CN110135134A - A kind of digital hologram Information hiding and processing method based on video - Google Patents
A kind of digital hologram Information hiding and processing method based on video Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
- G06F21/10—Protecting distributed programs or content, e.g. vending or licensing of copyrighted material ; Digital rights management [DRM]
- G06F21/16—Program or content traceability, e.g. by watermarking
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
- G06F21/60—Protecting data
- G06F21/602—Providing cryptographic facilities or services
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T1/00—General purpose image data processing
- G06T1/0021—Image watermarking
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS OR SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
- G10L19/018—Audio watermarking, i.e. embedding inaudible data in the audio signal
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of digital hologram Information hiding and processing method based on video, belong to information security field.In this method, the calculating of watermark information holography is realized first；Then the video frame of video is separated with audio, by the way that holographic watermark information is embedded in wavelet conversion coefficient, wavelet coefficient containing holographic watermark is recycled to synthesize picture frame and audio image containing watermark, and by the frame image containing watermark information and audio synthetic video, or by video image and synthetic video containing watermarked audio.In addition to above-mentioned hidden method, processing method further includes extracting method.So not only realizing video frame using method provided by the invention and the mutual of audio being hidden；And realize and restore the function of complete watermark information using partial video frame relic, to realize the certification of video information；Greatly improve the safety of video information transmission and the reliability certification in information source.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to information security fields, and in particular to a kind of digital hologram Information hiding based on video and processing side
Method.
Background technique
The development of computer science and technology is not only greatly promoted the development of entire science and technology, but also obviously accelerates
The process of economic informationization and social informatization.Shadow video technique is grasped by ordinary people, however how to protect video display frequency
Safety and copyright protection have become and must solve the problems, such as today of information age, for example prevent in transmission route quilt on the way
It artificially attacks and introduces and pseudo- video is deceived based on criminal intent, this is also required to confirm video, and direct surveillance not only consumes
Take manpower, and it is difficult to ensure that the round-the-clock reliability of system.If illegal video signal is added in route, it can distinguish, it will be to use
Great convenience is brought at family, greatly improves the reliability of monitoring system.
File encryption is constantly subjected to the attention of people as the important measures of protection file data safety, along with network number
According to the continuous deterioration of security situation, people are also higher and higher for the encryption requirements of file.Video file is become estranged as data flow
The severely afflicated area of copyrights of data, always all in the signal for outwardly discharging strong craving data safety.In fact, just current
For video-encryption technology, versatility is merely solved using a kind of cipher mode and good encryption shows outdated.
In order to can guarantee cipher round results, 256 AES encryption deformation algorithms are used similar to video-encryption software as leopard is sniped,
Data encryption technology, while RING-0 layers of anti-pirate recordings technology of use frame by frame, effectively prevent pirate recordings behavior in video.But at present
Video Information Hiding Algorithms its hide amount very little, it is difficult to meet video development current demand.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of digital hologram Information hiding and processing method based on video, to solve
Foregoing problems existing in the prior art.
To achieve the goals above, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
Firstly, the present invention provides a kind of digital hologram information concealing method based on video, includes the following steps:
Watermark information is fabricated to watermark hologram using holographic technique is calculated by S101；
The video image frame of video is separated with audio, obtains video image frame and one-dimensional audio-frequency information by S102；
S103 carries out wavelet transformation decomposition to the video image frame, obtains wavelet conversion coefficient, and the watermark is holographic
In figure insertion wavelet conversion coefficient, the wavelet coefficient containing holographic watermark is obtained；
S104 synthesizes the video image frame containing holographic watermark using the wavelet coefficient containing holographic watermark, contains by described in
The video image frame of holographic watermark synthesizes video with watermarked information with the one-dimensional audio-frequency information.
In addition, the present invention provides a kind of digital hologram information concealing method based on video, includes the following steps:
Watermark information is fabricated to watermark hologram using holographic technique is calculated by S201；
The video image frame of video is separated with audio, obtains video image frame and one-dimensional audio-frequency information by S202；
The one-dimensional audio-frequency information is converted two-dimentional audio image by S203, carries out small echo to the two-dimentional audio image
Transformation is decomposed, and wavelet conversion coefficient is obtained, and the watermark hologram is embedded in wavelet conversion coefficient, is obtained containing holographic watermark
Wavelet coefficient；
S204 synthesizes the two-dimentional audio image containing holographic watermark using the wavelet coefficient containing holographic watermark, will contain complete
The two-dimentional audio image of breath watermark is converted into the one-dimensional audio containing holographic watermark, and the video image frame is contained holography with described
The one-dimensional audio of watermark synthesizes video with watermarked information.
Preferably, the watermark information includes image, audio and signature data；If watermark information is audio, the benefit
With calculating the step of watermark information is fabricated to watermark hologram by holographic technique including the use of audio transfer algorithm for audio-frequency information
It is converted into two-dimentional audio image and two-dimentional audio image is fabricated to watermark hologram；The audio transfer algorithm includes as follows
Step:
(1) one-dimensional digital audio and video signals are taken to the maximum value a of absolute value of amplitudem=max [abs (f (i))], i=1,2 ...
N, wherein f (i) is sonic wave amplitude, and N is that audio takes a number；
(2) one-dimensional audio signal is normalized, F (i)=f (i)/am, i=1,2 ... N；
(3) remove audio signal negative value G (i)=[F (i)+1.0]/2；
(4) one-dimensional audio signal is converted to the form of two-dimensional matrix using built-in function；
(5) audio signal of two-dimensional matrix form is stored as picture format M (x, y).
Preferably, in S203, two-dimentional audio image, institute are converted by the one-dimensional audio-frequency information using audio transfer algorithm
Audio transfer algorithm is stated to include the following steps:
(1) one-dimensional digital audio and video signals are taken to the maximum value a of absolute value of amplitudem=max [abs (f (i))], i=1,2 ...
N, wherein f (i) is sonic wave amplitude, and N is that audio takes a number；
(2) one-dimensional audio signal is normalized, F (i)=f (i)/am, i=1,2 ... N；
(3) remove audio signal negative value G (i)=[F (i)+1.0]/2；
(4) one-dimensional audio signal is converted to the form of two-dimensional matrix using built-in function；
(5) audio signal of two-dimensional matrix form is stored as picture format M (x, y)；
In S204, converted the two-dimentional audio image containing holographic watermark to containing holographic watermark using audio conversion inverse operation
One-dimensional audio, the audio conversion inverse operation include the following steps:
(1) it by the audio image of two-dimensional matrix form M ' (x, y), is converted using full subscript and single subscript transformation function
For one-dimensional audio signal f ' (i), i=1,2 ... N；
(2) one-dimensional audio signal f ' (i) is maximized a 'm=max [f ' (i)], i=1,2 ... N；
(3) one-dimensional audio signal is normalized according to following formula: F ' (i)=f ' (i)/a 'm, i=1,2 ... N；
(4) normalization audio signal G ' (i)=2F ' (i) -1.0 is reverted to according to following formula；
(5) audio signal f " (i)=a is reverted to according to following formulamG′(i)。
Preferably, wavelet transformation decomposition is done as follows:
(1) two-dimensional wavelet transformation is carried out according to following formula:
Wherein, x1And x2It is abscissa and ordinate respectively, a is scale factor, a > 0, b1And b2For shift factor, ψ is small
Wave basic function, f are image function；
(2) image to selected every color image frame as carrier and the color image as watermark carry out R, G, B points
Solution, obtains three gray level images of R, G, channel B；
(3) watermarking images in each channel obtain four width hologram I1, I2, I3 by fresnel diffraction and four-stepped switching policy
And I4, I4 and I2 are subtracted each other to obtain a width hologram AR(AG、AB), I3 and I1 are subtracted each other to obtain a width hologram BR(BG、BB), choosing
This two width hologram is taken to be used as image；
(4) three channel images of carrier image are done into level-one wavelet transform procedure respectively, obtain four detail coefficients
The hologram that each channel R, G, B obtains is embedded into orthogonal decomposition coefficient CV1 and diagonal decomposition by CA1, CH1, CV1 and CD1
In coefficient CD1, new detail coefficients are obtained, embedding formula is as follows
NewCV1 (i, j)=CV1 (i, j)+α A (i, j)
NewCD1 (i, j)=CD1 (i, j)+α B (i, j)
Wherein, newCV1 and newCD1 is the new vertical and diagonal coefficient after being embedded in watermark, and A and B represent insertion
Watermark information, α are the intensity of watermark insertion, and i, j are that the subscript of image slices vegetarian refreshments is numbered.
Still further aspect, the present invention provides a kind of digital hologram information processing method based on video, including walk as follows
It is rapid:
Watermark information is hidden into video by benefit with the aforedescribed process, obtains the video containing watermark information；
The video containing watermark information is separated, video image frame and one-dimensional sound with watermarked information is obtained
Frequently, video image frame and one-dimensional audio with watermarked information are obtained or；
Watermark hologram is extracted from video image frame with watermarked information or one-dimensional audio with watermarked information；
Watermark information is extracted from the watermark hologram.
Preferably, described to extract watermark from video image frame with watermarked information or one-dimensional audio with watermarked information
Hologram includes: to select video image frame with watermarked information and carry out wavelet transformation decomposition, wavelet conversion coefficient is obtained, by institute
It states wavelet conversion coefficient and does watermark insertion inverse transformation extraction watermark hologram.
Preferably, described to extract watermark from video image frame with watermarked information or one-dimensional audio with watermarked information
Hologram includes: that one-dimensional audio with watermarked information is converted to two dimensional image and carries out wavelet transformation decomposition, obtains small echo
Transformation coefficient does watermark insertion inverse transformation by the wavelet conversion coefficient and extracts watermark hologram.
Preferably, watermark information is extracted from the watermark hologram specifically: it is inverse to do holographic calculating to watermark hologram
Watermark information is extracted in transformation, if watermark is audio, the audio image that holographic calculation reverse transformation is obtained carries out audio conversion
Inverse transformation is to obtain one-dimensional audio watermark information.
Preferably, the inverse transformation of the audio conversion is done as follows:
(1) it by the audio image of two-dimensional matrix form M ' (x, y), is converted using full subscript and single subscript transformation function
For one-dimensional audio signal f ' (i), i=1,2 ... N；
(2) one-dimensional audio signal f ' (i) is maximized a 'm=max [f ' (i)], i=1,2 ... N；
(3) one-dimensional audio signal is normalized according to following formula: F ' (i)=f ' (i)/a 'm, i=1,2 ... N；
(4) normalization audio signal G ' (i)=2F ' (i) -1.0 is reverted to according to following formula；
(5) audio signal f " (i)=a is reverted to according to following formulamG′(i)。
The utility model has the advantages that video information is carried out video first by the present invention and audio-frequency information is divided, realize to video frame and sound
The holographic watermark information of frequency is embedded in, because the watermark of insertion is the insertion video in the form of hologram, has following important spy
Point and advantage: (1) hiding capacity is especially big, and embedded quantity can be more than the information content of carrier image or audio itself, can be with
It is embedded in video itself, (multidimensional, large capacity feature that holography is utilized)；(2) the mutual hidden of video frame and audio may be implemented
Hiding, i.e., in the video frame can concealing audio information (audio is embedded in video frame in the form of audio hologram), can also be in video
Video frame (being embedded in audio image in the form of hologram, be reconverted into one-dimensional sound) is embedded in audio-frequency unit (to have not yet to see
To embedding audio in the video frame, the report of embedding video frame in audio)；(3) video information containing digital watermarking has stronger Shandong
Stick, the function of complete watermark information can be restored (as being embedded in the complete of voice using appropriate partial video frame relic by realizing
Text picture hologram can restore function-realization integrated authentication of complete speech text using video image frame relic), it fills
Point be utilized holographic technique can not tearing to pieces property (part relic can carry entire watermark information)；(4) have very high secrecy special
Property, if not knowing, holographic production parameter is almost (holographic difficulty is utilized and cracks characteristic) of irrecoverable watermark information, is not present
The problem of method of exhaustion cracks realizes the certification of video information reliability of source, these information can sufficiently be shown and permit
The source of breath and its true and false；(5) as needed can embedment strength of the appropriate adjustment holographic watermark in wavelet coefficient, can satisfy
The audio visual effect requirement of video is not influenced.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is the method flow schematic diagram that holographic watermark figure is embedded in video image frame；
Fig. 2 is the flow diagram that holographic watermark figure is embedded in the audio of video；
Fig. 3 is the watermark extracting method flow diagram containing watermark in the video frame；
Fig. 4 is the watermark extracting method flow diagram in the audio of video containing watermark.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing, to the present invention into
Row is further described.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
The data encryption of optical holography and Information Hiding Techniques are to start the new of development that start to walk in the world in recent years
Generation Information Security Theory and technology can carry out in multiple freedom degree spaces, have multidimensional, large capacity, high design freedom,
High robust, difficult lancinating, natural concurrency such as are difficult to crack at many advantages.However this smooth holographic technique not yet by with
In the copyright protection and Information hiding of video display frequency, if watermark holographic technique is applied in the Information hiding of video, letter is hidden
Breath amount can be substantially larger than video carrier information itself (holographic technique is famous with its huge storage capacity).Therefore the present invention proposes
Video hologram Information Hiding Algorithms will be applied to the Information hiding of video with high robust, difficult lancinating holographic technique
(have not yet to see similar algorithm report), may be implemented embedded images or audio in the form of hologram in the video frame, or
The hologram of embedded images in audio, it might even be possible to complete video information (including video image and audio) is embedded in, to video
It can also realize the function that complete watermark information is recovered using video frame relic (parts of images of a frame), this can be such that video has
The hiding amount of information and the robustness of video are greatly improved, the safety and information for greatly reinforcing video information transmission come
The accuracy and integrity validation in source, effectively prevent video to distort problem, realize the safe transmission of video information and having for copyright
Effect protection, has irreplaceable application prospect.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of digital hologram information concealing method based on video, including walk as follows
It is rapid:
Watermark information is fabricated to watermark hologram using holographic technique is calculated by S101；
The video image frame of video is separated with audio, obtains video image frame and one-dimensional audio-frequency information by S102；
S103 carries out wavelet transformation decomposition to the video image frame, obtains wavelet conversion coefficient, and the watermark is holographic
In figure insertion wavelet conversion coefficient, the wavelet coefficient containing holographic watermark is obtained；
S104 synthesizes the video image frame containing holographic watermark using the wavelet coefficient containing holographic watermark, contains by described in
The video image frame of holographic watermark synthesizes video with watermarked information with the one-dimensional audio-frequency information.
In addition, as shown in Fig. 2, the present invention also provides a kind of digital hologram information concealing method based on video, including
Following steps:
Watermark information is fabricated to watermark hologram using holographic technique is calculated by S201；
The video image frame of video is separated with audio, obtains video image frame and one-dimensional audio-frequency information by S202；
The one-dimensional audio-frequency information is converted two-dimentional audio image by S203, carries out small echo to the two-dimentional audio image
Transformation is decomposed, and wavelet conversion coefficient is obtained, and the watermark hologram is embedded in wavelet conversion coefficient, is obtained containing holographic watermark
Wavelet coefficient；
S204 synthesizes the two-dimentional audio image containing holographic watermark using the wavelet coefficient containing holographic watermark, will contain complete
The two-dimentional audio image of breath watermark is converted into the one-dimensional audio containing holographic watermark, and the video image frame is contained holography with described
The one-dimensional audio of watermark synthesizes video with watermarked information.
In the embodiment of the invention, it is primarily based on and calculates holographic technique for watermark information (image, signature etc.), utilize phenanthrene
The calculating of watermark information holography is realized in the transformation of alunite ear diffraction integral, will using audio transfer algorithm if watermark is audio-frequency information
Audio-frequency information is changed into two-dimentional audio image, then is made as hologram；
Then, the video frame of video is separated with audio, it, will by doing wavelet transformation to video image frame therein
Holographic watermark information is embedded in wavelet conversion coefficient, recycles wavelet coefficient containing holographic watermark to synthesize frame containing watermarking images, to not
With frame all do same treatment, and by the frame image containing watermark information and audio synthetic video, embeddable into video frame, reality
The existing insertion of holographic watermark in the video frame；
The audio-frequency unit of video can also be embedded into the following method by the holographic watermark information of image (or audio)
(audio content corresponding to certain frame number is selected to be translated into audio image, the watermark hologram that will be made by watermarking images
Can be embedded into audio image with same embedding grammar, then convert one-dimensional audio for audio image), and by video image with contain
Watermarked audio synthetic video realizes insertion of the holographic watermark in audio-frequency unit.
Wherein, in S101 or S201, the watermark information includes image, audio and signature data.
It as will be understood by the skilled person in the art, can also include the watermark information of other likeness in form, it also can be using this
The method that invention provides is hidden watermark information.
It is described to be made watermark information using calculating holographic technique if watermark information is audio in the embodiment of the present invention
At converting two-dimentional audio image for audio-frequency information including the use of audio transfer algorithm the step of watermark hologram and will be two-dimentional
Audio image is fabricated to watermark hologram；The audio transfer algorithm includes the following steps:
(1) one-dimensional digital audio and video signals are taken to the maximum value a of absolute value of amplitudem=max [abs (f (i))], i=1,2 ...
N, wherein f (i) is sonic wave amplitude, and N is that audio takes a number；
(2) one-dimensional audio signal is normalized, F (i)=f (i)/am, i=1,2 ... N；
(3) remove audio signal negative value G (i)=[F (i)+1.0]/2；
(4) one-dimensional audio signal is converted to the form of two-dimensional matrix using built-in function；
(5) audio signal of two-dimensional matrix form is stored as picture format M (x, y).
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in S203, using audio transfer algorithm by the one-dimensional audio-frequency information
It is converted into two-dimentional audio image, the audio transfer algorithm includes the following steps:
(1) one-dimensional digital audio and video signals are taken to the maximum value a of absolute value of amplitudem=max [abs (f (i))], i=1,2 ...
N, wherein f (i) is sonic wave amplitude, and N is that audio takes a number；
(2) one-dimensional audio signal is normalized, F (i)=f (i)/am, i=1,2 ... N；
(3) remove audio signal negative value G (i)=[F (i)+1.0]/2；
(4) one-dimensional audio signal is converted to the form of two-dimensional matrix using built-in function；
(5) audio signal of two-dimensional matrix form is stored as picture format M (x, y)；
In S204, converted the two-dimentional audio image containing holographic watermark to containing holographic watermark using audio conversion inverse operation
One-dimensional audio, the audio conversion inverse operation include the following steps:
(1) it by the audio image of two-dimensional matrix form M ' (x, y), is converted using full subscript and single subscript transformation function
For one-dimensional audio signal f ' (i), i=1,2 ... N；
(2) one-dimensional audio signal f ' (i) is maximized a 'm=max [f ' (i)], i=1,2 ... N；
(3) one-dimensional audio signal is normalized according to following formula: F ' (i)=f ' (i)/a 'm, i=1,2 ... N；
(4) normalization audio signal G ' (i)=2F ' (i) -1.0 is reverted to according to following formula；
(5) audio signal f " (i)=a is reverted to according to following formulamG′(i)。
In the embodiment of the present invention, wavelet transformation decomposition is done as follows:
(1) two-dimensional wavelet transformation is carried out according to following formula:
Wherein, x1And x2It is abscissa and ordinate respectively, a is scale factor, a > 0, b1And b2For shift factor, ψ is small
Wave basic function, f are image function；
(2) image to selected every color image frame as carrier and the color image as watermark carry out R, G, B points
Solution, obtains three gray level images of R, G, channel B；
(3) watermarking images in each channel obtain four width hologram I1, I2, I3 by fresnel diffraction and four-stepped switching policy
And I4, I4 and I2 are subtracted each other to obtain a width hologram AR(AG、AB), I3 and I1 are subtracted each other to obtain a width hologram BR(BG、BB), choosing
This two width hologram is taken to be used as image；
(4) three channel images of carrier image are done into level-one wavelet transform procedure respectively, obtain four detail coefficients
The hologram that each channel R, G, B obtains is embedded into orthogonal decomposition coefficient CV1 and diagonal decomposition by CA1, CH1, CV1 and CD1
In coefficient CD1, new detail coefficients are obtained, embedding formula is as follows
NewCV1 (i, j)=CV1 (i, j)+α A (i, j)
NewCD1 (i, j)=CD1 (i, j)+α B (i, j)
Wherein, newCV1 and newCD1 is the new vertical and diagonal coefficient after being embedded in watermark, and A and B represent insertion
Watermark information, α are the intensity of watermark insertion, and i, j are that the subscript of image slices vegetarian refreshments is numbered.
As shown in Figure 3-4, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of digital hologram information processing method based on video, packet
Include following steps:
Watermark information is hidden into video using method described in embodiment one, obtains the video containing watermark information；
The video containing watermark information is separated, video image frame and one-dimensional sound with watermarked information is obtained
Frequently, video image frame and one-dimensional audio with watermarked information are obtained or；
Watermark hologram is extracted from video image frame with watermarked information or one-dimensional audio with watermarked information；
Watermark information is extracted from the watermark hologram.
As it can be seen that hiding the method for watermark information in addition to providing the image section and audio-frequency unit in video in the present invention
Outside, it additionally provides the method for the watermark information hidden using video extraction containing watermark: the video containing watermark and audio is carried out
Separate, obtain video image frame, holographic watermark information is extracted in the inverse transformation for carrying out holographic watermark insertion；If the audio-frequency unit of video
Equally first video and audio are separated containing watermark, obtain the audio-frequency information containing watermark, then does the inverse transformation proposition of watermark insertion
Watermark hologram, then holographic calculation reverse transformation is done by watermark hologram and extracts watermark information.To realize the certification of video information
[have using incomplete picture frame extract complete watermark information (the complete text picture of such as voice) function --- this is holographic
Can not tearing to pieces property], this method greatly improves the safety of video information transmission and the reliability certification in information source.
Wherein, from where watermark information video image frame or one-dimensional audio extraction watermark hologram may include: choosing
It selects video image frame with watermarked information and carries out wavelet transformation decomposition, obtain wavelet conversion coefficient, by the wavelet transformation system
Number does watermark insertion inverse transformation and extracts watermark hologram.
Watermark hologram is extracted from video image frame with watermarked information or one-dimensional audio with watermarked information includes:
One-dimensional audio with watermarked information is converted into two dimensional image and carries out wavelet transformation decomposition, obtains wavelet conversion coefficient, by
The wavelet conversion coefficient does watermark insertion inverse transformation and extracts watermark hologram.
Watermark information is extracted from the watermark hologram specifically: holographic calculation reverse transformation is done to watermark hologram and is extracted
Watermark information, if watermark is audio, the audio image that holographic calculation reverse transformation is obtained carry out the inverse transformation of audio conversion with
Obtain one-dimensional audio watermark information.
The inverse transformation of the audio conversion is done as follows:
(1) it by the audio image of two-dimensional matrix form M ' (x, y), is converted using full subscript and single subscript transformation function
For one-dimensional audio signal f ' (i), i=1,2 ... N；
(2) one-dimensional audio signal f ' (i) is maximized a 'm=max [f ' (i)], i=1,2 ... N；
(3) one-dimensional audio signal is normalized according to following formula: F ' (i)=f ' (i)/a 'm, i=1,2 ... N；
(4) normalization audio signal G ' (i)=2F ' (i) -1.0 is reverted to according to following formula；
(5) audio signal f " (i)=a is reverted to according to following formulamG′(i)。
Specific embodiment:
Method provided by the invention is described in more details according to the specific embodiment.
One, insertion (Information hiding) of the holographic watermark in video information
1, audio image is converted by audio-frequency information
Firstly, digital video information is read in, video file and audio file are divided, then extracted in video file
Video frame, by the audio-frequency unit of video convert the form of audio image using audio transfer algorithm or by the water of audio form
Official seal breath is converted to audio image (audio transfer algorithm may insure that negative amplitude information is not lost).Audio transfer algorithm is specific
Are as follows:
(1) one-dimensional digital audio and video signals are taken to the maximum value a of absolute value of amplitudem=max [abs (f (i))], i=1,2 ...
Wherein f (i) is sonic wave amplitude to N, and N is that audio takes a number；
(2) one-dimensional audio signal is normalized, F (i)=f (i)/am, i=1,2 ... N；
(3) remove audio signal negative value G (i)=[F (i)+1.0]/2；
(4) one-dimensional audio signal is converted to the form of 2 dimension matrixes using built-in function；
(5) audio signal of 2 dimension matrix forms is stored as picture format M (x, y), the processing by step (3) can be with
Ensure audio signal without negative value, it is ensured that the negative amplitude information of audio is not lost when being stored as picture format.
2, watermark information hologram is calculated
The object light distribution in plane of vision is calculated using the Fourier transformation of Fresnel integral, specifically:
If U0(x0,y0), U (x, y) is respectively the light wave complex amplitude of object plane and plane of vision, d be two interplanars away from
From.According to formula
The Fourier transform form of Fresnel Diffraction Integral can be written as
In formula,λ is optical wavelength, k=2 π/λ.
The main calculating that analysis above formula can be seen that above formula includes following two parts:
(1) function and index phase factor product are carried out using Fast Fourier Transform
Fourier transform calculate；
(2) before calculated result is multiplied by the sign of integration
Enabling object plane sampling width is L0, sampling number is N × N, i.e. sampling separation delta x0=Δ y0=L0/N
, formula (2) can be expressed as with Fast Fourier Transform FFT { }
Δ x=Δ y is corresponding airspace sampling interval after Fast Fourier Transform calculates in formula.
If Object light wave complex amplitude to be recorded is O (x, y), off-axis Plane reference light wave is R (x, y), i.e.,
Phase shift method be by the mobile reference mirror of phase shifter so that under same medium the light path of test light and reference light difference
It can become smaller as far as possible, also just there is certain change in the position of such interference fringe, allows the light of each of interference field point
Strength Changes be all in varies with cosine, then record the different interference pattern of several phases.Reference light and Object light wave are concerned with
Interference, the interference strength of each width interference pattern are distributed as
Wherein first two are constants, represent the zero-order image of reconstruction；Intermediate conjugation item indicates the conjugate image rebuild, only
Last is the preimage of reconstruction required for us, and r (x, y), o (x, y) are reference light and object light wave-amplitude.Reference light is drawn
Entering step-length is that 2 π/N phase shift then has
Wherein N, n are integer.Object light phase on CCD plate is reached as N >=3 to be acquired by following formula
Selecting n=4 then is four-stepped switching policy, and the complex amplitude for the exactly object light that four-stepped switching policy obtains, and eliminates weight
Build zero-order image and conjugate image as in.Four-step phase-shifting refers to through phase-shifter the phase for changing reference light, respectively come take 4 times not
With phase-shift value, usually 0, pi/2, π and 3 pi/2s, the intensity distribution for the four width figures recorded on CCD plate
In this way, we can clearly obtain original graph according to two algorithms of fresnel diffraction integration and four-stepped switching policy
The hologram of picture.
3, it is embedded in watermark information
Two-dimensional wavelet transformation is
Wherein set x1And x2It is abscissa and ordinate respectively, a is scale factor, and a > 0, b are shift factor, and ψ is wavelet basis
Function, f indicate image function.
The positive inverse transformation of small echo of its discrete form can be realized using two-dimentional continuous wavelet.
It is first video section and audio-frequency unit by Video segmentation, video section is selected to frame appropriate respectively, to each
Frame image (colour) does following operation
1) carrier image being used as to selected every color image frame and the color image as watermark carry out R, G, B points
Solution, obtains three gray level images of R, G, channel B；
2) watermarking images in each channel obtain four width hologram I1, I2, I3 by fresnel diffraction and four-stepped switching policy
And I4, I4 and I2 are subtracted each other to obtain a width hologram AR(AG、AB), I3 and I1 are subtracted each other to obtain a width hologram BR(BG、BB), choosing
This two width hologram is taken to be used as image；
3) three channel images of carrier image are done into level-one wavelet transform procedure respectively, four detail coefficients can be obtained
The hologram that each channel R, G, B obtains is embedded into orthogonal decomposition coefficient CV1 and diagonal decomposition by CA1, CH1, CV1 and CD1
In coefficient CD1, new detail coefficients are obtained, embedding formula is as follows
NewCV1 (i, j)=CV1 (i, j)+α A (i, j)
NewCD1 (i, j)=CD1 (i, j)+α B (i, j)
Wherein, newCV1 and newCD1 is the new vertical and diagonal coefficient after being embedded in watermark, and A and B represent insertion
Watermark information, α are the intensity of watermark insertion, and i, j are that the subscript of image slices vegetarian refreshments is numbered.Again with inverse wavelet transform come reconstruct image
Picture, the image after the insertion watermark in tri- channels available R, G, B, realizes that watermark information is embedding in video image frame
Enter, then video image and audio are synthetically formed containing watermark video；
4) to be embedded in holographic watermark in audio, then audio content corresponding to certain frame number is selected to be translated into sound
Watermark information image is calculated its hologram by frequency image, and hologram can be embedded in audio image using the formula in step 3),
It realizes insertion of the watermark holographic information in audio image, then will contain watermark audio image and be converted into one-dimensional sound, then will view
Frequency image with containing watermarked audio synthesize then video of the audio containing watermark.
Two, the extraction of holographic watermark information
It is video section and audio-frequency unit by Video segmentation with watermarked information, video section is extracted into each frame figure
Each frame image is done following processing and extracts watermark hologram by picture
1) it chooses carrying out R, G, B containing watermarking images and decomposing for colored carrier image and colour, obtains R, G, channel B
Three gray level images；
2) one layer of wavelet decomposition is done into three channels of initial carrier image respectively, obtains vertical detail coefficient CV1 and right
Angle detail coefficients CD1；
3) one layer of wavelet decomposition is done into three channels of the carrier image after insertion watermark respectively, obtains vertical detail coefficient
NewCV1 and diagonal detail coefficient newCD1；Do the inverse transformation being embedded in as follows
Wherein newCV1 and newCD1 is that the carrier image after being embedded in watermark obtain after one layer of wavelet decomposition
Vertical detail coefficient and diagonal detail coefficient, A and B are two holograms that we extract, and i, j are the subscript of image slices vegetarian refreshments
Number.
4) watermark hologram is extracted in the inverse transformation that telescopiny is done in tri- channels R, G, B, according to fresnel diffraction inverse transformation
Three channels of original watermark image are rebuild, a color image is then synthesized.
5) if video is that audio-frequency unit contains watermark, video, voice are separated first, then selected corresponding to certain frame number
One-dimensional audio content be translated into audio image, recycle step 3) formula can extract watermark hologram.
Three, audio and watermark information restore
The holographic watermark of each frame (or will be in audio) in video is extracted, then to holographic watermark do it is holographic calculate it is inverse
Watermark information is extracted in transformation, and the watermark that will be extracted if watermark is audio need to do the inverse transformation of audio conversion, by audio image
It is changed into one-dimensional audio-frequency information.If insertion is a video watermark, the audio frequency watermark of watermark and extraction that each frame is extracted
The recovery of video watermark information is then realized in synthesis.
Wherein, holographic calculation reverse transformation uses the inverse Fourier transform of Fresnel integral, specifically:
Corresponding with Fresnel Diffraction Integral transformation, there are the inverse transformations of diffraction.Had according to convolution theorem
It can be written as
It is easy to prove
Therefore, (5) can be written as
It is obvious that the expression formula and Fresel diffraction forward-propagating expression formula are completely similar.By quadratic phase in integration type
After factor expansion, the form that can be calculated using inverse Fourier transform can be expressed as
There is similar form in view of the inverse operation of diffraction and the expression formula of diffraction forward direction, meets the condition one of sampling theorem
It causes, it is generally the case that after establishing a program for calculating positive diffraction, as long as diffraction distance d is revised as-d, will input
The initial light wave fields of program is revised as reaching the light wave fields of plane of vision, and the inverse operation of diffraction just can be carried out using original program.
The inverse transformation of audio conversion specifically:
(1) by the digital audio image of 2 dimensions matrix form M ' (x, y), using full subscript and single subscript transformation function by its
The N that is converted into one-dimensional data f ' (i), i=1,2 ...；
(2) by one-dimensional digital audio and video signals f ' (i) maximum value a 'm=max [f ' (i)], i=1,2 ... N；
(3) one-dimensional audio signal is normalized, F ' (i)=f ' (i)/a 'm, i=1,2 ... N；
(4) normalization audio signal G ' (i)=2F ' (i) -1.0 is reverted to；
(5) audio signal f " (i)=a is reverted tomG′(i)。
Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarifying the description, and does not limit the embodiments.It is right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description it is other it is various forms of variation or
It changes.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And thus amplify out it is obvious variation or
It changes still within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of digital hologram information concealing method based on video, which comprises the steps of:
Watermark information is fabricated to watermark hologram using holographic technique is calculated by S101；
The video image frame of video is separated with audio, obtains video image frame and one-dimensional audio-frequency information by S102；
S103 carries out wavelet transformation decomposition to the video image frame, obtains wavelet conversion coefficient, and the watermark hologram is embedding
Enter in wavelet conversion coefficient, obtains the wavelet coefficient containing holographic watermark；
S104 synthesizes the video image frame containing holographic watermark using the wavelet coefficient containing holographic watermark, will be described containing holography
The video image frame of watermark synthesizes video with watermarked information with the one-dimensional audio-frequency information.
2. a kind of digital hologram information concealing method based on video, which comprises the steps of:
Watermark information is fabricated to watermark hologram using holographic technique is calculated by S201；
The video image frame of video is separated with audio, obtains video image frame and one-dimensional audio-frequency information by S202；
The one-dimensional audio-frequency information is converted two-dimentional audio image by S203, carries out wavelet transformation to the two-dimentional audio image
It decomposes, obtains wavelet conversion coefficient, the watermark hologram is embedded in wavelet conversion coefficient, the small echo containing holographic watermark is obtained
Coefficient；
S204 synthesizes the two-dimentional audio image containing holographic watermark using the wavelet coefficient containing holographic watermark, will contain holographic water
The two-dimentional audio image of print is converted into the one-dimensional audio containing holographic watermark, and the video image frame is contained holographic watermark with described
One-dimensional audio synthesize video with watermarked information.
3. the digital hologram information concealing method according to claim 1 or 2 based on video, which is characterized in that the water
Official seal breath includes image, audio and signature data；It is described to be believed watermark using calculating holographic technique if watermark information is audio
Breath the step of being fabricated to watermark hologram including the use of audio transfer algorithm by audio-frequency information be converted into two-dimentional audio image and
Two-dimentional audio image is fabricated to watermark hologram；The audio transfer algorithm includes the following steps:
(1) one-dimensional digital audio and video signals are taken to the maximum value a of absolute value of amplitudem=max [abs (f (i))], i=1,2 ... N,
Middle f (i) is sonic wave amplitude, and N is that audio takes a number；
(2) one-dimensional audio signal is normalized, F (i)=f (i)/am, i=1,2 ... N；
(3) remove audio signal negative value G (i)=[F (i)+1.0]/2；
(4) one-dimensional audio signal is converted to the form of two-dimensional matrix using built-in function；
(5) audio signal of two-dimensional matrix form is stored as picture format M (x, y).
4. the digital hologram information concealing method according to claim 2 based on video, which is characterized in that in S203, benefit
Two-dimentional audio image is converted by the one-dimensional audio-frequency information with audio transfer algorithm, the audio transfer algorithm includes following step
It is rapid:
(1) one-dimensional digital audio and video signals are taken to the maximum value a of absolute value of amplitudem=max [abs (f (i))], i=1,2 ... N,
Middle f (i) is sonic wave amplitude, and N is that audio takes a number；
(2) one-dimensional audio signal is normalized, F (i)=f (i)/am, i=1,2 ... N；
(3) remove audio signal negative value G (i)=[F (i)+1.0]/2；
(4) one-dimensional audio signal is converted to the form of two-dimensional matrix using built-in function；
(5) audio signal of two-dimensional matrix form is stored as picture format M (x, y)；
In S204, converted the two-dimentional audio image containing holographic watermark to containing the one-dimensional of holographic watermark using audio conversion inverse operation
Audio, the audio conversion inverse operation include the following steps:
(1) by the audio image of two-dimensional matrix form M ' (x, y), one is translated into using full subscript and single subscript transformation function
It ties up audio signal f ' (i), i=1,2 ... N；
(2) one-dimensional audio signal f ' (i) is maximized a 'm=max [f ' (i)], i=1,2 ... N；
(3) one-dimensional audio signal is normalized according to following formula: F ' (i)=f ' (i)/a 'm, i=1,2 ... N；
(4) normalization audio signal G ' (i)=2F ' (i) -1.0 is reverted to according to following formula；
(5) audio signal f " (i)=a is reverted to according to following formulamG′(i)。
5. the digital hologram information concealing method according to claim 1 or 2 based on video, which is characterized in that small echo becomes
Decomposition is changed to be done as follows:
(1) two-dimensional wavelet transformation is carried out according to following formula:
Wherein, x1And x2It is abscissa and ordinate respectively, a is scale factor, a > 0, b1And b2For shift factor, ψ is wavelet basis
Function, f are image function；
(2) image to selected every color image frame as carrier and the color image as watermark carry out R, G, B decomposition, obtain
To R, G, three gray level images of channel B；
(3) watermarking images in each channel by fresnel diffraction and four-stepped switching policy obtain four width hologram I1, I2, I3 and
I4 subtracts each other I4 and I2 to obtain a width hologram AR(AG、AB), I3 and I1 are subtracted each other to obtain a width hologram BR(BG、BB), it chooses
This two width hologram is used as image；
(4) three channel images of carrier image are done into level-one wavelet transform procedure respectively, obtain four detail coefficients CA1,
The hologram that each channel R, G, B obtains is embedded into orthogonal decomposition coefficient CV1 and diagonal decomposition coefficient by CH1, CV1 and CD1
In CD1, new detail coefficients are obtained, embedding formula is as follows
NewCV1 (i, j)=CV1 (i, j)+α A (i, j)
NewCD1 (i, j)=CD1 (i, j)+α B (i, j)
Wherein, newCV1 and newCD1 is the new vertical and diagonal coefficient after being embedded in watermark, and A and B represent the watermark of insertion
Information, α are the intensity of watermark insertion, and i, j are that the subscript of image slices vegetarian refreshments is numbered.
6. a kind of digital hologram information processing method based on video, which comprises the steps of:
Watermark information is hidden into video using described in any one of claim 1 to 55 described in any item methods, is obtained containing watermark information
Video；
The video containing watermark information is separated, video image frame with watermarked information and one-dimensional audio are obtained, or
Obtain video image frame and one-dimensional audio with watermarked information；
Watermark hologram is extracted from video image frame with watermarked information or one-dimensional audio with watermarked information；
Watermark information is extracted from the watermark hologram.
7. the digital hologram information processing method according to claim 6 based on video, which is characterized in that described from aqueous
It includes: that selection is with watermarked information that watermark hologram is extracted in the video image frame of official seal breath or one-dimensional audio with watermarked information
Video image frame and carry out wavelet transformation decomposition, obtain wavelet conversion coefficient, watermark insertion done by the wavelet conversion coefficient
Watermark hologram is extracted in inverse transformation.
8. the digital hologram information processing method according to claim 6 based on video, which is characterized in that described from aqueous
Official seal breath video image frame or one-dimensional audio with watermarked information in extract watermark hologram include: will be with watermarked information
One-dimensional audio is converted to two dimensional image and carries out wavelet transformation decomposition, obtains wavelet conversion coefficient, by the wavelet transformation system
Number does watermark insertion inverse transformation and extracts watermark hologram.
9. the digital hologram information processing method according to claim 6 based on video, which is characterized in that from the watermark
Watermark information is extracted in hologram specifically: holographic calculation reverse transformation is done to watermark hologram and extracts watermark information, if watermark is
The audio image that holographic calculation reverse transformation obtains then is carried out the inverse transformation of audio conversion and is believed with obtaining one-dimensional audio frequency watermark by audio
Breath.
10. the digital hologram information extracting method according to claim 9 based on video, which is characterized in that the audio
The inverse transformation of conversion is done as follows:
(1) by the audio image of two-dimensional matrix form M ' (x, y), one is translated into using full subscript and single subscript transformation function
It ties up audio signal f ' (i), i=1,2 ... N；
(2) one-dimensional audio signal f ' (i) is maximized a 'm=max [f ' (i)], i=1,2 ... N；
(3) one-dimensional audio signal is normalized according to following formula: F ' (i)=f ' (i)/a 'm, i=1,2 ... N；
(4) normalization audio signal G ' (i)=2F ' (i) -1.0 is reverted to according to following formula；
(5) audio signal f " (i)=a is reverted to according to following formulamG′(i)。
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