CN110098000B - Early warning composite material for fire detector and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
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- H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
- H01B7/282—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable
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Abstract
The invention provides an early warning composite material for a fire detector and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of fire detector production. The early warning composite material comprises a conductive core body and a waterproof layer wrapped outside the conductive core body, wherein the conductive core body is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of polythiophene, 1-2 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 10-15 parts of carbon black, 5-10 parts of nano copper powder, 3-5 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 5-7 parts of vinyl acetate, 2-4 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 0.8-1.2 parts of coupling agent, 1-2 parts of plasticizer and 1-2 parts of stabilizer, wherein the waterproof layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 10-15 parts of polyamide, 10-15 parts of acrylate and 5-10 parts of phenolic resin. The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, can effectively improve the detection and early warning speed of the early warning composite material, has high sensitivity, can also effectively improve the waterproof performance, has high safety, has excellent overall performance of the early warning composite material, and is suitable for popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fire detector production, in particular to an early warning composite material for a fire detector and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The fire detector is a device for detecting the scene and finding out the fire in the fire-fighting automatic fire alarm system. Fire detectors are the "sense organs" of the system and function to monitor the environment for the presence or absence of a fire. Once there is fire, the characteristic physical quantity of fire, such as temperature, smoke, gas and radiation intensity, etc. are converted into electric signals, and act immediately to send alarm signals to the fire alarm controller.
The most widely used fire detector at present is the smoke detector, which is a fire detector that responds to solid or liquid particles generated by combustion or pyrolysis. However, the smoke detector is mostly used in indoor environment, and can detect the fire only when a large amount of smoke is generated after the fire occurs for a period of time, and the alarm response time after the fire occurs is long, so that the fire cannot be detected in time when the fire occurs, the fire rapidly spreads, irrecoverable consequences are caused, and great troubles are brought to users.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the early warning composite material for the fire detector and the preparation method thereof, the defects of the prior art are overcome, the detection and early warning speed of the early warning composite material can be effectively improved, the sensitivity is high, the waterproof performance of the early warning composite material can be effectively improved, the safety is high, the overall performance of the early warning composite material is excellent, and the early warning composite material is suitable for popularization.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the early warning composite material for the fire detector comprises a conductive core body and a waterproof layer wrapped outside the conductive core body, wherein the conductive core body is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of polythiophene, 1-2 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 10-15 parts of carbon black, 5-10 parts of nano copper powder, 3-5 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 5-7 parts of vinyl acetate, 2-4 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 0.8-1.2 parts of coupling agent, 1-2 parts of plasticizer and 1-2 parts of stabilizer, wherein the waterproof layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 10-15 parts of polyamide, 10-15 parts of acrylate and 5-10 parts of phenolic resin.
Preferably, the early warning composite material comprises a conductive core body and a waterproof layer wrapped outside the conductive core body, wherein the conductive core body is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 22.5 parts of polythiophene, 1.5 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 12.5 parts of carbon black, 7.5 parts of nano copper powder, 4 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 6 parts of vinyl acetate, 3 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 1.0 part of coupling agent, 1.5 parts of plasticizer and 1.5 parts of stabilizer, wherein the waterproof layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 12.5 parts of polyamide, 12.5 parts of acrylic ester and 7.5 parts of phenolic resin.
Preferably, the coupling agent is prepared by mixing vinyl trimethoxy silane, 3-aminopropyl triethoxy silane and isopropyl triisostearate in a mass ratio of 1:1: 2.
Preferably, the plasticizer is one or more of dimethyl phthalate, phthalate and dioctyl sebacate.
Preferably, the stabilizer is one or more of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate and sodium silicate.
The preparation method of the early warning composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing polythiophene and nano titanium dioxide, adding the mixture into an autoclave, heating to the temperature of 300 ℃ and 320 ℃, keeping the temperature, mixing for 1-2h, adding a coupling agent, continuously mixing for 20-30min, introducing argon, boosting the pressure to 12-16MPa, maintaining the pressure, grafting for 40-50min, and recovering to normal pressure to obtain a modified material for later use;
(2) mixing carbon black and nano copper powder, adding the mixture into a reaction kettle, adding the prepared modified material, heating to 240-260 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 2-3h to obtain nano organic-inorganic heat-sensitive composite powder for later use;
(3) mixing polyvinyl chloride, vinyl acetate and ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, adding into the reaction kettle in the step (2), adding a plasticizer and a stabilizer, keeping the temperature, mixing for 1-2h, then injecting the mixture into a mold, and cooling and molding to obtain a conductive core for later use;
(4) mixing ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polyamide, acrylate and phenolic resin, adding the mixture into an internal mixer, heating to 125-150 ℃, keeping the temperature and mixing for 3-5h, pouring the mixture into an ultrasonic oscillator for oscillation and homogenization to obtain a waterproof layer for later use;
(5) and uniformly brushing the prepared waterproof layer on the surface of the conductive core body, placing the conductive core body in a vacuum drier, and curing and drying for 30-50min at the temperature of 80-100 ℃ to obtain the product.
Preferably, the rotation speed of the autoclave in the step (1) is adjusted to be 140r/min for 120-.
Preferably, the frequency of the ultrasonic oscillator in the step (4) is 20-30kHz, and the ultrasonic sound intensity is 2-3W/cm2The oscillation temperature is 100-120 ℃, and the ultrasonic time is 30-40 min.
The invention provides an early warning composite material for a fire detector and a preparation method thereof, and compared with the prior art, the early warning composite material has the advantages that:
(1) according to the invention, nano titanium dioxide is adopted, conductive polymer polythiophene is subjected to graft modification in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment, then is mixed with carbon black and nano copper powder to prepare nano organic-inorganic thermo-sensitive composite powder, and finally is mixed with polyvinyl chloride, vinyl acetate and ethylene propylene diene monomer to prepare the conductive core body, so that conductive particles of the polymer system can quickly approach each other to form a conductive wireless network chain when the external temperature rises, and the conductive wireless network chain is changed from an insulator to a conductor, so that the detection and early warning speed of the polymer system can be effectively improved, the sensitivity is high, and the safety is high;
(2) the waterproof layer is prepared by mixing the ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, the polyamide, the acrylate and the phenolic resin, and is coated on the surface of the conductive core body, so that the waterproof performance and the safety of the conductive core body are improved effectively while the temperature sensing of the conductive core body is not influenced.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the early warning composite material for the fire detector comprises a conductive core body and a waterproof layer wrapped outside the conductive core body, wherein the conductive core body is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of polythiophene, 1 part of nano titanium dioxide, 10 parts of carbon black, 5 parts of nano copper powder, 3 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 5 parts of vinyl acetate, 2 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 0.8 part of coupling agent, 1 part of plasticizer and 1 part of stabilizer, wherein the waterproof layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 10 parts of polyamide, 10 parts of acrylate and 5 parts of phenolic resin.
Wherein the coupling agent is prepared by mixing vinyl trimethoxy silane, 3-aminopropyl triethoxy silane and isopropyl triisostearate in a mass ratio of 1:1: 2; the plasticizer is one or more of dimethyl phthalate, phthalate and dioctyl sebacate; the stabilizer is one or more of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate and sodium silicate.
The preparation method of the early warning composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing polythiophene and nano titanium dioxide, adding the mixture into an autoclave, heating to the temperature of 300 ℃ and 320 ℃, keeping the temperature, mixing for 1-2h, adding a coupling agent, continuously mixing for 20-30min, introducing argon, boosting the pressure to 12-16MPa, maintaining the pressure, grafting for 40-50min, and recovering to normal pressure to obtain a modified material for later use;
(2) mixing carbon black and nano copper powder, adding the mixture into a reaction kettle, adding the prepared modified material, heating to 240-260 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 2-3h to obtain nano organic-inorganic heat-sensitive composite powder for later use;
(3) mixing polyvinyl chloride, vinyl acetate and ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, adding into the reaction kettle in the step (2), adding a plasticizer and a stabilizer, keeping the temperature, mixing for 1-2h, then injecting the mixture into a mold, and cooling and molding to obtain a conductive core for later use;
(4) mixing ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polyamide, acrylate and phenolic resin, adding the mixture into an internal mixer, heating to 125-150 ℃, keeping the temperature and mixing for 3-5h, pouring the mixture into an ultrasonic oscillator for oscillation and homogenization to obtain a waterproof layer for later use;
(5) and uniformly brushing the prepared waterproof layer on the surface of the conductive core body, placing the conductive core body in a vacuum drier, and curing and drying for 30-50min at the temperature of 80-100 ℃ to obtain the product.
Wherein, the rotation speed of the autoclave is adjusted to be 140r/min in the step (1), the rotation speed of the reaction kettle is adjusted to be 300r/min in the step (2), and the rotation speed of the internal mixer is adjusted to be 180r/min in the step (4); the frequency of the ultrasonic oscillator in the step (4) is 20-30kHz, and the ultrasonic sound intensity is 2-3W/cm2The oscillation temperature is 100-120 ℃, and the ultrasonic time is 30-40 min.
Example 2:
the early warning composite material for the fire detector comprises a conductive core body and a waterproof layer wrapped outside the conductive core body, wherein the conductive core body is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 22.5 parts of polythiophene, 1.5 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 12.5 parts of carbon black, 7.5 parts of nano copper powder, 4 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 6 parts of vinyl acetate, 3 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 1.0 part of coupling agent, 1.5 parts of plasticizer and 1.5 parts of stabilizer, wherein the waterproof layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 12.5 parts of polyamide, 12.5 parts of acrylic ester and 7.5 parts of phenolic resin.
Wherein the coupling agent is prepared by mixing vinyl trimethoxy silane, 3-aminopropyl triethoxy silane and isopropyl triisostearate in a mass ratio of 1:1: 2; the plasticizer is one or more of dimethyl phthalate, phthalate and dioctyl sebacate; the stabilizer is one or more of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate and sodium silicate.
The preparation method of the early warning composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing polythiophene and nano titanium dioxide, adding the mixture into an autoclave, heating to the temperature of 300 ℃ and 320 ℃, keeping the temperature, mixing for 1-2h, adding a coupling agent, continuously mixing for 20-30min, introducing argon, boosting the pressure to 12-16MPa, maintaining the pressure, grafting for 40-50min, and recovering to normal pressure to obtain a modified material for later use;
(2) mixing carbon black and nano copper powder, adding the mixture into a reaction kettle, adding the prepared modified material, heating to 240-260 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 2-3h to obtain nano organic-inorganic heat-sensitive composite powder for later use;
(3) mixing polyvinyl chloride, vinyl acetate and ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, adding into the reaction kettle in the step (2), adding a plasticizer and a stabilizer, keeping the temperature, mixing for 1-2h, then injecting the mixture into a mold, and cooling and molding to obtain a conductive core for later use;
(4) mixing ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polyamide, acrylate and phenolic resin, adding the mixture into an internal mixer, heating to 125-150 ℃, keeping the temperature and mixing for 3-5h, pouring the mixture into an ultrasonic oscillator for oscillation and homogenization to obtain a waterproof layer for later use;
(5) and uniformly brushing the prepared waterproof layer on the surface of the conductive core body, placing the conductive core body in a vacuum drier, and curing and drying for 30-50min at the temperature of 80-100 ℃ to obtain the product.
Wherein, the rotation speed of the autoclave is adjusted to be 140r/min in the step (1), the rotation speed of the reaction kettle is adjusted to be 300r/min in the step (2), and the rotation speed of the internal mixer is adjusted to be 180r/min in the step (4); the frequency of the ultrasonic oscillator in the step (4) is 20-30kHz, and the ultrasonic sound intensity is 2-3W/cm2The oscillation temperature is 100-120 ℃, and the ultrasonic time is 30-40 min.
Example 3:
the early warning composite material for the fire detector comprises a conductive core body and a waterproof layer wrapped outside the conductive core body, wherein the conductive core body is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of polythiophene, 2 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 15 parts of carbon black, 10 parts of nano copper powder, 5 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 7 parts of vinyl acetate, 4 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 1.2 parts of coupling agent, 2 parts of plasticizer and 2 parts of stabilizer, wherein the waterproof layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 15 parts of polyamide, 15 parts of acrylate and 10 parts of phenolic resin.
Wherein the coupling agent is prepared by mixing vinyl trimethoxy silane, 3-aminopropyl triethoxy silane and isopropyl triisostearate in a mass ratio of 1:1: 2; the plasticizer is one or more of dimethyl phthalate, phthalate and dioctyl sebacate; the stabilizer is one or more of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate and sodium silicate.
The preparation method of the early warning composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing polythiophene and nano titanium dioxide, adding the mixture into an autoclave, heating to the temperature of 300 ℃ and 320 ℃, keeping the temperature, mixing for 1-2h, adding a coupling agent, continuously mixing for 20-30min, introducing argon, boosting the pressure to 12-16MPa, maintaining the pressure, grafting for 40-50min, and recovering to normal pressure to obtain a modified material for later use;
(2) mixing carbon black and nano copper powder, adding the mixture into a reaction kettle, adding the prepared modified material, heating to 240-260 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 2-3h to obtain nano organic-inorganic heat-sensitive composite powder for later use;
(3) mixing polyvinyl chloride, vinyl acetate and ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, adding into the reaction kettle in the step (2), adding a plasticizer and a stabilizer, keeping the temperature, mixing for 1-2h, then injecting the mixture into a mold, and cooling and molding to obtain a conductive core for later use;
(4) mixing ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polyamide, acrylate and phenolic resin, adding the mixture into an internal mixer, heating to 125-150 ℃, keeping the temperature and mixing for 3-5h, pouring the mixture into an ultrasonic oscillator for oscillation and homogenization to obtain a waterproof layer for later use;
(5) and uniformly brushing the prepared waterproof layer on the surface of the conductive core body, placing the conductive core body in a vacuum drier, and curing and drying for 30-50min at the temperature of 80-100 ℃ to obtain the product.
Wherein, the rotation speed of the autoclave is adjusted to be 140r/min in the step (1), the rotation speed of the reaction kettle is adjusted to be 300r/min in the step (2), and the rotation speed of the internal mixer is adjusted to be 180r/min in the step (4); the frequency of the ultrasonic oscillator in the step (4) is 20-30kHz, and the ultrasonic sound intensity is 2-3W/cm2The oscillation temperature is 100-120 ℃, and the ultrasonic time is 30-40 min.
Example 4:
the sensitivity and the waterproof performance of the common early warning composite material on the market and the early warning composite materials obtained in the embodiments 1 to 3 are detected, the common early warning composite material on the market is set as a comparison group, the early warning composite materials prepared in the embodiments 1 to 3 are set as experiment groups 1 to 3, and the detection method comprises the following steps:
(1) the storage battery, the alarm lamp and the early warning composite material are connected in series through the conducting wires, the early warning composite material is heated by the heater, the heating temperature of the heater is changed, and the sensitivity of the early warning composite material is detected by judging whether the alarm lamp is on or not;
(2) pouring the early warning composite material into a bottle shape, placing 5g of drying agent in the early warning composite material after drying, covering a sealing cover, soaking the early warning composite material in water, standing for 30min, taking out the early warning composite material, taking out the drying agent, weighing and detecting the waterproof performance of the early warning composite material;
the results are shown in the following table:
as can be seen from the above table, the temperature required by the early warning composite material in the experimental group 2 is the lowest when the warning lamp is lighted, the temperature when the warning lamp is lighted is 35 ℃, and only the desiccant in the early warning composite material in the experimental group 2 is not increased in weight, so that the early warning composite material prepared in the embodiment 2 has the best sensitivity and waterproof performance.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The early warning composite material for the fire detector is characterized by comprising a conductive core body and a waterproof layer wrapped outside the conductive core body, wherein the conductive core body is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of polythiophene, 1-2 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 10-15 parts of carbon black, 5-10 parts of nano copper powder, 3-5 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 5-7 parts of vinyl acetate, 2-4 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 0.8-1.2 parts of coupling agent, 1-2 parts of plasticizer and 1-2 parts of stabilizer, wherein the waterproof layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 10-15 parts of polyamide, 10-15 parts of acrylate and 5-10 parts of phenolic resin.
2. The early warning composite material for the fire detector as claimed in claim 1, wherein the conductive core is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 22.5 parts of polythiophene, 1.5 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 12.5 parts of carbon black, 7.5 parts of nano copper powder, 4 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 6 parts of vinyl acetate, 3 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 1.0 part of coupling agent, 1.5 parts of plasticizer and 1.5 parts of stabilizer, wherein the waterproof layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 12.5 parts of polyamide, 12.5 parts of acrylic ester and 7.5 parts of phenolic resin.
3. The early warning composite material for the fire detector as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coupling agent is formed by mixing vinyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and isopropyl triisostearate in a mass ratio of 1:1: 2.
4. The warning composite for a fire detector as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plasticizer is one or more of dimethyl phthalate, phthalate ester and dioctyl sebacate.
5. The warning composite for a fire detector as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stabilizer is one or more of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate and sodium silicate.
6. A preparation method of an early warning composite material for a fire detector is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing polythiophene and nano titanium dioxide, adding the mixture into an autoclave, heating to the temperature of 300 ℃ and 320 ℃, keeping the temperature, mixing for 1-2h, adding a coupling agent, continuously mixing for 20-30min, introducing argon, boosting the pressure to 12-16MPa, maintaining the pressure, grafting for 40-50min, and recovering to normal pressure to obtain a modified material for later use;
(2) mixing carbon black and nano copper powder, adding the mixture into a reaction kettle, adding the prepared modified material, heating to 240-260 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 2-3h to obtain nano organic-inorganic heat-sensitive composite powder for later use;
(3) mixing polyvinyl chloride, vinyl acetate and ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, adding into the reaction kettle in the step (2), adding a plasticizer and a stabilizer, keeping the temperature, mixing for 1-2h, then injecting the mixture into a mold, and cooling and molding to obtain a conductive core for later use;
(4) mixing ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polyamide, acrylate and phenolic resin, adding the mixture into an internal mixer, heating to 125-150 ℃, keeping the temperature and mixing for 3-5h, pouring the mixture into an ultrasonic oscillator for oscillation and homogenization to obtain a waterproof layer for later use;
(5) and uniformly coating the prepared waterproof layer on the surface of the conductive core body, placing the conductive core body in a vacuum drier, and curing and drying for 30-50min at the temperature of 80-100 ℃ to obtain the product.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the step (1) is performed by adjusting the rotation speed of the autoclave to 140-.
8. The preparation method of the early warning composite material for the fire detector as claimed in claim 6, wherein the frequency of the ultrasonic oscillator in the step (4) is 20-30kHz, and the ultrasonic sound intensity is 2-3W/cm2The oscillation temperature is 100-120 ℃, and the ultrasonic time is 30-40 min.
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