing imaging system, which is characterized in that the system comprises optical unit (I) and electricity
Unit (II)；The optical unit (I) includes imaging lens (1), multiple dimensioned phase modulated component (2), intensity modulated component
(3)；The electrical units (II) include detector array (4), control module (5) and storage computing module (6)；
The imaging lens (1) will be on target imaging to be imaged to detector array (4)；In optical signal transmission to detector array
(4) during, the multiple dimensioned phase modulated component (2) carries out phase-modulation to optical signal, and the intensity modulated component (3) is right
Optical signal carries out intensity modulated；Light intensity distributions are sent storage computing module (6) by the detector array (4)；It is described to deposit
Store up pair that computing module (6) calculate light intensity distributions and target image to be imaged using phase-modulation matrix and intensity modulating matrix
It should be related to, carry out image reconstruction using compressed sensing algorithm, obtain the reconstruction image of target to be imaged；
The control module (5) is used to send phase tune respectively to multiple dimensioned phase modulated component (2) and intensity modulated component (3)
Matrix and intensity modulating matrix processed make the multiple dimensioned phase modulated component (2) and intensity modulated component (3) according to predetermined way
Optical signal adjusting is carried out, and the phase-modulation matrix and intensity modulating matrix of sending are transmitted to the storage computing module (6).
2. multiple dimensioned modulation compressed sensing imaging system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the imaging lens
It (1) is telephoto lens, microlens, single lens or lens group.
3. multiple dimensioned modulation compressed sensing imaging system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the multiple dimensioned phase
Modulating part (2) is using the device with light phase regulating power including LCD space light modulator or frosted glass.
4. multiple dimensioned modulation compressed sensing imaging system according to claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that described multiple dimensioned
Phase modulated component (2) is located on imaging lens (1) surface or the focal plane of imaging lens (1).
5. multiple dimensioned modulation compressed sensing imaging system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the intensity modulated portion
Part (3) uses the device with luminous intensity regulating power including LCD space light modulator, micro reflector array or mask plate.
6. multiple dimensioned modulation compressed sensing imaging system according to claim 1 or 5, which is characterized in that the intensity tune
Component (3) processed is located at detector array (4) surface.
7. multiple dimensioned modulation compressed sensing imaging system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the detector array
It (4) is charge-coupled device, Intensified Charge Coupled Device, electron multiplying charge coupled apparatus or photodiode array.
8. multiple dimensioned modulation compressed sensing imaging system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the phase-modulation square
Multiple and different regions of battle array have different statistical distributions, or with different coherence lengths；The region is according to matrix element
It is divided to obtain with the difference of matrix centre distance.
9. multiple dimensioned modulation compressed sensing imaging system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the intensity modulated square
Battle array has any one following statistical distribution property: 0-1 Bernoulli Jacob distribution, and ± 1 Bernoulli Jacob distribution is uniformly distributed, Gaussian Profile
Or Poisson distribution.
10. multiple dimensioned modulation compressed sensing imaging system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the compressed sensing
Algorithm are as follows: Matching pursuitalgorithm MP, orthogonal Matching pursuitalgorithm OMP, base track algorithm BP, greedy algorithm for reconstructing, LASSO,
LARS, GPSR, Bayesian Estimation algorithm, magic, IST, TV, non-localized TV, StOMP, CoSaMP, LBI, SP, l1_ls, smp
Algorithm, SpaRSA algorithm, TwIST algorithm, l0Algorithm for reconstructing, l1Algorithm for reconstructing or l2Algorithm for reconstructing.
11. a kind of multiple dimensioned modulation compressed sensing imaging method, based on multiple dimensioned modulation pressure described in one of claim 1-10
Contracting perception imaging system is realized, comprising:
The step of step 1) phase-modulation and intensity modulated:
The control module (5) sends phase-modulation square to multiple dimensioned phase modulated component (2) and intensity modulated component (3) respectively
Battle array and intensity modulating matrix, to realize in a manner of scheduled phase-modulation and intensity modulated；And by the phase-modulation matrix of sending and
Intensity modulating matrix is transmitted to the storage computing module (6)；
The step of step 2) optical signal obtains:
The imaging lens (1) will be on target imaging to be imaged to the detector array (4)；In optical signal transmission to the battle array
During row detector (4), the multiple dimensioned phase modulated component (2) carries out phase tune to optical signal according to phase-modulation matrix
System, the intensity modulated component (3) carry out intensity modulated to optical signal according to intensity modulating matrix；The detector array (4)
Storage computing module (6) is sent by light intensity distributions；
The step of step 3) compressed sensing image restores；
The storage computing module (6) calculate each pixel of imageable target by after phase-modulation in intensity modulated component (3)
The intensity distribution and intensity modulating matrix are carried out matrix dot product, obtain each pixel of imageable target by the intensity distribution in plane
Corresponding relationship between point and the light intensity distributions of detector array (4) record carries out image reconstruction using compressed sensing algorithm,
Obtain the reconstruction image of target to be imaged.
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