CN110035591A - A kind of solar street light switch controlling device and method based on MPPT - Google Patents

A kind of solar street light switch controlling device and method based on MPPT Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110035591A
CN110035591A CN201910363422.8A CN201910363422A CN110035591A CN 110035591 A CN110035591 A CN 110035591A CN 201910363422 A CN201910363422 A CN 201910363422A CN 110035591 A CN110035591 A CN 110035591A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
street lamp
moment
mppt
maximum power
photovoltaic cell
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CN201910363422.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
江友华
杨金婉
王春吉
刘子瑜
谢振刚
宫唯佳
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Shanghai University of Electric Power
University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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Shanghai University of Electric Power
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Priority to CN201910363422.8A priority Critical patent/CN110035591A/en
Publication of CN110035591A publication Critical patent/CN110035591A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10Controlling the light source
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
    • Y02B20/40Control techniques providing energy savings, e.g. smart controller or presence detection
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
    • Y02B20/72Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps in street lighting

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  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of solar street light switch controlling device and method based on MPPT, the device include sequentially connected photovoltaic cell, DC/DC converter, battery, switch controller, and the switch controller connects street lamp;The device further includes digital signal processor, and the digital signal processor is connect with the photovoltaic cell by voltage and current acquisition module, connect by driving circuit with the DC/DC converter, and is connect with the switch controller;The digital signal processor uses MPPT control method, and the voltage and current by acquiring photovoltaic cell obtains maximum power, carrys out control switch controller by comparing the size of maximum power and given threshold.Compared with prior art, the present invention utilizes the characteristic of MPPT maximum power point tracking, instead of the function of street lamp time switch and light sensor, realizes street lamp intelligent switching control.

Description

A kind of solar street light switch controlling device and method based on MPPT
Technical field
The present invention relates to lighting apparatus control technology fields, switch more particularly, to a kind of solar street light based on MPPT Control device and method.
Background technique
Crystal silicon cell occupies a large amount of market share in solar battery at present, in practical applications, can not change In the case where becoming outdoor temperature, radiant illumination and replacement photovoltaic cell, the ability of photovoltaic cell need to be given full play to, as much as possible Convert light energy into electric energy, reduce cost of electricity-generating, and an important way for solving this problem be using maximum power point with Track (Maximum Power Point Tracking, MPPT) technology.At this stage, solar cell is widely used in street lamp power supply, road lamp power supply, And MPPT maximum power point tracking is had been carried out, so that luminous energy is converted to electric energy as far as possible.MPPT controller is in addition to that can make solar energy Battery reaches except maximum charge power, also contains the information that can be more utilized.
It is largely the characteristic using photo resistance in relation to Street lamps control at present, list is sent to according to the difference of light intensity The different signal of piece machine will test in conjunction with sound transducer, infrared photoelectric sensor and infrared human body identification sensor Information sends single-chip microcontroller to, and related computing is passed through in single-chip microcontroller, provides the signal that street lamp is bright, goes out, there are also fractions to be Utilize time switch.The former controls complex, higher cost in both control modes, though the latter is simply not only to consume Take manpower and material resources, even more the safety of operator is not ensured.
To making full use of to solve solar street light and switched and mention according to intensity of illumination in due course for photovoltaic battery panel charge characteristic Supplied resolving ideas, this to the hommization of street lighting, intelligence, the effectively save energy, reduce cost etc. and have it is important Meaning.Currently, having two kinds of light sensor control switch of time switch and utilization for the control mode of solar street light switch Mode, there are no the cases for the intelligent control for fully considering and realizing using photovoltaic battery panel charge characteristic switch.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide a kind of based on MPPT too Positive energy streetlight switch controlling device and method.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of solar street light switch controlling device based on MPPT, including sequentially connected photovoltaic cell, DC/DC conversion Device, battery, switch controller, the switch controller connect street lamp;The device further includes digital signal processor, the number Word signal processor is connect with the photovoltaic cell by voltage and current acquisition module, is turned by driving circuit and the DC/DC Parallel operation connection, and connect with the switch controller;The digital signal processor uses MPPT control method, and passes through acquisition The voltage and current of photovoltaic cell obtains maximum power, carrys out control switch control by comparing the size of maximum power and given threshold Device processed.
Preferably, the MPPT control method specifically uses conductance increment method.
A kind of method of controlling switch of the solar street light switch controlling device using above-mentioned based on MPPT, comprising:
S1, initialization: by sunset moment and sunrise moment daily in a period of time, average sunset moment peace is obtained The equal sunrise moment, in importing digital signal processor;
S2, lamp condition monitoring: when monitoring street lamp current state to close, the street lamp for carrying out step S3 opens control, Otherwise, the street lamp for carrying out step S4 closes control;
S3, street lamp open control: judging whether the maximum power of photovoltaic cell continues one section before the average sunset moment Time is less than switching threshold, if so, recording, the moment is street lamp start-up time and controls street lamp unlatching, and otherwise reclocking is supervised It surveys;
S4, street lamp close control: constantly judging photovoltaic cell most in the set period of time before and after the average sunrise moment It is high-power whether to be greater than switching threshold, it is street lamp close moment and controls street lamp closing if so, records the moment;
S5, data update: updating sunset moment and day according to the street lamp start-up time on the same day and street lamp close moment respectively The data at moment out.
Preferably, the step S3 is specifically included:
Setting time before the average sunset moment starts to continue the maximum power of detection photovoltaic cell, when maximum power is small Start timing when switching threshold, it is primary every setting minute detection, it is continuous to monitor repeatedly, if occurring maximum power during timing When greater than switching threshold, then reclocking, if maximum power is both less than switching threshold during timing, finish time when recording gauge For street lamp start-up time, and control street lamp unlatching.
Preferably, in the step S4: if in set period of time before and after the average sunrise moment photovoltaic cell maximum Power is both less than switching threshold, then is determined as that special weather, control street lamp are closed.
Preferably, updating pointer body at sunset according to the street lamp start-up time on the same day in the step S5 includes:
Judge whether the absolute value of the difference of the street lamp start-up time on average sunset moment and the same day misses less than the first setting Difference lays equal stress on if so, the street lamp start-up time on the same day is set as the new sunset moment and new calculates the average sunset moment.
Preferably, updating pointer body at sunrise according to the street lamp close moment on the same day in the step S5 includes:
Judge whether the absolute value of the difference of the street lamp close moment on average sunrise moment and the same day misses less than the second setting Difference lays equal stress on if so, the street lamp close moment on the same day is set as the new sunrise moment and new calculates the average sunrise moment.
Compared with prior art, the present invention, which is removed, passes through DC/DC conversion circuit and MPPT control technology using solar battery Solar energy is stored in battery, characteristic that is outer, while utilizing MPPT maximum power point tracking is powered to street lamp, instead of street lamp The function of time switch and light sensor realizes street lamp intelligent switching control, improves conventional road lamp time switch time mistake It is early or too late the problem of, while also having saved cost to a certain extent;To photovoltaic battery panel charge characteristic make full use of for Solar street light is solved to be switched in due course according to intensity of illumination and provides resolving ideas, this to the hommization of street lighting, intelligence, The effectively save energy reduces cost etc. and has important meaning.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of road lamp switch control device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is switch controller structure chart;
Fig. 3 is I-V characteristic curve under intensity of illumination different situations;
Fig. 4 is P-V characteristic curve under intensity of illumination different situations;
Fig. 5 is photovoltaic battery panel circuit equivalent model;
Fig. 6 is road lamp switch control strategy block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is maximum power with intensity of illumination change curve;
Fig. 8 is maximum power with intensity of illumination change curve partial enlarged view;
Fig. 9 is switch control process flow diagram flow chart of the present invention;
Figure 10 is street lamp opening process flow chart in the present invention;
Figure 11 is street lamp closing process flow chart in the present invention;
Figure 12 is data updating process flow chart in the present invention.
It is marked in figure: 1, photovoltaic cell, 2, DC/DC converter, 3, battery, 4, switch controller, 5, street lamp, 6, number Signal processor, 7, voltage and current acquisition module, 8, driving circuit, 9, key, 10, display screen.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.The present embodiment is with technical solution of the present invention Premised on implemented, the detailed implementation method and specific operation process are given, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to Following embodiments.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the application proposes a kind of solar street light switch controlling device based on MPPT, including it is sequentially connected Photovoltaic cell 1, DC/DC converter 2, battery 3, switch controller 4, switch controller 4 connect street lamp 5.The device also wraps It includes digital signal processor 6 (DSP), digital signal processor 6 is connect with photovoltaic cell 1 by voltage and current acquisition module 7, is logical Overdrive circuit 8 is connect with DC/DC converter 2, and is connect with switch controller 4.Digital signal processor 6 is controlled using MPPT Method, and the voltage and current by acquiring photovoltaic cell 1 obtains maximum power, by comparing maximum power and given threshold Size carrys out control switch controller 4.
Wherein, photovoltaic cell 1 is polycrystalline silicon solar panel component, using HT60-156P-4BB-265 model.DC/ DC converter 2 includes N-channel MOS field-effect tube, specifically uses 25N60MOSFET.Battery 3 uses 24V lithium battery.Voltage electricity Flowing acquisition module 7 includes the Hall voltage sensor of model LEM-LV25-P and the Hall current sensor of LEM-LA25-NP. Switch controller 4 includes relay switch, constitutes such as Fig. 2, DSP and provides low and high level control signal, control relay JK's Switch, and then control the opening and closing of street lamp 5.Digital signal processor 6 include DSP main control chip and with DSP main control chip Program storage, data storage, input interface, output interface, A/D conversion module, D/A conversion module, the UART of connection connect The peripheral circuit of the compositions such as mouth, and digital signal processor 6 can also be connected to display screen 10 and key 9.
In streetlamp on-off control system, electric energy is converted light energy by photovoltaic cell 1, output voltage boosts through Boost Circuit obtains higher DC bus-bar voltage, and electric energy is stored in battery 3.Wherein DSP main control chip can acquire photovoltaic Voltage that battery 1 exports and exports PWM to control Boost circuit at electric current, makes the work of photovoltaic cell 1 in maximum power point, And maximum power is compared with setting value to which output signal controls 3 charge and discharge of battery.
The characteristics of present apparatus can be changed using maximum power point with the variation of intensity of illumination, when maximum power is lower than some It may be said that bright intensity of illumination is also below some value when value, so that it may be opened street lamp 5 using roam lamp control device.Utilize photovoltaic electric The charge characteristic in pond 1 realizes the control device of 5 intelligent switch of street lamp, by the sky in terms of filling up the country in relation to street lamp intelligent control It is white.
In solar photovoltaic cell panel electricity generation system, due to outside environmental elements, such as intensity of illumination, temperature and institute's band Load impacts photovoltaic cell 1, therefore shows non-linear relation between its output voltage, electric current, so as to cause photovoltaic Grid-connected system uncertainty increases, and the efficiency for then causing photovoltaic cell 1 to generate electricity decreases.Based on the above reasons, it needs pair The output power of photovoltaic cell 1 is adjusted in real time, it is made to be attained by maximum power output under any external environment, That is MPPT maximum power point tracking (MPPT).Wherein, the C-V characteristic of photovoltaic cell 1 is illuminated by the light I-V, P-V characteristic song of intensity effect Line difference is as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4.
The MPPT algorithm of the present apparatus is using conductance increment method control strategy.Conductance increment method principle is as follows: by output electricity Relation curve between pressure and 1 output power of photovoltaic cell is known as below Rule of judgment:
Have when operating point is at maximum power point
When operating point has on the right side of maximum power point
Have when operating point is on the left of maximum power point
The output power of photovoltaic cell 1 are as follows:
P=UI
Above formula both sides can obtain U derivation
When photovoltaic cell 1 work in maximum power point, haveWe it can be concluded that
1 circuit equivalent model of photovoltaic cell is as shown in figure 5, wherein U and I can be by the voltage-current relationship formula of photovoltaic cell 1 It can be derived by by Fig. 5:
I=Iph-ID-I3 (3-3)
UD=U+IR1 (3-6)
Ideally R1About zero, R3It can be considered infinitely great, above formula can simplify at this time are as follows:
The output power of photovoltaic cell 1 are as follows:
Wherein, IphFor inside photovoltaic cell 1 through electric current caused by illumination;I is output electric current;IDFor in photovoltaic cell 1 The dark current in portion, the total dissufion current that can reflect the generation of photovoltaic cell P-N junction are influenced by current environmental temperature variation;R1It is The equivalent resistance of photovoltaic cell 1;R2For the external load resistance of photovoltaic cell 1;R3It is the bypass resistance of photovoltaic cell 1;UDFor etc. Imitate the end voltage of diode;U is the open-circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell 1.IoFor reverse saturation current, IscFor 1 short circuit electricity of photovoltaic cell Stream, q are electron charge, and K is Boltzmann constant, and T is absolute temperature, and A is P-N junction conic constant.
As shown in fig. 6, the principle of MPPT algorithm is by the way that the result of control algolithm in MPPT controller is passed to PI control Device processed, generates continually changing duty ratio D, and the variation of duty ratio can make the output voltage of solar battery, output electric current again It changes, at this moment photovoltaic cell 1 is exactly the position that maximum power point is found according to MPPT strategy, it is made to always work at maximum Power points.By sensor detect its output voltage and output electric current, calculate the generated output of photovoltaic cell 1, for set The comparison of definite value.
In one day, intensity of illumination is changed over time, and the maximum power that photovoltaic cell 1 exports can also become with intensity of illumination Change.This Street lamps control is the characteristics of being changed with the variation of intensity of illumination using maximum power point, when maximum power is lower than It may be said that bright intensity of illumination is also below some value when some value, so that it may be opened street lamp 5 using roam lamp control device.
As known to Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, maximum power can change in practice with the variation of intensity of illumination really, horizontal in Fig. 8 Straight line is the set value of the power of the application, i.e. switching threshold, and when intensity of illumination is in tolerance interval, maximum power also can be big In set value of the power, thus controls street lamp 5 and close.
As shown in figure 9, the method for controlling switch of this road lamp switch control device includes:
S1, initialization: daily sunset moment T1 and sunrise moment T2 in record one week obtain the average sunset moment It is carved at sunrise with averageIt imports in data storage;
S2,5 status monitoring of street lamp: when monitoring 5 current state of street lamp to close, the street lamp 5 for carrying out step S3 opens control System, otherwise, the street lamp 5 for carrying out step S4 close control;
S3, street lamp 5 open control: as shown in Figure 10, at the average sunset momentPreceding 30 minutes start to continue detection light The maximum power for lying prostrate battery 1 starts timing when maximum power is less than switching threshold, and detection is primary at intervals of two minutes, continuous to monitor 5 times, if occur maximum power during timing greater than switching threshold, reclocking, if continuous 5 maximum works during timing Rate is both less than switching threshold, then finish time is 5 start-up time t1 of street lamp when recording gauge, and controls the unlatching of street lamp 5;
S4, street lamp 5 close control: as shown in figure 11, constantly judging photovoltaic in 30 minutes before and after the average sunrise moment Whether the maximum power of battery 1 is greater than switching threshold, if so, recording the moment is 5 close moment t2 of street lamp, and controls street lamp 5 close, if the maximum power detected in this period is both less than switching threshold, are determined as that special weather, control street lamp 5 close It closes;
S4, data update, as shown in figure 12:
The data at sunset moment are updated according to 5 start-up time of street lamp on the same day, are calculatedIf | δ 1 | < ε 1, It using t1 as the new sunset moment, updates into data storage, and recalculates the average sunset momentIf | δ 1 | >=ε 1, The data of data storage are not changed then, wherein ε 1 is the first setting error;
The data at sunrise moment are updated according to 5 close moment of street lamp on the same day, are calculatedIf | δ 2 | < ε 2, It updates t2 as the new sunrise moment into data storage, and recalculates the average sunrise momentIf | δ 2 | >=ε 2, Do not change database data then, wherein ε 2 is the second setting error.
In addition to above-mentioned update method, sunrise moment and sunset moment in the present apparatus can also be counted by longitude and latitude and date It obtains, latitude and longitude information is obtained by GPS module.
It due to the shortage of electric power energy, is all furtherd investigate both at home and abroad to generation of electricity by new energy, wherein solar power generation Technology has tended to be mature.It can be further solar street light using solar energy generation technology by the implementation of the application Intelligent switch provides completely new, inexpensive technical solution, will the effectively save energy can even use more low capacity Battery brings very significant social and economic benefit to achieve the purpose that save the cost.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of solar street light switch controlling device based on MPPT, which is characterized in that including sequentially connected photovoltaic cell, DC/DC converter, battery, switch controller, the switch controller connect street lamp;The device further includes Digital Signal Processing Device, the digital signal processor are connect, by driving circuit and institute with the photovoltaic cell by voltage and current acquisition module The connection of DC/DC converter is stated, and is connect with the switch controller;The digital signal processor uses MPPT control method, And the voltage and current by acquiring photovoltaic cell obtains maximum power, comes by comparing the size of maximum power and given threshold Control switch controller.
2. a kind of solar street light switch controlling device based on MPPT according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described MPPT control method specifically uses conductance increment method.
3. a kind of switch control using any solar street light switch controlling device based on MPPT of claim 1~2 Method processed characterized by comprising
S1, initialization: by sunset moment and sunrise moment daily in a period of time, average sunset moment peace equal day is obtained Moment out, in importing digital signal processor;
S2, lamp condition monitoring: when monitoring street lamp current state to close, the street lamp for carrying out step S3 opens control, otherwise, The street lamp for carrying out step S4 closes control;
S3, street lamp open control: judging whether the maximum power of photovoltaic cell continues for some time before the average sunset moment Less than switching threshold, if so, recording, the moment is street lamp start-up time and controls street lamp unlatching, and otherwise reclocking monitors;
S4, street lamp close control: the maximum work of photovoltaic cell is constantly judged in the set period of time before and after the average sunrise moment Whether rate is greater than switching threshold, is street lamp close moment and controls street lamp closing if so, recording the moment;
S5, data update: respectively according to the street lamp start-up time on the same day and street lamp close moment update sunset moment and at sunrise The data at quarter.
4. a kind of solar street light method of controlling switch based on MPPT according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described Step S3 is specifically included:
Setting time before the average sunset moment starts to continue the maximum power of detection photovoltaic cell, opens when maximum power is less than Start timing when closing threshold value, primary every setting minute detection, continuous monitoring repeatedly, is greater than if occurring maximum power during timing When switching threshold, then reclocking, if maximum power is both less than switching threshold during timing, finish time is road when recording gauge Lamp start-up time, and control street lamp unlatching.
5. a kind of solar street light method of controlling switch based on MPPT according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described In step S4: if the maximum power of photovoltaic cell is both less than switching threshold in set period of time before and after the average sunrise moment, Then it is determined as that special weather, control street lamp are closed.
6. a kind of solar street light method of controlling switch based on MPPT according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described Updating pointer body at sunset according to the street lamp start-up time on the same day in step S5 includes:
Judge whether the absolute value of the difference of the street lamp start-up time on average sunset moment and the same day sets error less than first, if It is that the street lamp start-up time on the same day is then set as the new sunset moment and lays equal stress on and new calculates the average sunset moment.
7. a kind of solar street light method of controlling switch based on MPPT according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described Updating pointer body at sunrise according to the street lamp close moment on the same day in step S5 includes:
Judge whether the absolute value of the difference of the street lamp close moment on average sunrise moment and the same day sets error less than second, if It is that the street lamp close moment on the same day is then set as the new sunrise moment and lays equal stress on and new calculates the average sunrise moment.
CN201910363422.8A 2019-04-30 2019-04-30 A kind of solar street light switch controlling device and method based on MPPT Pending CN110035591A (en)

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Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101931345A (en) * 2010-07-30 2010-12-29 艾默生网络能源有限公司 Solar charging system, highest power point tracking device and turn ON/OFF method thereof
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CN103249203A (en) * 2012-02-06 2013-08-14 上海岩芯电子科技有限公司 LED constant current drive and photovoltaic module MPPT integrally controlled street lamp system
JP2017063591A (en) * 2015-04-30 2017-03-30 株式会社別川製作所 Solar power generation system, diagnostic method and diagnostic program of solar power generation unit
US20170244358A1 (en) * 2013-04-13 2017-08-24 Solexel, Inc. Solar photovoltaic module remote access module switch and real-time temperature monitoring
CN210157446U (en) * 2019-04-30 2020-03-17 上海电力学院 Solar street lamp switch control device based on MPPT

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101931345A (en) * 2010-07-30 2010-12-29 艾默生网络能源有限公司 Solar charging system, highest power point tracking device and turn ON/OFF method thereof
CN103249203A (en) * 2012-02-06 2013-08-14 上海岩芯电子科技有限公司 LED constant current drive and photovoltaic module MPPT integrally controlled street lamp system
CN202713735U (en) * 2012-08-01 2013-01-30 温州港宏新能源有限公司 Multifunctional solar energy street lamp system
US20170244358A1 (en) * 2013-04-13 2017-08-24 Solexel, Inc. Solar photovoltaic module remote access module switch and real-time temperature monitoring
JP2017063591A (en) * 2015-04-30 2017-03-30 株式会社別川製作所 Solar power generation system, diagnostic method and diagnostic program of solar power generation unit
CN210157446U (en) * 2019-04-30 2020-03-17 上海电力学院 Solar street lamp switch control device based on MPPT

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