CN110061362B - Active phased array antenna unit level internal monitoring device - Google Patents
Active phased array antenna unit level internal monitoring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110061362B CN110061362B CN201910456965.4A CN201910456965A CN110061362B CN 110061362 B CN110061362 B CN 110061362B CN 201910456965 A CN201910456965 A CN 201910456965A CN 110061362 B CN110061362 B CN 110061362B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
- H01Q21/0075—Stripline fed arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/267—Phased-array testing or checking devices
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Abstract
The invention provides an active phased array antenna unit level internal monitoring device, comprising: the antenna comprises a microstrip patch antenna array, a coupling feeder, an equal power divider, an absorption resistor, a microwave medium substrate and a radio frequency monitoring port. The array unit of the microstrip patch antenna can adopt any patch form, and the array can adopt any array arrangement mode; the absorption resistor is connected to one end of the coupling feeder line, and the other end of the absorption resistor cascades the coupling feeder line through the equal power divider; the length of the coupling feeder line can cover the number of any microstrip patch antenna array units according to the actual design requirement; the microstrip patch antenna array, the coupling feeder line and the equal power divider are all printed on the single-layer microwave medium substrate. The invention integrates the microstrip patch antenna array and the monitoring module into a whole, can reduce the equipment amount and the number of cables, is easy to process and realize compared with the traditional monitoring module realized by adopting multilayer lamination or multilayer through-plate interconnection technology, and has the characteristics of low cost, high reliability, high integration level and convenient manufacture and assembly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an active phased array antenna unit level internal monitoring device.
Background
An active phased array antenna is composed of thousands of radiation elements, and forms a required beam shape and direction by controlling the amplitude phase relationship of each radiation element. When the active phased array antenna works, due to the fact that the working condition of the T/R assembly changes, the amplitude phase of a channel of the array surface radiation unit changes, and therefore the performance of the phased array antenna is affected, the amplitude phase of each antenna unit needs to be accurately monitored, corrected and compensated in real time, and the performance of the active phased array antenna is guaranteed. Therefore, the high-performance monitoring system is necessary equipment of the high-performance active phased array antenna, and the good monitoring system plays a very important role in shortening the debugging period of the active phased array antenna and improving the electrical performance of the active phased array antenna.
The classical monitoring method can be divided into the following according to the position of the monitoring signal feed: internal monitoring and external monitoring. In the calibration principle, the external monitoring is greatly influenced by the external environment, and the calibration precision is relatively low when the device is used in the actual working environment; the "internal monitoring" is usually to set monitoring equipment inside the array to perform real-time monitoring on the active phased array antenna, and the commonly used monitoring equipment includes a switch matrix, a monitoring network and the like. The internal monitoring technology is mature, the performance is relatively stable, and the method is suitable for use in actual working environments, but the currently adopted internal monitoring method hardware has the defects of generally large equipment quantity and high cost, and simultaneously a large number of cables are required to be used, so that the spatial layout in the active phased array antenna is tense. In addition, the traditional designed internal monitoring module usually adopts a lamination technology or a multilayer interconnection technology, and has the problems of high processing precision, difficult realization process, high cost and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an active phased array antenna unit intra-level monitoring device.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an active phased array antenna unit level internal monitoring device, including:
a single-layer microwave medium base material, an absorption resistor, a radio frequency monitoring port, a micro-strip patch antenna array, a coupling feeder line and an equal power divider printed on the single-layer microwave medium base material, wherein,
the microstrip patch antenna array is divided into N microstrip patch antenna array unit groups, each microstrip patch antenna array unit group is formed by arranging a plurality of microstrip patch antenna array units at preset intervals, wherein N is a positive integer;
the N coupling feeders horizontally penetrate through each microstrip patch antenna array unit in the corresponding microstrip patch antenna array unit respectively, and each coupling feeder is spaced from each microstrip patch antenna array unit in the corresponding microstrip patch antenna array unit by a first preset distance;
the power divider is connected with one end of each of the N coupling feeder lines in a cascade mode, and the other end of each of the N coupling feeder lines is connected with an absorption resistor;
and the equal power divider is provided with a radio frequency monitoring port.
Further, in the active phased array antenna unit level internal monitoring device, the arrangement mode of the microstrip patch antenna array units in the microstrip patch antenna array includes triangular array arrangement or rectangular array arrangement.
Further, in the active phased array antenna unit level internal monitoring device, the microstrip patch antenna array unit adopts an antenna unit form including a rectangular microstrip patch, a circular microstrip patch or a special-shaped microstrip patch.
Further, in the above active phased array antenna unit level internal monitoring apparatus, the coupling feeder includes a coupling feeder of 50 Ω or 100 Ω resistance.
Further, in the active phased array antenna unit level internal monitoring device, the absorption resistor is a surface-mounted resistor with a resistance value matched with that of the coupling feeder line.
Furthermore, in the active phased array antenna unit level internal monitoring device, the resistance value of the radio frequency monitoring port is 50 Ω, and the radio frequency connector adopts a blind plug-in.
Further, in the active phased array antenna unit level internal monitoring device, the equal power divider includes one or any combination of a 2 equal power divider, a 4 equal power divider, or an 8 equal power divider.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a monitoring device applied to an active phased array radar unit-level internal monitoring system, which comprises: the antenna comprises a microstrip patch antenna array, a coupling feeder, an equal power divider, an absorption resistor, a microwave medium substrate and a radio frequency monitoring port. The array unit of the microstrip patch antenna can adopt any patch form, and the array can adopt any array arrangement mode; the absorption resistor is connected to one end of the coupling feeder line, and the other end of the absorption resistor cascades the coupling feeder line through the equal power divider; the length of the coupling feeder line can cover the number of any microstrip patch antenna array units according to the actual design requirement; the microstrip patch antenna array, the coupling feeder and the equal power divider are all printed on a single-layer microwave medium substrate. The invention integrates the microstrip patch antenna array and the monitoring module into a whole, can reduce the equipment amount and the number of cables, is easy to process and realize compared with the traditional monitoring module realized by adopting multilayer lamination or multilayer through-plate interconnection technology, and has the characteristics of low cost, high reliability, high integration level and convenient manufacture and assembly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an 8 × 2 wavefront scale monitoring module in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a 16 × 2 wavefront scale monitoring module in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an 8 × 8 wavefront scale monitor module in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of a standing wave of the RF monitoring port in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of monitoring curves of each port of an 8 × 2 monitoring module according to an embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 6 is a diagram of a unit pattern in the back array of the added monitoring module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides an active phased array antenna unit level internal monitoring device, comprising: a single-layer microwave dielectric substrate 6, an absorption resistor 3, a radio frequency monitoring port 5, a microstrip patch antenna array printed on the single-layer microwave dielectric substrate 6, a coupling feeder 2 and an equal power divider 4, wherein,
the microstrip patch antenna array is divided into N microstrip patch antenna array unit groups, each microstrip patch antenna array unit group is formed by arranging a plurality of microstrip patch antenna array units 1 at preset intervals, wherein N is a positive integer;
the antenna array unit comprises N coupling feeders 2, wherein each coupling feeder 2 horizontally penetrates through each microstrip patch antenna array unit 1 in a corresponding microstrip patch antenna array unit group, and each coupling feeder 2 is separated from each microstrip patch antenna array unit 1 in a corresponding microstrip patch antenna array unit group by a first preset distance;
here, a first preset distance d between the coupling feeder 2 and the microstrip patch antenna unit 1 determines the magnitude of the monitored energy, and the closer the distance, the larger the energy; the farther away the distance, the smaller the energy;
according to an embodiment of the invention, each coupling feeder 2 horizontally penetrates through a microstrip patch antenna array group, the length of each coupling feeder covers 8 microstrip patch antenna array units 1, and the monitoring energy obtained from each microstrip patch antenna array unit 1 is-30 dB;
the power divider with equal power is respectively connected with one end of the N coupling feeder lines 2 in a cascade mode, and the other end of each coupling feeder line 2 is connected with an absorption resistor 3;
and the equal power divider 4 is provided with a radio frequency monitoring port 5.
In an embodiment of the active phased array antenna unit level internal monitoring device, the arrangement mode of the microstrip patch antenna array units in the microstrip patch antenna array comprises triangular array arrangement or rectangular array arrangement, and the array surface scale is not limited.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the microstrip patch antenna array units in the microstrip patch antenna array are arranged in a triangular array, and the microstrip patch antenna array unit antennas are arranged in a rectangular patch.
In an embodiment of the active phased array antenna unit level internal monitoring device of the present invention, the microstrip patch antenna array unit 1 is in an antenna unit form including a rectangular microstrip patch, a circular microstrip patch, or a special-shaped microstrip patch.
In an embodiment of the active phased array antenna unit level internal monitoring device, the coupling feeder 2 comprises a feeder with 50 Ω or 100 Ω or any resistance, and the length of the coupling feeder 2 can cover the number of any microstrip patch antenna array units 1 according to actual design requirements.
In an embodiment of the active phased array antenna unit level internal monitoring device of the present invention, the absorption resistor 3 is a surface-mounted resistor having a resistance value matched with the coupling feeder 2.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the coupling feeder 2 is a 50 Ω feeder, and the absorption resistor is a 50 Ω surface-mounted resistor and is terminated at a terminal of the 50 Ω coupling feeder.
In an embodiment of the active phased array antenna unit-level internal monitoring device, the equal power divider 4 may be designed with any number of ports according to the design requirements of practical application, and the equal power divider 4 is impedance-matched with the coupling feeder 2 to implement cascade connection.
According to one embodiment of the invention, two rows of 50 Ω coupled feeds are cascaded using a 2-tap splitter.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the resistance value of the rf monitoring port 5 is 50 Ω, and the rf connector is a blind plug.
In an embodiment of the active phased array antenna unit level internal monitoring device, the microstrip patch antenna array unit 1, the coupling feeder 2 and the equal power divider 4 are all printed on a single-layer microwave medium substrate. The microwave dielectric substrate can be selected from microwave dielectric substrates with any dielectric constant according to actual requirements.
The invention provides a monitoring device applied to an active phased array radar unit-level internal monitoring system, which comprises: the antenna comprises a microstrip patch antenna array, a coupling feeder, an equal power divider, an absorption resistor, a microwave medium substrate and a radio frequency monitoring port. The array unit of the microstrip patch antenna can adopt any patch form, and the array can adopt any array arrangement mode; the absorption resistor 3 is connected to one end of the coupling feeder 2, and the other end of the absorption resistor is used for cascading the coupling feeder 2 through the equal power divider 4; the length of the coupling feeder line can cover the number of any microstrip patch antenna array units according to the actual design requirement; the microstrip patch antenna array, the coupling feeder and the equal power divider are all printed on a single-layer microwave medium substrate. The invention integrates the microstrip patch antenna array and the monitoring module into a whole, can reduce the equipment amount and the number of cables, is easy to process and realize compared with the traditional monitoring module realized by adopting multilayer lamination or multilayer through-plate interconnection technology, and has the characteristics of low cost, high reliability, high integration level and convenient manufacture and assembly.
The invention provides an active phased array antenna unit level internal monitoring device aiming at the problems of large quantity of hardware equipment, complex design, high cost and the like of the existing 'internal monitoring', the monitoring device is integrated on an array unit, can effectively monitor each unit of an array surface, has the characteristics of easy processing, low cost, high reliability, high integration level and convenience in manufacturing and assembling compared with a traditional monitoring network realized by adopting a multilayer lamination or multilayer through-plate interconnection technology, reduces the equipment quantity and the cable quantity of a monitoring system and improves the space utilization rate in a high-frequency box.
The invention solves the problems of complex design, high processing technology requirement, difficult assembly, increased monitoring equipment amount, increased cable components, tense spatial layout of a high-frequency box and low system reliability of the unit-level monitoring device in the prior art, effectively improves the system integration level and is an ideal choice for realizing unit-level internal monitoring of the active phased-array antenna.
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, in this embodiment, an active phased array antenna unit-level internal monitoring device includes a microstrip patch antenna array 1, a coupling feeder 2, an absorption resistor 3, an equal power divider 4, a radio frequency monitoring port 5, and a microwave dielectric substrate 6. The microstrip patch antenna array 1 can take different microstrip patch forms and different array arrangements, and is only used as a preferred embodiment to better describe the structure and performance of the present invention.
The coupling feeder 2 and the microstrip patch antenna array 1 are printed on the same layer of microwave medium substrate 6, the distance between the coupling feeder 2 and the microstrip patch antenna array is d, and different monitoring energies can be obtained from all units by adjusting the distance d. The coupling feeder 2 can be a 50 omega microstrip feeder, and the absorption resistor 3 is connected to the tail end of the coupling feeder by a 50 omega surface-mounted resistor matched with the coupling feeder to absorb energy. However, the invention is not limited to this, and a coupling feed line with 100 Ω or any other resistance and a corresponding matching surface-mounted resistor may also be selected and applied to the embodiment of the invention according to the actual design and application requirements.
The length of the coupling feeder 2 covers the number of the monitoring units, in this embodiment, an 8 × 2 small array is provided, and the coupling length covers 8 monitored units, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and according to the actual design and application requirements, the length can cover any number of monitoring units, see fig. 2, which covers 16 monitored units, and still obtains good monitoring performance.
The equal power divider 4 is used for cascading different coupling feeders 2. In this embodiment, two rows of coupled feeders are cascaded by using a power divider with 2 equal power divisions. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and according to the actual design and application requirements, if the array plane arrangement space is sufficient, 4 equal power dividers, 8 equal power dividers or any equal power divider may be adopted to cascade the coupling feeder to form the radio frequency monitoring port 7, referring to fig. 3, which can reduce the amount of monitoring devices and cables in the high frequency box as much as possible, reduce the cost, and improve the reliability.
The microwave medium substrate 6 can be any single-layer double-sided copper-clad medium material capable of transmitting microwave signals, and the microstrip patch antenna array 1, the coupling feeder 2 and the equal power divider 4 are all printed on the same layer of the microwave medium substrate 6.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the microwave dielectric substrate 6 is TACONIC RF-35 with a thickness of 1.5 mm. The line width of the coupling feeder is 3.45 mm. The distance d between the coupling feeder line and the microstrip patch antenna is 1.5mm, and the specific size can be configured according to actual needs.
The performance of an active phased array antenna element level monitoring device of the embodiment of fig. 1 is described in detail below with reference to fig. 4 and 6.
FIG. 4 is a graph of the standing wave of the RF monitoring port of the embodiment of FIG. 1, wherein the abscissa represents the frequency variation in GHz; the ordinate represents the standing wave VSWR amplitude variation. As shown in the figure, the working frequency band of the present embodiment is 5.2 GHz-5.8 GHz, and the VSWR of the RF monitoring port standing wave is less than 1.5 in the pass band.
FIG. 5 is a graph of the insertion loss amplitude from the RF monitoring port to each antenna element of the embodiment of FIG. 1, wherein the abscissa represents the frequency variation in GHz; the ordinate represents the insertion loss amplitude variation in dB. As shown in the figure, the working frequency band of the embodiment is 5.2 GHz-5.8 GHz, and the range of the insertion loss amplitude from the radio frequency monitoring port to each antenna unit is-25 dB-32.5 dB.
FIG. 6 is a directional diagram of a unit in the array of the embodiment of FIG. 1, wherein the abscissa represents the angle variable in degrees; the ordinate represents the amplitude variation, in dB. As shown in the figure, the design method of the present embodiment does not affect the directional pattern of the unit itself, and thus does not affect the overall specification of the antenna wavefront.
Therefore, the design method for realizing the monitoring module by adding the coupling feeder beside the array antenna unit has the advantages of high structural integration level, simple processing technology and low cost; the performance is excellent in signal transmission.
Compared with the prior art, the active phased array antenna unit in-stage monitoring device according to the embodiments has the following significant advantages:
1. the microstrip patch antenna, the coupling feeder line and the equal power divider are all printed on a single-layer microwave medium substrate, so that the complex design of laminating and cross-layer interconnection in the traditional design is avoided, and the microstrip patch antenna, the coupling feeder line and the equal power divider have the characteristics of simple design, easiness in processing and low cost.
2. The coupling feeder line horizontally penetrates through the microstrip patch antenna array units to directly couple the energy of each corresponding unit, the performance of the microstrip patch antenna array is not affected, the design of a large number of power distribution networks is omitted, and the equipment quantity and the cable quantity of a monitoring system can be effectively reduced.
3. The length of the coupling feeder line is adjusted according to the array surface scale of the active phased array, and the number of the monitoring units can be selected; the distance between the coupling feeder line and the unit is adjusted, and the size of the monitoring energy can be adjusted. The design is very flexible and convenient.
4. The monitoring function at the unit level is provided.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (1)
1. An active phased array antenna element in-stage monitoring device, comprising:
a single-layer microwave medium base material, an absorption resistor, a radio frequency monitoring port, a micro-strip patch antenna array, a coupling feeder line and an equal power divider printed on the single-layer microwave medium base material, wherein,
the microstrip patch antenna array is divided into N microstrip patch antenna array unit groups, each microstrip patch antenna array unit group is formed by arranging a plurality of microstrip patch antenna array units at preset intervals, wherein N is a positive integer;
each coupling feeder is horizontally corresponding to each microstrip patch antenna array unit in one corresponding microstrip patch antenna array unit group, and a first preset distance is formed between each coupling feeder and each microstrip patch antenna array unit in one corresponding microstrip patch antenna array unit group;
the power divider is connected with one end of each of the N coupling feeder lines in a cascade mode, and the other end of each of the N coupling feeder lines is connected with an absorption resistor;
the equal power divider is provided with a radio frequency monitoring port;
the arrangement mode of the microstrip patch antenna array units in the microstrip patch antenna array comprises triangular array arrangement or rectangular array arrangement;
the microstrip patch antenna array unit adopts an antenna unit form comprising a rectangular microstrip patch, a circular microstrip patch or a special-shaped microstrip patch;
the coupling feed line comprises a coupling feed line with a resistance value of 50 omega or 100 omega;
the absorption resistor is a surface-mounted resistor with a resistance value matched with the coupling feeder line;
the resistance value of the radio frequency monitoring port is 50 omega, and a radio frequency connector adopts a blind plug-in;
the equal power divider comprises one or any combination of a 2 equal power divider, a 4 equal power divider or an 8 equal power divider.
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| US6876337B2 (en) * | 2001-07-30 | 2005-04-05 | Toyon Research Corporation | Small controlled parasitic antenna system and method for controlling same to optimally improve signal quality |
| GB0125349D0 (en) * | 2001-10-22 | 2001-12-12 | Qinetiq Ltd | Antenna system |
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| CN102938503A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-02-20 | 东南大学 | Single-board microstrip patch phased-array antenna with simple beam control system |
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| US20180062260A1 (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-03-01 | Analog Devices Global | Antenna array calibration systems and methods |
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