CN110141369B

CN110141369B - Incision protector suitable for small incision

Info

Publication number: CN110141369B
Application number: CN201910412707.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张琼; 胡越; 赵宇; 李文桔; 胡佳宁; 徐丰铭; 杜心怡; 朱旦华
Original assignee: Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Childrens Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
Current assignee: Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Childrens Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
Priority date: 2019-05-17
Filing date: 2019-05-17
Publication date: 2020-05-12
Anticipated expiration: 2039-05-17
Also published as: CN110141369A

Abstract

The invention discloses a cut protector suitable for small cuts, which has the technical scheme that the cut protector comprises a film sleeve for forming an operation channel, an outer ring arranged at the top of the film sleeve, and an embedding ring arranged at the bottom of the film sleeve, wherein a cavity is arranged in the embedding ring, a metal wire for opening the caliber of the embedding ring is arranged on the inner wall of the embedding ring, one end of the metal wire is provided with a mounting block, the mounting block is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the embedding ring, a through hole is arranged on the mounting block, the metal wire penetrates through the through hole, the mounting block is sleeved with the metal wire to form a movable annular ring, a containing cavity is arranged in the film sleeve, the containing cavity is communicated with the cavity of the embedding ring, the other end of the metal wire enters the outer ring through the containing cavity, a rolling component is arranged on the outer ring, one end of the metal wire, which extends into the outer ring, is connected, the invention has the advantages that the caliber of the placing ring can be conveniently adjusted, and the placing ring can be conveniently inserted into the incision and taken out.

Description

Incision protector suitable for small incision

Technical Field

The invention relates to an incision protector, in particular to an incision protector suitable for small incisions.

Background

In the case of a surgical laparotomy, when a surgeon opens a surgical site of a patient, the incision is closed due to contraction of tissues. In the past, after the skin of a patient is incised, a doctor would open the incision by using a metal retractor or a drag hook to expose the operation field, but the condition that the pull is excessive to tear the wound or the exposure angle is insufficient often happens. Various incision protectors have been developed for clinical use, usually as an outer ring, an insert ring and a sleeve-like membrane between them. At the present stage, the insertion ring of the incision protector is extended into the incision, the outer ring stays outside the body, so that the purpose of opening the incision is achieved, and a doctor can perform an operation on a patient in an operation channel formed by the sleeve-shaped film. However, the size of the implantation ring of the existing incision protector is fixed, the caliber of the implantation ring cannot be adjusted, in some small-incision operations, the implantation ring needs to be pressed to be contracted and then placed in the incision, and if the operation is not proper, the incision is easy to pull, so that the opening area of the incision is increased, and the time for healing the wound of a patient is prolonged; meanwhile, at the end of the small incision surgery, the implanted ring is difficult to deform, so that the implanted ring is difficult to take out.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the incision protector suitable for the small incision, which is convenient for adjusting the caliber of the implantation ring and facilitating the insertion ring to extend into the incision and take out.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an incision protector adapting to small incision comprises a thin film sleeve for forming an operation channel, an outer ring arranged at the top of the thin film sleeve, an imbedding ring arranged at the bottom of the thin film sleeve, a cavity is arranged in the imbedding ring, a metal wire used for opening the caliber of the imbedding ring is arranged in the cavity, one end of the metal wire is provided with a mounting block which is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the imbedding ring, the mounting block is provided with a through hole, the metal wire passes through the through hole, the mounting block is sleeved with a metal wire to form a movable annular ring, the film sleeve is internally provided with an accommodating cavity, the containing cavity is communicated with the cavity of the imbedding ring, the other end of the metal wire enters the outer ring through the containing cavity, the winding device is characterized in that a winding assembly is arranged on the outer ring, one end of the metal wire extending into the outer ring is connected to the winding assembly, and the winding assembly is used for adjusting the diameter of the annular ring.

As a further improvement of the invention, the winding assembly comprises a winding drum for winding the metal wire and a driving assembly for driving the winding drum to rotate, a groove with an opening at the upper end is arranged on one surface of the outer ring away from the embedding ring, the groove comprises a bottom plate facing away from the opening side and a first side plate close to one side of the accommodating cavity, the winding drum is rotatably arranged on the bottom plate, a through hole is arranged on the first side plate, one end of the metal wire away from the mounting block passes through the through hole and is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the winding drum, the driving assembly comprises a first toothed ring, a sleeve ring and a second toothed ring, the sleeve ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the outer ring, the groove comprises a second side plate close to one side of the sleeve ring, a through groove is arranged on the second side plate, the first toothed ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the winding drum, one side away from the accommodating cavity extends, and the first gear ring is meshed with the first gear ring extending from the through groove, when the lantern ring is rotated, the first gear ring is meshed with the second gear ring to rotate, the winding drum rotates, and the metal wire is wound on the winding drum.

As a further improvement of the invention, the winding assembly further comprises a locking mechanism for locking the winding drum, the locking mechanism comprises an inserting strip and a spring, a limiting hole extending in the radial direction is formed in the peripheral wall of the winding drum, the inserting strip is placed in the limiting hole, one end of the spring is connected to one surface, facing the winding drum, of the second side plate, the other end of the spring is connected to the inserting strip, and the spring keeps the inserting strip extending into the limiting hole.

As a further improvement of the invention, the invention is also provided with an unlocking mechanism for releasing the locking state of the winding drum, the unlocking mechanism comprises a pressing rod which is slidably arranged on the winding drum and a touch block which is arranged on the peripheral wall of the pressing rod, one surface of the winding drum, which is back to the bottom plate, is provided with a containing groove for containing the pressing rod, the pressing rod is slidably connected in the containing groove, a first chute which is communicated with the containing groove extends inwards from the limiting hole, one end of the inserted bar which extends into the winding drum is positioned in the first chute, the side surface of the end part, which corresponds to the sliding direction of the pressing rod, is provided with a first inclined surface for the touch block to touch, when the pressing rod drives the touch block to move along the first chute, the touch block pushes the inserted bar to move towards one side which is separated from the limiting hole along the first inclined surface, and the two sides of the end of the inserted bar which, the second inclined plane is used for contradicting with spacing downthehole wall, when pressing the depression bar to the bottom plate removal along the holding tank, the conflict piece removes along first spout, when conflicting with first inclined plane until the conflict piece, the cutting removes to the second lateral plate, and the spring compression stretches out spacing hole until the second inclined plane, rotates the lantern ring, and first ring gear rotates with the meshing of second ring gear, and the reel rotates, and the second inclined plane is contradicted with spacing downthehole wall, and the spring continues the compression, and the cutting breaks away from spacing hole.

As a further improvement of the invention, a clamping groove is arranged on a section of the pressing rod extending out of the accommodating groove, a cam is rotatably arranged on one surface of the winding drum back to the bottom plate, the cam comprises a protruding part, and when the cam rotates, the protruding part is embedded into the clamping groove to lock the pressing rod.

As a further improvement of the invention, the second side plate is provided with baffle plates at two sides of the cutting slips in the direction of the rotation tangent of the cutting slips relative to the winding drum, and the baffle plates are used for keeping the cutting slips to move linearly.

As a further improvement of the invention, the outer wall of the outer ring is provided with a sliding block, the inner wall of the lantern ring is provided with a second sliding groove for the sliding block to move circumferentially, and the second sliding groove is connected with the sliding block in a sliding manner.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the metal wire is wound or unfolded through the winding component, so that the diameter of the annular ring can be adjusted, the caliber of the embedded ring is changed, and the application range of the incision protector is enlarged; compared with the prior art, the operation is simple, the implantation 2 with the reduced caliber is easier to place in or take out of the incision, and the operation difficulty is reduced; in the process of placing the implantation ring, the pulling of the implantation ring to the incision is greatly reduced, and the safety of the operation is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an external view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an internal cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an inside view of the insert ring viewed from below;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is an internal cross-sectional view of the spool in an unlocked condition;

FIG. 6 is a top view of the spool extending out of the position-limiting hole at the second inclined plane.

Reference numerals: 1. an outer ring; 10. a groove; 111. a base plate; 101. a first side plate; 102. a second side plate; 1010. a through hole; 1020. a through groove; 12. a slider; 2. placing a ring; 20. a cavity; 21. mounting blocks; 210. a guide hole; 22. a metal wire; 23. an annular ring; 3. a thin film sleeve; 30. an accommodating chamber; 41. a reel; 410. a limiting hole; 411. accommodating grooves; 412. a first chute; 43. cutting; 431. a first inclined plane; 432. a second inclined plane; 44. a spring; 45. a collar; 450. a second chute; 46. a first ring gear; 47. a second ring gear; 5. a pressing lever; 51. a contact block; 50. a card slot; 6. a baffle plate; 7. a cam; 71. a protrusion.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. In which like parts are designated by like reference numerals.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the incision protector adapted to a small incision of this embodiment includes a thin film sleeve 3 for forming an operation channel, an outer ring 1 disposed on the top of the thin film sleeve 3, and an imbedding ring 2 disposed on the bottom of the thin film sleeve 3, wherein a cavity 20 is disposed in the imbedding ring 2, a metal wire 22 for expanding the aperture of the imbedding ring 2 is disposed in the cavity, a mounting block 21 is disposed at one end of the metal wire 22, the mounting block 21 is fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the imbedding ring 2, a guide hole 210 is disposed on the mounting block 21, the metal wire 22 passes through the guide hole 210, the mounting block 21 is sleeved with the metal wire 22 to form a movable annular ring 23, a receiving cavity 30 is disposed in the thin film sleeve 3, the receiving cavity 30 is communicated with the cavity 20 of the imbedding ring 2, and the other end of the metal wire 22 enters, the outer ring 1 is provided with a rolling component, one end of the metal wire 22 extending into the outer ring 1 is connected to the rolling component, and the rolling component is used for adjusting the diameter of the annular ring 23.

In this embodiment, the outer ring 1 and the inner ring are used for respectively expanding the upper and lower calibers of the film sleeve 3, the outer ring 1 has no elasticity, the film sleeve 3 is connected on the lower end face of the outer ring 1, the embedded ring 2 is made of an elastic and soft medical polymer material, the metal wire 22 is positioned in the embedded ring 2, the metal wire 22 is hard and smooth and has a memory elasticity function, an annular ring 23 capable of expanding the embedded ring 2 is formed under the state of not being subjected to external force, the calibre of the embedded ring 2 is determined by the diameter of the annular ring 23, when the calibre of the embedded ring 2 needs to be reduced, the end of the metal wire 22 which is not connected with the mounting block 21 is rolled in the rolling assembly through the rolling assembly, the length of the metal wire 22 positioned outside the rolling assembly is reduced, the diameter of the annular ring 23 is reduced, so that the calibre of the embedded ring 2 is reduced, at this time, after the ring 2 incision is placed, the metal wire 22 outside the winding assembly is increased in length again through the winding assembly, the annular ring 23 has an elastic memory function, the diameter of the annular ring 23 is increased again, the caliber of the placed ring 2 is increased, and at the moment, the placed ring 2 is not easy to slide out of the incision, and subsequent operation is not affected.

In the invention, the metal wire 22 is wound or unfolded through the winding component, so that the diameter of the annular ring 23 can be adjusted, the caliber of the embedded ring 2 is changed, and the application range of the incision protector is improved; compared with the prior art, the operation is simple, the placing ring 2 with the reduced caliber is easier to place into or take out of the incision, and the operation difficulty is reduced; in the process of placing the implantation ring 2, the pulling of the implantation ring 2 to the incision is greatly reduced, and the safety of the operation is improved.

As a modified specific embodiment, the winding assembly includes a winding drum 41 for winding the metal wire 22 and a driving assembly for driving the winding drum 41 to rotate, a face of the outer ring 1 away from the insertion ring 2 is provided with a groove 10 with an upper end opening, the groove 10 includes a bottom plate 111 facing away from the opening side and a first side plate 101 close to one side of the accommodating cavity 30, the winding drum 41 is rotatably disposed on the bottom plate 111, the first side plate 101 is provided with a through hole 1010, one end of the metal wire 22 away from the mounting block 21 passes through the through hole 1010 to be connected to the outer peripheral wall of the winding drum 41, the driving assembly includes a first toothed ring 46, a collar 45 and a second toothed ring 47, the collar 45 is sleeved on the outer wall of the outer ring 1, the groove 10 includes a second side plate 102 close to one side of the collar 45, the second side plate 102 is provided with a through groove 1020, the first toothed ring 46 is fixedly sleeved on the outer peripheral, and the side far away from the accommodating cavity 30 extends out of the through groove 1020, the second toothed ring 47 is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve and is meshed with the first toothed ring 46 extending out of the through groove 1020, when the lantern ring 45 is rotated, the first toothed ring 46 is meshed with the second toothed ring 47 to rotate, the winding drum 41 rotates, and the metal wire 22 is wound on the winding drum 41.

In this embodiment, the first toothed ring 46 is fixedly sleeved on one side of the winding drum 41 close to the bottom plate 111, one end of the metal wire 22 far away from the mounting block 21 is connected to the middle of the winding drum 41, and when the winding drum 41 needs to be rotated to wind the metal wire 22, the sleeve ring 45 is rotated, so that the second toothed ring 47 on the inner wall of the sleeve ring 45 is meshed with the first toothed ring 46 on the winding drum 41 to rotate, the winding drum 41 rotates, and the metal wire 22 is wound on the winding drum 41. According to the invention, the metal wire 22 can be wound by rotating the lantern ring 45, the structure is simple, the operation is convenient, the lantern ring 45 is sleeved on the outer ring 1, the size is small, and compared with a handle, the metal wire winding device is not easy to touch accidentally.

As an improved specific embodiment, the winding assembly further includes a locking mechanism for locking the winding drum 41, the locking mechanism includes a slip 43 and a spring 44, a radially extending limiting hole 410 is provided on an outer circumferential wall of the winding drum 41, the slip 43 is placed in the limiting hole 410, one end of the spring 44 is connected to a surface of the second side plate 102 facing the winding drum 41, the other end of the spring is connected to the slip 43, and the spring 44 keeps the slip 43 extending into the limiting hole 410.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the insertion strip 43 is placed in the position-limiting hole 410, and the first spring 44 is disposed, so that the insertion strip 43 is kept moving towards the position-limiting hole 410, and the winding drum 41 is locked and cannot rotate freely.

As an improved specific embodiment, the locking device is further provided with an unlocking mechanism for unlocking the locked state of the winding drum 41, the unlocking mechanism includes a pressing rod 5 slidably disposed inside the winding drum 41 and a contact block 51 disposed on the peripheral wall of the pressing rod 5, one surface of the winding drum 41 facing away from the bottom plate 111 is provided with an accommodating groove 411 for accommodating the pressing rod 5, the pressing rod 5 is slidably connected in the accommodating groove 411, a first sliding groove 412 penetrating through the accommodating groove 411 is inwardly extended from the limiting hole 410, one end of the insertion strip 43 extending into the winding drum 41 is disposed in the first sliding groove 412, and a first inclined plane 431 for abutting against the contact block 51 is disposed on the side surface of the pressing rod 5 in the sliding direction, when the pressing rod 5 drives the contact block 51 to move along the first sliding groove 412, the contact block 51 pushes the insertion strip 43 to move away from the limiting hole 410 along the first inclined plane 431, and second inclined planes are disposed on two sides of one end of the insertion strip 43 extending into the limiting hole 410 in the tangential direction of the rotation of the winding drum 432, the second inclined plane 432 is used for abutting against the inner wall of the limiting hole 410, when the pressing rod 5 moves towards the bottom plate 111 along the accommodating groove 411, the abutting block 51 moves along the first sliding groove 412 until the abutting block 51 abuts against the first inclined plane 431, the cutting slip 43 moves towards the second side plate 102, the spring 44 is compressed until the second inclined plane 432 extends out of the limiting hole 410, the collar 45 is rotated, the first toothed ring 46 and the second toothed ring 47 are meshed for rotation, the winding drum 41 rotates, the second inclined plane 432 abuts against the inner wall of the limiting hole 410, the spring 44 continues to be compressed, and the cutting slip 43 is separated from the limiting hole 410.

In the present embodiment, in an initial state, the insertion bar 43 extends into the limiting block, and one end of the insertion bar 43 away from the second side plate 102 is located in the first sliding groove 412, the abutting block 51 is located on one side of the insertion bar 43 opposite to the bottom plate 111, when the locking state of the winding drum 41 needs to be released, by pressing the pressing rod 5, the pressing rod 5 and the abutting block 51 respectively move along the accommodating groove 411 and the first sliding groove 412, until the abutting block 51 moves to abut against the first inclined surface 431, the insertion bar 43 moves towards the second side plate 102 along the limiting hole 410, the spring 44 is compressed until the abutting block 51 is separated from the first inclined surface 431, and when the abutting block 51 abuts against the inner wall of the first sliding groove 412, at this time, the pressing rod 5 cannot continue to move downwards, under the elastic force of the spring 44, the abutting block 51 still abuts against the insertion bar 43, the second inclined surface 432 disposed on one end of the insertion bar 43 away from the second side plate 102 extends out of the limiting hole 410, the collar 45 is, the first gear ring 46 and the second gear ring 47 are meshed to rotate to drive the winding drum 41 to rotate, the second inclined surface 432 is abutted against the inner wall of the limiting hole 410, the spring 44 is compressed continuously, the cutting slip 43 is separated from the limiting hole 410, in the rotating process of the winding drum 41, due to the elastic force of the spring 44, the cutting slip 43 still has the moving trend of moving back to the second side plate 102, when the limiting hole 410 rotates to be positioned on one side of the cutting slip 43 along with the winding drum 41, the spring 44 is stretched again, the cutting slip 43 enters the limiting hole 410, at the moment, the lantern ring 45 is rotated continuously, the winding drum 41 rotates, the cutting slip is abutted against the inner wall of the limiting hole 410 through the second inclined surface 432, the spring 44 is compressed again, the cutting slip 43 is separated from the limiting hole 410 again, and the winding drum 41. After rotating for a plurality of circles, when the winding drum 41 needs to be locked again, the insertion strip 43 is aligned with the limiting hole 410 again, the spring 44 extends, the insertion strip 43 enters the limiting hole 410, and then the pressing rod 5 moves back to the direction of the accommodating groove 411, so that the contact block 51 on the pressing rod 5 is separated from the insertion strip 43, the spring 44 continues to extend, the insertion strip 43 moves towards the first sliding groove 412, until the insertion strip 43 again abuts against the inner wall of the first sliding groove 412, and the locking state is achieved.

According to the unlocking mechanism in the invention, the locking can be released only by manually pressing the pressing rod 5 towards the accommodating groove 411 by a user, the metal wire 22 can be wound on the winding drum 41 by rotating the sleeve while keeping the pressing rod 5 pressed, when the locking needs to be re-performed, the inserting strip 43 is aligned to the limiting hole 410 again, and the pressing rod 5 is moved back to the accommodating groove 411, so that the structure is simple, the operation is convenient, the unlocking mechanism is arranged in the inner ring, and the shielding of the surgical field of view is reduced.

As a modified embodiment, a section of the pressing rod 5 extending out of the receiving slot 411 is provided with a catch 50, a cam 7 is rotatably provided on a side of the winding drum 41 facing away from the base plate 111, the cam 7 includes a protrusion 71, and when the cam 7 rotates, the protrusion 71 is inserted into the catch 50 to lock the pressing rod 5.

In the embodiment, when the locking state is released by pressing the pressing rod 5, the second inclined surface 432 extends out of the limiting hole 410, the clamping groove 50 arranged on the pressing rod 5 and the cam 7 are positioned on the same plane, the cam 7 is rotated, so that the protruding part 71 is embedded into the clamping groove 50, the pressing rod 5 can be locked, and a user can rotate the lantern ring 45 by one hand to wind the metal wire 22 without pressing the pressing rod 5 at the same time, thereby improving the convenience of the invention.

As a modified specific embodiment, the second side plate 102 is provided with a baffle 6 at two sides of the cutting slip 43 in the direction tangential to the rotation of the drum 41, and the baffles 6 are used for keeping the cutting slip 43 to move linearly.

Through the technical scheme, the inserting bar 43 is located between the two baffles 6 and is abutted against the baffles 6, and through the arrangement of the baffles 6, when the inserting bar 43 is in the state of locking the winding drum 41, the situation that the winding drum 41 is easy to rotate due to the flexibility of the spring 44 is avoided, and the effect of locking the winding drum 41 by the locking inserting bar 43 is improved.

As a modified specific embodiment, the outer wall of the outer ring 1 is provided with a sliding block 12, the inner wall of the collar 45 is provided with a second sliding groove 450 for circumferential movement of the sliding block 12, and the second sliding groove 450 is slidably connected with the sliding block 12.

Through the above technical scheme, by providing the second sliding groove 450 and the sliding block 12, the lantern ring 45 can rotate relative to the outer ring 1, and the lantern ring 45 is not easily separated from the outer ring 1 when the first gear ring 46 and the second gear ring 47 are always in a meshed state.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An incision protector adapted for small incisions, comprising: comprises a thin film sleeve (3) for forming an operation channel, an outer ring (1) arranged at the top of the thin film sleeve (3), and an embedding ring (2) arranged at the bottom of the thin film sleeve (3), wherein a cavity (20) is arranged in the embedding ring (2), a metal wire (22) for opening the caliber of the embedding ring (2) is arranged in the cavity (20), one end of the metal wire (22) is provided with a mounting block (21), the mounting block (21) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the embedding ring (2), a guide hole (210) is arranged on the mounting block (21), the metal wire (22) passes through the guide hole (210), the mounting block (21) is sleeved with the metal wire (22) to form a movable annular ring (23), a containing cavity (30) is arranged in the thin film sleeve (3), and the containing cavity (30) and the cavity (20) of the embedding ring (2) are communicated with each other, the other end of the metal wire (22) enters the outer ring (1) through the accommodating cavity (30), a winding assembly is arranged on the outer ring (1), one end, extending into the outer ring (1), of the metal wire (22) is connected to the winding assembly, and the winding assembly is used for adjusting the diameter of the annular ring (23);

the winding assembly comprises a winding drum (41) used for winding a metal wire (22) and a driving assembly for driving the winding drum (41) to rotate, one face, far away from the embedded ring (2), of the outer ring (1) is provided with a groove (10) with an upper end opening, the groove (10) comprises a bottom plate (111) facing away from the opening side and a first side plate (101) close to one side of the accommodating cavity (30), the winding drum (41) is rotatably arranged on the bottom plate (111), a through hole (1010) is formed in the first side plate (101), one end, far away from the mounting block (21), of the metal wire (22) penetrates through the through hole (1010) to be connected to the outer peripheral wall of the winding drum (41), the driving assembly comprises a first toothed ring (46), a sleeve ring (45) and a second toothed ring (47), the sleeve ring (45) is sleeved on the outer wall of the outer ring (1), and the groove (10) comprises a second side plate (102) close to one side, be provided with logical groove (1020) on second curb plate (102), first ring gear (46) fixed cover is established on the periphery wall of reel (41), and the one side of keeping away from and holding chamber (30) stretches out from logical groove (1020), second ring gear (47) set up on set inside pipe wall, with the first ring gear (46) meshing that stretches out from leading to the groove, when rotating lantern ring (45), first ring gear (46) and second ring gear (47) meshing rotate, reel (41) rotate, and wire (22) rolling is on reel (41).

2. A small incision compliant incision protector as defined in claim 1, wherein: the winding assembly further comprises a locking mechanism for locking the winding drum (41), the locking mechanism comprises an inserting bar (43) and a spring (44), a limiting hole (410) extending in the radial direction is formed in the peripheral wall of the winding drum (41), the inserting bar (43) is placed in the limiting hole (410), one end of the spring (44) is connected to one face, facing the winding drum (41), of the second side plate (102), the other end of the spring is connected to the inserting bar (43), and the spring (44) keeps the inserting bar (43) to stretch into the limiting hole (410).

3. A small incision compliant incision protector as defined in claim 2, wherein: the locking mechanism is characterized by further comprising an unlocking mechanism used for releasing the locking state of the winding drum (41), the unlocking mechanism comprises a pressing rod (5) arranged on the winding drum (41) in a sliding mode and a contact block (51) arranged on the peripheral wall of the pressing rod (5), an accommodating groove (411) used for accommodating the pressing rod (5) is formed in one face, back to the bottom plate (111), of the winding drum (41), the pressing rod (5) is connected in the accommodating groove (411) in a sliding mode, a first sliding groove (412) communicated with the accommodating groove (411) extends inwards from the limiting hole (410), one end, extending into the winding drum (41), of the inserting strip (43) is located in the first sliding groove (412), a first inclined surface (431) used for abutting against the contact block (51) is arranged on the side face, corresponding to the sliding direction of the pressing rod (5), and when the pressing rod (5) drives the contact block (51) to move along the first sliding groove (412), the contact block (51) pushes the inserted bar (43) to move towards one side of the separation limiting hole (410) along the first inclined plane (431), the two sides of one end, extending into the limiting hole (410), of the inserted bar (43) in the direction of the rotation tangent of the winding drum (41) are provided with second inclined planes (432), the second inclined planes (432) are used for abutting against the inner wall of the limiting hole (410), when the pressing rod (5) moves towards the bottom plate (111) along the accommodating groove (411), the contact block (51) moves along the first sliding groove (412) until the contact block (51) abuts against the first inclined plane (431), the inserted bar (43) moves towards the second side plate (102), the spring (44) is compressed until the second inclined plane (432) extends out of the limiting hole (410), the lantern ring (45) is rotated, the first toothed ring (46) is meshed with the second toothed ring (47) to rotate, the winding drum (41) rotates, and the second inclined planes (432) abut against the inner wall of the limiting hole (410), the spring (44) continues to be compressed, and the inserting strip (43) is separated from the limiting hole (410).

4. A small incision compliant incision protector as defined in claim 3, wherein: one section that pressing rod (5) stretched out holding tank (411) is provided with draw-in groove (50), reel (41) rotate on the one side of bottom plate (111) dorsad and be provided with cam (7), cam (7) include protruding portion (71), rotate when cam (7), and protruding portion (71) embedding draw-in groove (50) lock pressing rod (5).

5. A small incision compliant incision protector as defined in claim 2, wherein: the second side plate (102) is provided with baffle plates (6) on two sides of the cutting slips (43) in the rotation tangent direction relative to the winding drum (41), and the baffle plates (6) are used for keeping the cutting slips (43) to move linearly.

6. A small incision compliant incision protector as defined in claim 1, wherein: the outer ring is characterized in that a sliding block (12) is arranged on the outer wall of the outer ring (1), a second sliding groove (450) for the sliding block (12) to move circumferentially is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve ring (45), and the second sliding groove (450) is connected with the sliding block (12) in a sliding mode.