CN110138842B - Microwave sintering real-time remote monitoring system based on MQTT protocol - Google Patents
Microwave sintering real-time remote monitoring system based on MQTT protocol Download PDFInfo
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- CN110138842B CN110138842B CN201910330530.5A CN201910330530A CN110138842B CN 110138842 B CN110138842 B CN 110138842B CN 201910330530 A CN201910330530 A CN 201910330530A CN 110138842 B CN110138842 B CN 110138842B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/048—Monitoring; Safety
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/02—Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]
- H04L67/025—Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP] for remote control or remote monitoring of applications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
- H04L67/125—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks involving control of end-device applications over a network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
- H04W4/38—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for collecting sensor information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/70—Services for machine-to-machine communication [M2M] or machine type communication [MTC]
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of internet communication, and provides a microwave sintering real-time remote monitoring system based on an MQTT protocol, which is suitable for remote state monitoring of advanced microwave sintering equipment; the system comprises a monitoring data acquisition sensor, an Internet of things gateway, an MQTT message server, a streaming sensor data processing platform and a monitoring client. The system can reliably transmit the monitoring data under the unreliable network environment so as to complete the real-time remote monitoring of the microwave sintering, reduces the bandwidth required by data transmission by using the MQTT protocol, reduces the time delay of data transmission, enhances the real-time performance of the microwave sintering remote monitoring system, and simultaneously discovers abnormal values in the monitoring data in real time by using a real-time data analysis method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of internet communication, in particular to a microwave sintering real-time remote monitoring system based on an MQTT protocol.
Background
Microwave sintering is a new type of material densification sintering process that uses microwave energy to heat a material to achieve sintering of the material. Due to its outstanding advantages in the field of ceramic material preparation and the incomparable advantages of the traditional sintering method, it is shown to be the most effective and competitive new generation sintering technology. The development of more automated and intelligent microwave sintering equipment is one of the problems in the field of ceramic material preparation. On one hand, for the existing microwave sintering experiment system, a local monitoring scheme is used, information such as temperature and power is displayed on a control console of a microwave sintering device, one microwave sintering experiment lasts for 2-4 hours, and an administrator needs to stay by equipment all the time in the process, so that the working efficiency of the administrator is reduced, and the risk of harm to the body due to microwave leakage exists; on the other hand, the microwave sintered data is stored locally in the equipment, needs to be exported for research, and is not favorable for access. Even if the device is not powered on or is occupied, the historical data cannot be accessed, which causes trouble to the normal work of the administrator.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a microwave sintering real-time remote monitoring system based on an MQTT protocol, which can reliably transmit monitoring data under an unreliable network environment so as to complete real-time remote monitoring of microwave sintering, reduces the bandwidth required by data transmission by using the MQTT protocol, reduces the time delay of data transmission, enhances the real-time performance of the microwave sintering remote monitoring system, and simultaneously discovers abnormal values in the monitoring data in real time by using a real-time data analysis method.
The invention aims to be realized by the following technical scheme.
The real-time remote monitoring system for microwave sintering based on the MQTT protocol is suitable for remote state monitoring of advanced microwave sintering equipment; the system comprises a monitoring data acquisition sensor, an Internet of things gateway, an MQTT message server, a streaming sensor data processing platform and a monitoring client; the monitoring data acquisition sensor is used for acquiring state information such as power and temperature in the microwave sintering process, and a digital potentiometer is used for realizing remote adjustment of sintering power; the Internet of things gateway is used for realizing the Internet of things access of the sensor, and sensor data are issued by using a mobile communication network through an MQTT client; the MQTT message server provides network service for publishing and subscribing MQTT messages and completes persistence of monitoring data; the streaming sensor data processing platform is used for detecting abnormal points in sensor data in real time and marking the abnormal data; the monitoring client is used for visually displaying the current running state of the microwave sintering equipment to a user and comprises an Android client and a webpage JavaScript client.
In the technical scheme, the monitoring data acquisition sensor is used for acquiring state information, such as power and temperature, in the microwave sintering process and remotely adjusting the sintering power; the temperature information acquisition uses an infrared thermometer, the position of the infrared thermometer is right above a sintering cavity observation window, the thermometer converts radiation power into an electric signal, the signal is subjected to analog output after the environmental temperature is compensated, and analog-to-digital conversion is carried out after the signal is captured by an analog input IO port of an Arduino microcontroller to obtain a digital signal value of the temperature; acquiring power information, acquiring cathode current of a microwave generator by using an ammeter, outputting a current value by using an RS485 bus, and accessing the current value into an Arduino microcontroller through RS485 to TTL (transistor-transistor logic), so as to finish reading of the current value; the power regulation uses a digital potentiometer to replace the original knob potentiometer, the function of controlling the power of the microwave generator by the Arduino microcontroller is realized, and the digital potentiometer adopts the model X9C 103S.
In the technical scheme, the gateway hardware of the Internet of things is composed of a Raspberry Pi Model 3B +, and the Raspberry Pi uses a USB interface to be in butt joint with the Arduino microcontroller to obtain sensor data sent by the Arduino microcontroller; an eclipse/page.mqtt.python library is used for realizing an MQTT client in a Raspberry Pi, and the publishing and the subscription of MQTT messages are completed; each microwave sintering device uses an Arduino microcontroller to communicate with a Raspberry Pi Internet of things gateway, the gateway is responsible for access control of nodes of the Internet of things, the Internet of things gateway stores a node access control table which comprises a node ID and verification results (unverified, access allowed, access forbidden and blacklist), when a node is accessed to the gateway for the first time, the verification result is unverified, when the node ID is verified by a management platform, the verification result is modified to be 'access allowed', if the node ID is verified by the management platform fails, the verification result is modified to be 'access forbidden', and if the node ID is blacklist, the verification result is modified to be 'blacklist'. For the 'forbidden access' and the 'black list', the gateway discards the data packet after receiving the data packet of the node.
In the technical scheme, the MQTT message server is composed of an EMQ (Internet resource request), the EMQ server is configured to close the secret login and open an emqx _ auth _ MySQL plug-in, and a table MQTT _ user in a MySQL database is used for user verification and a table MQTT _ acl is used for access control verification; the MQTT message adopts a JSON data exchange format; issuing monitoring data describing the state of the sintering device by using QoS0, and issuing power remote adjustment commands by using QoS 2; and subscribing all MQTT topics on the EMQ server by adopting a wildcard topic subscription scheme, and storing received messages to a MongoDB database in real time.
In the technical scheme, the Streaming sensor data processing platform uses a Spark Streaming big data processing framework, Spark Streaming acquires data from MQTT, the data is processed by using a Streaming K-means clustering algorithm in Mllib, and the processed data is pushed to a real-time instrument panel; the anomaly detection algorithm adopts a hierarchical clustering algorithm with a bottom-up strategy, each sample in a data set is firstly taken as an initial clustering cluster, then two clustering clusters with the shortest distance are combined, and the steps are repeated in such a way until the number of the clustering clusters with the preset number is reached, the Euclidean distance is used as a distance calculation mode in the scheme, and the preset number of the clustering clusters is 2.
In the technical scheme, the monitoring client is used for visually displaying the current operating state of the microwave sintering equipment to a user, the Android client realizes that the MQTT client subscribes MQTT information based on eclipse/paho.mqtt.java library in a Service component, and then sends monitoring data to the front end Layout through BroadCast to finish the visual display of the data; the JavaScript client side realizes that the MQTT client side subscribes MQTT information in a Web page through an eclipse/paho.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the remote online real-time monitoring of the microwave sintering is realized through the Internet of things. Therefore, the microwave sintering monitoring system adopting the MQTT-based microwave sintering monitoring scheme can reliably release the microwave sintering state under the condition of unreliable network, realize the real-time remote monitoring of microwave sintering, and ensure the access safety of the system through the dual authentication of gateway access authentication and server access control. The invention not only saves the time cost of an administrator, but also saves the waste of equipment resources caused by leading out data by stopping equipment, reduces the burden of a communication network by using an MQTT protocol, further improves the performance of the existing communication network, and in addition, discovers abnormal values in the monitored data in real time by using a real-time data analysis method, and avoids the loss caused by abnormal equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the Arduino microcontroller according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a working flow chart of the internet of things gateway Raspberry Pi in the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the microwave sintering real-time remote monitoring system based on the MQTT protocol includes a monitoring data acquisition sensor, an internet of things gateway, an MQTT message server, a streaming sensor data processing platform and a monitoring client, wherein the monitoring data acquisition sensor acquires an operating state of microwave sintering, the monitoring data is sent to the MQTT message server through the internet of things gateway, the streaming sensor data processing platform acquires and processes sensor data from the MQTT message server, and the monitoring client acquires and visually displays the monitoring data from the MQTT message server.
The process is specifically realized as follows:
after the microwave sintering process starts, an infrared thermometer collects temperature information, an ammeter collects cathode current information of a microwave generator, and then the cathode current information is sent to an Arduino microcontroller.
As shown in fig. 2, the Arduino microcontroller converts the sensor data, the conversion between the electrical signal and the specific value depends on the output specification of the sensor used, and the data is packed after the conversion is completed. The method comprises the steps that after the Arduino microcontroller is started, access verification of the gateway of the Internet of things starts, the Arduino firstly sends a device ID of the Arduino to a Raspberry Pi, the Raspberry Pi reports a node ID to an Internet of things server after receiving the ID, and the Internet of things server inquires access authority of the ID from a database according to a node ID list and returns a result to the Raspberry Pi. And if the ID verification result is 'access permission', receiving data sent by the subsequent Arduino, and if the ID verification result is 'access prohibition' or 'blacklist', performing packet loss processing on the data sent by the subsequent Arduino.
As shown in fig. 3, after the gateway Raspberry Pi of the internet of things is turned on, the MQTT client of the gateway Raspberry Pi is configured, where the parameters to be set include server IP, port number, user name, password, heartbeat time, and timeout time. And then, connection is initiated to the Internet of things server, a background theme subscription mechanism is established after the connection is successful, a microwave sintering equipment control command theme is subscribed, if a message is received on the theme, the message is forwarded to the Arduino controller of the corresponding ID, and the Arduino controller adjusts the resistance value of the X9C103S according to the value in the message so as to adjust the power of the microwave sintering equipment. After receiving the monitoring data of the Arduino device with the verification result of 'allowing access', the Raspberry Pi issues the monitoring data to the microwave sintering through the MQTT client, wherein the used message service quality is QoS 0.
After the Android client is started, firstly, an MQTT client program in Service is started, parameters including server IP, port numbers, user names, passwords, heartbeat time, timeout time and the like are configured, connection is initiated to the MQTT server, a microwave sintering monitoring data theme is subscribed in time after the connection is successful, after an MQTT message is received, the message is in a JSON format, the JSON format data is analyzed, the obtained temperature and power values are sent to the front-end Activity in a BroadCast mode, and after the front-end Activity receives the message, the current temperature and power values are displayed through a text box. When the power of the microwave sintering equipment needs to be adjusted, the power value is sent to Service through BroadCast, the Service packages the message into a JSON format after receiving the message and issues the JSON format to the control command theme of the microwave sintering equipment, and then real-time remote monitoring is achieved.
After a corresponding webpage is opened, the JavaScript script runs an MQTT client program, configures parameters including a server IP, a port number, a user name, a password, heartbeat time, timeout time and the like, initiates connection to the MQTT server, subscribes a microwave sintering monitoring data theme in time after the connection is successful, receives an MQTT message, analyzes the message in a JSON format, and then visually displays the obtained temperature and power information through an instrument panel and a dynamic broken line graph Web component to realize real-time remote monitoring.
The Spark Streaming acquires real-time monitoring data of the microwave sintering equipment by subscribing to a microwave sintering monitoring data theme of MQTT, then performs clustering calculation on sensor data by using a hierarchical clustering algorithm in Spark Engine, and issues the obtained data knot which is judged to be abnormal to a microwave sintering abnormal data theme. And after receiving the message of the theme, the Android client sends a prompt to the user through the notification bar.
Details not described in the present specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, such that any modification, equivalent replacement or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The microwave sintering real-time remote monitoring system based on the MQTT protocol is characterized in that: the system comprises a monitoring data acquisition sensor, an Internet of things gateway, an MQTT message server, a streaming sensor data processing platform and a monitoring client; the monitoring data acquisition sensor is used for acquiring state information including power and temperature in the microwave sintering process, and a digital potentiometer is used for realizing remote adjustment of sintering power; the Internet of things gateway is used for realizing the Internet of things access of the sensor, and sensor data are issued by using a mobile communication network through an MQTT client; the MQTT message server provides network service for publishing and subscribing MQTT messages and completes persistence of monitoring data; the streaming sensor data processing platform is used for detecting abnormal points in sensor data in real time and marking the abnormal data; the monitoring client is used for visually displaying the current running state of the microwave sintering equipment to a user and comprises an Android client and a webpage JavaScript client; the monitoring data acquisition sensor comprises an infrared thermometer and an ammeter, the infrared thermometer is used for acquiring temperature information, the infrared thermometer is positioned right above an observation window of the sintering cavity, the infrared thermometer converts radiation power into an electric signal, the signal is subjected to analog output after the environmental temperature is compensated, and an analog input IO port of the Arduino microcontroller is used for capturing the signal and then performing analog-to-digital conversion to obtain a digital signal value of the temperature; acquiring power information, acquiring cathode current of a microwave generator by using an ammeter, outputting a current value by using an RS485 bus, and accessing the current value into an Arduino microcontroller through RS485 to TTL (transistor-transistor logic), so as to finish reading of the current value; the function of controlling the power of a microwave generator by an Arduino microcontroller is realized by using a digital potentiometer, wherein the digital potentiometer adopts X9C 103S; the Streaming sensor data processing platform uses a Spark Streaming big data processing framework, Spark Streaming acquires data from MQTT, the data is processed by using a Streaming K-means clustering algorithm in Mllib, and the processed data is pushed to a real-time instrument panel; the anomaly detection algorithm adopts a hierarchical clustering algorithm of a bottom-up strategy, and firstly, each sample in a data set is regarded as an initial cluster, then two clusters with the shortest distance are combined, and the steps are repeated until the number of clusters with the preset number is reached.
2. The MQTT protocol-based microwave sintering real-time remote monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the MQTT protocol-based microwave sintering real-time remote monitoring system comprises: the gateway hardware of the Internet of things is composed of a Raspberry Pi Model 3B +, the Raspberry Pi uses a USB interface to butt the Arduino microcontroller to acquire sensor data sent by the Arduino microcontroller; an eclipse/page.mqtt.python library is used for realizing an MQTT client in a Raspberry Pi, and the publishing and the subscription of MQTT messages are completed; each microwave sintering device uses an Arduino microcontroller to communicate with a Raspberry Pi Internet of things gateway, the gateway is responsible for access control of nodes of the Internet of things, the Internet of things gateway stores a node access control table which comprises a node ID and a verification result, when the node is accessed into the gateway for the first time, the verification result is not verified, when the node ID is verified by a management platform, the verification result is modified to allow access, if the node ID is verified by the management platform to fail, the verification result is modified to forbid access, if the node ID is blacklist, the verification result is modified to blacklist, and for the forbid access and blacklist, the gateway discards data packets after receiving the data packets of the node.
3. The MQTT protocol-based microwave sintering real-time remote monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the MQTT protocol-based microwave sintering real-time remote monitoring system comprises: the MQTT message server is composed of an EMQ (Internet resource request), the EMQ server is configured to close anonymous login and open an emqx _ auth _ MySQL plug-in, and a table MQTT _ user in a MySQL database is used for user verification and a table MQTT _ acl is used for access control verification; the MQTT message adopts a JSON data exchange format; issuing monitoring data describing the state of the sintering device by using QoS0, and issuing power remote adjustment commands by using QoS 2; and subscribing all MQTT topics on the EMQ server by adopting a wildcard topic subscription scheme, and storing the received messages to a MongoDB database in real time.
4. The MQTT protocol-based microwave sintering real-time remote monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the MQTT protocol-based microwave sintering real-time remote monitoring system comprises: the Android client subscribes MQTT information through an MQTT client based on eclipse/paho.mqtt.java library in a Service component, and then sends monitoring data to a front end Layout through BroadCast to finish visual display of the data; the JavaScript client side realizes that the MQTT client side subscribes MQTT information in a Web page through an eclipse/paho.
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| CN112671697B (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2022-03-18 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Data processing method, device and system of comprehensive monitoring system |
| CN110908308A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-03-24 | 伟创力电子技术(苏州)有限公司 | State viewing device and method for electromechanical equipment |
| CN111245661A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-06-05 | 山西博华科技有限公司 | Big data acquisition processing system of thing networking based on MQTT |
| CN112087499A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-12-15 | 武汉普利商用机器有限公司 | Internet of things cloud management method and system |
| CN113114760A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-13 | 浙江大学 | Construction method of remote Internet of things platform based on heterogeneous equipment |
| CN113596104B (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2022-10-28 | 武汉理工大学 | Data transmission method and device for mobile robot and cloud server |
| CN114167820A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-03-11 | 广东亿迅科技有限公司 | Internet of things terminal rapid debugging and testing system and method |
| CN114501186B (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2023-10-03 | 瀚云科技有限公司 | Data acquisition system, method, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN117236657A (en) * | 2023-11-14 | 2023-12-15 | 山东辰智电子科技有限公司 | Urban water supply area dynamic division control system and method based on real-time water pressure |
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