CN110190987A - Based on backup income and the virtual network function reliability dispositions method remapped - Google Patents
Based on backup income and the virtual network function reliability dispositions method remapped Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/46—Interconnection of networks
- H04L12/4641—Virtual LANs, VLANs, e.g. virtual private networks [VPN]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
- H04L41/0654—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using network fault recovery
- H04L41/0663—Performing the actions predefined by failover planning, e.g. switching to standby network elements
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of based on backup income and the virtual network function reliability dispositions method remapped.The present invention is firstly introduced into dual shared back mechanism, while effectively improving service function chain reliability, backup is reduced as far as possible to the occupancy of resource, to improve the resource utilization of system, a kind of rationally efficient virtual network function replay shooting method then is proposed for the virtual network function for not carrying out reliability backup in service function chain.Present invention firstly provides a kind of methods to carry out Backup and Restore for solving the problems, such as in service function chain virtual network function after breaking down and be changed by virtual network function reliability after remapping and service function chain reliability is caused to reduce.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of based on backup income index and the virtual network function reliability dispositions method remapped, belongs to
In network technique field.
Background technique
5G is the third generation mobile communication system developed towards mobile communication demand after the year two thousand twenty.It is complete with 5G network
Face is arrived, and it is network service dynamic elasticity portion that network virtualization technology, which becomes one of the key technology of Network Service Model transformation,
The basis of administration.Network function is virtualized by the network function software implementation on original specialized hardware, by being deployed in generic server
Virtual network function realized, while cutting operating costs, improving network function flexibility, also cause some newly to ask
The appearance of topic, such as the problem of network reliability of service is influenced by network function, network function, which breaks down, causes network to take
The case where business failure even causes network paralysis also happens occasionally.
In NFV network, network service is realized by service function chain SFC, at present for the research of service function chain deployment, greatly
It is conceived to the receptance of network service request, utilization rate of system resource etc., the research for virtual network function reliability more
It is fewer and fewer.At present for the promotion of virtual network function reliability, it is common practice to carry out virtual network function mapping
When, while distributing redundant resource and carrying out virtual network function backup；It, directly will be original when the virtual network function breaks down
Request is gone at resource backup, ensures the continuity and high reliability of service.But it is sacrificial while redundancy backup raising reliability
Domestic animal backup occupies system resource, and could not solve clothes where virtual network function after virtual network function failback
The problem of business function chain service reliability reduces.Service function chain reliability can just be effectively improved to be promoted as far as possible by how backing up
The validity of service function chain, this is the problem for needing to solve.
And it is proposed by the invention based on backup income with the virtual network function reliability dispositions method that remaps not only
Dual shared backup is introduced, and optimizes reliability deployment with backup income and weight coefficient reduced as far as possible to system resource
Occupancy, and by implementing replay shooting method to the virtual network function in service function chain, solve service function chain therefore
The recovery problem of virtual network function when barrier.There is very big reality for the optimization of the deployment of virtual network function reliability
Use meaning.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the purpose of the present invention is built for integrity problem of the virtual network function during deployment
Mould is improved for traditional redundancy backup method, is proposed a kind of based on backup income and the virtual network function remapped
Reliability dispositions method introduces dual shared back mechanism, backup income strategy is added, service function chain is reliable effectively improving
Property while, reduce backup as far as possible to the occupancy of resource, improve the resource utilization of system；And in service function chain
The virtual network function for not carrying out reliability backup proposes a kind of rationally efficient virtual network function replay shooting method；It mentions for the first time
A kind of method is for solving virtual network function virtual network after carrying out Backup and Restore and remapping in service function chain out
The problem of functional reliability changes and service function chain reliability is caused to reduce.
Technical solution: of the invention is a kind of based on backup income and the virtual network function reliability dispositions method remapped
It is rapid including the following steps:
Step 1, the dual shared back mechanism based on backup income, proposes a kind of band standby virtual of backup income index
Network function selection method, the reliability and system resource for taking into account service function chain occupy validity；
Step 2, for the virtual network function mapping problems of backup node, a kind of solution based on simulated annealing method is proposed
Certainly mode；
Step 3, lead to service function chain reliability after carrying out Backup and Restore or remapping for virtual network function
The problem of reduction, proposes a kind of reliability compensation policy.
Wherein:
Step 1 particular content are as follows:
Double shared equivalent models: (as shown in Figure 8)
After carrying out dual shared mechanism backup, the virtual network function vnf of backupaTwo virtual network functions can be considered as
vnfb、vnfc；Because two are shared and distribute to virtual network function vnfaAll kinds of resources, so the two virtual network functions
It can not act on simultaneously,
Virtual network function vnf is only investigated under the modeliReliability:
ri'=ri+(1-ri)(1-rj)rb (8)
Its increment are as follows:
Δri'=ri+(1-ri)(1-rj)rb-ri=(1-ri)(1-rj)rb (9)
Compared with original exclusive backup protection, the reliability decrease of dual shared backup are as follows:
Δri-Δri'=ra(1-ri)-(1-ri)(1-rj)rb (10)
Wherein: r indicates virtual network function reliability.Virtual network function vnf before backing upiReliability be ri, virtual net
Network function vnfjReliability be rj.Backup node is directed to vnfiAnd vnfjReliability respectively at ra、rb。
For the effect clearly backed up, it is assumed that ra=rb；Generic service mean reliability 99.9% is substituted into herein, it is double shared
The reliability decrease backed up compared to exclusive backup is 0.0000999%, even for carrier grade service, under this point reliability
Drop also can be ignored, but backup expense is but reduced to the half of almost original backup expense；
To reduce model complexity, a kind of double shared equivalent model (Double Shared Equivalent are proposed
Model, DSEM) by the virtual network function vnf after original backupiWith the vnf of its dual shared backupbRegard as one it is whole
Body --- network function fiThe virtual network function vnf new as onei', reliability is
ri'=ri+(1-ri)(1-rj)rb (11)
Virtual network function vnfjWith the vnf of its dual shared backupcRegard an entirety as --- network function fjAs one
A new virtual network function vnf'j, reliability is
rj'=rj+(1-ri)(1-rj)rc (12)
Wherein, virtual network function vnfcReliability be rc；
At this point, for virtual network function vnfi', its occupancy to resource is investigated, by standby virtual network function vnfa's
Resource occupation is not shared as a kind of special resource occupation to virtual network function vnfi、vnfj, subsequent to reduce with this
For network function fjWhen backup, the complexity of resource allocation problem；
Network model
NFV network G=(N, E), wherein N indicates node set, and E indicates the link set between node；On each node
Multiple virtual network function examples, the computing resource C that there is each node n oneself to monopolize can be placedn, storage resource MnAnd
Internet resources Bn, the virtual network function vnf that is placed on nodeiNode is needed to distribute its proprietary computing resource ci, storage money
Source miAnd Internet resources bi, and the sum of the occupied all kinds of resources of virtual network function disposed on node must not exceed this
The resource that node is possessed；
Service request in NFV network is defined, service request includes the strong of service type, service reliability demand and business
Degree；Service request type is service function chain request s in NFV networki, service function chain set expression is S, service function chain
siIt is the set NF of one group of network function by certain logical orderiComposition；Virtual network function set NFiIn virtual net
Network function is expressed as fij, each network function fijCorresponding one or more virtual network function vnfij, wherein i indicates the void
Quasi- network function belongs to service function chain si, j indicate the virtual network function be form service function chain j-th of virtual network
Function, reliability rij, define Boolean variable aijn, work as vnfijWhen being placed on node n, aijn=1；Work as vnfijIt does not place
When on node n, aijn=0；The type of service request determines service function chain siType, thereon all-network function remember
For Fi, resource size needed for the intensity of service request determines the virtual network function of composition service function chain；What is serviced can
Service function chain s is determined by property demandiReliability requirement be Ri；
After introducing virtual network function redundancy backup, virtual network function vnfijNetwork model need to carry out certain change
Change；It is assumed that deployment single virtual network function vnfijCalculating, storage and the Internet resources of occupancy are respectively cij、mijAnd bij,
Its reliability is rij, for virtual network function vnfijRedundancy backup is disposed on node nIt needs to distributeInstitute
The calculating of need, storage, Internet resources are respectively ci、mi、bi, simultaneously for network function fjFor, reliability obtains certain
Promoted, for reduce model complexity, will its occupied resource be considered as virtual network function vnfijOccupied resource, virtually
Network function backupShared resource is not counted in network function fjThe resource of occupancy, but its service function chain s need to be included iniIt accounts for
Backup expense；
Redundancy backup can increase the reliability of virtual network function, therefore define network function fijBackup income g
(fij) are as follows:
The backup income of service function chain is G (si) are as follows:
Virtual network function back up while increasing reliability, occupy a large amount of resource, virtual network function still
When non-failure, any income cannot be brought by backing up occupied resource, so needing to meet in the reliability of service function chain
While business demand, backup is reduced as far as possible to resource occupation, maximizes the backup income of service function chain；
Optimization aim:
Constraint condition:
Objective function (14) indicates that the backup for maximizing service function chain is the optimization aim of income this paper；Constraint condition
(15) the reliability r of service function chain is indicatedSFCNeed to meet the reliability requirement R of businessi；Constraint condition (16) extremely constraint item
Part (18) indicate all virtual network functions calculate node on node, the sum of occupancy of storage and Internet resources no more than
The resource that node itself distributes；Constraint condition (19) indicates that virtual network function must be deployed on a node, and is only capable of portion
It affixes one's name to onto a node.
Step 2 particular content are as follows:
Dual shared reliability dispositions method based on backup income
Network service has corresponding reliability requirement to service function chain, when not to be able to satisfy business reliable for service function chain
Property demand when, need by composition service function chain virtual network function carry out redundancy backup, to improve single network function
The reliability of energy, so that the reliability of service function chain be made to meet business demand；Service function can just be effectively improved by how backing up
For chain reliability to promote the validity of service function chain as far as possible, this is the problem for needing to solve；
In belief system, an overall performance is depended in the system of its assembly property, certain groups in these components
The unfailing performance variation of part may play prior effect than other assemblies, therefore introduce classical importance measures and refer to
Mark --- Birnbaum importance measures Importance Measure, IM carry out the importance degree of assembly reliability in characterization system
Amount；It is the calculation formula of the IM of component k as follows:
Significance level of the reliability increment of IM expression component k to the reliability of system；By the inspiration of IM, present invention definition
Network function fijBackup income (Backup Gains, BG):
Wherein,Indicate network function fijThe unit expense of backup, i.e. the resource backup expense of network function and network function
The ratio between increment after capable of backing up:
For all kinds of resource occupation in backup expense, different demands can be adapted to by adjusting weight coefficient；BG energy
Enough importance of the reflection virtual network function in whole service function chain, the value of BG is bigger, indicates to respective virtual network function
When can be carried out backup, it is bigger that influence is promoted on service function chain reliability；Therefore when being backed up, it is preferential select BG index compared with
Big virtual network function is backed up；
1. the initialization for carrying out service function chain according to corresponding dispositions method is placed according to the business demand of network；
2. judging whether the reliability of service function chain meets business followed by the reliability assessment of service function chain
Reliability requirement；
3. if conditions are not met, by the backup income index for calculating all virtual network functions in whole service function chain,
Select backup income index maximum and secondary big virtual network function, through local search approach on the node met the requirements
Carry out dual shared reliability backup；Virtual network function after dual shared backup is updated；
4. again carry out service function chain reliability assessment, then repeatedly step 3., until service function chain it is reliable
Property meets business necessary requirement；
The pseudocode of dual shared reliability dispositions method based on backup income is as follows:
Step 3 particular content are as follows:
The present invention is directed in nodes break down, is remapped or is migrated to backup, causes service function chain can
The case where by property variation, relevant solution is devised,
Virtual network function in the event of a failure, first carries out type of backup judgement, is located accordingly according to judgement result
Manage process；The deployment scenario of service function chain is inputted reliability deployment module by after treatment, and there may be go out for VNF failure
More situations:
1. migrating to backup, if migrated to backup node, being decreased obviously for original service function chain reliability will lead to,
Therefore need whether the reliability for verifying service function chain again meets the reliability requirement of business；Especially using dual total
When enjoying the virtual network function one of them of backup and breaking down, need to restore on backup node the virtual network function of failure
Can, while will cause the reliability decrease of the virtual network function of shared resource backup, need to be updated service at this time
The reliability of the virtual network function of the resource backup is shared in function chain；
2. virtual network function remaps, when remapping of virtual network function, replay are carried out using simulated annealing method
Virtual network function example reliability after penetrating may change, so as to cause the change of service function chain global reliability
Change；
Any the case where causing service function chain reliability to change, requires to carry out the reliable of a new round to service function chain
Property assessment, to guarantee that the reliability of service function chain can satisfy the reliability requirement of business always.
The utility model has the advantages that the invention has the following advantages that
1. the resource of reliability backup can as much as possible be reduced while effectively improving service function chain reliability
It occupies, maximizes the backup income of service function chain.
2. being able to solve the case where virtual network function to break down is without backup.Pass through remapping for virtual network function
Carry out reliability compensation.
3. being able to solve the virtual network function that breaks down has carried out dual shared backup and shared resource backup
The case where virtual network function breaks down simultaneously.By implementing the side of remapping to the virtual network function in service function chain
Method, the recovery of virtual network function when solving the problems, such as service function chain failure.
4. new one can be carried out to service function chain for any the case where causing service function chain reliability to change in time
The reliability assessment of wheel, to guarantee that the reliability of service function chain can satisfy the reliability requirement of business always.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is reliability deployment module flow chart,
Fig. 2 is VNF troubleshooting process figure,
Fig. 3 is service function chain basic model,
Fig. 4 is the equivalent model of service function chain voting model r=n,
Fig. 5 is r/n (G) model,
Fig. 6 is exclusive backup protection,
Fig. 7 is dual shared backup protection,
Fig. 8 is dual shared mechanism equivalent model,
Fig. 9 is equivalent service function chain after dual shared backup,
Figure 10 is network function virtualization basic model.
Specific embodiment
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
Reliability deployment is carried out using the dual shared mechanism based on backup income index first, the execution process of method is such as
Shown in Fig. 1:
1. the initialization for carrying out service function chain according to corresponding dispositions method is placed according to the business demand of network；
2. judging whether the reliability of service function chain meets business followed by the reliability assessment of service function chain
Reliability requirement；
3. if conditions are not met, by the backup income index for calculating all virtual network functions in whole service function chain,
Select backup income index maximum and secondary big virtual network function, through local search approach on the node met the requirements
Carry out dual shared reliability backup；Virtual network function after dual shared backup is updated；
3. again carry out service function chain reliability assessment, then repeatedly step 3., until service function chain it is reliable
Property meets business necessary requirement.
Dual shared reliability dispositions method based on backup income solves the service function chain of initialization deployment phase
Integrity problem, but there are still some problems to need to solve for the reliability of service function chain；When in service function chain
When virtual network function breaks down, it is understood that there may be a variety of situations:
1. the virtual network function to break down has carried out dual shared backup, and the virtual network of its shared resource backup
Function works normally.
2. the virtual network function to break down has carried out dual backup, but the virtual network function of its shared resource backup
It breaks down simultaneously.
3. the virtual network function to break down is not backed up.
Using based on backup income index and the virtual network function reliability dispositions method that remaps, for above-mentioned each
Class situation performs corresponding processing；And after processing is completed, effectively solve the problems, such as service function chain reliability decrease.
After virtual network function breaks down, it is introduced into type of backup judging module, to the virtual network function to failure
It can be carried out corresponding fault type judges；When carrying out type decision, when fault virtual network function, which exists, to be backed up, i.e., by business
Flow is redirected on the node where backup；If the network function for carrying out dual shared backup fails simultaneously, it is introduced into standby
The virtual network function that part type decision module is determined is considered as that there are virtual network function backups, and by shared backup
The virtual network function type of backup of resource is changed to no backup, and the virtual network function entered afterwards at this time is directly considered without standby
Part virtual network function is handled；For not carrying out the virtual network function of reliability backup, virtual network function is carried out
It remaps.
Virtual network function is remapped using simulated annealing method.An appropriate node is selected by simulated annealing method
Virtual network function is distributed to be instantiated.The solution space of simulated annealing method herein passes through to the progress time of all nodes
It goes through, solution space is added in the node for meeting resource requirementInitial solution n is by random function in solution spaceIt is middle carry out with
Machine is selected；The evaluation function that the present invention uses is C (n)=f (Cn,Mn,Bn, Δ τ), all kinds of resources of calculate node use shape
It condition and migrates to service function chain end-to-end time delay incrementss Δ τ brought by node n to be calculated；Receiving the probability that difference solves is
By implementing replay shooting method to the virtual network function in service function chain, when solving service function chain failure
Virtual network function recovery problem.The present invention is directed in nodes break down, is remapped or is migrated to backup,
The case where causing service function chain reliability to change, relevant solution is devised, flow chart is as shown in Figure 2:
Virtual network function in the event of a failure, first carries out type of backup judgement, is located accordingly according to judgement result
Manage process；The deployment scenario of service function chain is inputted reliability deployment module by after treatment, and there may be go out for VNF failure
More situations:
1. migrating to backup, if migrated to backup node, being decreased obviously for original service function chain reliability will lead to,
Therefore need whether the reliability for verifying service function chain again meets the reliability requirement of business；Especially using dual total
When enjoying the virtual network function one of them of backup and breaking down, need to restore on backup node the virtual network function of failure
Can, while will cause the reliability decrease of the virtual network function of shared resource backup, need to be updated service at this time
The reliability of the virtual network function of the resource backup is shared in function chain.
2. virtual network function remaps, when remapping of virtual network function, replay are carried out using simulated annealing method
Virtual network function example reliability after penetrating may change, so as to cause the change of service function chain global reliability
Change.
Any the case where causing service function chain reliability to change, requires to carry out the reliable of a new round to service function chain
Property assessment, to guarantee that the reliability of service function chain can satisfy the reliability requirement of business always.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The present invention to the greatest extent may be used while effectively improving service function chain reliability by introducing dual shared back mechanism
Can reduce backup to the occupancy of resource, to improve the resource utilization of system, then in service function chain not into
The virtual network function of row reliability backup proposes a kind of rationally efficient virtual network function replay shooting method, and solves clothes
Virtual network function carries out Backup and Restore and reliable by virtual network function after remapping after breaking down in business function chain
Property variation and cause service function chain reliability reduce the problem of.
It is of the present invention to be analyzed mainly based on backup income with the virtual network function reliability dispositions method remapped
Including the following contents:
1. the fail-safe analysis of service function chain
1.1 virtual network function reliability indexs
The index for measuring virtual network function reliability is the probability of virtual network function normal service, passes through virtual network
Respective virtual network function can be calculated in the duration of duration and virtual network function non-normal working that function works normally
It can reliability.The reliability r of virtual network function is equal to virtual network function normal working hours and virtual network function is run
The ratio between total time, they depend on virtual network function mean time between failures (mean time between failure,
MTBF) with virtual network function mean failure rate recovery time (mean time to repair, MTTR).
As shown in Figure 4, it is assumed that service function chain SFC is made of n virtual network function, and each virtual network function is corresponding
Reliability be ri, it is required that service function chain global reliability meets the reliability requirement of business.According to reliability model
In voting model (r/n (G) model), as shown in figure 5, composition system n unit in, normal unit number is no less than r (1
≤ r≤n) system would not failure, such model be known as decide by vote model.Decide by vote in model, as r=n, which is
Series model, i.e., the service function chain in figure can be equivalent to the link of an each virtual network function of series connection, therefore whole
The reliability r of service function chainSFCAre as follows:
1.2 redundancy backup mechanism and virtual network function fail-safe analysis
The method for improving reliability is that progress redundancy backup can be corresponding when carrying out virtual network function mapping
Virtual network function is distributed corresponding redundant resource and is backed up.As shown in Figure 6
Service function chain in Fig. 6 is made of three kinds of virtual network functions, is virtual network function vnfiDistribution is corresponding
Resource backup carries out exclusive backup vnfa, vnfaAnd vnfiSame calculating, storage and Internet resources are needed, and the resource is only
It can be by vnfaIt is exclusive, work as vnfiWhen normal work, vnf is distributed toaResource can not also be used by other virtual network functions.It is false
Vnf before backing up is assumed before fixed backupiReliability be ri, the reliability of standby virtual network function is ra, then vnf after backing upaWith
vnfiGlobal reliability are as follows:
ra+i=1- (1-ri)(1-ra)=ri+ra-rira (3)
By backup, the reliability increment which obtains is
Δri=1- (1-ri)(1-ra)-ri=ra(1-ri) (4)
The resource overhead of exclusive backup protection is excessively high, therefore attempts to reduce out by the way of dual shared backup herein
Pin, structural representation are as shown in Figure 7.Different from proprietary backup protection, dual shared backup is using between multiple virtual network functions
Shared resource backup, to reduce backup to the occupancy of resource；But these virtual network functions are unable to simultaneous faults, because dual
Shared backup can not provide the same reliability with exclusive backup；It is assumed that virtual network function vnfiResource occupation be Si, reliably
Property is ri, virtual network function vnfjResource occupation be Sj, reliability rj, backup node is S to the occupancy of resourcea=max
(Si,Sj), backup node is directed to vnfiAnd vnfjReliability respectively at ra、rb: the reliability of the service function chain after then backing up
Are as follows:
R'=rirj+(1-ri)rjra+rirb(1-rj) (5)
The reliability of original service function chain are as follows:
rSFC=rirj (6)
After carrying out dual shared backup, service function chain reliability increment are as follows:
In order to reduce the backup of service function chain to the occupancy situation of resource, it is common practice to composition service function chain
One or more virtual network functions that reliability is minimum in virtual network function carry out reliability backup, so that whole service
The reliability of function chain meets the needs of service.For choosing the problem of virtual network function backs up, conventional method is to mention
It chooses the minimum virtual network function of reliability and secondary low virtual network function in service function chain out to be backed up, to clothes
The reliability promotion for function chain of being engaged in is the most obvious, but this method method is based only upon sole indicator of the reliability as measurement,
When not considering the reliable similar temperament of virtual network function, there may be larger differences for occupancy situation of the different virtual networks to resource.
Assuming that service function chain SFCjReliability requirement beHow reasonably to be disposed, so that composition service
The reliability of the virtual network function of function chain meets the needs of business, while reducing redundancy backup as far as possible to system resource
Occupancy, guarantee that resource is effectively exploited.
1.3 pairs of shared equivalent models
After carrying out dual shared mechanism backup, the virtual network function vnf of backupaTwo virtual network functions can be considered as
vnfb、vnfc；But because two are shared and distribute to virtual network function vnfaAll kinds of resources, so the two virtual networks
Function can not act on simultaneously.As shown in Figure 8
Only investigate virtual network function vnfiReliability:
ri'=ri+(1-ri)(1-rj)rb (8)
Its increment are as follows:
Δri'=ri+(1-ri)(1-rj)rb-ri=(1-ri)(1-rj)rb (9)
Compared with original exclusive backup protection, the reliability decrease of dual shared backup are as follows:
Δri-Δri'=ra(1-ri)-(1-ri)(1-rj)rb (10)
For the effect clearly backed up, it is assumed that ra=rb.Generic service mean reliability 99.9% is substituted into herein, it is double shared
The reliability decrease backed up compared to exclusive backup is 0.0000999%, even for carrier grade service, under this point reliability
Drop also can be ignored.But backup expense is but reduced to the half or so of almost original backup expense.
To reduce model complexity, the present invention proposes a kind of double shared equivalent model (Double Shared
Equivalent Model, DSEM) by the virtual network function vnf after original backupiWith the vnf of its dual shared backupbIt sees
Do an entirety --- network function fiThe virtual network function vnf new as onei', reliability is
ri'=ri+(1-ri)(1-rj)rb (11)
Virtual network function vnfjWith the vnf of its dual shared backupcRegard an entirety as --- network function fjAs one
A new virtual network function vnf'j, reliability is
rj'=rj+(1-ri)(1-rj)rc (12)
At this point, for virtual network function vnfi', investigate its occupancy to resource.Herein by standby virtual network function
vnfaResource occupation as a kind of special resource occupation, do not share to virtual network function vnfi、vnfj, dropped with this
It is low subsequent for network function fjWhen backup, the complexity of resource allocation problem.Equivalent service function chain after dual shared backup
As shown in Figure 9.
2. system model
2.1 problem statement
In NFV network, business demand is realized by network service, and the entity that network service is realized is service function chain
SFC；Service function chain is one group, and there are the virtual network function VNF of logical order combinations to realize.Network service traffic according to
Corresponding logical order passes sequentially through these network functions.Every service function chain has the performance requirement of itself, such as end is arrived
The time delay at end and the reliability requirement of service chaining；The virtual network function of composition service function chain needs to be deployed in network
Node on.Node in network has respectively exclusive physical resource, including computing resource, storage resource and Internet resources；
Multiple VNF can be placed on each node.VNF on node when being instantiated, all kinds of resources needed for needing to distribute；Exist simultaneously
Carry out the performance requirement end to end of service function chain where needing to consider it when virtual network function deployment.Carrying out void
It when quasi- network function deployment, requires consideration for how that suitable virtual network function is selected to be backed up, can be only achieved clothes where it
How the reliability requirement for function chain of being engaged in, carry out selecting suitable backup strategy that could reduce backup expense as far as possible to system
The occupancy of resource.
As shown in Figure 10, in NFV network, when the request of new business reaches, NFV layout manager converts service request
For the request of service function chain, the corresponding strength demand etc. of reliability requirement, delay requirement and business including business.NFV
Layout manager converts these to the demand of all kinds of resources needed for corresponding virtual network function in service function chain, carries out
The deployment of next step prepares.It is tentatively disposed by the VNF virtual network function dispositions method based on time delay, exports preliminary portion
Management side case.According to the deployment and its reliability of virtual network function each in preliminary deployment scheme, it is standby to calculate service function chain
Part scheme carries out the backup deployment of service function chain, until service function chain reliability meets business demand.Redundancy backup solves
Integrity problem in service function chain deployment in the virtual network that can survive mapping；Need to propose that a kind of method is used to solve void
Integrity problem in quasi- network function operational process, that is, when needing to solve to be not backed up virtual network function failure, virtual network
Function remaps problem.Current either redundancy backup fault recovery or virtual network function, which remap fault recovery, all not to be had
Have and considers the problems of to reduce service function chain service reliability where virtual network function after virtual network function fault recovery.
2.2 network model
NFV network G=(N, E), wherein N indicates node set, and E indicates the link set between node.On each node
Multiple virtual network function examples can be placed.The computing resource C that there is each node n oneself to monopolizen, storage resource MnAnd
Internet resources Bn.The virtual network function vnf being placed on nodeiNode is needed to distribute its proprietary computing resource ci, storage money
Source miAnd Internet resources bi, and the sum of the occupied all kinds of resources of virtual network function disposed on node must not exceed this
The resource that node is possessed.
Service request in NFV network is defined, service request includes the strong of service type, service reliability demand and business
Degree.Service request type is service function chain request s in NFV networki, service function chain set expression is S.Service function chain
siIt is the set NF of one group of network function by certain logical orderiComposition；Virtual network function set NFiIn virtual net
Network function is expressed as fij, each network function fijCorresponding one or more virtual network function vnfij, wherein i indicates the void
Quasi- network function belongs to service function chain si, j indicate the virtual network function be form service function chain j-th of virtual network
Function, reliability rij.Define Boolean variable aijn, work as vnfijWhen being placed on node n, aijn=1；Work as vnfijIt does not place
When on node n, aijn=0；The type of service request determines service function chain siType, thereon all-network function remember
For Fi, resource size needed for the intensity of service request determines the virtual network function of composition service function chain；What is serviced can
Service function chain s is determined by property demandiReliability requirement be Ri。
After introducing virtual network function redundancy backup, virtual network function vnfijNetwork model need to carry out certain change
Change；It is assumed that deployment single virtual network function vnfijCalculating, storage and the Internet resources of occupancy are respectively cij、mijAnd bij,
Its reliability is rij, for virtual network function vnfijRedundancy backup is disposed on node nIt needs to distributeInstitute
The calculating of need, storage, Internet resources are respectively ci、mi、bi, simultaneously for network function fjFor, reliability obtains certain
Promoted, for reduce model complexity, will its occupied resource be considered as virtual network function vnfijOccupied resource, virtually
Network function backupShared resource is not counted in network function fjThe resource of occupancy, but its service function chain s need to be included iniIt accounts for
Backup expense.
Redundancy backup can increase the reliability of virtual network function, therefore define network function fijBackup income g
(fij) are as follows:
The backup income of service function chain is G (si) are as follows:
Virtual network function back up while increasing reliability, occupy a large amount of resource, virtual network function still
When non-failure, any income cannot be brought by backing up occupied resource, so needing to meet in the reliability of service function chain
While business demand, backup is reduced as far as possible to resource occupation, maximizes the backup income of service function chain.
Optimization aim:
Constraint condition:
Objective function (14) indicates that the backup for maximizing service function chain is the optimization aim of income this paper；Constraint condition
(15) the reliability r of service function chain is indicatedSFCNeed to meet the reliability requirement R of businessi；Constraint condition (16) extremely constraint item
Part (18) indicate all virtual network functions calculate node on node, the sum of occupancy of storage and Internet resources no more than
The resource that node itself distributes；Constraint condition (19) indicates that virtual network function must be deployed on a node, and is only capable of portion
It affixes one's name to onto a node.
3 based on backup income index and the virtual network function dispositions method remapped
At this function is remapped and serviced to the integrity problem during the deployment of service function chain, virtual network function failure
The problem of energy chain reliability decrease, propose it is a kind of comprehensively reliable solution --- based on backup income index with remap
The virtual network function dispositions method of (Backup Revenue Index and Remapping, BRIR).
The 3.1 dual shared reliability dispositions methods based on backup income
Network service has corresponding reliability requirement to service function chain, when not to be able to satisfy business reliable for service function chain
Property demand when, need by composition service function chain virtual network function carry out redundancy backup, to improve single network function
The reliability of energy, so that the reliability of service function chain be made to meet business demand.Service function can just be effectively improved by how backing up
For chain reliability to promote the validity of service function chain as far as possible, this is the problem for needing to solve.
In belief system, an overall performance is depended in the system of its assembly property, certain groups in these components
The unfailing performance variation of part may play prior effect than other assemblies, therefore introduce classical importance measures and refer to
Mark --- Birnbaum importance measures (Importance Measure, IM) carry out the importance of assembly reliability in characterization system
Measurement.It is the calculation formula of the IM of component k as follows:
Significance level of the reliability increment of IM expression component k to the reliability of system.By the inspiration of IM, define herein
Network function fijBackup income (Backup Gains, BG):
Wherein,Indicate network function fijThe unit expense of backup, i.e. the resource backup expense of network function and network function
The ratio between increment after capable of backing up:
For all kinds of resource occupation in backup expense, different demands can be adapted to by adjusting weight coefficient.BG energy
Enough importance of the reflection virtual network function in whole service function chain, the value of BG is bigger, indicates to respective virtual network function
When can be carried out backup, it is bigger that influence is promoted on service function chain reliability.Therefore when being backed up, it is preferential select BG index compared with
Big virtual network function is backed up.
The execution process of dual shared reliability dispositions method based on backup income index is as shown in Figure 1:
1. the initialization for carrying out service function chain according to corresponding dispositions method is placed according to the business demand of network；
2. judging whether the reliability of service function chain meets business followed by the reliability assessment of service function chain
Reliability requirement；
3. if conditions are not met, by the backup income index for calculating all virtual network functions in whole service function chain,
Select backup income index maximum and secondary big virtual network function, through local search approach on the node met the requirements
Carry out dual shared reliability backup；Virtual network function after dual shared backup is updated；
4. again carry out service function chain reliability assessment, then repeatedly step 3., until service function chain it is reliable
Property meets business necessary requirement.
The pseudocode of dual shared reliability dispositions method based on backup income is as follows:
3.2 based on backup income index and the virtual network function reliability dispositions method remapped
Dual shared reliability dispositions method based on backup income solves the service function chain of initialization deployment phase
Integrity problem, but there are still some problems to need to solve for the reliability of service function chain；When in service function chain
When virtual network function breaks down, it is understood that there may be a variety of situations:
1. the virtual network function to break down has carried out dual shared backup, and the virtual network of its shared resource backup
Function works normally.
2. the virtual network function to break down has carried out dual backup, but the virtual network function of its shared resource backup
It breaks down simultaneously.
3. the virtual network function to break down is not backed up.
Using based on backup income index and the virtual network function reliability dispositions method that remaps, for above-mentioned each
Class situation performs corresponding processing；And after processing is completed, effectively solve the problems, such as service function chain reliability decrease.
After virtual network function breaks down, it is introduced into type of backup judging module, to the virtual network function to failure
It can be carried out corresponding fault type judges；When carrying out type decision, when fault virtual network function, which exists, to be backed up, i.e., by business
Flow is redirected on the node where backup；If the network function for carrying out dual shared backup fails simultaneously, it is introduced into standby
The virtual network function that part type decision module is determined is considered as that there are virtual network function backups, and by shared backup
The virtual network function type of backup of resource is changed to no backup, and the virtual network function entered afterwards at this time is directly considered without standby
Part virtual network function is handled；For not carrying out the virtual network function of reliability backup, virtual network function is carried out
It remaps.
Virtual network function remap using simulated annealing method (Simulated Annealing Algorithm,
SAA), select an appropriate node to distribute to virtual network function by simulated annealing method to be instantiated.It is simulated in this chapter
Solution space is added by traversing to all nodes, by the node for meeting resource requirement in the solution space of method for annealingJust
The solution that begins n passes through random function in solution spaceIt is middle to be selected at random；The evaluation function that this chapter is used is C (n)=f (Cn,Mn,
Bn, Δ τ), it the behaviour in service of all kinds of resources of calculate node and migrates to the service function end of the chain brought by node n to be calculated
To terminal delay time incrementss Δ τ；Receiving the probability that difference solves is
The pseudocode of simulated annealing method is as follows:
By implementing replay shooting method to the virtual network function in service function chain, when solving service function chain failure
Virtual network function recovery problem.The present invention is directed in nodes break down, is remapped or is migrated to backup,
The case where causing service function chain reliability to change, relevant solution is devised, flow chart is as shown in Figure 2:
Virtual network function in the event of a failure, first carries out type of backup judgement, is located accordingly according to judgement result
Manage process；The deployment scenario of service function chain is inputted reliability deployment module by after treatment, and there may be go out for VNF failure
More situations:
1. migrating to backup, if migrated to backup node, being decreased obviously for original service function chain reliability will lead to,
Therefore need whether the reliability for verifying service function chain again meets the reliability requirement of business；Especially using dual total
When enjoying the virtual network function one of them of backup and breaking down, need to restore on backup node the virtual network function of failure
Can, while will cause the reliability decrease of the virtual network function of shared resource backup, need to be updated service at this time
The reliability of the virtual network function of the resource backup is shared in function chain.
2. virtual network function remaps, when remapping of virtual network function, replay are carried out using simulated annealing method
Virtual network function example reliability after penetrating may change, so as to cause the change of service function chain global reliability
Change.
Any the case where causing service function chain reliability to change, requires to carry out the reliable of a new round to service function chain
Property assessment, to guarantee that the reliability of service function chain can satisfy the reliability requirement of business always.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of based on backup income and the virtual network function reliability dispositions method remapped, it is characterised in that this method packet
It is rapid to include the following steps:
Step 1, the dual shared back mechanism based on backup income proposes a kind of band backup virtual network of backup income index
Function selection method, the reliability and system resource for taking into account service function chain occupy validity；
Step 2, for the virtual network function mapping problems of backup node, a kind of solution party based on simulated annealing method is proposed
Formula；
Step 3, lead to the reduction of service function chain reliability after carrying out Backup and Restore or remapping for virtual network function
The problem of, propose a kind of reliability compensation policy.
2. it is according to claim 1 based on backup income and the virtual network function reliability dispositions method that remaps,
It is characterized in, step 1 particular content are as follows:
Double shared equivalent models: (as shown in Figure 6)
After carrying out dual shared mechanism backup, the virtual network function vnf of backupaTwo virtual network function vnf can be considered asb、
vnfc；Because two are shared and distribute to virtual network function vnfaAll kinds of resources, so the two virtual network functions can not be same
Shi Zuoyong,
Virtual network function vnf is only investigated under the modeliReliability:
ri'=ri+(1-ri)(1-rj)rb (8)
Its increment are as follows:
Δri'=ri+(1-ri)(1-rj)rb-ri=(1-ri)(1-rj)rb (9)
Compared with original exclusive backup protection, the reliability decrease of dual shared backup are as follows:
Δri-Δri'=ra(1-ri)-(1-ri)(1-rj)rb (10)
Wherein: r indicates virtual network function reliability.Virtual network function vnf before backing upiReliability be ri, virtual network function
It can vnfjReliability be rj.Backup node is directed to vnfiAnd vnfjReliability respectively at ra、rb。
For the effect clearly backed up, it is assumed that ra=rb；Generic service mean reliability 99.9%, double shared backups are substituted into herein
Reliability decrease compared to exclusive backup is 0.0000999%, even for carrier grade service, the decline of this point reliability
It can be ignored, but backup expense is but reduced to the half of almost original backup expense；
To reduce model complexity, propose a kind of double shared equivalent model (Double Shared Equivalent Model,
DSEM) by the virtual network function vnf after original backupiWith the vnf of its dual shared backupbRegard an entirety as --- net
Network function fiThe virtual network function vnf new as onei', reliability is
ri'=ri+(1-ri)(1-rj)rb (11)
Virtual network function vnfjWith the vnf of its dual shared backupcRegard an entirety as --- network function fjIt is new as one
Virtual network function vnf 'j, reliability is
rj'=rj+(1-ri)(1-rj)rc (12)
Wherein, virtual network function vnfcReliability be rc；
At this point, for virtual network function vnfi', its occupancy to resource is investigated, by standby virtual network function vnfaResource
It occupies as a kind of special resource occupation, does not share to virtual network function vnfi、vnfj, with this come reduce it is subsequent for
Network function fjWhen backup, the complexity of resource allocation problem；
Network model
NFV network G=(N, E), wherein N indicates node set, and E indicates the link set between node；It can be on each node
Place multiple virtual network function examples, the computing resource C that there is each node n oneself to monopolizen, storage resource MnAnd network
Resource Bn, the virtual network function vnf that is placed on nodeiNode is needed to distribute its proprietary computing resource ci, storage resource mi
And Internet resources bi, and the sum of the occupied all kinds of resources of virtual network function disposed on node must not exceed the node
The resource possessed；
Service request in NFV network is defined, service request includes the intensity of service type, service reliability demand and business；
Service request type is service function chain request s in NFV networki, service function chain set expression is S, service function chain siIt is
The set NF of one group of network function by certain logical orderiComposition；Virtual network function set NFiIn virtual network function
It can be expressed as fij, each network function fijCorresponding one or more virtual network function vnfij, wherein i indicates the virtual net
Network function belongs to service function chain si, j indicate the virtual network function be form service function chain j-th of virtual network function
Can, reliability rij, define Boolean variable aijn, work as vnfijWhen being placed on node n, aijn=1；Work as vnfijIt is not placed in
When on node n, aijn=0；The type of service request determines service function chain siType, all-network function is denoted as thereon
Fi, resource size needed for the intensity of service request determines the virtual network function of composition service function chain；What is serviced is reliable
Property demand determines service function chain siReliability requirement be Ri；
After introducing virtual network function redundancy backup, virtual network function vnfijNetwork model need to carry out certain variation；
It is assumed that deployment single virtual network function vnfijCalculating, storage and the Internet resources of occupancy are respectively cij、mijAnd bij,
Reliability is rij, for virtual network function vnfijRedundancy backup is disposed on node nIt needs to distributeIt is required
Calculating, storage, Internet resources be respectively ci、mi、bi, simultaneously for network function fjFor, reliability obtains certain mention
Rise, for reduce model complexity, will its occupied resource be considered as virtual network function vnfijOccupied resource, virtual net
The backup of network functionShared resource is not counted in network function fjThe resource of occupancy, but its service function chain s need to be included iniIt occupies
Backup expense；
Redundancy backup can increase the reliability of virtual network function, therefore define network function fijBackup income g (fij) are as follows:
The backup income of service function chain is G (si) are as follows:
Virtual network function backs up while increasing reliability, occupies a large amount of resource, in virtual network function not yet event
When barrier, any income cannot be brought by backing up occupied resource, so needing to meet business in the reliability of service function chain
While demand, backup is reduced as far as possible to resource occupation, maximizes the backup income of service function chain；
Optimization aim:
Constraint condition:
Objective function (14) indicates that the backup for maximizing service function chain is the optimization aim of income this paper；Constraint condition (15) table
Show the reliability r of service function chainSFCNeed to meet the reliability requirement R of businessi；Constraint condition (16) is to constraint condition (18)
Indicate that all virtual network functions are to the sum of occupancy of node calculating, storage and Internet resources no more than node sheet on node
The resource that status is matched；Constraint condition (19) indicates that virtual network function must be deployed on a node, and is only capable of being deployed to one
On a node.
3. according to claim 1 a kind of based on backup income and the virtual network function reliability deployment side remapped
Method, characterized in that step 2 particular content are as follows:
Dual shared reliability dispositions method based on backup income
Network service has corresponding reliability requirement to service function chain, needs when service function chain is not able to satisfy service reliability
When asking, need to carry out redundancy backup by the virtual network function to composition service function chain, to improve single network function
Reliability, so that the reliability of service function chain be made to meet business demand；How to back up just can effectively improve service function chain can
Promote the validity of service function chain as far as possible by property, this is the problem for needing to solve；
In belief system, an overall performance is depended in the system of its assembly property, certain components in these components
Unfailing performance variation may play prior effect than other assemblies, therefore introduce classical importance measures index ---
Birnbaum importance measures Importance Measure, IM carry out the importance measures of assembly reliability in characterization system；Such as
Under be component k IM calculation formula:
Significance level of the reliability increment of IM expression component k to the reliability of system；By the inspiration of IM, invention defines nets
Network function fijBackup income (Backup Gains, BG):
Wherein,Indicate network function fijThe unit expense of backup, i.e. the resource backup expense of network function and network function are standby
The ratio between increment after part:
For all kinds of resource occupation in backup expense, different demands can be adapted to by adjusting weight coefficient；BG can be anti-
Reflect importance of the virtual network function in whole service function chain, the value of BG is bigger, indicate to respective virtual network function into
When row backup, it is bigger that influence is promoted on service function chain reliability；Therefore preferential to select BG index biggish when being backed up
Virtual network function is backed up；
1. the initialization for carrying out service function chain according to corresponding dispositions method is placed according to the business demand of network；
2. judge whether the reliability of service function chain meet business can followed by the reliability assessment of service function chain
By property demand；
3. if conditions are not met, being selected by the backup income index for calculating all virtual network functions in whole service function chain
Backup income index maximum and secondary big virtual network function, are carried out on the node met the requirements by local search approach
Dual shared reliability backup；Virtual network function after dual shared backup is updated；
4. carry out the reliability assessment of service function chain again, then repeatedly step 3., until the reliability of service function chain is full
Sufficient business necessary requirement；
The pseudocode of dual shared reliability dispositions method based on backup income is as follows:
4. according to claim 1 a kind of based on backup income and the virtual network function reliability deployment side remapped
Method, characterized in that step 3 particular content are as follows:
The present invention is directed in nodes break down, is remapped or is migrated to backup, leads to service function chain reliability
The case where variation, devises relevant solution,
Virtual network function in the event of a failure, first carries out type of backup judgement, performs corresponding processing stream according to judgement result
Journey；The deployment scenario of service function chain is inputted reliability deployment module by after treatment, and there may be susceptible out for VNF failure
Condition:
1. migrating to backup, if migrated to backup node, being decreased obviously for original service function chain reliability will lead to, therefore
Need whether the reliability for verifying service function chain again meets the reliability requirement of business；Especially using it is dual share it is standby
When the virtual network function one of them of part breaks down, need to restore on backup node the virtual network function of failure, together
When will cause shared resource backup virtual network function reliability decrease, need to be updated service function chain at this time
In share the resource backup virtual network function reliability；
2. virtual network function remaps, when remapping of virtual network function is carried out using simulated annealing method, after remapping
Virtual network function example reliability may change, so as to cause the variation of service function chain global reliability；
The reliability that any the case where causing service function chain reliability to change requires to carry out service function chain a new round is commented
Estimate, to guarantee that the reliability of service function chain can satisfy the reliability requirement of business always.
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| CN114944985A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-08-26 | 重庆大学 | Reliability-oriented service function chain backup method in resource heterogeneous environment |
| CN114944985B (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2023-11-24 | 重庆大学 | Reliability-oriented service function chain backup method in resource heterogeneous environment |
| CN115378817A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-11-22 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Resource backup method, device, equipment and storage medium of service function chain |
| CN115378817B (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2023-09-22 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Resource backup method, device, equipment and storage medium of service function chain |
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