CN110206516B - Experimental device and method for simulating fault block oil reservoir regulation injection and production - Google Patents
Experimental device and method for simulating fault block oil reservoir regulation injection and production Download PDFInfo
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- CN110206516B CN110206516B CN201910343186.3A CN201910343186A CN110206516B CN 110206516 B CN110206516 B CN 110206516B CN 201910343186 A CN201910343186 A CN 201910343186A CN 110206516 B CN110206516 B CN 110206516B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/20—Displacing by water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental device and a method for simulating the regulation, injection and production of a fractured block oil reservoir, wherein the experimental device comprises a sand filling model, an injection system, a back pressure system and a pressurization system, the pressurization system comprises a special piston type container and a boundary pressure pump, the special piston type container comprises a piston cylinder, a piston, a starting end cover and a tail end cover, the piston is arranged in the piston cylinder, a through starting end main flow passage is arranged in the center of the starting end cover and connected with the boundary pressure pump, a through tail end main flow passage is arranged in the center of the tail end cover and connected with a slit pipeline hole of the sand filling model, at least three fluid inlet and outlet holes are arranged on the axial inner end surface of the tail end cover, oblique fluid passages are also arranged in the tail end cover, and the number of the fluid passages is the same as that of the fluid inlet and outlet holes and the fluid inlet and outlet holes are matched with each other one by one. The invention can better reflect the actual oil reservoir characteristics in the test, overcome the defect of constant volume of the existing instrument, and can simulate different boundaries and oil reservoir conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fault block oil reservoir development, in particular to an experimental device and method for simulating fault block oil reservoir regulation injection and production.
Background
The complex fault block oil reservoir of the victory oil field has the characteristics of small area, small reserve scale and strong heterogeneity, and is developed by adopting low-injection high-production irregular well pattern water injection. The method is controlled by the influences of fault shielding, heterogeneity, injection and production unevenness and the like, and the problems of sudden inflow of injected water, rapid rising of water content, poor water control effect and the like are prominent in the water injection development process, so that the interlayer and plane use is not balanced, and the distribution difference of residual oil is large. The water injection development for a long time is carried out, the water injection development generally enters an ultrahigh water content stage at present, the material basis and the economic feasibility of further layer system subdivision and well pattern encryption adjustment are lacked under the condition of multiple rounds of layer system well pattern adjustment, particularly low oil price, therefore, the injection-production optimization regulation and control technical direction is provided, the old well is utilized by components, the water injection optimization is longitudinally subdivided, the injection-production regulation and control is carried out in a plane differentiation manner, the optimized allocation of an injection-production structure is adopted, the balanced development of complex fault blocks is realized, and the recovery ratio is further improved. Meanwhile, indoor physical simulation research and analysis are needed to be carried out, and the oil-water motion laws such as water-water well linkage injection and production water volume allocation, periodic alternate coupling injection and production and the like and the mechanism of the enhanced recovery ratio mechanism are disclosed.
At present, some experimental devices for simulating a fault block oil reservoir are summarized into three types, one is a plane model, the other is a cylindrical sand filling model, the other is a three-dimensional cuboid model, and by combining sampling hole sampling or CT, infrared ray and other imaging systems and a method for opening a visible window, the composition of a sample is analyzed to judge the fluid flowing condition in the displacement process; the boundary conditions of the actual oil reservoir are complex, closed conditions exist, and semi-closed conditions that the lower part is communicated with bottom water exist, after water or gas is injected, fluid around an injection well can be moved outwards under the pushing of the injected fluid, the injection well and a production well in the actual oil reservoir can not be positioned at the boundary of the oil reservoir, so that the fluid is moved outwards for a long distance, the experiment does not meet the conditions of the actual oil reservoir, and the simulation result of the existing experimental instrument does not accord with the characteristics of the fluid movement in the actual oil reservoir.
Therefore, according to the area of the control unit of the water injection well of the actual oil reservoir, the external special piston type container is designed, a space is provided for outward migration of fluid, oil, gas and water flowing to the outside can flow back to the model to supplement energy at the same time after the pressure is reduced, the characteristics of fluid migration and pressure change in the actual oil reservoir injection and production regulation and control process are better simulated, the model can bear high temperature and high pressure, the high temperature and high pressure conditions of the actual oil reservoir are simulated, different stratum inclination angles can be simulated, and the defects existing in the aspects of experimental instruments and methods in the research of the current fault block oil reservoir injection and production regulation and control rule are effectively overcome.
Application No.: 201520795934.9 relates to a plane visualization experiment device, in particular to a plane visualization experiment device for simulating the oil displacement effect of a fault block oil reservoir. The device comprises an upper panel and a lower panel which are made of organic glass, the periphery of the device is sealed by sealing strips and is fixedly connected by bolts, the upper panel of the device is provided with a liquid inlet hole and a liquid outlet hole according to actual conditions to respectively simulate an injection well and a production well, the device is internally filled with quartz sand with a certain mesh number, and a fault simulation device is arranged according to stratum fault conditions. The utility model fully considers the characteristics of the fault block oil reservoir, adds the fault simulation device on the basis of the traditional plane visual experiment device, and can more accurately simulate the reservoir characteristics of the fault block oil reservoir; the fault characteristics can be simulated by changing the position and the shape of the fault simulation device and opening the sealing property, and the fault simulation device has guiding significance for the development of fault block oil reservoirs.
Application No.: 201820601312.1 relates to a high-temperature high-pressure visual displacement experimental device for simulating faults under different conditions, which mainly comprises a sand filling model kettle body, a model end cover, an observation window, a well network pipeline hole, a valve, a slit pipeline, a three-way valve, a sand filling hole, a bolt, a pipeline and a piston type container. The slit pipeline is arranged on the inner wall of the side face of the sand filling model, the outside of the slit pipeline is connected with the valve, the valve is connected with the piston type container through the three-way valve and the pipeline, the openness of a fault is controlled by controlling the opening and closing of the valve during an experiment, different fault distribution modes can be simulated, different well patterns and edge bottom water energy can be simulated, the visual effect is achieved, and the high-temperature and high-pressure stratum conditions can be met. Provides favorable conditions for the research of seepage rules of the fault block oil reservoir under different condition fault modes.
Application No.: 201810261226.5 relates to a dynamic monitoring experiment device for gas injection migration of a fault block oil reservoir, which comprises a constant-speed constant-pressure displacement pump 1, a piston type container 2, a valve 3, a pressure sensor 4, an injection pipeline 5, a sand-filling fault block model 6, a confining pressure cylinder 7, a confining pressure pump 8, a confining pressure meter 9, a heating plate 10, an X-ray signal emitter 11, a track system 12, an X-ray signal receiver 13, an X-ray signal processing system 14, a production pipe 15, a back pressure valve 16, a metering device 17, a back pressure pump 18 and a base 19, wherein the metering device comprises a gas-liquid separator, a gas meter, a gas chromatograph, an oil chromatograph and an electronic balance. The scanning system is installed on the confining pressure barrel through a rail system, the scanning system can move back and forth through a rail, the sand filling broken block model is arranged inside the confining pressure barrel, the injection pipeline and the extraction pipeline are screwed into the injection hole and the extraction hole respectively, the other end of the pipeline penetrates out of the confining pressure barrel to be connected with the injection system and the pressure return device respectively, one end of the confining pressure barrel can be opened, the sand filling model can be conveniently taken and placed, the pressure return valve is connected with the gas-liquid separator, the gas-liquid separator is connected with the gas meter again, and the plurality of extraction holes and the injection holes can simulate different injection and extraction well networks.
The technical solutions of the above-disclosed technologies, the technical problems to be solved, and the advantageous effects thereof are all different from the present invention, and further technical features, technical problems to be solved, and advantageous effects thereof are not suggested by the above-disclosed technical documents.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an experimental device and method for simulating fault block oil reservoir regulation injection and production, which can better reflect the actual oil reservoir characteristics in the test, overcome the defect of constant volume of the existing instrument, simulate different boundaries and oil reservoir conditions, bear high temperature and high pressure and meet the high temperature and high pressure conditions of the stratum.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme, wherein the experimental device for simulating the regulated injection and production of the fractured block reservoir comprises a sand-filling model, an injection system and a back pressure system, the injection system is connected with an injection well hole formed in the sand-filling model, the back pressure system is connected with a production well hole of the sand-filling model, the experimental device further comprises a pressurizing system, the pressurizing system comprises a special piston type container and a boundary pressure pump, the special piston type container comprises a piston cylinder, a piston, a starting end cover and a tail end cover, the piston is installed in the piston cylinder, the starting end cover is sealed at a starting port of the piston cylinder, the tail end cover is sealed at a tail end port, a penetrating starting end main flow passage is formed in the center of the starting end cover, the starting end main flow passage is connected with the boundary pressure pump, a penetrating tail end main flow passage is formed in the center of the tail end cover, the tail end main flow passage is connected with a slit pipeline hole of the sand-filling model, at least three fluid inlet holes are formed in the axial inner end surface of the tail end cover, the end cover is internally provided with oblique fluid channels, the number of the fluid channels is the same as that of the fluid access holes, the fluid channels are matched and corresponding to the fluid access holes one by one, and the fluid access holes are communicated with the end main channel through the fluid channels.
The special piston type container is provided with the same number of slit pipeline holes as the sand filling model, and valves are arranged on pipelines connected with the starting end and the tail end of the special piston type container.
And a boundary pressurizing piston type container is also connected between the boundary pressure pump and the special piston type container, a pressure gauge is also installed on a pipeline connected between the boundary pressure pump and the boundary pressurizing piston type container, and valves are installed on pipelines connected with the starting end and the tail end of the boundary pressurizing piston type container.
The back pressure system comprises a back pressure valve, a gas-liquid separator, a gas meter and a back pressure pump, the back pressure valve is a three-way valve and is respectively connected with the production well hole, the back pressure pump and the gas-liquid separator, the gas outlet end of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the gas meter, and a pressure gauge is installed on a pipeline connected with the back pressure pump.
The injection system comprises an oil injection piston type container, a water injection piston type container and a gas injection piston type container which are connected in parallel, wherein the tail end of the oil injection piston type container, the tail end of the water injection piston type container and the tail end of the gas injection piston type container are connected with an injection well hole of a sand filling model, the starting end of the oil injection piston type container, the starting end of the water injection piston type container and the starting end of the gas injection piston type container are connected with an injection pump, a pressure gauge is installed on a pipeline connected with the tail end of the injection pump, and valves are installed on pipelines connected with the starting end and the tail end of the oil injection piston type container, pipelines connected with the starting end and the tail end of the water injection piston type container and pipelines connected with the starting end and the tail end of the gas injection piston type container.
The sand filling model comprises a sand filling kettle body and a model end cover, wherein the model end cover is fixed with the sand filling kettle body through a bolt and sealed by a sealing strip, an injection well hole is formed at one side corner of the sand filling kettle body, a production well hole is formed at the diagonal position of the injection well hole, slotted pipelines are distributed on the inner wall of the sand filling kettle body, and slotted pipeline holes correspondingly communicated with the four slotted pipelines are formed in the side surface of the sand filling kettle body.
The injection well hole and the production well hole are both provided with a pressure cap and a pressure hoop for fixedly connecting pipelines, and the slotted pipeline hole is also provided with a pressure cap and a pressure hoop for fixedly connecting pipelines.
In order to achieve the other purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the experimental method for simulating the fault block oil reservoir regulation injection and production comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: before the experiment, the volume change quantity required by the special piston type container during the experiment is calculated according to the control area and the pressure of the actual oil reservoir water injection well;
step two: vacuumizing by using a vacuum pump, pushing a piston of the boundary pressurizing piston type container to a volume required by an experiment by using a boundary pressure pump, and injecting gas into the boundary pressurizing piston type container to increase the pressure to the pressure required by the experiment, wherein the pistons of the special piston type containers are all positioned at the tail ends;
step three: then, the oil injection piston type container and the water injection piston type container are displaced by a pump to saturate water and oil in the sand filling model, meanwhile, a back pressure pump is used for increasing back pressure to simulate the oil and gas accumulation process, and after the oil and gas accumulation process is saturated to a specified pressure or volume, the back pressure is reduced to perform failure mining;
step four: after the current stratum pressure or a certain specified pressure is produced, the liquid amount of the oil production well is adjusted or closed, a water injection well in the sand filling model is opened to be communicated with an injection well hole, water injection is started through an injection pump and a water injection piston type container, the pressure in the sand filling model is increased, when the pressure is higher than the pressure in the container, fluid flows to other external containers through a slotted pipeline, and then the water injection well is adjusted or closed;
step five: the production allocation and injection allocation can be adjusted in multiple periods, when the pressure in the sand-packed model is reduced, if oil, gas and water can be layered in the container, the oil, gas and water in the special piston type container can enter the pipeline along different channels and flow back together to supplement energy to the sand-packed model; and the produced oil, gas and water are separated and metered through a gas-liquid separator, and the injection-production flow rule is analyzed and researched through experimental data.
And controlling the opening and closing of the valve corresponding to the slotting pipeline to simulate the opening and closing conditions of the control fault, opening the valve if the control fault is an open fault, and closing the valve if the control fault is a closed fault.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the injection pump is connected with a piston type container for containing oil, gas and water, the piston type container is connected with an injection well of the sand-packed model through a pipeline, the production well is connected with a back pressure valve, the back pressure valve is connected with a back pressure pump, the outlet of the back pressure valve is connected with a gas-liquid separator, and finally the back pressure valve is connected with a gas meter; the inner wall of the sand filling model cavity is distributed with slit pipelines, four slit pipelines are correspondingly provided with four holes and are respectively connected with four special piston type containers through pipelines, the right ends of the special piston type containers are connected in parallel and then connected with a boundary pressurizing piston type container, and finally connected with a boundary pressure pump to provide pressure. Therefore, a complete injection-production regulation and displacement system is formed, and the water injection displacement rules of injection-production quantity allocation, alternate coupling injection-production and the like under the complex boundary condition of the fault block oil reservoir can be conveniently researched.
The special piston type container comprises a piston cylinder, end covers and a start end cover, wherein internal threads are arranged at two ends of the piston cylinder, a left end cover and a start end cover are provided with external threads corresponding to the internal threads, the end covers are screwed into the piston cylinder through threads and are sealed through sealing rings, a plurality of fluid inlet and outlet holes are formed in the end covers, oil, gas and water in the container can be layered, when the pressure in the container is higher than the pressure in the model, the oil, gas and water in the container can enter a fluid channel through the different end cover inner end face inlet and outlet holes and are gathered in a main channel, the oil, gas and water flow into a sand filling model through the main channel of the container, when the pressure in the model is higher than the pressure in the container, the fluid can flow into the container from the model, the start end cover is provided with a channel for intermediate medium, the piston is arranged in the piston cylinder and can freely move under the action of pressure difference, and a valve is arranged on the left start end cover, so that the inlet and the outlet of the fluid can be controlled conveniently. The particularity of the special piston type container lies in that the end cover is provided with a plurality of fluid inlet and outlet holes, oil, gas and water can enter a fluid channel from the inlet and outlet holes on the end surface of different end covers, and are mixed in the main flow channel at last, all the fluid inlet and outlet holes are not on the same horizontal line, and the inlet and outlet holes of fluid are arranged at different heights in the vertical direction, so that the oil, gas and water can enter different pore channels and converge in the main flow channel even if the oil, gas and water interface is different, and finally enter a sand filling model along a pipeline simultaneously, and the synchronism of the oil, gas and water when flowing to the sand filling model again is ensured.
To summarize: (1) the device can simulate the actual fault block oil reservoir condition, and overcomes the defect of limited volume of the existing experimental instrument; (2) the device can simulate different boundary conditions; (3) the device can bear high temperature and high pressure, and meets the high temperature and high pressure conditions of an oil reservoir.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an experimental apparatus for simulating fault block oil reservoir regulation injection and production according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a broken block sand filling model of the experimental device for simulating the regulation and control of the broken block oil reservoir;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a special piston type container of the experimental apparatus for simulating oil reservoir regulation and control injection and production of fault blocks;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the end cap of the experimental apparatus for simulating fault block reservoir regulation injection and production.
The labels in the figure are: the device comprises an injection pump 1, a pressure gauge 2, a valve 3, an oil injection piston type container 4, a water injection piston type container 5, a gas injection piston type container 15, a pipeline 6, a sand filling model 7, a special piston type container 8, a boundary pressurizing piston type container 9, a boundary pressure pump 10, a back pressure valve 11, a gas-liquid separator 12, a gas gauge 13 and a back pressure pump 14.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an experimental apparatus and method for simulating fault block reservoir regulation injection and production according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a broken block sand-filling model of the experimental device and method for simulating the regulation and control of the broken block oil reservoir; FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a special piston-type container for simulating a fault block reservoir regulation injection-production experimental device and method; FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a terminal cover of the experimental apparatus and method for simulating fault block oil reservoir regulation injection and production.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a technical solution:
a simulated fractured block reservoir regulation injection-production experimental device comprises a sand-filling model 7, an injection system and a back pressure system, wherein the injection system is connected with an injection well hole 2-4 formed in the sand-filling model, the back pressure system is connected with a production well hole 2-5 of the sand-filling model, the simulated fractured block reservoir regulation injection-production experimental device also comprises a pressurizing system, the pressurizing system comprises a special piston type container 8 and a boundary pressure pump 10, the special piston type container 8 comprises a piston cylinder 3-1, a piston 3-7, a starting end cover 3-8 and a tail end cover 3-2, the piston 3-7 is arranged in the piston cylinder 3-1, the starting end cover 3-8 is sealed at a starting end port of the piston cylinder, the tail end cover 3-2 is sealed at a tail end port, a starting end main flow passage 3-9 penetrating through the center of the starting end cover is formed in the center of the starting end cover, the starting end main flow passage is connected with the boundary pressure pump 10, and a tail end main flow passage 3-5 penetrating the center of the tail end cover is formed in the center, the tail end main runner is connected with a slotted pipeline hole 2-7 of the sand filling model, at least three fluid access holes 3-3 are formed in the axial inner end face of the tail end cover, the holes are uniformly distributed in the drawing of the embodiment, for example, 3-50 holes can be formed, inclined fluid channels 3-4 are further formed in the tail end cover 3-2 according to actual needs, the number of the fluid channels is the same as that of the fluid access holes, the fluid channels are matched and corresponding to the fluid access holes one by one, and the fluid access holes are communicated with the tail end main runner through the fluid channels 3-4.
The special piston type container is provided with the same number of slit pipeline holes as the sand filling model, and valves are arranged on pipelines connected with the starting end and the tail end of the special piston type container.
A boundary pressurizing piston type container 9 is connected between the boundary pressure pump 10 and the special piston type container 8, a pressure gauge is further installed on a pipeline connected between the boundary pressure pump and the boundary pressurizing piston type container, and valves are installed on pipelines connected with the starting end and the tail end of the boundary pressurizing piston type container.
The back pressure system comprises a back pressure valve 11, a gas-liquid separator 12, a gas meter 13 and a back pressure pump 14, the back pressure valve is a three-way valve and is respectively connected with the production well hole, the back pressure pump and the gas-liquid separator, the gas outlet end of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the gas meter, and a pressure gauge is installed on a pipeline connected with the back pressure pump.
The injection system comprises an oil injection piston type container 4, a water injection piston type container 5 and a gas injection piston type container 15 which are connected in parallel, wherein the tail end of the oil injection piston type container, the tail end of the water injection piston type container and the tail end of the gas injection piston type container are connected with injection well holes 2-4 of a sand filling model, the starting end of the oil injection piston type container, the starting end of the water injection piston type container and the starting end of the gas injection piston type container are connected with an injection pump 1, a pressure gauge 2 is installed on a pipeline connected with the tail end of the injection pump, valves 3 are installed on pipelines connected with the starting end and the tail end of the oil injection piston type container, pipelines connected with the starting end and the tail end of the water injection piston type container and pipelines connected with the starting end and the tail end of the gas injection piston type container.
Fig. 1 and 2 are drawings in a top view state, the sand filling model comprises a sand filling kettle body 2-1 and a model end cover 2-3, the model end cover is fixed with the sand filling kettle body through a bolt 2-2 and sealed by a sealing strip, an injection well hole 2-4 is formed at one side corner of the sand filling kettle body, a production well hole 2-5 is formed at a position opposite to the injection well hole, slotted pipelines 2-6 are distributed on the inner wall of the sand filling kettle body, and slotted pipeline holes 2-7 correspondingly communicated with the four slotted pipelines are formed in the side of the sand filling kettle body.
The injection well hole and the production well hole are both provided with a pressure cap and a pressure hoop for fixedly connecting pipelines, and the slotted pipeline hole is also provided with a pressure cap and a pressure hoop for fixedly connecting pipelines. The installation of a cap and a clamp in a hole to secure or connect a line is conventional in the art and may be applied directly.
The broken block sand filling model 7 comprises a sand filling model kettle body 2-1 made of high-strength steel, sand is filled in the kettle body, a model end cover 2-3 is fixed with the sand filling kettle body through a bolt 2-2 and is sealed by a sealing strip, the edge of the side face of the sand filling kettle body is provided with an injection well hole 2-4, the diagonal position is provided with a production well hole 2-5, a pipeline of a simulation injection and production well is fixed and sealed with a pressing cap through a pressing hoop, the inner wall of the kettle body is provided with slotted pipelines 2-6, so that fluid in the model can diffuse and move outwards after water injection, the side face is also provided with slotted pipeline holes 2-7 corresponding to four slotted pipelines, and the slotted pipelines and the kettle body are fixed and sealed with the pressing cap through the pressing hoop.
The special piston type container comprises a piston cylinder 3-1, a tail end cover 3-2 and a start end cover 3-8, wherein internal threads are arranged at two ends of the piston cylinder, external threads corresponding to the left end cover and the start end cover are arranged on the left end cover and the start end cover, the end covers are screwed into the piston cylinder through threads and are sealed through sealing rings, a plurality of fluid inlet and outlet holes 3-3 are arranged on the tail end cover, oil, gas and water in the container can be layered, when the pressure in the container is higher than the pressure in a model, the oil, gas and water in the container can enter a fluid channel 3-4 through the different inlet and outlet holes 3-3 on the inner end surface of the tail end cover and are converged in a main channel, the oil, gas and water flow into a sand filling model through the main channel 3-5 of the container, when the pressure in the model is higher than the pressure in the container, fluid can flow into the container from the model, a channel 3-9 of an intermediate medium is arranged on the start end cover, and the piston 3-7 can freely move in the piston cylinder under the action of pressure difference, the left starting end cover is provided with a valve 3-6 which is convenient for controlling the inlet and outlet of fluid.
The special piston type container is characterized in that the tail end cover is provided with a plurality of fluid inlet and outlet holes, oil, gas and water can enter the fluid channels 3-4 from the inlet and outlet holes 3-3 on the inner end faces of the different tail end covers, and are mixed in the main flow channel 3-5, all the fluid inlet and outlet holes are not on the same horizontal line, fluid inlet and outlet holes are arranged at different heights in the vertical direction, and even if the oil, gas and water interfaces are different, the oil, gas and water can enter different pore channels and be gathered in the main flow channel, and finally enter the sand filling model along the pipeline at the same time, so that the synchronism of the oil, gas and water flowing to the sand filling model again is ensured.
The injection pump 1 is connected with a pressure gauge 2, valves 3 are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the piston type container, the piston type container 4 is filled with oil, the piston type container 5 is connected with the piston type container 16 in parallel, the middle medium end is connected with the injection pump 1, the sample end is connected with the injection well of the sand filling model 7 through a pipeline 6, the extraction well is connected with a back pressure valve 11, the back pressure valve is connected with a back pressure pump 14, the outlet of the back pressure valve is connected with a gas-liquid separator 12, and finally, the back pressure valve is connected with; the inner wall of the sand filling model cavity is distributed with slit pipelines, four slit pipelines are correspondingly provided with four holes and are respectively connected with four special piston type containers 8 through pipelines, the right ends of the special piston type containers are connected in parallel and then connected with a boundary pressurizing piston type container 9, finally, a boundary pressure pump 10 is connected for providing pressure, and the whole process forms a complete displacement model.
The oil injection piston type vessel 4, the water injection piston type vessel 5, the gas injection piston type vessel 16 and the boundary pressurizing piston type vessel 9 are all in the same structure, belong to the conventional piston type vessel in the field, and can be directly connected and applied. The special piston type container is only improved on the end cover at the tail end, fluid access holes are uniformly distributed, inclined fluid channels are also formed, and other structures are the same as those of the conventional piston type container.
A simulated fault block oil reservoir regulation injection-production experimental method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: before the experiment, the volume change quantity required by the special piston type container during the experiment is calculated according to the control area and the pressure of the actual oil reservoir water injection well, and the specific calculation method is that the volume change quantity required by the special piston type container during the experiment is calculated according to the volume of the actual oil reservoir through Boyle's law and P1V1＝P2V2Scaling the volume V to an experimental model and calculating the volume V2I.e. the volume change required for a piston-type container;
step two: filling sand into the model, removing all screw caps shown in 2-2, opening the upper end cover 2-3 of the model 7, filling sand into the model, mixing a certain amount of formation water into the sand body during sand filling, calculating the amount of bottom water by multiplying the saturation of the bound water by the porosity, filling the sand body and compacting, and assembling the upper end cover 2-3, wherein the sand filling of the model is completed.
Step three: and (3) vacuumizing by using a vacuum pump, opening a valve at the left end of the container 8, connecting the vacuum pump to the valve, closing all other valves communicated with the outside on the model 7, starting the vacuum pump to vacuumize for more than 24 hours, closing the valve at the left end of the container 8, finishing vacuumizing, and keeping the cavity in the model 7 in a vacuum state. The left end valve of the vessel 8 was again connected to the vessel 8 and then the boundary pressure piston vessel was piston-pushed with the boundary pressure pump to the volume required for the experiment, which was calculated from step one. Then connecting the upper end valve of the boundary piston type container 9 with a high-pressure gas source, opening the upper end valve of the container 9 to inject gas into the boundary pressurizing piston type container to increase the pressure to the pressure required by the experiment, and enabling the pistons of the special piston type container to be positioned at the tail ends at the moment;
step four: then, valves at two ends of the oil injection piston type container 4 are opened, a displacement pump is used for displacing the intermediate medium in the piston type container 4 to push a piston to saturate crude oil in the model, meanwhile, a back pressure pump is used for raising back pressure until the pressure in the model is raised to the experimental pressure, at the moment, the model is fully saturated with oil, the oil and gas accumulation process is simulated, and after the model is saturated to the specified pressure or volume, the back pressure is reduced for exhaustion exploitation;
step five: after the current stratum pressure or a certain specified pressure is produced, the liquid amount of the oil production well is adjusted or closed, a water injection well in the sand filling model is opened to be communicated with an injection well hole, water injection is started through an injection pump and a water injection piston type container, the pressure in the sand filling model is increased, when the pressure is higher than the pressure in the container, fluid flows to other external containers through a slotted pipeline, and then the water injection well is adjusted or closed;
step six: the production allocation and injection allocation can be adjusted in multiple periods, when the pressure in the sand-packed model is reduced, if oil, gas and water can be layered in the container, the oil, gas and water in the special piston type container can enter the pipeline along different channels and flow back together to supplement energy to the sand-packed model; and the produced oil, gas and water are separated and metered through a gas-liquid separator, and the injection-production flow rule is analyzed and researched through experimental data.
And controlling the opening and closing of the valve corresponding to the slotting pipeline to simulate the opening and closing conditions of the control fault, opening the valve if the control fault is an open fault, and closing the valve if the control fault is a closed fault.
Meanwhile, the opening and closing of the valve corresponding to the slotted pipeline can be controlled, the opening and closing conditions of the fault are controlled in a simulated mode, if the fault is an open fault, the valve is opened, and if the fault is a closed fault, the valve is closed.
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The method has clear thought and feasible technology, and provides a feasible indoor experimental research method for realizing effective submergence and balanced displacement development of the complex fault block residual oil in the ultra-high water-containing period.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the positional indications or positional relationships are based on those shown in the drawings and are for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a simulation broken block oil reservoir regulation and control injection-production experimental apparatus, includes sand-packed model, injection system, back pressure system, the injection system connects the injection wellhole that sand-packed model offered, back pressure system connects the production wellhole of sand-packed model, its characterized in that still includes pressurization system, pressurization system includes special piston container, boundary pressure pump, special piston container includes piston cylinder, piston, starting end cover, terminal end cover, the piston is installed in the piston cylinder, starting end cover closing cap is at piston cylinder starting port, and terminal end cover closing cap is at terminal port, the starting end main runner that link up is seted up at starting end cover center, and starting end main runner connects boundary pressure pump, the terminal end main runner that link up is seted up in the center of terminal end cover, the terminal main runner connects the kerf tube hole of sand-packed model, terminal end cover axial internal end face sets up three at least fluid access hole, the end cover is internally provided with oblique fluid channels, the number of the fluid channels is the same as that of the fluid access holes, the fluid channels are matched and corresponding to the fluid access holes one by one, and the fluid access holes are communicated with the end main channel through the fluid channels;
the special piston type container is provided with the same number of slit pipeline holes as the sand filling model side vertical surface, and valves are arranged on pipelines connected with the starting end and the tail end of the special piston type container;
a boundary pressurizing piston type container is connected between the boundary pressure pump and the special piston type container, a pressure gauge is further installed on a pipeline connected between the boundary pressure pump and the boundary pressurizing piston type container, and valves are installed on pipelines connected with the starting end and the tail end of the boundary pressurizing piston type container; the back pressure system comprises a back pressure valve, a gas-liquid separator, a gas meter and a back pressure pump, the back pressure valve is a three-way valve and is respectively connected with the production well hole, the back pressure pump and the gas-liquid separator, the gas outlet end of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the gas meter, and a pressure gauge is arranged on a pipeline of the back pressure pump connected with the back pressure valve;
the injection system comprises an oil injection piston type container, a water injection piston type container and a gas injection piston type container which are connected in parallel, wherein the tail end of the oil injection piston type container, the tail end of the water injection piston type container and the tail end of the gas injection piston type container are connected with an injection well hole of a sand filling model, the starting end of the oil injection piston type container, the starting end of the water injection piston type container and the starting end of the gas injection piston type container are connected with an injection pump, a pressure gauge is installed on a pipeline connected with the tail end of the injection pump, and valves are installed on pipelines connected with the starting end and the tail end of the oil injection piston type container, pipelines connected with the starting end and the tail end of the water injection piston type container and pipelines connected with the starting end and the tail end of the gas injection piston type container;
the sand filling model comprises a sand filling kettle body and a model end cover, wherein the model end cover is fixed with the sand filling kettle body through bolts and sealed by a sealing strip, an injection well hole is formed in one side corner of the sand filling kettle body, a production well hole is formed in the position opposite to the injection well hole, slotted pipelines are distributed on the inner wall of the sand filling kettle body, and slotted pipeline holes correspondingly communicated with the four slotted pipelines are formed in the side surface of the sand filling kettle body; the injection well hole and the production well hole are both provided with a pressure cap and a pressure hoop for fixedly connecting a pipeline, and the slotted pipeline hole is also provided with a pressure cap and a pressure hoop for fixedly connecting a pipeline;
the method for carrying out the simulated fault block oil reservoir regulation injection-production experiment by using the device comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: before the experiment, the volume change quantity required by the special piston type container during the experiment is calculated according to the control area and the pressure of the actual oil reservoir water injection well;
step two: vacuumizing by using a vacuum pump, pushing a piston of the boundary pressurizing piston type container to a volume required by an experiment by using a boundary pressure pump, and injecting gas into the boundary pressurizing piston type container to increase the pressure to the pressure required by the experiment, wherein the pistons of the special piston type containers are all positioned at the tail ends;
step three: then, the oil injection piston type container and the water injection piston type container are displaced by a pump to saturate water and oil in the sand filling model, meanwhile, a back pressure pump is used for increasing back pressure to simulate the oil and gas accumulation process, and after the oil and gas accumulation process is saturated to a specified pressure or volume, the back pressure is reduced to perform failure mining;
step four: after the current stratum pressure or a certain specified pressure is produced, the liquid amount of the oil production well is adjusted or closed, a water injection well in the sand filling model is opened to be communicated with an injection well hole, water injection is started through an injection pump and a water injection piston type container, the pressure in the sand filling model is increased, when the pressure is higher than the pressure in the container, fluid flows to other external containers through a slotted pipeline, and then the water injection well is adjusted or closed;
step five: the production allocation and injection allocation can be adjusted in multiple periods, when the pressure in the sand-packed model is reduced, if oil, gas and water can be layered in the container, the oil, gas and water in the special piston type container can enter the pipeline along different channels and flow back together to supplement energy to the sand-packed model; and the produced oil, gas and water are separated and metered through a gas-liquid separator, and the injection-production flow rule is analyzed and researched through experimental data.
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