CN110185433B - Marine riser gas cut monitoring device and method based on spectral feature analysis method - Google Patents
Marine riser gas cut monitoring device and method based on spectral feature analysis method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110185433B CN110185433B CN201910409594.4A CN201910409594A CN110185433B CN 110185433 B CN110185433 B CN 110185433B CN 201910409594 A CN201910409594 A CN 201910409594A CN 110185433 B CN110185433 B CN 110185433B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
- E21B47/14—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves
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Abstract
The invention discloses a marine riser gas cut monitoring device and method based on a spectral feature analysis method, wherein the marine riser gas cut monitoring device comprises an underwater host, a marine riser, an underwater monitoring device, a ground host and a data analyzer; the marine riser gas invasion monitoring method comprises the steps of obtaining basic data, obtaining monitoring data, drawing a time-varying curve of a spectrum characteristic parameter, and determining whether gas invasion occurs to the marine riser according to the difference between the monitoring signal spectrum characteristic parameter and the basic data spectrum characteristic parameter. The marine riser gas invasion monitoring device and method based on the spectral feature analysis method are simple and convenient to operate, are used for identifying whether the marine riser generates gas invasion and judging the gas invasion degree, and are sensitive in precision and high in reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil exploitation, in particular to a marine riser gas cut monitoring device and method based on a spectral feature analysis method.
Background
In the drilling process of petroleum engineering, the case of blowout sometimes occurs. The occurrence of blowout not only threatens the life safety of field workers, but also seriously pollutes the environment and causes huge economic loss to the society. The occurrence of blowout accidents is mostly caused by the fact that well invasion cannot be found in time. Well invasion refers to the invasion of formation fluids (oil, gas, water) into the well, with gas invasion being the most common type of well invasion.
The wellhead parameter monitoring method is a gas invasion monitoring method which is widely used at present, but data information transmission of parameter information obtained by the wellhead parameter monitoring method in a deep well is slow, and whether gas invasion occurs in a marine riser or not and the gas invasion degree cannot be identified in real time.
The existing riser gas invasion monitoring mainly analyzes the amplitude of a signal and judges whether gas invasion occurs in a riser according to an analysis result. Due to the fact that deep water drilling can generate large noise, the existing riser gas invasion analysis method cannot accurately identify whether gas invasion occurs in the riser and judge the gas invasion degree.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a marine riser gas invasion monitoring device and method based on a spectral feature analysis method, which are used for solving the problems that whether gas invasion occurs in a marine riser or not and the gas invasion degree cannot be accurately identified in the prior art.
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a marine riser gas cut monitoring device based on a spectral feature analysis method, which includes an underwater host, a marine riser, an underwater monitoring device, a ground host and a data analyzer, wherein the underwater host and the underwater monitoring device are arranged on an outer pipe wall at a lower part of the marine riser, the ground host is arranged above a water surface, the underwater host and the ground host are connected through a data line, and the underwater host and the underwater monitoring device are connected through a data line; the underwater monitoring device comprises a transmitting probe and a receiving probe, the transmitting probe and the receiving probe are arranged on the outer side of the bottom pipe wall of the marine riser side by side, and the transmitting probe and the receiving probe are connected with the underwater host through data lines; the data analyzer also comprises a signal receiving module, a signal conversion module, a signal processing module and a data recording module, wherein the signal receiving module, the signal conversion module, the signal processing module and the data recording module are all connected with the ground host through data lines.
Preferably, the transmitting probe and the receiving probe are both ultrasonic doppler probes.
The invention also relates to a method for monitoring riser gas invasion, which adopts any one of the riser gas invasion monitoring devices and comprises the following steps:
acquiring basic data;
acquiring monitoring data;
and (5) drawing a curve of the spectral characteristic parameter changing along with time.
Further, the obtaining of the basic data comprises the following steps:
step A1: the receiving probe acquires an ultrasonic signal in the marine riser and sends an ultrasonic echo signal to the underwater host;
step A2: the underwater host sends the ultrasonic echo signal to the ground host;
step A3: the ground host sends an ultrasonic echo signal to the signal receiving module, and the signal receiving module receives the ultrasonic echo signal and sends the ultrasonic echo signal to the signal conversion module through the ground host;
step A4: the signal conversion module converts the ultrasonic echo signal into a digital signal at a sampling frequency which is not less than 3 times of the ultrasonic frequency, and sends the digital signal to the signal processing module through the ground host;
step A5: the signal processing module analyzes the spectrum characteristic value of the digital signal to obtain the kurtosis and skewness parameters of a signal spectrum, and sends the obtained spectrum characteristic value result to the data recording module through the ground host;
step A6: and the data recording module records and displays the spectrum characteristic value result to obtain a spectrum characteristic value result without gas invasion in the marine riser, and the spectrum characteristic value result is used as basic data.
Further, the acquisition of the monitoring data comprises the following steps:
step B1: under the monitoring condition, the receiving probe acquires an ultrasonic signal in the marine riser and sends an ultrasonic echo signal to the underwater host;
step B2: the underwater host sends the ultrasonic echo signal to the ground host;
step B3: the ground host sends an ultrasonic echo signal to the signal receiving module, and the signal receiving module receives the ultrasonic echo signal and sends the ultrasonic echo signal to the signal conversion module through the ground host;
step B4: the signal conversion module converts the ultrasonic echo signal into a digital signal at a sampling frequency which is not less than 3 times of the ultrasonic frequency, and sends the digital signal to the signal processing module through the ground host;
step B5: the signal processing module analyzes the spectrum characteristic value of the digital signal to obtain the kurtosis and skewness parameters of a signal spectrum, and sends the obtained spectrum characteristic value result to the data recording module through the ground host;
step B6: and the data recording module records and displays the spectrum characteristic value result to obtain a spectrum characteristic value result of the monitoring signal in the marine riser, and the spectrum characteristic value result is used as monitoring data.
And further, comparing the monitoring data with the basic data, and determining whether the gas invasion occurs or not by using the deviation degree of the spectral characteristic parameter kurtosis and skewness and the basic data.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses a gas invasion monitoring device and a method, which adopt an ultrasonic Doppler method to measure the gas invasion process of a water-separating pipe during deep sea drilling, acquire ultrasonic signals in the water-separating pipe under the condition of no gas invasion to perform spectral characteristic analysis to obtain basic data, acquire the ultrasonic signals in the water-separating pipe to perform spectral characteristic analysis to obtain monitoring data, compare the basic data with the monitoring data and draw a curve of spectral characteristic parameters changing along with time, and finally determine whether the gas invasion occurs in the water-separating pipe and determine the gas invasion degree of the water-separating pipe according to the changing curve and the difference between the spectral characteristic parameters of the monitoring signals and the spectral characteristic parameters of the basic data. The gas invasion monitoring device and the gas invasion monitoring method are simple and convenient to operate, are used for identifying whether the marine riser generates gas invasion and judging the gas invasion degree, and are sensitive in precision and high in reliability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the external structural connections of a riser gas migration monitoring apparatus provided in the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the internal electrical components of the riser gas invasion monitoring device provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the marine riser gas cut monitoring device comprises an underwater host 1, a marine riser 2, an underwater monitoring device 3, a ground host 4 and a data analyzer 5, wherein the underwater host 1 and the underwater monitoring device 3 are arranged on the outer pipe wall of the lower part of the marine riser 2, the ground host 4 is arranged above the water surface, the underwater host 1 and the ground host 4 are connected through a data line, and the underwater host 1 and the underwater monitoring device 3 are connected through a data line.
The underwater monitoring device 3 comprises a transmitting probe 31 and a receiving probe 32, the transmitting probe 31 and the receiving probe 32 are arranged on the outer side of the bottom pipe wall of the marine riser 2 side by side, and both the transmitting probe 31 and the receiving probe 32 are connected with the underwater host 1 through data lines.
Further, the transmitting probe 31 and the receiving probe 32 are both ultrasonic doppler probes.
Further, the data analyzer 5 further includes a signal receiving module 51, a signal conversion module 52, a signal processing module 53 and a data recording module 54, wherein the signal receiving module 51, the signal conversion module 52, the signal processing module 53 and the data recording module 54 are all connected to the ground host 4 through data lines;
wherein, the transmitting probe 31 transmits ultrasonic waves to the interior of the riser 2;
the receiving probe 32 acquires an ultrasonic echo signal in the marine riser 2 and sends the ultrasonic echo signal to the underwater host 1;
the underwater host 1 sends the ultrasonic echo signal to a ground host 4;
the ground host 4 sends the ultrasonic echo signal to the signal receiving module 51, and the signal receiving module 51 receives the ultrasonic echo signal and sends the ultrasonic echo signal to the signal conversion module 52 through the ground host 4;
the signal conversion module 52 converts the ultrasonic echo signal into a digital signal at a sampling frequency not lower than 3 times the ultrasonic frequency, and sends the digital signal to the signal processing module 53 through the ground host 4;
the signal processing module 53 analyzes the spectrum characteristic value of the digital signal and sends the obtained spectrum characteristic value result to the data recording module 54 through the ground host 4;
the data logging module 54 logs and displays the spectral feature results.
As a specific embodiment, the surface host 4 may control the opening and parameter adjustment of the underwater host 1, when the underwater host 1 is opened, the underwater host 1 starts to work, and the transmitting probe 31 and the receiving probe 32 attached to the outer wall of the marine riser 2 respectively transmit and receive ultrasonic signals. The working principle of the probe is as follows: the transmitting probe transmits an ultrasonic signal into the riser, the receiving probe receives the signal, and when the fluid in the riser is different, the received signal is different.
After the probe receives 32 the signal, the probe transmits the signal data to the underwater host 1, and the underwater host 1 analyzes and processes the ultrasonic signal to obtain the kurtosis and skewness spectrum characteristic values of the signal and make a curve of the spectrum characteristic changing along with time. Under the normal condition without gas invasion, the spectral characteristic value tends to be stable along with time, and when the gas invasion of the marine riser occurs, the curve of the spectral characteristic changing along with the time fluctuates.
Example 2
acquiring basic data:
step A1: under the condition of no gas invasion, the receiving probe 32 acquires an ultrasonic signal in the marine riser 2 and sends an ultrasonic echo signal to the underwater host 1;
step A2: the underwater host 1 sends the ultrasonic echo signal to a ground host 4;
step A3: the ground host 4 sends the ultrasonic echo signal to the signal receiving module 51, and the signal receiving module 51 receives the ultrasonic echo signal and sends the ultrasonic echo signal to the signal conversion module 52 through the ground host 4;
step A4: the signal conversion module 52 converts the ultrasonic echo signal into a digital signal at a sampling frequency not lower than 3 times the ultrasonic frequency, and sends the digital signal to the signal processing module 53 through the ground host 4;
step A5: the signal processing module 53 analyzes the spectrum characteristic value of the digital signal to obtain the kurtosis and skewness parameters of the signal spectrum, and sends the obtained spectrum characteristic value result to the data recording module 54 through the ground host 4;
step A6: the data recording module 54 records and displays the result of the spectrum characteristic value to obtain a result of the spectrum characteristic value without gas invasion in the riser 2, and uses the result of the spectrum characteristic value as basic data.
Acquiring monitoring data:
step B1: under the monitoring condition, the receiving probe 32 acquires an ultrasonic signal in the marine riser 2 and sends an ultrasonic echo signal to the underwater host 1;
steps B2 to B5: repeating steps a2 through a 5;
step B6: the data recording module 54 records and displays the result of the spectral characteristic value to obtain the result of the spectral characteristic value of the monitoring signal in the riser 2, and uses the result of the spectral characteristic value as monitoring data.
And (3) drawing a curve of the spectral characteristic parameter changing along with time: and drawing a curve of the spectral characteristic parameter changing along with time through the basic data, the monitoring data and the change of the basic data and the monitoring data along with time.
And further, comparing the monitoring data with the basic data, determining whether the marine riser gas invasion occurs or not by using the spectral characteristic parameter kurtosis and skewness and the deviation degree of the basic data, and judging the marine riser gas invasion degree.
The invention is exemplified by a drilling fluid having a density of 1.33. When no gas cut occurs, the spectral kurtosis of the drilling fluid at that density is equal to zero, which is the normal kurtosis. When a small amount of gas invasion occurs and the gas content of the cross section is three percent, the peak degree of the point spectrum of the drilling fluid under the density is about one hundred and fifty; when the atmospheric invasion occurs and the gas content of the cross section reaches twenty percent, the peak degree of the point spectrum of the drilling fluid under the density is about six hundred.
And the curve analysis of the spectral characteristic parameters changing along with time is used for obtaining that the spectral characteristic change trends of the drilling fluids with different densities are the same, and the change values are different. When gas invasion does not occur, the result of performing spectral feature analysis on the acquired signal is consistent with the result of basic data; when a small amount of gas invasion occurs, the characteristic parameter value of the signal spectrum generates small fluctuation; when a large amount of gas intrusion occurs, the characteristic parameter values of the signal spectrum fluctuate greatly. And monitoring and identifying gas invasion and the gas invasion degree according to the fluctuation of the characteristic parameter value of the signal spectrum.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (3)
1. A marine riser gas cut monitoring method adopts a marine riser gas cut monitoring device based on a spectral feature analysis method, and comprises an underwater host (1), a marine riser (2), an underwater monitoring device (3), a ground host (4) and a data analyzer (5),
the underwater host (1) and the underwater monitoring device (3) are arranged on the outer pipe wall at the lower part of the marine riser (2), the ground host (4) is arranged above the water surface, the underwater host (1) and the ground host (4) are connected through a data line, and the underwater host (1) and the underwater monitoring device (3) are connected through a data line;
the underwater monitoring device (3) comprises a transmitting probe (31) and a receiving probe (32), the transmitting probe (31) and the receiving probe (32) are arranged on the outer side of the bottom pipe wall of the marine riser (2) side by side, and the transmitting probe (31) and the receiving probe (32) are connected with the underwater host (1) through data lines;
the data analyzer (5) further comprises a signal receiving module (51), a signal conversion module (52), a signal processing module (53) and a data recording module (54), wherein the signal receiving module (51), the signal conversion module (52), the signal processing module (53) and the data recording module (54) are all connected with the ground host (4) through data lines;
the method for monitoring the gas invasion of the marine riser is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring basic data, comprising the following steps:
step A1: under the condition of no gas invasion, the receiving probe (32) acquires an ultrasonic signal in the marine riser (2) and sends an ultrasonic echo signal to the underwater host (1);
step A2: the underwater host (1) sends the ultrasonic echo signal to the ground host (4);
step A3: the ground host (4) sends the ultrasonic echo signal to the signal receiving module (51), and the signal receiving module (51) receives the ultrasonic echo signal and sends the ultrasonic echo signal to the signal conversion module (52) through the ground host (4);
step A4: the signal conversion module (52) converts the ultrasonic echo signal into a digital signal at a sampling frequency which is not less than 3 times of the ultrasonic frequency, and sends the digital signal to the signal processing module (53) through the ground host (4);
step A5: the signal processing module (53) analyzes the spectrum characteristic value of the digital signal to obtain the kurtosis and skewness parameters of a signal spectrum, and sends the obtained spectrum characteristic value result to the data recording module (54) through the ground host (4);
step A6: the data recording module (54) records and displays the spectrum characteristic value result to obtain a spectrum characteristic value result without gas invasion in the marine riser (2), and the spectrum characteristic value result is used as basic data;
acquiring monitoring data;
drawing a curve of the spectral characteristic parameter along with the change of time;
and comparing the monitoring data with the basic data, and determining whether the gas invasion of the marine riser occurs or not by using the spectral characteristic parameter kurtosis and skewness and the deviation degree of the basic data.
2. The method of riser gas migration monitoring of claim 1,
the acquisition of the monitoring data comprises the following steps:
step B1: under the monitoring condition, the receiving probe (32) acquires an ultrasonic signal in the marine riser (2) and sends an ultrasonic echo signal to the underwater host (1);
step B2: the underwater host (1) sends the ultrasonic echo signal to the ground host (4);
step B3: the ground host (4) sends the ultrasonic echo signal to the signal receiving module (51), and the signal receiving module (51) receives the ultrasonic echo signal and sends the ultrasonic echo signal to the signal conversion module (52) through the ground host (4);
step B4: the signal conversion module (52) converts the ultrasonic echo signal into a digital signal at a sampling frequency which is not less than 3 times of the ultrasonic frequency, and sends the digital signal to the signal processing module (53) through the ground host (4);
step B5: the signal processing module (53) analyzes the spectrum characteristic value of the digital signal to obtain the kurtosis and skewness parameters of a signal spectrum, and sends the obtained spectrum characteristic value result to the data recording module (54) through the ground host (4);
step B6: and the data recording module (54) records and displays the spectrum characteristic value result to obtain the spectrum characteristic value result of the monitoring signal in the marine riser (2), and the spectrum characteristic value result is used as monitoring data.
3. The method of riser gas migration monitoring of claim 1,
the transmitting probe (31) and the receiving probe (32) are both ultrasonic Doppler probes.
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