CN110095809A - Optical fiber time-frequency electromagnetism and four component earthquake data acquisition device and method in well - Google Patents
Optical fiber time-frequency electromagnetism and four component earthquake data acquisition device and method in well Download PDFInfo
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- CN110095809A CN110095809A CN201910509304.3A CN201910509304A CN110095809A CN 110095809 A CN110095809 A CN 110095809A CN 201910509304 A CN201910509304 A CN 201910509304A CN 110095809 A CN110095809 A CN 110095809A
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/22—Transmitting seismic signals to recording or processing apparatus
- G01V1/226—Optoseismic systems
Abstract
The present invention discloses three-component optical fiber time-frequency electromagnetism and four component optical fiber seismic data acquisition devices and method in a kind of array well, applied to pit shaft field of geophysical exploration, for conventional downhole electromagnetic and earthquake data acquisition instrument cannot in high temperature well operation difficult problem, the present invention uses fibre-optic geophone resistant to high temperature in underground, fibre optic magnetic field sensor and electric field sensor of optic fibre, and there is no any electronic device and moving-coil type or piezoelectric type or acceleration formula or MEMS formula wave detectors in the optical fiber electromagnetism and fiber optic seismic data acquisition device of underground, the magnetic field sensor of line of induction ring type or fluxgate type, it can make in well of the invention under arrayed optical fiber time-frequency electromagnetism and four component optical fiber seismic data acquisition devices into production wells in all high temperature wells four component earthquake data in three-component time-frequency electromagnetism and well, this A variety of geophysical datas of available underground are invented, provide accurate data source abundant for the integrated interpretation of subsequent reservoir parameter and evaluation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pit shaft technical field of geophysical exploration, in particular to a kind of array-(ground is sharp for well
Hair-downhole receiving) three-component optical fiber time-frequency electromagnetism and four component optical fiber seismic data acquisitions.
Background technique
Geophysical exploration method mainly has the exploitation methods such as seismic wave method, DC electrical method, magnetic method, gravitational method and electromagnetic method.
Wherein electromagnetic method is also known as " electromagnetic induction method " and utilizes electromagnetic induction according to the difference of the electric conductivity and magnetic conductivity of rock or ore
The method that principle carries out exploration prospecting, is referred to as electromagnetic method.
Wherein, the application of ground time-frequency electromagnetic survey technology, in structural belt and special objective joint interpretation, hydrocarbon trap connection
Closing detection evaluation etc. played an important role.Well-ground (excitation-ground receiver in well) electromagnetic survey technology have passed through
The research and development of recent two decades has been formed into more mature method.The method of electromagnetic field excitation can be divided into frequency domain and swash
It encourages and is motivated with time-domain.Frequency domain (continuous wave) excitation limitation be have very strong coupling between transmitter and receiver so that
It is directly strong more than the signal in stratum to the source field signal of receiver from transmitter, thus be difficult to accurately measure from stratum
The electromagnetic field signal received.Although with multi-objective technology and the method combined using multiple groups measurement data, can mention
For the information of our formation at target locations of interest, but obtained net signal is still smaller compared with overall measurement signal, useful information
It is very little.
Electromagnetic measuring system and measurement method are used to determine US Patent specification US6739165B1 with disclosing a well
Properties of fluid in bearing stratum.The system acquires initially natural greatly by being laid in the magnetotelluric data acquisition equipment on ground first
Electromagnetic field, the electromagnetic sensor by being laid in ground and underground measure the initial electromagnetic field of reservoir, then pass through Inversion Calculation
The resistivity or conductivity of subsurface reservoir out, and derive accordingly initial earth-electricity model and initial underground fluid such as grease or
The initial contact surface of air water.After certain interval of time, the reservoir electromagnetic field measurements in above-mentioned ground and well, Inversion Calculation are repeated
The resistivity or conductivity of subsurface reservoir out, and earth-electricity model at this time and at this time underground fluid and different fluid are derived accordingly
The spatial distribution of contact surface.Oil is monitored by the changes in spatial distribution of fluid and different fluid contact surface in monitoring subsurface reservoir
The condition of production of gas reservoir.But this well electromagnetic measuring system be easy by ground human-made noise interfere, reduce electromagnetic data
Signal-to-noise ratio.
Chinese patent ZL201520648262.9 discloses a ground-well time-frequency electromagnetic survey data acquisition device.The dress
It sets and receives acquisition device including time-frequency electromagnetic signal in ground high-power emission source and well, time-frequency electromagnetic signal receives acquisition in well
Device is connect by logging cable with the instrument cab on ground, and time-frequency electromagnetic signal receives acquisition device and exists in instrument cab control well
Depth location in well, ground highpowerpulse emission source include highpowerpulse launch control unit, transmitting antenna, when in well
It includes data acquisition and transmission pipe nipple, a pair of of three-component magnetic field sensor and vertical component electricity that frequency electromagnetic signal, which receives acquisition device,
Field sensor.This device can only be surveyed with a pair of of the unpolarizable electrode ring or unpolarizable electrode block being placed in outside data acquisition pipe nipple
Measure ll vertical electric field component.In addition the data acquisition of underground and transmission pipe nipple and three-component magnetic field sensor are by internal electronic device
With the limitation of magnetic induction coil or fluxgate sensor material temperature resistant capability, it cannot be worked normally in high temperature well, affect this
The application range of apparatus.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve conventional downhole electromagnetic and earthquake data acquisition instrument cannot in high temperature well operation difficult problem, this
Invention proposes three-component optical fiber time-frequency electromagnetism and four component optical fiber seismic data acquisition devices in a kind of array well, by
Arrayed optical fiber electromagnetism and fiber optic seismic signal receive acquisition device and listen using optical fiber detector resistant to high temperature, optical fiber water in well
Device, fibre optic gyroscope, fibre optic magnetic field sensor and electric field sensor of optic fibre greatly reduce the various industry in ground and humane electricity
The influence of magnetic and seismic interference improves the signal-to-noise ratio of time-frequency electromagnetism and seismic data in well.
The present invention also provides the multi -components that acquisition device is received based on arrayed optical fiber electromagnetism in well and fiber optic seismic signal
Geophysical data acquisition method can locality descend all-wave earthquake signal, to it is subsequent realize reservoir parameter explanation and evaluation,
Explanation and evaluation and the imaging of well surrounding fine resolution geological structure to stratum oily or high polarization mineral parameter provide ginseng
Examine data.
One of the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows: three-component optical fiber time-frequency electromagnetism and four light components in a kind of array well
Fine seismic data acquisition device, comprising: ground artificial focus (4), ground great-power electromagnetic impulse ejection source (1) He Jingzhong optical fiber
Electromagnetism and fiber optic seismic signal receive acquisition device (6), and optical fiber electromagnetism and fiber optic seismic signal receive acquisition device in the well
(6) it is connect by armored fiber optic cable (12) with the instrument cab (5) on ground, the armored fiber optic cable of connection instrument cab (5)
(12) optical fiber electromagnetism and fiber optic seismic signal in well are controlled and receives the depth location of acquisition device (6) in well；
Following earthquake-wave-exciting, ground great-power electromagnetic impulse ejection source include the ground artificial focus (4) to the ground
Great-power electromagnetic impulse ejection control device (1) and transmitting antenna (2), the highpowerpulse launch control unit (1) is to hair
It penetrates antenna (2) and highpowerpulse exciting current (3) is provided；
It includes that several data acquisitions are short that arrayed optical fiber electromagnetism and fiber optic seismic signal, which receive acquisition device (6), in the well
Section (11) and the three-component fibre optic magnetic field sensor (7) being installed in data acquisition pipe nipple (11), three-component optic fibre electric field pass
Sensor (8), four component optical fiber seismic signal sensing units (9), three-component optical fiber attitude transducer (10)；The number that array is laid
It is connected according between acquisition pipe nipple by armored fiber optic cable (12)；
Data acquire in pipe nipple (11), and three-component electric field sensor of optic fibre (8) is placed in the upper of data acquisition pipe nipple (11)
End, three-component fibre optic magnetic field sensor (7) are placed in the lower end of data acquisition pipe nipple (11), the four components optical fiber seismic signal
Sensing unit (9) is mounted on the middle part of data collection joint (11), and then four component optical fiber seismic signal sensing units (9) are pacified
Fill a three-component optical fiber attitude transducer (10).
The distance between two neighboring three-component fibre optic magnetic field sensor (7) is 10m in the array, adjacent two in array
The distance between a three-component electric field sensor of optic fibre (8) is 10m.
The three-component fibre optic magnetic field sensor is that three mutually orthogonal fibre optic magnetic fields using Faraday effect sense
Device is formed using the fibre optic magnetic field sensor of magnetostrictive effect.
The three-component electric field sensor of optic fibre is three mutually orthogonal optic fibre electric fields using electroluminescent light absorption effect
Sensor is formed using the electric field sensor of optic fibre of piezoelectricity elasto-optical effect.
The four components optical fiber seismic signal sensing unit is by including the four of three-component optical fiber detector and fibre optic hydrophone
Component optical fiber vector hydrophone primitive composition, single vector detect primitive and use three axis separated structures.
The transmitting antenna (2) are as follows: the long conducting wire of two centered on wellbore mutually orthogonal ground connection, along wellbore radial direction
Laying is grounded long conducting wire, the rectangular big loop line coil centered on wellbore, in the big loop line coil of the circle centered on wellbore
One kind；
If transmitting antenna (2) is the mutually orthogonal long conducting wire of ground connection of two centered on wellbore, or along wellbore radial direction
The long conducting wire of the ground connection of laying is then directly presented highpowerpulse exciting current (3) by being grounded the grounding electrode at long conducting wire both ends
Enter in ground；
If transmitting antenna (2) is the rectangular big loop line coil centered on wellbore or the big loop line of circle centered on wellbore
Coil；Then by the way that highpowerpulse exciting current (3) are accessed rectangular big loop line coil or round big loop line coil stimulating electromagnetism
?.
The two of the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows: using arrayed optical fiber time-frequency electromagnetism and four component optical fiber in above-mentioned well
The collecting method of seismic data acquisition device (6), comprising the following steps:
A, the ground artificial focus (4) is successively swashed point by point according to construction plan focal point provided around drilling well
Hair, the four components optical fiber seismic signal sensing unit (9) is in well section to be measured by certain point away from point-by-point acquisition ground artificial shake
The all-wave earthquake signal of source excitation；
B, the three-component optical fiber attitude transducer for being located next to the installation of four component optical fiber seismic signal sensing units (9)
(10) the three-component attitude data of synchronous acquisition acquisition pipe nipple (11)；
C, the great-power electromagnetic impulse ejection control device (1) persistently emits great-power electromagnetic pulse excitation electric current (3),
Emitted antenna (2) motivates induction field in ground, so that underground medium generates inductive loop, inductive loop is gradually in midair
Between underground diffusion and decaying；
D, the three-component fibre optic magnetic field sensor (7) and three-component electric field sensor of optic fibre (8) press one in well section to be measured
Fixed point is away from three-component magnetic field in point-by-point production wells and three-component electric field data；
E, data acquisition pipe nipple (11) by seismic data in four component wells that step a is acquired, step b is acquired three
Component attitude data and the instrument cab that the collected time-frequency electromagnetic data of step d is transmitted to ground by armored fiber optic cable (12)
(5) then inner optical-fiber laser signal modem is converted into the underground four component earthquake of respective depth by modulation /demodulation
Signal, underground three-component magnetic field signal and three-component electric field signal；
F, the three-component attitude data of pipe nipple (11) is acquired according to the data of three-component optical fiber attitude transducer (10) acquisition,
By seismic data rotation transformation in step e at the underground four component earthquake signal of respective depth, by three-component magnetic field signal and three
Component electrical field signal is overlapped processing and rotation transformation, obtains underground vertically and two parallel with ground level orthogonal
The time-frequency electromagnetism of horizontal direction and the time series data of seismic data；
G, the time series three-component time-frequency electromagnetic data in time-domain or frequency domain processing step f, obtains each measuring point
Electromagnetic field amount and electromagnetism field gradient, extract related with formation electrical property parameter；
H, the electromagnetic field amount of each measuring point of step g and electromagnetism field gradient are subjected to inversion imaging, it is radial certain obtains well week
Stratum complex resistivity changes in distribution rule in distance range；
I, according to the frequency of the changes in distribution rule of stratum complex resistivity and the stratum obtained by frequency domain processing mode
The relationship of domain complex resistivity carries out inverting, obtains the changes in distribution rule of stratum polarizability；
J, the underground four component earthquake signal for being converted into respective depth in step e is subjected to seismic data process in well, obtained
Obtain p-and s-wave velocity, longitudinal and shear wave wave impedance, longitudinal and shear wave anisotropy coefficient, the longitudinal and shear wave attenuation coefficient, elasticity ginseng of underground medium
Number, viscoelastic parameters, seismic attributes data and the imaging of well surrounding fine resolution geological structure.
In step c, the waveform of great-power electromagnetic pulse excitation electric current is half duty bipolar square wave of zero or duty ratio is
Zero and there is the pseudo random pulse sequence of positive-negative polarity, the square-wave cycle or unit pulse width are 0.01~100s.
In rapid d, the magnetic field signal and electric field signal of each measuring point measurement and 10~50 periods of record.
Further include: the stratum complex resistivity changes in distribution rule obtained according to step h seek stratum complex resistivity it is each to
It is images generated, the occurrence on stratum and the information of wellbore offset are provided.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: the present invention is by using fibre-optic geophone resistant to high temperature, optical fiber magnetic in underground
Field sensor and electric field sensor of optic fibre, there is no any electronics in the optical fiber electromagnetism and fiber optic seismic data acquisition device of underground
The magnetic field sensing of device and moving-coil type or piezoelectric type or acceleration formula or MEMS formula wave detector, line of induction ring type or fluxgate type
Device, arrayed optical fiber time-frequency electromagnetism and four component optical fiber seismic data acquisition devices can be following in all high temperature wells in this well
Seismic data in electromagnetism and well in production wells, and collecting method is provided, overcome conventional downhole electromagnetic and seismic data
Acquisition instrument cannot in high temperature well operation difficulty；The invention has the following advantages that
1, acquisition device of the invention greatly reduces the various human-made noises in ground to underground three-component time-frequency electromagnetism and well
The interference of middle four component earthquake data improves the signal-to-noise ratio of electromagnetism and seismic data in well；
2, the present invention can obtain the p-and s-wave velocity of underground medium, longitudinal and shear wave wave impedance, longitudinal and shear wave anisotropy coefficient,
Longitudinal and shear wave attenuation coefficient, elastic parameter, viscoelastic parameters, seismic attributes data and well surrounding fine resolution geological structure at
Picture；
3, the present invention can detect the stratum complex resistivity regularity of distribution and stratum around well section well to be measured in larger scope
The polarizability regularity of distribution can also improve the resolution capability to target geological body；
4, the present invention can obtain the anisotropic properties of stratum elastic wave velocity and resistivity, provide occurrence and the well on stratum
The information of eye offset, and realize the integrated interpretation to reservoir parameter and evaluation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the first of arrayed optical fiber time-frequency electromagnetism and four component optical fiber seismic data acquisition devices in well of the present invention
The structural schematic diagram of embodiment.
Fig. 2 is second of arrayed optical fiber time-frequency electromagnetism and four component optical fiber seismic data acquisition devices in well of the present invention
The structural schematic diagram of embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the knot of underground arrayed optical fiber time-frequency electromagnetism and four component optical fiber seismic data acquisition devices in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2
Structure schematic diagram.
In figure: high-power generator and impulse ejection control device 1, transmitting antenna 2, highpowerpulse exciting current waveform
3, ground artificial focus 4, instrument cab 5, optical fiber electromagnetism and fiber optic seismic signal receive acquisition array 6, three-component optical fiber magnetic in well
Field sensor 7, three-component electric field sensor of optic fibre 8, four component optical fiber seismic signal sensing units 9, three-component optical fiber posture pass
Sensor (fibre optic gyroscope) 10.
Specific embodiment
For convenient for those skilled in the art understand that technology contents of the invention, with reference to the accompanying drawing to the content of present invention into one
Step is illustrated.
Three-component optical fiber time-frequency electromagnetism and four component optical fiber seismic data acquisition devices in a kind of array well of the present invention, packet
Include: optical fiber electromagnetism and fiber optic seismic signal receive in ground artificial focus 4, ground great-power electromagnetic impulse ejection source 1 and 2, well
Acquisition device 6, optical fiber electromagnetism and fiber optic seismic signal receive acquisition device 6 and pass through on armored fiber optic cable 12 and ground in the well
Instrument cab 5 connect, the armored fiber optic cable 12 of the connection instrument cab 5 controls optical fiber electromagnetism and fiber optic seismic signal in well and receives
Depth location of the acquisition device 6 in well；
Following earthquake-wave-exciting, ground great-power electromagnetic impulse ejection source include big to the ground artificial focus 4 to the ground
Power electromagnetic pulse launch control unit 1 and transmitting antenna 2, the highpowerpulse launch control unit 1 are mentioned to transmitting antenna 2
For highpowerpulse exciting current 3；The transmitting antenna 2 is swashed highpowerpulse by being grounded the grounding electrode at long conducting wire both ends
It encourages electric current 3 to be fed directly into ground, or by access around the rectangular big loop line of well or around the round big loop line excitation electromagnetic field of well；
It includes that several data acquire pipe nipple that arrayed optical fiber electromagnetism and fiber optic seismic signal, which receive acquisition device 6, in the well
11 and be installed on data acquisition pipe nipple 11 in three-component fibre optic magnetic field sensor 7, three-component electric field sensor of optic fibre 8, four
Multicomponent seismic sensing unit 9, three-component optical fiber attitude transducer 10；Pass through between the data acquisition pipe nipple that array is laid
Armored fiber optic cable 12 is connected；Three-component optical fiber attitude transducer 10 in the present embodiment is fibre optic gyroscope.
Data acquire pipe nipple 11 in, three-component electric field sensor of optic fibre 8 be placed in data acquisition pipe nipple 11 upper end, three points
Amount fibre optic magnetic field sensor 7 is placed in the lower end of data acquisition pipe nipple 11, and the four components optical fiber seismic signal sensing unit 9 is pacified
Mounted in the middle part of data collection joint 11, and then four component optical fiber seismic signal sensing units 9 install a three-component optical fiber
Attitude transducer 10.
Four components that four component optical fiber seismic signal sensing units 9 are made of three-component optical fiber detector and fibre optic hydrophone
Optical fiber vector hydrophone primitive composition, single vector detect primitive and use three axis separated structures.
Three-component fibre optic magnetic field sensor 7 be three mutually orthogonal fibre optic magnetic field sensors using Faraday effect or
It is formed using the fibre optic magnetic field sensor of magnetostrictive effect.
Three-component electric field sensor of optic fibre 8 is that three mutually orthogonal optic fibre electric fields using electroluminescent light absorption effect sense
Device is formed using the electric field sensor of optic fibre of piezoelectricity elasto-optical effect.
Due to using optical fiber detector resistant to high temperature, fibre optic gyroscope, fibre optic magnetic field sensor and optical fiber electricity in underground
Field sensor, there is no any electronic devices and moving-coil type or piezoelectric type to examine in the optical fiber electromagnetism seismic data acquisition device of underground
The magnetic field sensor of wave device, line of induction ring type or fluxgate type, in this well arrayed optical fiber time-frequency electromagnetism and with four component optical fiber
Seismic data acquisition device can following electromagnetism and seismic data into production wells in all high temperature wells, overcome under conventional well electric
Magnetic and earthquake data acquisition instrument cannot in high temperature well operation difficulty；Electromagnetism and seismic data significantly reduce ground in well
The influence of face various industry and humane electromagnetism and seismic interference, improves the signal-to-noise ratio of data, great-power electromagnetic may be implemented
Transmitting and high earthquake energy excitation, be conducive to detection bury it is deeper or with a distance from received well farther exploration targets.
Three-component optical fiber detector of the invention can use the full optics seismic acceleration detection based on grating technology
Device, the wave detector are designed exclusively for permanent underground survey, and multisensor array can be arranged on simple optical fiber, including
Fibre optic thermometer, pressure gauge, multi-phase flowmeter and distributed temperature sensor system.Light is propagated down into from ground along optical cable
In well and reflect back into ground, optical signalling is converted into measurement data, and the survey data obtained is explained with conventional method.Underground
Seismic acceleration wave detector receives seismic wave, can be processed into stratum and fluid front image.Permanent 3 component of downhole optic fiber (3C)
Shake measurement has high sensitivity and directionality, can generate high-precision spatial image, can not only provide nearly borehole images, Er Qieneng
Wellbore stratum image is provided, measurement range can reach several thousand feet in some cases.Fiber optic seismic measuring system is in oil well
Their entire life operation, be amenable to rugged environment condition (for temperature up to 250 DEG C, pressure reaches 30000psi), measuring system
There is no movable part and underground electronic device.Each 3C seismic acceleration wave detector is encapsulated in outside 1 inch of diameter of protection
In shell, it can be installed in complicated completion tubular column and small space.Geophone is very firm, is amenable to strong impact and vibration
It is dynamic.Fibre-optic geophone also has the characteristics that dynamic range greatly and signal band is wide, the signal band width of the system for 3~
800Hz can record the equivalent response from extremely low to extremely high frequency.
Acquisition device of the present invention includes following two embodiment:
Embodiment 1
With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, arrayed optical fiber time-frequency electromagnetism and four component optical fiber seismic data acquisition devices in well, including
Ground high-power emission source control device 1, transmitting antenna 2, ground artificial focus 4, optical fiber electromagnetic signal receives acquisition battle array in well
Column 6, four component optical fiber seismic signal sensing units 9, fibre optic gyroscope 10, optical fiber electromagnetism and fiber optic seismic data acquire pipe nipple 11
With armored fiber optic cable 12.Optical fiber electromagnetism and fiber optic seismic signal reception acquisition array 5 pass through armored fiber optic cable 12 and ground in well
On instrument cab 5 connect, the armored fiber optic cable 12 on instrument cab 5 controls optical fiber electromagnetism and fiber optic seismic signal in well and receives acquisition
Depth location of the array 6 in well.
Surface seismic focus 4 is ground weight focus or dynamite source or controlled source or the air gun excited in pond shake
Source or spark source.
The working principle of downhole optic fiber four component earthquake sensing unit 9 is: issuing from light source light modulation system more
Wavelength modulation laser is transmitted in four component optical fiber vector hydrophone arrays of underground by the multi-core optical fiber in transmission cable, and four
Component optical fiber vector hydrophone is by spatial position point underwater sound field x, y, the z vibration acceleration signal and sound pressure signal at place with light phase
The mode of position modulation is loaded into corresponding laser carrier signal.Optical fiber is uploaded by transmission cable, each road optical signal transmission is arrived
Photoelectric receiving system converts to obtain digital carrier detection signal of the multichannel with optical modulation through photoelectric conversion amplification and AD.Through light
Modulation /demodulation is learned, the four component earthquake detection digital signal of each road high-fidelity is restored.
Ground great-power electromagnetic impulse ejection source includes great-power electromagnetic impulse ejection control device 1 and transmitting antenna 2.Hair
Penetrating antenna 2 is two mutually orthogonal long conducting wires of ground connection centered on wellbore, or long along the ground connection that wellbore radial direction is laid
Conducting wire, the long conducting wire of ground connection laid along wellbore radial direction, the length for being grounded long conducting wire is 1000m~10000m, high-power electricity
Magnetic field impulse launch control unit 1 is grounded long conducting wire interleaved powers to two by reversing switch.Great-power electromagnetic impulse ejection control
Device 1 processed provides great-power electromagnetic pulse excitation electric current 3 to transmitting antenna 2, and transmitting antenna 2 is by being grounded connecing for long conducting wire both ends
Great-power electromagnetic pulse excitation electric current 3 is fed directly into ground by ground electrode.
It includes that one or several optical fiber electromagnetism and fiber optic seismic data acquire that optical fiber electromagnetic signal, which receives acquisition array 6, in well
Pipe nipple 11, each optical fiber electromagnetism earthquake data acquisition pipe nipple include an optical fiber four component earthquake sensing unit 9, one three
7, three-component electric field sensor of optic fibre 8 of component fibre optic magnetic field sensor and a fibre optic gyroscope 10.Three-component optical fiber electricity
Field sensor 8 is placed in the upper end of data acquisition pipe nipple 11, and three-component fibre optic magnetic field sensor 7 is placed in data acquisition pipe nipple 11
Lower end, optical fiber four component earthquake sensing unit 9 is mounted on the middle part of data acquisition pipe nipple 11, and fibre optic gyroscope 10 abuts
Four component earthquake sensing unit 9.Apart 10 meters or so of each optical fiber electromagnetism earthquake data acquisition pipe nipple 11, four light components
The four component optical fiber vector hydrophone bases that fine seismic signal sensing unit is made of three-component optical fiber detector and fibre optic hydrophone
Member composition, single vector detect primitive and use three axis separated structures.Three-component fibre optic magnetic field sensor 7 is adopted by mutually orthogonal
Fibre optic magnetic field sensor with Faraday effect or the fibre optic magnetic field sensor using magnetostrictive effect form.Three-component optical fiber
Electric-field sensor 8 is by three mutually orthogonal electric field sensor of optic fibre or use piezoelectricity bullet light efficiency using electroluminescent light absorption effect
The electric field sensor of optic fibre composition answered.It is connected between each data acquisition pipe nipple 6 by armored fiber optic cable 12.
Embodiment 2
Referring to figs. 2 and 3, embodiment 2 the difference from embodiment 1 is that, transmitting antenna 2 be centered on wellbore around well
Rectangular or round big loop line, the side length around the rectangular big loop line of well are 500m~3000m, and the radius around the round big loop line of well is 500m
~1000m.Other are same as Example 1.
Data based on arrayed optical fiber time-frequency electromagnetism of the invention and four component optical fiber seismic data acquisition devices (6) are adopted
Set method, comprising the following steps:
A, the ground artificial focus 4 is successively swashed point by point according to construction plan focal point provided around drilling well
Hair, the four components optical fiber seismic signal sensing unit 9 are point-by-point locality away from (10 meters or so) by certain point in well section to be measured
The all-waves earthquake such as the direct-path signal of dough figurine work epicenter excitation and back wave, refracted wave, diffracted wave and surface wave from stratum
Signal；
B, next to 10 synchronous acquisition of the fibre optic gyroscope acquisition of four component optical fiber seismic signal sensing units 9 installation
The three-component attitude data (inclination angle, tendency, azimuth) of pipe nipple 11；
C, great-power electromagnetic impulse ejection control device 1 persistently emits great-power electromagnetic pulse excitation electric current 3, high-power electricity
The waveform of magnetic field impulse exciting current 3 is that half duty bipolar square wave of zero or duty ratio are zero and have the pseudorandom arteries and veins of positive-negative polarity
Sequence is rushed, square-wave cycle or unit pulse width are 0.01~100s, and emitted antenna 2 motivates induction field in ground, makes
Underground medium generates inductive loop, inductive loop gradually spreads and decays to half space underground, the speed of diffusion and decaying
Amplitude is related with the conductivity of underground medium；
D, three-component fibre optic magnetic field sensor 7 and three-component electric field sensor of optic fibre 8 well section to be measured by certain point away from
Three-component magnetic field (H in well in point-by-point acquisition step cx, Hy, Hz) and three-component electric field (Ex、Ey、Ez) data, each measuring point survey
Three-component magnetic field signal and three-component electric field signal in the well in amount and 10~50 periods of record；
E, data acquisition pipe nipple 11 is by seismic data, the three-component appearance for acquiring step b in four component wells that step a is acquired
State data and the collected time-frequency electromagnetic data of step d is transmitted to the light in the instrument cab 5 on ground by armored fiber optic cable 12
Fine laser signal modem, be then converted into the underground four component earthquake signal of respective depth, three-component magnetic field signal and
Three-component electric field signal；
F, three-component attitude data (inclination angle, tendency, the orientation of the data acquisition pipe nipple 11 acquired according to fibre optic gyroscope 10
Angle), by seismic data rotation transformation in step e at the underground four component earthquake signal of respective depth, by three-component magnetic field signal
It is overlapped processing and rotation transformation with three-component electric field signal, obtains underground vertically and two parallel with ground level
The time-frequency electromagnetism of orthogonal horizontal and the time series data of seismic data；
G, the time series three-component time-frequency electromagnetic data in time-domain or frequency domain processing step f, obtains each measuring point
Electromagnetic field amount and electromagnetism field gradient, extract related with formation electrical property parameter；
H, the electromagnetic field amount of each measuring point of step g and electromagnetism field gradient are subjected to inversion imaging, it is radial certain obtains well week
Stratum complex resistivity distribution in distance range；
I, according to the frequency of the changes in distribution rule of stratum complex resistivity and the stratum obtained by frequency domain processing mode
The relationship of domain complex resistivity carries out inverting, obtains the changes in distribution rule of stratum polarizability；
J, the underground four component earthquake signal for being converted into respective depth in step e is subjected to seismic data process in well, obtained
Obtain p-and s-wave velocity, longitudinal and shear wave wave impedance, longitudinal and shear wave anisotropy coefficient, the longitudinal and shear wave attenuation coefficient, elasticity ginseng of underground medium
Number, viscoelastic parameters, seismic attributes data and the imaging of well surrounding fine resolution geological structure.
In above-mentioned steps a, ground artificial focus 4 is for ground weight focus or dynamite source or controlled source or in pond
The air gun source or spark source of middle excitation.
In above-mentioned steps c, the waveform of great-power electromagnetic pulse excitation electric current is half duty bipolar square wave of zero or accounts for
Sky ratio is zero and has the pseudo random pulse sequence of positive-negative polarity, and the square-wave cycle or unit pulse width are 0.01~100s.
In above-mentioned steps d, the magnetic field signal and electric field signal of each measuring point measurement and 10~50 periods of record.
In above-mentioned steps h, each of stratum complex resistivity is obtained according to obtained stratum complex resistivity changes in distribution rule
Anisotropy characteristic provides the occurrence on stratum and the information of wellbore offset, and realizes the explanation and evaluation to reservoir parameter.
In above-mentioned steps i, according to the obtained stratum polarizability regularity of distribution, and realize to stratum oily or high polarization
The explanation and evaluation of mineral parameter.
In above-mentioned steps j, according to the p-and s-wave velocity of obtained underground medium, longitudinal and shear wave wave impedance, longitudinal and shear wave respectively to
Anisotropic coefficient, longitudinal and shear wave attenuation coefficient, elastic parameter, viscoelastic parameters, seismic attributes data, with realizing well surrounding fine resolution
Matter structure imaging and overall merit to oil-bearing reservoir.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the embodiments described herein, which is to help reader, understands this hair
Bright principle, it should be understood that protection scope of the present invention is not limited to such specific embodiments and embodiments.For ability
For the technical staff in domain, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, made
Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. should be included within scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (10)
1. three-component optical fiber time-frequency electromagnetism and four component optical fiber seismic data acquisition devices in a kind of array well, comprising: ground
Great-power electromagnetic impulse ejection source (1), ground artificial focus (4) He Jingzhong optical fiber electromagnetism and fiber optic seismic signal receive acquisition dress
It sets (6), optical fiber electromagnetism and fiber optic seismic signal receive acquisition device (6) and pass through on armored fiber optic cable (12) and ground in the well
Instrument cab (5) connection, it is described connection instrument cab (5) armored fiber optic cable (12) control well in optical fiber electromagnetism and fiber optic seismic letter
Number depth location of the reception acquisition device (6) in well, which is characterized in that
Following earthquake-wave-exciting, ground great-power electromagnetic impulse ejection source include big function to the ground artificial focus (4) to the ground
Rate electromagnetic pulse launch control unit (1) and transmitting antenna (2), the highpowerpulse launch control unit (1) to transmitting day
Line (2) provides highpowerpulse exciting current (3)；
It includes several data acquisition pipe nipples that arrayed optical fiber electromagnetism and fiber optic seismic signal, which receive acquisition device (6), in the well
(11) and be installed on data acquisition pipe nipple (11) in three-component fibre optic magnetic field sensor (7), three-component optic fibre electric field sensing
Device (8), four component optical fiber seismic signal sensing units (9), three-component optical fiber attitude transducer (10)；The data that array is laid
It is connected between acquisition pipe nipple by armored fiber optic cable (12)；
Data acquire pipe nipple (11) in, three-component electric field sensor of optic fibre (8) be placed in data acquisition pipe nipple (11) upper end, three
Component fibre optic magnetic field sensor (7) is placed in the lower end of data acquisition pipe nipple (11), the four components optical fiber seismic signal sensing
Unit (9) is mounted on the middle part of data collection joint (11), and then four component optical fiber seismic signal sensing units (9) installation one
A three-component optical fiber attitude transducer (10).
2. three-component optical fiber time-frequency electromagnetism and four component optical fiber seismic datas in a kind of array well according to claim 1
Acquisition device, which is characterized in that the distance between two neighboring three-component fibre optic magnetic field sensor (7) is 10m in the array,
The distance between two neighboring three-component electric field sensor of optic fibre (8) is 10m in array.
3. three-component optical fiber time-frequency electromagnetism and four component optical fiber seismic datas in a kind of array well according to claim 2
Acquisition device, which is characterized in that the three-component fibre optic magnetic field sensor is three mutually orthogonal using Faraday effect
Fibre optic magnetic field sensor is formed using the fibre optic magnetic field sensor of magnetostrictive effect.
4. three-component optical fiber time-frequency electromagnetism and four component optical fiber seismic datas in a kind of array well according to claim 2
Acquisition device, which is characterized in that the three-component electric field sensor of optic fibre is three and mutually orthogonal is imitated using electroluminescent light absorption
The electric field sensor of optic fibre answered or the electric field sensor of optic fibre composition using piezoelectricity elasto-optical effect.
5. three-component optical fiber time-frequency electromagnetism and four component optical fiber seismic datas in a kind of array well according to claim 2
Acquisition device, which is characterized in that the four components optical fiber seismic signal sensing unit is by including three-component optical fiber detector and light
Four component optical fiber vector hydrophone primitives of fine hydrophone composition, single vector detect primitive and use three axis separated structures.
6. three-component optical fiber time-frequency electromagnetism and four component optical fiber seismic datas in a kind of array well according to claim 1
Acquisition device, which is characterized in that the transmitting antenna (2) are as follows: the long conducting wire of two centered on wellbore mutually orthogonal ground connection, edge
The long conducting wire of ground connection, the rectangular big loop line coil centered on wellbore, the circle centered on wellbore that wellbore radial direction is laid
One of big loop line coil；
If transmitting antenna (2) is the mutually orthogonal long conducting wire of ground connection of two centered on wellbore, or for along wellbore radial direction cloth
If the long conducting wire of ground connection, then highpowerpulse exciting current (3) is fed directly by being grounded the grounding electrode at long conducting wire both ends
In ground；
If transmitting antenna (2) is the rectangular big loop line coil centered on wellbore or the big loop line line of the circle centered on wellbore
Circle；Then by the way that highpowerpulse exciting current (3) are accessed rectangular big loop line coil or round big loop line coil stimulating electromagnetic field.
7. using array three-component optical fiber time-frequency electromagnetism in the well of any claim in the claims 1 to 6 and four points
Measure the collecting method of fiber optic seismic data acquisition device (6), which comprises the following steps:
A, the ground artificial focus (4) is successively excited point by point according to construction plan focal point provided around drilling well,
The four components optical fiber seismic signal sensing unit (9) is swashed by certain point away from point-by-point acquisition ground artificial focus in well section to be measured
The all-wave earthquake signal of hair；
B, the three-component optical fiber attitude transducer (10) for being located next to the installation of four component optical fiber seismic signal sensing units (9) is same
The three-component attitude data of step acquisition data acquisition pipe nipple (11)；
C, the great-power electromagnetic impulse ejection control device (1) persistently emits great-power electromagnetic pulse excitation electric current (3), through sending out
It penetrates antenna (2) and motivates induction field in ground, so that underground medium generates inductive loop, inductive loop is gradually to half space
Lower diffusion and decaying；
D, the three-component fibre optic magnetic field sensor (7) and three-component electric field sensor of optic fibre (8) are pressed centainly in well section to be measured
Point is away from three-component magnetic field in point-by-point production wells and three-component electric field data；
E, data acquisition pipe nipple (11) is by seismic data, the three-component for acquiring step b in four component wells that step a is acquired
Attitude data and the instrument cab (5) that the collected time-frequency electromagnetic data of step d is transmitted to ground by armored fiber optic cable (12)
In optical-fiber laser modulating and demodulating signal instrument in, be then converted into the underground four component earthquake of respective depth by modulation /demodulation
Signal, underground three-component magnetic field signal and three-component electric field signal；
F, it according to the three-component attitude data of data acquisition pipe nipple (11) of three-component optical fiber attitude transducer (10) acquisition, will walk
In rapid e seismic data rotation transformation at respective depth underground four component earthquake signal, by three-component magnetic field signal and three-component
Electric field signal is overlapped processing and rotation transformation, obtains underground vertically and two orthogonal horizontals parallel with ground level
The time-frequency electromagnetism in direction and the time series data of seismic data；
G, the time series three-component time-frequency electromagnetic data in time-domain or frequency domain processing step f, obtains the electricity of each measuring point
Magnetic field amount and electromagnetism field gradient extract parameter related with formation electrical property；
H, the electromagnetic field amount of each measuring point of step g and electromagnetism field gradient are subjected to inversion imaging, obtain well week radial certain distance
Stratum complex resistivity changes in distribution rule in range；
I, multiple according to the changes in distribution rule of stratum complex resistivity and the frequency domain on the stratum obtained by frequency domain processing mode
The relationship of resistivity carries out inverting, obtains the changes in distribution rule of stratum polarizability；
J, the underground four component earthquake signal for being converted into respective depth in step e is subjected to seismic data process in well, obtains ground
The p-and s-wave velocity of lower medium, longitudinal and shear wave anisotropy coefficient, longitudinal and shear wave attenuation coefficient, elastic parameter, glues at longitudinal and shear wave wave impedance
Elastic parameter, seismic attributes data and the imaging of well surrounding fine resolution geological structure.
8. collecting method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in step c, great-power electromagnetic pulse excitation electricity
The waveform of stream is that half duty bipolar square wave of zero or duty ratio are zero and have the pseudo random pulse sequence of positive-negative polarity, the side
Wave period or unit pulse width are 0.01~100s.
9. collecting method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in rapid d, each measuring point measurement and record 10~
The magnetic field signal and electric field signal in 50 periods.
10. collecting method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the stratum complex resistivity obtained according to step h
Changes in distribution rule seeks the anisotropic properties of stratum complex resistivity, provides the occurrence on stratum and the information of wellbore offset.
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