CN110100234A - The method generated for environmental resistance true random number - Google Patents
The method generated for environmental resistance true random number Download PDFInfo
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- CN110100234A CN110100234A CN201780081533.9A CN201780081533A CN110100234A CN 110100234 A CN110100234 A CN 110100234A CN 201780081533 A CN201780081533 A CN 201780081533A CN 110100234 A CN110100234 A CN 110100234A
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F7/00—Methods or arrangements for processing data by operating upon the order or content of the data handled
- G06F7/58—Random or pseudo-random number generators
- G06F7/588—Random number generators, i.e. based on natural stochastic processes
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Abstract
A kind of True Random Number Generator (TRNG) system, comprising: the first noise source is configurable to generate the first analogue noise signal；And second noise source, it is identical as the first noise source and be configurable to generate the second analogue noise signal.Analog comparator receives the first analogue noise signal and the second analogue noise signal as input, and based on the first analogue noise signal compared with the second analogue noise signal come output digit signals.Converting system receives digital signal and generates stream of random bits signal from digital signal.Output pin is coupled to receive stream of random bits signal from converting system.
Description
Cross reference to related applications.
This application claims entitled " the A METHOD FOR ENVIRONMENTAL submitted on December 30th, 2016
The U.S.Provisional Serial 62/ of the Merchan of RESISTANT TRUE RANDOM NUMBER GENERATION " et al.
440,763 priority, being published here for the U.S. Provisional Application are incorporated herein by reference on the whole at it.
Technical field
The present invention relates to random number generator (RNG), and relate more particularly to for realizing True Random Number Generator
(TRNG) system and method.
Background technique
The random number can be used in electronic device and calculate application in, and various aspects can be used in probability,
In statistics or numerical analysis.Sample application may include generation, emulation and the modeling of data encryption key, from large data sets
Random sample selection or game application.In more detailed example, emulation can be wireless channel simulation (for example, by random
Count the successive ignition for emulating circuit) and/or modeling electronic circuit or photonic system on white noise acoustic simulation.
Random number is created by random number generator.Logically there are two kinds of random number generators: True Random Number Generator
(TRNG) and pseudo-random number generator (PRNG).
PRNG is that given some " seed " will generate the algorithm of deterministic pseudo-random number sequence, and be also known as really
Qualitative random bit generator (DRBG).PRNG is using certainty processing (that is, being predictable in the case where the knowledge of given processing
) generation random number, to generate a series of outputs obtained from initial seed state.If the initial seed state be from very with
What machine number generator provided, then the initial seed state is optimal.Nowadays most of " random " the number sources used in systems
It constructs in software and is based on pseudo-random generator.
PRNG is more faster than TRNG in history, but because PRNG uses deterministic algorithm, PRNG cannot be given birth to
At true random number.Therefore, if seed be can be determined, can know supposedly random in deterministic fashion
Number.
Each TRNG requires the physical resource of entropy.In general entropy is the unordered measurement in physical system.In this specification
In, the measured characteristic that entropy refers to entropy source has how uncertain measurement.TRNG, which only can be, uses " entropy source " based on HW
True random number sequence that is constructing and can produce uncertainty.TRNG is normally used for " sowing " software PRNG, and also
It is known as uncertainty random bit generator (NRBG).TRNG physically uncertainty entropy source generate random number, the entropy
Source be such as by resistor, diode or other electronic devices generate white noise, radioactive particle decay between time or
Person is essentially random other signals source.
Such as creation random encryption key is mainly used for for hardware random number generator in field of data encryption
To be encrypted to data.They are for pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) --- are usually used in a computer to generate
The safer replacement of the software program of " random " number.PRNG generates sequence of values using deterministic algorithm.Although these
Pseudo-random sequence is tested by the statistical model for randomness, but by knowing algorithm and for the item to algorithm initialization
Part (referred to as " seed "), can predict to export.Because the sequence of the number generated by PRNG is predictable, so utilizing pseudorandom
The data of number encryption are potentially subject to by cryptanalysis.Hardware random number generator, which generates, is assumed to uncertain number sequence
Column, and therefore maximum safety is provided when being used for encryption data.
For various reasons, dedicated TRNG usually including phone and plate etc. movement or portable electronic device
Etc resource is constrained and/or the equipment of limited space on be disabled.For example, by such as radioactive decay etc
Physical treatment be merged into the controlled equipment of resource and/or such physical treatment be placed around monitoring equipment and not always
It is convenient or cost-effective.In addition, the monitoring equipment for certain physical treatments may tend to be large volume, this makes it
It is not suitable for the application of limited space.
For the controlled equipment of resource of no dedicated TRNG, it has been suggested that will such as RC oscillator, resistor, two poles
Several on piece components of the simulation input pin managed and be not connected with etc. are as the entropy source for being used for generating random number.These components
And use their mode during the generation of random number for the environment item of such as ambient temperature etc in existing proposal
Part is that (height) is sensitive.In fact this leads to the statistic bias depending on environment in random number generated, so that it
Be not suitable for encrypt purpose.
It is used to encrypt purpose needs for measurement devious extremely carefully to be disposed.One of maximum risk causes potential
Attacker may change temperature, such as equipment under fire is placed in refrigeration machine or refrigerator, so that the equipment no longer can
Generate good random number.In extreme circumstances, will to be all zero (or being all one) and intrinsic for these undesirable random numbers
Randomness and entropy close to 0.
The required TRNG that can be achieved in constrained in resource and limited space equipment, can be with right
The insensitive mode of the environmental aspect of equipment, by cost-effective and save in a manner of space-efficient and generate the random number of high quality.
Summary of the invention
According to one embodiment, a kind of True Random Number Generator (TRNG) system includes: the first noise source, is configured as
Generate the first analogue noise signal；And second noise source, it is identical as the first noise source and be configurable to generate the second mould
Quasi- noise signal.Analog comparator receives the first analogue noise signal and the second analogue noise signal as input, and exports
Digital signal based on the comparison to the first analogue noise signal and the second analogue noise signal.Converting system receives digital signal
And stream of random bits signal is generated according to digital signal.Output pin is coupled to receive stream of random bits signal from converting system.
According to another embodiment, a method of generating true random number, which comprises from the first noise source output the
One analogue noise signal；And the second analogue noise signal, the second noise source and the first noise source phase are exported from the second noise source
Together.Compare the first analogue noise signal and the second analogue noise signal using analog comparator.It exports and indicates from analog comparator
To the digital signal of the comparison of the first analogue noise signal and the second analogue noise signal.Digital signal is turned using converting system
It changes stream of random bits signal into, and exports stream of random bits signal.
According to yet another embodiment, a kind of TRNG system includes: the first noise source, is configurable to generate the first analogue noise
Signal；And second noise source, it is identical as the first noise source and be configurable to generate the second analogue noise signal.Difference is put
Big device receives the first analogue noise signal and the second analogue noise signal as input, and exports instruction the first analogue noise letter
The difference signal of difference number between the second analogue noise signal being amplified.Analog comparator receives the difference signal being amplified, will
Analog difference signal is compared with analog reference signal, and is exported based on the digital signal compared.Converting system receives number
Signal and according to digital signal generate stream of random bits signal.Output connection is coupled to receive stream of random bits letter from converting system
Number.
Detailed description of the invention.
Specific embodiment
For the purpose for promoting the understanding to the principle of the disclosure, now with reference to diagram in the accompanying drawings and in following institute
Embodiment described in the specification write.It should be understood that thus there is no limit the intentions of the scope of the present disclosure.It should further manage
Solving the disclosure includes any substitutions and modifications to illustrated embodiment and the ordinary skill including such as disclosure fields
The principle to the disclosure that personnel usually will recognize that further is applied.
Fig. 1 depicts the first embodiment that true random number generates (TRNG) system 12.As described in Fig. 1,
TRNG system 12 includes the first noise source 14, the second noise source 16, analog comparator 22 and converting system 24.12 quilt of TRNG system
Realize in the controlled equipment 10 of resource, the controlled equipment 10 of resource be such as mobile phone, tablet computer or its
The portable electronic device of its type.It can be in the controlled equipment of resource with hardware, software, firmware or their combination
Any suitable combination realize the component of TRNG system 12.
First noise source 14 and the second noise source 14 are respectively configured as exporting or generation the first noise signal and second is made an uproar
Acoustical signal.In one embodiment, the first noise source 14 and the second noise source 16 include not connected simulation pin.In this feelings
Under condition, noise signal is the instruction of the voltage at corresponding pin.As used herein, term " not connected " means to draw
Foot is not electrically connected to external source or external action.Therefore, the voltage theoretically at simulation pin should be 0V.However, all
As the ambient environmental conditions of temperature may add " noise " of such as thermal noise to the voltage present in pin.Influence is being simulated
The thermal noise of voltage at pin is random.The randomness is used as the entropy for generating true random number by system.
It is identical that pin 14,16, which is simulated, for the intentional and purpose of institute.Because each pin be substantially it is identical,
So they will equally be influenced by environmental deviation.Simulation pin can be integrated on circuit board.In the alternative embodiment,
Other components vulnerable to environmental deviation influence can be used to generate noise signal.It is, for example, possible to use resistor, diodes etc.
To provide noise signal.Preferably, the component for both the first noise source and the second noise source is identical.For example, such as
Fruit uses resistor or diode, then resistor or diode should specification having the same, and should be preferably from same
One manufacturer, the environment influence hence for component can be contemplated to be identical.
Noise signal can be amplified.In the embodiment in figure 1, the first noise source further comprises from the first simulation pin
14 receive first amplifier 18 of noise signal (i.e. voltage), and the second noise source further comprises from the second simulation pin 16
Receive the second amplifier 20 of noise signal.The amplifier of any suitable type can be used.In one embodiment, amplify
Device 18,20 includes the operational amplifier that wherein input is attached at together.Preferably, each amplifier gain having the same.It puts
Big noise signal makes higher sample rate be possible.
The noise signal being amplified is fed to analog comparator 22.In particular, the first noise signal is connected to simulation
First input of comparator 22, and the second noise signal is connected to the second input of analog comparator 22.Analog comparator
22 output be depend on it is bigger in which of voltage of each input and between high level and low value alternate digital signal.
Because two noise signals are all influenced by identical deviation (for example, temperature), which is offset.
Converting system 24 is fed by the digital signal that comparator 22 exports.Converting system 24 be configured as according to from than
Random number streams 30 are generated compared with the received digital signal of device 22.The output that random number streams 30 are fed into such as output pin connects
It connects, use random number streams 30 can for other systems and application.Converting system 24 includes for from digital signal
Generate any necessary component of random number streams, shift register, trigger, latch and counter etc..
In one embodiment, 10 measuring signals are corresponded to by the digital signal that comparator 22 exports.Converting system
24 can be configured as and extract certain positions from 10 signals with for generating random number streams 30.In one embodiment, turn
System 24 is changed to be configured as identifying the least significant bit of each digital measuring signal for random number streams.It can be seen such as in Fig. 1
To such, converting system 24 can be coupled to receive reference clock signal, and the reference clock signal can be used for logarithm
The reading of the position of word signal carries out timing.
Fig. 2 depicts another embodiment of TRNG system 12'.In this embodiment, TRNG system 12' includes the first noise
Source 14, the second noise source 16, difference amplifier 28 and analog comparator 22.Similar to first embodiment, 14 He of the first noise source
Second noise source 16 may include not connected simulation pin (or alternatively including other suitable components).By the first noise
The first noise signal and the second noise signal of source 14 and the output of the second noise source 16 are fed into the input of difference amplifier 28.
As known in the art, the output of difference amplifier 28 is proportional to the difference between the voltage of the input of amplifier
Amplified signal.Enlarged difference signal is fed into the first input of analog comparator 22.
In this embodiment, the second input of analog comparator 22 is coupled to receive reference voltage signal.In a reality
It applies in example, reference voltage is 0V.In the embodiment of fig. 2, reference voltage is provided as digital voltage by reference voltage source 32.Number
Reference voltage 32 is converted into analog voltage signal by digital-to-analogue (D/A) converter 34.The output of D/A converter 34 is fed into simulation
Second input of comparator 22.
Digital reference voltage source and the first noise source 14 and the second noise source 16 are in same equipment 10', thus they
It is influenced by identical environmental deviation.Similar to above, the output of analog comparator 22 is depended in the voltage of each input
Which it is bigger and between high level and low value alternate digital signal.Because two noise signals by identical deviation (for example,
Temperature) it influences, so deviation is offset.
Fig. 3 is the line chart of actual 10 measurement results generated by comparator 22.Referred in line chart by jagged line
Show measurement result.As it can be seen that, the numeral output of comparator still shows the deviation in sinusoidal form.It can benefit
The sine is removed with post-processing.Converting system can be configured as any suitable kind of realization such as Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)
The post-processing of class, to eliminate the deviation of the digital signal exported from comparator.
The output of converting system 24 in embodiment described above is random number streams or stream of random bits 30.Random number streams
30 can be fed into other systems to use in different applications.For example, TRNG system can be configured as random number
Stream 30 is supplied to encryption system 26.Random number streams can be used to generate encryption key, such as in the art in encryption system 26
As knowing.Encryption key can be used for data encryption and decryption, digital signature authentication, digital signature creation, message authentication,
Cipher key delivery and key encapsulation etc..
As indicated above such, the least significant bit of measuring signal can be used to generate stream of random bits.In the test phase
Between, thousands of times measurement is performed, and extract least significant bit from measuring signal to generate stream of random bits for test.Make
10,000,000 are tested with national standard and Institute for Research and Technology (NIST) statistical test external member.Stream of random bits generated passes through
These tests.
Although illustrating and describing the disclosure in detail in the drawings and the preceding description, attached drawing and description are answered
When be considered as it is illustrative and characteristically be not be restrictive.It should be understood that only having been presented for preferred embodiment
And want all changes, modifications and further application that protection is fallen into the spirit of the disclosure.
Claims (20)
1. a kind of True Random Number Generator (TRNG) system, comprising:
First noise source is configurable to generate the first analogue noise signal；
Second noise source, second noise source is identical as the first noise source, and the second noise source is configurable to generate the second simulation and makes an uproar
Acoustical signal；
Analog comparator receives the first analogue noise signal and the second analogue noise signal as input, and is based on first
Analogue noise signal carrys out output digit signals compared with the second analogue noise signal；
Converting system receives digital signal and generates stream of random bits signal from digital signal；And
Output connection is coupled to receive stream of random bits signal from converting system.
2. TRNG system according to claim 1, wherein the first noise source includes the first simulation input pin, and second
Noise source includes the second simulation input pin, and the first simulation input pin and the second simulation input pin are not connected.
3. TRNG system according to claim 2, wherein the first analogue noise signal and the second analogue noise signal difference
It is the voltage signal of the voltage at the voltage and the second simulation input pin indicated at the first simulation input pin.
4. TRNG system according to claim 3, wherein the first noise source further comprises the first noise signal of amplification
First amplifier, and
Wherein the second noise source further comprises amplifying the second amplifier of the second noise signal.
5. TRNG system according to claim 1, the wherein number of the pre-qualified quantity of each instruction in digital signal
Position, and
Wherein converting system is configured at least one position in each of the digital signal to generate stream of random bits.
6. TRNG system according to claim 5, wherein coming from least one described position in each of digital signal is
Least significant bit.
7. TRNG system according to claim 1, wherein the first noise source, the second noise source, analog comparator, conversion system
System and output connection are implemented in a mobile device.
8. a kind of method for generating true random number, which comprises
The first analogue noise signal is exported from the first noise source；
The second analogue noise signal is exported from the second noise source, the second noise source is identical as the first noise source；
Compare the first analogue noise signal and the second analogue noise signal using analog comparator；
From analog comparator output instruction to the digital signal of the comparison of the first analogue noise signal and the second analogue noise signal；
Stream of random bits signal is converted digital signals into using converting system；
Export stream of random bits signal.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, wherein the first noise source includes the first simulation input pin, and the second noise
Source includes the second simulation input pin, and the first simulation input pin and the second simulation input pin are not connected.
10. according to the method described in claim 9, wherein the first analogue noise signal and the second analogue noise signal refer respectively to
Show the voltage signal of the voltage at the voltage and the second simulation input pin at the first simulation input pin.
11. according to the method described in claim 10, wherein the first noise source further comprises the first amplifier, the first amplifier
Amplify the first noise signal and enlarged first noise signal is supplied to analog comparator, and
Wherein the second noise source further comprises the second amplifier, and the second amplifier amplifies the second noise signal and will be through amplifying
The second noise signal be supplied to analog comparator.
12. according to the method described in claim 8, the digit order number of the pre-qualified quantity of each instruction wherein in digital signal,
And
Wherein converting system is configured at least one position in each of the digital signal to generate stream of random bits.
13. according to the method for claim 12, wherein coming from least one described position in each of digital signal is most
Low order.
14. according to the method for claim 13, wherein the first noise source, the second noise source, analog comparator and conversion system
System is implemented in a mobile device.
15. according to the method described in claim 8, further comprising:
Stream of random bits is supplied to encryption system.
16. according to the method for claim 15, further comprising:
Encryption key is generated from stream of random bits.
17. a kind of True Random Number Generator (TRNG) system, comprising:
First noise source is configurable to generate the first analogue noise signal；
Second noise source, second noise source is identical as the first noise source, and the second noise source is configurable to generate the second simulation and makes an uproar
Acoustical signal；
Difference amplifier receives the first analogue noise signal and the second analogue noise signal as input, and exports instruction
The enlarged difference signal of difference between first analogue noise signal and the second analogue noise signal；
Analog comparator receives enlarged difference signal, analog difference signal is compared with analog reference signal, and base
In comparing output digit signals；
Converting system receives digital signal and generates stream of random bits signal from digital signal；And
Output connection is coupled to receive stream of random bits signal from converting system.
18. TRNG system according to claim 17, wherein the first noise source includes the first simulation input pin, and the
Two noise sources include the second simulation input pin, and the first simulation input pin and the second simulation input pin are not connected.
19. TRNG system according to claim 18, wherein the first analogue noise signal and the second analogue noise signal point
It is not the voltage signal of the voltage at the voltage and the second simulation input pin indicated at the first simulation input pin.
20. TRNG system according to claim 17, the wherein number of the pre-qualified quantity of each instruction in digital signal
Word bit, and
Wherein converting system is configured with the least significant bit of digital signal to generate stream of random bits.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201662440763P | 2016-12-30 | 2016-12-30 | |
| US62/440763 | 2016-12-30 | ||
| PCT/EP2017/084611 WO2018122240A1 (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2017-12-27 | Method for environmental resistant true random number generation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110100234A true CN110100234A (en) | 2019-08-06 |
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ID=60915539
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201780081533.9A Pending CN110100234A (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2017-12-27 | The method generated for environmental resistance true random number |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3563229A1 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20190097075A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN110100234A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2018122240A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110808728B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2023-10-20 | 天津津航计算技术研究所 | Random signal generation method based on high-speed dynamic comparator |
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- 2017-12-27 WO PCT/EP2017/084611 patent/WO2018122240A1/en unknown
- 2017-12-27 EP EP17823168.4A patent/EP3563229A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20190097075A (en) | 2019-08-20 |
| EP3563229A1 (en) | 2019-11-06 |
| WO2018122240A1 (en) | 2018-07-05 |
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