CN110035274A - 3 D displaying method based on grating - Google Patents
3 D displaying method based on grating Download PDFInfo
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- CN110035274A CN110035274A CN201810031064.6A CN201810031064A CN110035274A CN 110035274 A CN110035274 A CN 110035274A CN 201810031064 A CN201810031064 A CN 201810031064A CN 110035274 A CN110035274 A CN 110035274A
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- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
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Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of three-dimensional image, the viewpoint distribution density for passing through raising observer's binocular region more particularly, to the 3 D displaying method based on grating, the method for the invention, the presentation of monocular multiple view may be implemented, to improve 3D vision comfort level.This method spatial position where eyes according to the observation, changes the relevant parameter of grating, makes the left pupil of light incidence observer in neighbouring viewing zones region in whole or in part, while making the right pupil of light incidence observer in other neighbouring viewing zones region in whole or in part.Observer's double vision respectively corresponds to vision area being separated from each other spatially, projects the method for different images respectively to observer's left and right eye by other to realize, or realize by the design of raster unit orientation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of three-dimensional image, more particularly, to the 3 D displaying method based on grating.
Background technique
In the three-dimensional world of reality, two dimension display is imperfect due to the depth information that is lost in the third dimension, so,
The dimension display technologies that stereo scene is presented receive more and more attention.Grating style three-dimension display technology is compatible with mainstream plate
The characteristic of display becomes practical most commonly used 3-D technology at present.Pass through the light splitting function of grating, traditional raster
The pixel outgoing beam of formula dimension display technologies guidance display screen difference group is found in different vision areas, makes corresponding in different vision areas
Observer's binocular near viewpoint can receive the optical information from different pixels group respectively, realize three-dimensional figure based on binocular parallax
The presentation of picture.It is limited by display screen space-bandwidth product, the vision area and its corresponding viewpoint that raster pattern display technology can be presented
Number is limited；Simultaneously in order to ensure observer's binocular can receive corresponding optical information, a limited number of vision area needs
Observer's binocular is covered, thus causes the spacing of neighbouring viewing zones larger, which means observer's
Each eyes can only receive a two dimension view.In order to see a corresponding two dimension view, observer's binocular must
When must focus on the display screen that two dimension view is presented, and obtain 3D vision based on binocular parallax principle, the visual direction angle of binocular
The space three-dimensional luminous point relative to display, thus caused by focusing-convergence conflict, can cause observer dizziness and it is various
Visual discomfort.
In the existing dimension display technologies based on grating, the length of raster unit to and observer's binocular line direction all
That wide-angle is placed, the very limited vision area of number caused by display screen finite resolving power, grow to raster unit it is long to
Unanimously, then the requirement for needing to cover observer's binocular along binocular line direction vision area distributed areas, causes along binocular line direction
The spacing needs of neighbouring viewing zones are bigger, thus cannot achieve the presentation of monocular multiple view (including two views), and each mesh is distinguished
The 3 D displaying method that a width corresponds to two dimension view, which can only be received, has the inconsistent of focusing distance and focusing distance, is
One of the important root of visual discomfort when watching 3-D image.Meanwhile the dimension display technologies of existing various non-grating, such as
Using the helmet-type of two displays it is virtual/augmented reality, wear the 3-D technologies of polaroid glasses or shutter glasses, also all
Be by two on display surface equivalent screens (such as helmet-type it is virtual/augmented reality system in two equivalent screens be two displays void
Two equivalent screens are projection of two projectors on curtain in picture, polaroid glasses formula three dimension system) be in respectively to observer's brush binocular
Show a corresponding two dimension view to realize three-dimensional presentation, there is also the inconsistent problems of focusing distance and focusing distance.
If the two dimension view of available two width of monocular or more, from two width and more several two dimension views,
The light of display object point is crossed, the object point that monocular can focus can be formed, to overcome above-mentioned focusing-meeting in display object point superposition
Poly- conflict.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the shortcomings of existing dimension display technologies, a kind of Three-dimensional Display based on grating is provided
The Three-dimensional Display that viewpoint density realizes monocular multiple view (including two views) can be presented by improving observer's pupil place in method
Technology, to realize comfortable 3D vision.The present invention, which be divided by one-dimensional grating, forms vision area, in following part, definition
The raster unit orientation of one-dimensional grating it is vertical for raster unit it is long to, formed the length of each vision area to the raster unit
It grows to consistent.The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A kind of 3 D displaying method based on grating is provided, comprising the following steps:
S1. at time pointt+l×∆t, by tracing and positioning, determine observer's double vision spatial position, whereinlFor natural number；
S2. along the display screen emergent ray transmission direction that pixel optical information is presented, one-dimensional grating is set before display screen, this is one-dimensional
Grating is divided display screen matrix outgoing beam, makesNGroup pixel is found in respectivelyNA vision area, whereinNFor positive integer；
S3. grating parameter and the raster unit for designing one-dimensional grating are long to the inclination angle of opposite observer's double vision line of centresθ, make
One-dimensional grating is divided to form in vision area left view area there is the corresponding left pupil of observer, being made of two or more vision areas
Group, in the left view district's groups each vision area respective pixel outgoing beam can incident left pupil, there is also the corresponding right pupil of observer, by two
The right vision area group of a or more than two vision areas composition, each vision area respective pixel outgoing beam can be incident right in the right vision area group
Pupil；
S4. it is taken respectively in each vision area of left view district's groups and to correspond to viewpoint as the vision area, taken respectively in right each vision area of vision area group
Point corresponds to viewpoint as the vision area；
S5. each pixel on the corresponding display screen of left and right vision area group, respectively viewpoint loads view information in corresponding vision area relatively；
S6. at next time pointt+l×∆t+∆t, repeat step S1~S5.
In above scheme, mainly spatial position according to the observation, passes through the grating parameter and grating of design one-dimensional grating
Unit is long to the inclination angle of opposite observer's double vision line of centresθ, so that the left pupil of observer can receive at least two neighbouring viewing zones
At least two width two dimension views that respective pixel can be presented, while right pupil also can receive at least two other neighbouring viewing zones pair
At least two width two dimension views that pixel can be presented are answered, to realize comfortable 3D vision.
In one preferred embodiment, step S4 is specifically included: make the line of left and right two excessively left and right pupils respectively, point
It is not named as left and right viewpoint position line, takes the point in left view point position line as the corresponding view of the vision area in each vision area of left view district's groups
Point takes the point in right viewpoint position line to correspond to viewpoint as the vision area in right each vision area of vision area group, and adjacent in same vision area group
Two vision areas correspond to viewpoint spacing less than or equal to pupil diameter.It is understood that by way of making left and right viewpoint position line
Choosing each vision area and corresponding to viewpoint is only one of preferred embodiment.It can also be used in other embodiments straight
Connect taken in vision area a little etc. modes determine that each vision area of left view district's groups corresponds to viewpoint and right each vision area of vision area group corresponds to viewpoint.
In a preferred embodiment, above-mentioned 3 D displaying method is divided by one-dimensional grating, makes to show
ScreenNGroup pixel is found in respectivelyNOne in a vision area, whereinNFor positive integer, the 3 D displaying method further includes answering the time-division
With step, the time division multiplexing step the following steps are included:
P1. at time pointt+l×∆t, the spatial position of observer's pupil is determined based on step S1, and use step S3, S4 institute
Determine that grating parameter, the raster unit of one-dimensional grating are long to the inclination angle of opposite observer's double vision line of centresθ, the left and right vision area
Group and its corresponding viewpoint, numberNGroup pixel andNA vision area makes pixel groupnCorresponding vision arean, the corresponding display screen of left and right vision area group
Upper each pixel, respectively viewpoint loads view information in corresponding vision area relatively, whereinl、nFor natural number, and 1≤n≤N；
P2. at time pointt+l×∆tTo time pointt+l×∆t+∆tBetween time pointt+l×∆t+k×∆t/N, put down
One-dimensional grating is moved, pixel group is madenEach pixel existsn+k≤NWhen be vision arean+kIt is interior visual,?n+k>NWhen be vision arean+k-NIt is interior can
Depending on, each pixel on the corresponding display screen of left and right vision area group, respectively viewpoint loads view information in corresponding vision area relatively, whereinkFor
Natural number, 1≤k≤N-1；
P3. at time pointt+l×∆tAnd time pointt+l×∆t+∆tBetween,N- 1 intervalt/NTime point portion
Divide or all, executes step P2 respectively.
A kind of a kind of alternative of the Three-dimensional Display based on grating of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
SS1. it uses to have to observer's binocular and projects the display device of differing images ability respectively as image-input device, be somebody's turn to do
Display device includes the display screen of carrying pixel optical information；
SS2. at time pointt+l×∆t, by tracing and positioning, determine observer's double vision spatial position, whereinlFor natural number；
SS3. one-dimensional grating is set before display screen along display screen emergent ray transmission direction, the one-dimensional grating is to display screen matrix
Outgoing beam is divided, and display screen is madeNGroup pixel is found in respectivelyNA vision area, whereinNFor positive integer；
SS4. grating parameter and the raster unit for designing one-dimensional grating are long to the inclination angle of opposite observer's double vision line of centresθ, knot
The ability that display device projects differing images to observer's binocular respectively is closed, one-dimensional grating is made to be divided to be formed in vision area in the presence of correspondence
The left pupil of observer, the left view district's groups that are made of two or more vision areas, each vision area respective pixel goes out in the left view district's groups
Irradiating light beam can incident left pupil, there is also the corresponding right pupil of observer, the right vision area group that is made of two or more vision areas,
Each vision area respective pixel outgoing beam can incident right pupil in the right vision area group；
SS5. it is taken respectively in each vision area of left view district's groups and correspond to viewpoint as the vision area, distinguished in right each vision area of vision area group
It takes and to correspond to viewpoint as the vision area；
SS6. each pixel on the corresponding display screen of left and right vision area group, respectively viewpoint loads view information in corresponding vision area relatively；
SS7. at next time pointt+l×∆t+∆t, repeat step SS2~SS6.
In a preferred embodiment, step SS5 is specifically included: make the line of left and right two excessively left and right pupils respectively,
It is respectively designated as left and right viewpoint position line, point in left view point position line is taken to be used as the vision area respectively in each vision area of left view district's groups
Corresponding viewpoint takes point in right viewpoint position line that the vision area is used as to correspond to viewpoint, and same view respectively in right each vision area of vision area group
Adjacent two vision area corresponds to viewpoint spacing less than or equal to observer's pupil diameter in district's groups.
It is understood that choosing each vision area by way of making left and right viewpoint position line and corresponding to viewpoint and be only
One of preferred embodiment.Other embodiments can be the neighbouring viewing zones spacing in same vision area group and be less than or equal to sight
Viewpoint is directly selected in each vision area under the premise of the person's of examining pupil diameter.
In a preferred embodiment, above-mentioned 3 D displaying method is divided by one-dimensional grating, makes to show
On screenNGroup pixel is found in respectivelyNOne in a vision area, the 3 D displaying method further include time division multiplexing step, this when
Point de-multiplexing steps the following steps are included:
P1. at time pointt+l×∆t, determine the spatial position of observer's pupil based on step SS2, and using step SS4,
The grating parameter of the determined one-dimensional grating of SS5, raster unit are long to the inclination angle of opposite observer's double vision line of centresθ, the left side
Right vision area group and its corresponding viewpoint, numberNGroup pixel andNA vision area makes pixel groupnCorresponding vision arean, left and right vision area group is corresponding
Each pixel on display screen loads view information relative to viewpoint in respective corresponding vision area, whereinl、nFor natural number, 1≤n≤N；
P2. at time pointt+l×∆tTo time pointt+l×∆t+∆tBetween time pointt+l×∆t+k×∆t/N, put down
One-dimensional grating is moved, pixel group is madenEach pixel existsn+k≤NWhen be vision arean+kIt is interior visual,n+k>NWhen be vision arean+k-NIt is interior can
Depending on, each pixel on the corresponding display screen of left and right vision area group, respectively viewpoint loads view information in corresponding vision area relatively, whereinkFor
Natural number, 1≤k≤N-1；
P3. at time pointt+l×∆tAnd time pointt+l×∆t+∆tBetween,N- 1 intervalt/NTime point portion
Divide or all, executes step P2 respectively.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: control can also be passed through even if neighbouring viewing zones spacing is larger
Neighbouring viewing zones boundary realizes that two view of monocular is presented at each mesh pupil of observer, or in the small-pitch feelings in neighbouring viewing zones
Under condition, directly it is divided by one-dimensional grating and realizes that monocular multiple view is presented；For observer's binocular, though neighbouring viewing zones spacing compared with
It is small, the angle relative to binocular line direction can also be moved towards by design raster unit, it is only (small by the small spacing of limited quantity
In pupil diameter) vision area can cover observer's binocular, or other binocular differing images grenade instrumentations is combined to realize comfortably
Binocular three-dimensional vision present.Further, the present invention improves display resolution by time division multiplexing, further improves display
Effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 be the embodiment of the present invention by two vision area adjacent part areas realize that monocular dual-view is presented based on grating
The realization principle schematic diagram of 3 D displaying method.
Fig. 2 is three based on grating that the embodiment of the present invention passes through that single pupil realizes the presentation of monocular multiple view across multiple vision areas
Tie up the realization principle schematic diagram of display methods.
Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the present invention in conjunction with the binocular differing images grenade instrumentation based on grating, adjacent by two vision areas
Realize the realization principle schematic diagram for the 3 D displaying method based on grating that monocular dual-view is presented in partial region.
Fig. 4 is the embodiment of the present invention in conjunction with the binocular differing images grenade instrumentation based on grating, more by single pupil leap
A vision area realizes the realization principle schematic diagram for the 3 D displaying method based on grating that monocular multiple view is presented.
Specific embodiment
In the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further details.Being given for example only property of attached drawing is said
It is bright, it should not be understood as the limitation to this patent；In order to better illustrate this embodiment, the certain components of attached drawing have omission, amplification or
It reduces, does not represent the size of actual product；To those skilled in the art, certain known features and its explanation in attached drawing
May omit will be understood by.
Embodiment 1
The present invention is a kind of to be divided display screen matrix outgoing beam using one-dimensional grating based on the 3 D displaying method of grating.
Set one-dimensional grating before display screen along display screen emergent ray transmission direction, the one-dimensional grating to display screen matrix outgoing beam into
Row light splitting, makes different groups of pixels be found in different vision areas, vision area 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 and 9 as shown in Figure 1 respectively.One-dimensional light
The grating parameter of grid makes neighbouring viewing zones along the long spacing to vertical direction of raster unitdLarger, observer's pupil can not cover completely
One complete vision area of lid.At time pointt+l×∆t(lFor natural number), by tracing and positioning, determine observer's double vision space
Position.Double vision position according to the observation, grating parameter and the raster unit for designing one-dimensional grating are long into opposite observer's double vision
The inclination angle of heart lineθ, so that one-dimensional grating is divided two neighbouring viewing zones to be formed in vision area and there is the corresponding left pupil of observer, as shown in figure 1
Vision area 3 and vision area 4, through their adjacent sections regions, vision area 3 and 4 respective pixel of vision area all can be observer's left eye institutes
It observes, which, which respectively corresponds, is named as left view area 3 and left view area 4；There is also other two of the corresponding right pupil of observer
Neighbouring viewing zones, vision area 6 and vision area 7 as shown in figure 1, through their adjacent sections regions, 7 respective pixel of vision area 6 and vision area
Observed by thinking observer's right eye, which, which respectively corresponds, is named as right vision area 6 and right vision area 7.Left view area 3 and left view area
4 composition left view district's groups, right vision area 6 and right vision area 7 form right vision area group.It crosses left pupil and right pupil does two lines respectively, name respectively
For left and right viewpoint position line, as shown in Figure 1.Corresponding viewpoint (being respectively designated as left view point 3 and 4) is taken in each vision area of left view district's groups
In in position line, taken in right each vision area of vision area group corresponding viewpoint (being respectively designated as right viewpoint 6 and 7) in position line, and it is same
The corresponding two viewpoint spacing of vision area group are less than or equal to observer's pupil diameterD e .Each viewpoint position line of Fig. 1 corresponds to pupil to be respective excessively
The straight line in hole, taken left view point 3 and left view point 4 are in left pupil, and right viewpoint 6 and right viewpoint 7 are in right pupil.Each viewpoint positioning
Line was actually also possible to respectively correspond to the curve of pupil, this is also applied for following embodiment.Further, in practical system
It is left and right pupil spacing along binocular line direction spacing although above-mentioned viewpoint position line is also possible to only left and right pupil in system
Two lines, only under the design, the deviation on some scale can occur for the position of display space luminous point.The viewpoint position line
Extended attribute be also applied for following embodiment.The method that the viewpoint determines can not also use viewpoint position line, such as left
Each vision area corresponds to viewpoint in right vision area group, is chosen for a bit in the vision area and observer's pupil overlapping region, this is also applied for
Following embodiment.The load of corresponding pixel with left view point 3 is the view of viewpoint on a display screen in left view area 3, and left view area 4 is aobvious
Corresponding pixel load is the view of viewpoint with left view point 4 in display screen, and corresponding pixel is loaded with the right side right vision area 6 on a display screen
Viewpoint 6 is the view of viewpoint, and the load of corresponding pixel with right viewpoint 7 is the view of viewpoint to right vision area 7 on a display screen.Observer
Each pupil will receive two width views respectively, by the space overlapping of the two width view emergent ray, form true space luminous point
Distribution, realize can monocular focus space luminous point present.At next time point, the above process is similarly executed, is so repeated, it can
Depending on realizing that the three-dimensional scenic of comfortable vision is presented.In the present embodiment, the display screen of pixel optical information is presented, either having true
The display of real display pixel, such asOLEDDisplay, liquid crystal display etc. are also possible to the display surface of other forms, such as
The curtain etc. of reflection or transmittive projector projection image.
Embodiment 2
The present invention is a kind of to be divided display screen matrix outgoing beam using one-dimensional grating based on the 3 D displaying method of grating.
Set one-dimensional grating before display screen along display screen emergent ray transmission direction, the one-dimensional grating to display screen matrix outgoing beam into
Row light splitting, makes different groups of pixels be found in different vision areas, vision area 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 and 9 as shown in Figure 2 respectively.One-dimensional light
The grating parameter of grid makes neighbouring viewing zones along the long spacing to vertical direction of raster unitdLess than observer's pupil diameterD e , the feelings
As long as the pupil under condition within the scope of vision area is in vision area distribution, it can and two or more vision areas are at least partly
Region overlapping.At time pointt+l×∆t(lFor natural number), by tracing and positioning, determine observer's double vision spatial position.According to
The grating parameter and long the inclining to opposite observer's double vision line of centres of raster unit of one-dimensional grating are designed in observer's double vision position
Angleθ, left view that is non-overlapping, being covered each by observer's left pupil and right pupil can be grouped by so that one-dimensional grating is divided formed vision area
District's groups and right vision area group.As in Fig. 2 vision area 1,2 and 3 form left view district's groups, each vision area respectively correspond be named as left view area 1,
Left view area 2 and left view area 3；The right vision area group that vision area 6,7 and 8 forms, each vision area, which respectively corresponds, is named as right vision area 6, right view
Area 7 and right vision area 8.It crosses left pupil and right pupil does two lines respectively, be respectively designated as left and right viewpoint position line, as shown in Figure 2.Respectively
Take point in left view point position line that the vision area is used as to correspond to viewpoint in left view area, such as the left view point 1,2 and 3 in Fig. 2；In each right vision area
Take point in right viewpoint position line that the vision area is used as to correspond to viewpoint, such as the right viewpoint 6,7 and 8 in Fig. 2.Then left view area 1 is in display screen
Upper respective pixel load is the view of viewpoint with left view point 1；Respective pixel load with left view point 2 is on a display screen in left view area 2
The view of viewpoint；Respective pixel load with left view point 3 is the view of viewpoint on a display screen in left view area 3；Right vision area 6 is in display screen
Upper respective pixel load is the view of viewpoint with right viewpoint 6；Respective pixel load with right viewpoint 7 is right vision area 7 on a display screen
The view of viewpoint；Respective pixel load with right viewpoint 8 is the view of viewpoint to right vision area 8 on a display screen.In this case, left,
Right pupil will be respectively received three width views, by the space overlapping of the three width view emergent ray, form true space luminous point
Distribution, realize can monocular focus space luminous point present.During being somebody's turn to do, there is the other and nonoverlapping vision area in pupil space,
Such as the vision area 4,5 and 9 in Fig. 2.According to their spatial position, they can also incorporate that similar vision area group into respectively,
Be extended the spatial dimension of each vision area group, as in Fig. 2 vision area 4 incorporate into left view district's groups and by correspondence be named as left view area 4, vision area
5 and 9 incorporate right vision area group into and are named as right vision area 5 and right vision area 9 by correspondence, then determine according to the above method corresponding viewpoint and into
Image load in row respective pixel.This have the advantage that being no more than space model in each purpose moving range of observer
When enclosing the area of space of the correspondence vision area group expanded, it can no longer need to determine observer's double vision space bit by tracing and positioning
It sets.At next time point, the above process is similarly executed, is so repeated, visually realizes that the three-dimensional scenic of comfortable vision is presented.This
In embodiment, the display screen of pixel optical information is presented, either the display with true display pixel, such asOLEDDisplay
Device, liquid crystal display etc. are also possible to the display surface of other forms, for example reflection or transmittive projector project the curtain of image
Deng.
Embodiment 3
A kind of 3 D displaying method based on grating of the present invention is used with the energy for projecting differing images respectively to observer's binocular
The display device of power is image-input device.What the image-input device realized binocular differing images by light splitting technology is in
Now, for example the intrinsic grating by being attached to image-input device display screen is divided.The view that these image-input devices generate
Area is named as the intrinsic vision area of image-input device, such as the intrinsic vision area 1,2,3,4 and 5 of image-input device, different images in Fig. 3
It can receive the image that different group pixels are shown on display screen in the intrinsic vision area of input unit.Then along display screen emergent ray
Transmission direction sets one-dimensional grating before display screen, which is divided display screen matrix outgoing beam, along one-dimensional light
The long Xiang Chuixiang of the raster unit of grid makes different groups of pixels be found in different vision areas, vision area 1,2,3 and 4 as shown in Figure 3 respectively.One
Tieing up grating, to form vision area long to the length with the intrinsic vision area of image-input device to not in the same direction.The grating of one-dimensional grating
Parameter makes neighbouring viewing zones along the long spacing to vertical direction of raster unitdIt is larger, observer's pupil can not be completely covered one it is complete
Whole vision area.At time pointt+l×∆t(lFor natural number), by tracing and positioning, determine observer's double vision spatial position.According to
The grating parameter and long the inclining to opposite observer's double vision line of centres of raster unit of one-dimensional grating are designed in observer's double vision position
Angleθ, so that one-dimensional grating is divided two neighbouring viewing zones to be formed in vision area and there is the corresponding left pupil of observer, such as the vision area 2 and view in Fig. 3
Area 3, through their adjacent each section regions, in the case where not considering the intrinsic vision area of image-input device, their respective pixels
It all can be observed by observer's right and left eyes.But due to the presence of the intrinsic vision area of image-input device, vision area 2, vision area 3 and figure
Observed by being only observer's left eye as the common respective pixel of the intrinsic vision area 2 of input unit, wherein vision area 2 and input unit are solid
The region correspondence for having vision area 2 to collectively cover is named as left view area 2, the region that vision area 3 and the intrinsic vision area 2 of input unit collectively cover
Correspondence is named as left view area 3；Vision area 2, vision area 3 and the common respective pixel of the intrinsic vision area 5 of image-input device are only observer
Observed by right eye, the region correspondence that wherein vision area 2 and the intrinsic vision area 5 of input unit collectively cover is named as right vision area 2, vision area
3 and the intrinsic vision area 5 of input unit collectively cover region correspondence be named as right vision area 3.Each left view area or right vision area are in display screen
Upper respective pixel is not overlapped mutually, can show image respectively.At this point, left view area 2 and left view area 3 is enabled to form left view district's groups, right view
Area 2 and right vision area 3 form right vision area group.Tu3Zhong left view area 2 and right vision area 2 are the difference that one-dimensional grating is divided the vision area 2 to be formed
Part, left view area 3 and right vision area 3 are the different piece that one-dimensional grating is divided the vision area 3 to be formed.When change inclination angleθWhen value,
The vision area of left and right vision area group can not exclusively belong to one-dimensional grating in pairs and be divided the same vision area to be formed.Cross left pupil
Do two lines respectively with right pupil, be respectively designated as left and right viewpoint position line, respectively with each vision area of left view district's groups, right vision area group
Each vision area intersection, as shown in Figure 3.It is taken in each vision area of left view district's groups in left view point position line and the point in left pupil is used as and is somebody's turn to do
Vision area corresponds to viewpoint, such as the left view point 2 and left view point 3 in Fig. 3；It takes in right viewpoint position line and locates in right each vision area of vision area group
Viewpoint is corresponded to as the vision area in the point in right pupil, such as the right viewpoint 2 and right viewpoint 3 in Fig. 3.Then 2 respective pixel of left view area is thrown
Penetrate the view of corresponding left view point 2；The view of the right corresponding right viewpoint 2 of 2 respective pixel of vision area projection.Equally, 3 respective pixel of left view area
Project the view of corresponding left view point 3；The view of the right corresponding right viewpoint 3 of 3 respective pixel of vision area projection.Then each pupil of observer will divide
Although the space overlapping from the two width view emergent ray forms true space luminous point distribution, and realization can to two width views
The space luminous point that monocular focuses is presented.At next time point, the above process is similarly executed, is so repeated, it is visual to realize comfortably
The three-dimensional scenic of vision is presented.In this example, when the position of observer's pupil vision area intrinsic across adjacent image input unit,
The adjacent intrinsic vision area of two image-input devices is equivalent to the intrinsic vision area of synthesis, an image in effect and the above process
The intrinsic vision area of input unit is equivalent, can be equivalent to the intrinsic vision area of image-input device in above process, same side
Method carries out the determination of left and right vision area, the determination of corresponding viewpoint and the information load of respective pixel.In the present embodiment, pixel is presented
The display screen of optical information, either the display with true display pixel, such asOLEDDisplay, liquid crystal display etc.,
It is also possible to the display surface of other forms, such as reflection or the curtain etc. for projecting projector image.
In the present embodiment, if image-input device generate intrinsic vision area be obtained by the method for timing, such as
The timing transformation being directed toward by directive property backlight generates, then is identical in the corresponding pixel space of the intrinsic vision area of each image-input device
, but they are emitted optical information and are pointed to the intrinsic vision area of different image-input devices in different times.At this point, the above process
Although the setting method of Zhong Ge left view area or each right vision area is still likewise, spatially there is coincidence in each respective pixel
May, but can occur by temporal dislocation, equally realize the presentation of each viewpoint respective view.
Embodiment 4
A kind of 3 D displaying method based on grating of the present invention is used with the energy for projecting differing images respectively to observer's binocular
The display device of power is image-input device.The image-input device is the intrinsic grating by being attached to input unit display screen
It is divided.The vision area that these image-input devices generate, is named as the intrinsic vision area of image-input device, such as the image in Fig. 4
Input unit intrinsic vision area 1,2,3,4 and 5 can receive different groups on display screen in the intrinsic vision area of different images input unit
The image that pixel is shown.One-dimensional grating is set before display screen along display screen emergent ray transmission direction, along the grating of one-dimensional grating
The long Xiang Chuixiang of unit, the one-dimensional grating make different groups of pixels be found in different vision areas, vision area 1,2,3 and 4 as shown in Figure 4 respectively.
It is long to the length with the intrinsic vision area of image-input device to not in the same direction that one-dimensional grating forms vision area.One-dimensional grating is formed
Neighbouring viewing zones, along the long spacing to vertical direction of raster unitdLess than observer's pupil diameterD e .At time pointt+l×∆t
(lFor natural number), by tracing and positioning, determine observer's double vision spatial position.One-dimensional light is designed in double vision position according to the observation
The grating parameter and raster unit of grid are long to the inclination angle of opposite observer's double vision line of centresθ, one-dimensional grating is made to be divided to form view
The left pupil of observer can receive the light of their respective pixels outgoing by least two vision areas in area, such as the vision area 2 in Fig. 4,3 and
Vision area 4, and the common respective pixel of the intrinsic vision area 2 of image-input device all can be observed by observer's left eyes, wherein regarding
The region that area 2 and the intrinsic vision area 2 of input unit collectively cover is named as left view area 2, and vision area 3 and the intrinsic vision area 2 of input unit are total
Region with covering is named as left view area 3, and the region that vision area 4 and the intrinsic vision area 2 of input unit collectively cover is named as left view area
4；Equally, the right pupil of observer can also receive the light of their respective pixels outgoing by least two vision areas, such as the vision area in Fig. 4
2,3 and vision area 4, and the common respective pixel of the intrinsic vision area 5 of image-input device all can be observed by observer's right eye,
The region that middle vision area 2 and the intrinsic vision area 5 of input unit collectively cover is named as right vision area 2, vision area 3 and the intrinsic vision area of input unit
5 regions collectively covered are named as right vision area 3, and the region that vision area 4 and the intrinsic vision area 5 of input unit collectively cover is named as right view
Area 4.It can receive the image that different respective pixel groups are shown in each left view area or right vision area respectively.At this point, enable left view area 2,
Left view area 3 and left view area 4 form left view district's groups, and right vision area 2, right vision area 3 and right vision area 4 form right vision area group.Tu4Zhong left view area
2 and right vision area 2 belong to one-dimensional grating and be divided the vision area 2 to be formed, left view area 3 and right vision area 3 belong to one-dimensional grating and are divided to be formed
Vision area 3, left view area 4 and right vision area 4 belong to one-dimensional grating and are divided the vision area 4 to be formed.Work as inclination angleθWhen value changes, left and right vision area
The composition vision area of group can not exclusively belong to one-dimensional grating in pairs and be divided the same vision area to be formed.Cross left pupil and right pupil
Two lines are done respectively, are respectively designated as left and right viewpoint position line, as shown in Figure 4.Left view point location is taken in each vision area of left view district's groups
Point corresponds to viewpoint as the vision area on line, such as left view point 2, left view point 3 and the left view point 4 in Fig. 4, in right vision area group in each vision area
Take point in right viewpoint position line that the vision area is used as to correspond to viewpoint, such as right viewpoint 2, right viewpoint 3 and the right viewpoint 4 in Fig. 4.Then left view
The respective pixel on a display screen of area 2 projects respective view to left view point 2；Right vision area 2 respective pixel on a display screen, regards to the right
2 projection respective view of point.Other left view areas or right vision area respective pixel are by same principle progress information load.Then observer's is each
Pupil will receive three width views respectively, by the space overlapping of the three width view emergent ray, form true space luminous point distribution,
Realize can monocular focus space luminous point present.During being somebody's turn to do, in the intrinsic vision area of image-input device where pupil, there is also
The vision area that other and pupil space does not overlap, such as the vision area 1 in Fig. 4.It is filled with image input where left and right pupil respectively
The overlapping region of intrinsic vision area is set, left view district's groups or right vision area group can also be incorporated into respectively, and correspondence is named as 1 He of left view area
Then right vision area 1 determines corresponding viewpoint according to the above method and carries out the image load in respective pixel.The benefit done so exists
In, can not when each purpose moving range of observer is no more than the spatial dimension of the intrinsic vision area of correspondence image input unit
Need to determine observer's double vision spatial position again by tracing and positioning.And further, the intrinsic vision area of input unit and one-dimensional
Grating forms vision area combination of two, and the common respective pixel of each group collectively covers in region both relative to them to be taken according to the above method
When viewpoint carries out view information load, observer is moved to different location, and binocular all can receive corresponding multiple views
Figure realizes monocular Multi-view display in the case where being not necessarily to tracing and positioning.At next time point, the above process is similarly executed,
It so repeats, visually realizes that the three-dimensional scenic of comfortable vision is presented.In this example, when the position of observer's pupil is across neighbor map
When vision area intrinsic as input unit, which is equivalent to the intrinsic vision area of synthesis, makees
It is equal with an intrinsic vision area of image-input device in the above process, an image input can be equivalent in above process
The intrinsic vision area of device, the determination, the determination of corresponding viewpoint and the information of respective pixel that same method carries out left and right vision area add
It carries.In the present embodiment, the display screen of pixel optical information is presented, either the display with true display pixel, such asOLEDDisplay, liquid crystal display etc. are also possible to the display surface of other forms, for example reflection or transmittive projector project image
Curtain etc..
In the present embodiment, if image-input device generate intrinsic vision area be obtained by the method for timing, such as
The timing transformation being directed toward by directive property backlight generates, then is identical in the corresponding pixel space of the intrinsic vision area of each image-input device
, but they are emitted optical information and are pointed to the intrinsic vision area of different image-input devices in different times.At this point, the above process
Although the setting method of Zhong Ge left view area or each right vision area is still likewise, spatially there is coincidence in each respective pixel
May, but can occur by temporal dislocation, equally realize the presentation of each viewpoint respective view.
Embodiment 5
A kind of 3 D displaying method based on grating of the present invention is used with the energy for projecting differing images respectively to observer's binocular
The display device of power is image-input device.The image-input device is presented to observer's binocular different respectively by equivalent double screen
View.Such as in wear-type virtual reality/enhancing display technology, two displays are shown respectively by corresponding eyepiece and are put
To two eyes of observer, the amplification virtual image of two displays coincides on the virtual image face as display screen big image
One common region, the display screen play the function of equivalent double screen, two equivalent screen is respectively that the amplification of two displays is empty
Respective view is presented to observer's binocular respectively in picture；Such as shutter glass type three-dimensional display system, by shutter glasses when
Sequence switch, display screen timing show different images to the different eyes of observer, although the image being seen binocularly with both from
The display screen, but they are separation in time, therefore the display screen is the equivalent double screen of timing separation, two equivalent screen
Respective view is presented to observer's binocular in the screen respectively on display screen two neighboring time point, timing respectively；Such as polarisation
Spectacle three-dimensional display system, the mutually orthogonal image of two projector transmission-polarizing states gives curtain (i.e. display screen), through polarisation
Glasses reflect respectively or are transmitted to the left and right eyes of observer, which has the function of equivalent double screen, two equivalent screen
For projection of two projectors on curtain.Similar equivalent double screen, each equivalent screen are projected to observer's binocular respectively respectively
Image-input device corresponding to correspondence image, the corresponding equivalent screen of the left purpose of observer and the corresponding equivalent screen of the right purpose of observer is solid
There is vision area, be spatially separated, is respectively designated as the intrinsic vision area of left and right image-input device.In this case, it is similar to embodiment
3 and 4, it can be based on same method and process, realize monocular multiple view (including dual-view) Three-dimensional Display.Its difference is,
In the present embodiment, it is intrinsic that the intrinsic vision area of image-input device illustrated in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 becomes only left and right image-input device
Two vision areas of vision area, and it is covered each by the left mesh of observer and right mesh, respective pixel comes from different equivalent screen.Using embodiment 3
Or 4 the methods, determine each left and right vision area and corresponding viewpoint, monocular Multi-view display can be realized in row information of going forward side by side load.
Embodiment 6
Method described in embodiment 1 describes any one time pointt+l×∆tWhen (lFor natural number), by one-dimensional grating into
The method of row Three-dimensional Display, the effect of one-dimensional grating is to make on display screen by light splitting during implementingN(NIt is positive whole
Number) group (pixel group 1, pixel group 2 ..., pixel groupn..., pixel groupN) pixel is found in respectivelyNA vision area (vision area 1, depending on
Area 2 ..., vision arean..., vision areaN).Here the present embodiment is based in embodiment 1(embodiment 1N=9) when, illustrating to pass through introducing
Divide multiplexing, the resolution ratio of view received by viewpoint can be improved.
At time pointt+l×∆t(lFor natural number), after determining observer's double vision position, according to 1 the method for embodiment,
Grating parameter and the raster unit for adjusting one-dimensional grating are long to the inclination angle of opposite observer's double vision line of centresθ, and determination is left and right
Vision area group and its each vision area corresponds to viewpoint.Then one-dimensional grating is divided generation vision area and respective pixel group is numbered, made
Pixel groupn(natural number 1≤n≤N) correspond to vision arean, each pixel is respectively relative to the viewpoint load light letter in respectively corresponding vision area
Breath.At time pointt+l×∆tTo time pointt+l×∆t+∆tBetween time pointt+l×∆t+k×∆t/N, translate light
Grid make pixel groupnEach pixel existsn+k≤NWhen be vision arean+kIt is interior visual,?n+k>NWhen be vision arean+k-NIt is interior visual, whereink
For natural number, 1≤k≤N-1.For example, at time pointt+l×∆t+k×∆t/N=t+l×∆t+1×∆t/NGrating is translated,
The pixel group 1 of display screen is visual in one-dimensional grating vision area 2, and the pixel group 2 of display screen is visual in one-dimensional grating vision area 3, shows
The pixel group 3 of display screen through one-dimensional grating be in vision area 4 it is visual, the pixel group 4 of display screen through one-dimensional grating be in vision area 5 it is visual,
For the pixel group 5 of display screen through one-dimensional grating to be visual in vision area 6, the pixel group 6 of display screen is through one-dimensional grating can in vision area 7
Depending on for the pixel group 7 of display screen through one-dimensional grating to be visual in vision area 8, the pixel group 8 of display screen is in vision area 9 through one-dimensional grating
Visually, the pixel group 9 of display screen is visual in vision area 1 through one-dimensional grating.In this process, one-dimensional grating is divided to form each vision area
Spatial distribution does not change, but its corresponding pixel group is changed on a display screen.In this way, respectively being regarded in left view district's groups
In the case that the spatial position and respective corresponding viewpoint of area and right each vision area of vision area group remain unchanged, corresponding pixel also occurs
Variation.Then each vision area corresponds to new pixel in left and right vision area group, using the viewpoint in the vision area as viewpoint, carries out view load, i.e.,
The display of monocular multiple view can be achieved.It is subsequent witht/NFor interval (N- 2) a time point similarly carries out the translation of grating
It is loaded with optical information, whentWhen sufficiently small, view-based access control model be detained, the view that observer's eyes are received in each viewpoint, be all byNThe pixel timing synthesis of group pixel group increases when resolution ratio is corresponded to not using time division multiplexing operationN- 1 times.Below
EachtInterior, above process operation similarly carries out.At eachtThe time division multiplexing period in,NIt is at/NFor interval
On time point, part-time point can be without aforesaid operations, and the operation content in the period between different time points can be right
It changes.
The present embodiment is the time division multiplexing operation carried out based on embodiment 1, which also similarly can be applied to above-mentioned
Embodiment 2-5.
Time division multiplexing described in the present embodiment can also answer expanded application in other grating style three-dimension display technologies, such as existing
It is having, project the multiview three-dimensional display technology that a width corresponds to two dimension view respectively to observer's binocular.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited to this, all to utilize this structure
Think the insubstantial modifications made to the present invention, also falls within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of 3 D displaying method based on grating, which comprises the following steps:
S1. at time pointt+l×∆t, by tracing and positioning, determine observer's double vision spatial position, whereinlFor natural number；
S2. along the display screen emergent ray transmission direction that pixel optical information is presented, one-dimensional grating is set before display screen, this is one-dimensional
Grating is divided display screen matrix outgoing beam, makesNGroup pixel is found in respectivelyNA vision area, whereinNFor positive integer；
S3. grating parameter and the raster unit for designing one-dimensional grating are long to the inclination angle of opposite observer's double vision line of centresθ, make
One-dimensional grating is divided to form in vision area left view area there is the corresponding left pupil of observer, being made of two or more vision areas
Group, in the left view district's groups each vision area respective pixel outgoing beam can incident left pupil, there is also the corresponding right pupil of observer, by two
The right vision area group of a or more than two vision areas composition, each vision area respective pixel outgoing beam can be incident right in the right vision area group
Pupil；
S4. it is taken respectively in each vision area of left view district's groups and to correspond to viewpoint as the vision area, taken respectively in right each vision area of vision area group
Point corresponds to viewpoint as the vision area；
S5. each pixel on the corresponding display screen of left and right vision area group, respectively viewpoint loads view information in corresponding vision area relatively；
S6. at next time pointt+l×∆t+∆t, repeat step S1~S5.
2. a kind of 3 D displaying method based on grating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step S4 includes: to make
The line of left and right two excessively left and right pupils respectively, is respectively designated as left and right viewpoint position line, takes left view in each vision area of left view district's groups
Point on point location line corresponds to viewpoint as the vision area, and taking the point in right viewpoint position line to be used as in right each vision area of vision area group should
Vision area corresponds to viewpoint, and adjacent two vision area corresponds to viewpoint spacing less than or equal to observer's pupil diameter in same vision area group.
3. according to claim 1 to a kind of 2 described in any item 3 D displaying methods based on grating, which is characterized in that described
3 D displaying method is divided by one-dimensional grating, makes display screenNGroup pixel is found in respectivelyNOne in a vision area, institute
State 3 D displaying method further include time division multiplexing step, the time division multiplexing step the following steps are included:
P1. at time pointt+l×∆t, the spatial position of observer's pupil is determined based on step S1, and use step S3, S4 institute
Determine that grating parameter, the raster unit of one-dimensional grating are long to the inclination angle of opposite observer's double vision line of centresθ, the left and right vision area
Group and its each vision area correspond to viewpoint, numberNGroup pixel andNA vision area makes pixel groupnCorresponding vision arean, left and right vision area group is corresponding
Each pixel on display screen, respectively viewpoint loads view information in corresponding vision area relatively, whereinl、nFor natural number, and 1≤n≤N；
P2. at time pointt+l×∆tTo time pointt+l×∆t+∆tBetween time pointt+l×∆t+k×∆t/N, put down
One-dimensional grating is moved, pixel group is madenEach pixel existsn+k≤NWhen be vision arean+kIt is interior visual,?n+k>NWhen be vision arean+k-NIt is interior can
Depending on, each pixel on the corresponding display screen of left and right vision area group, respectively viewpoint loads view information in corresponding vision area relatively, whereinkFor
Natural number, 1≤k≤N-1；
P3. at time pointt+l×∆tAnd time pointt+l×∆t+∆tBetween,N- 1 intervalt/NTime point portion
Divide or all, executes step P2 respectively.
4. a kind of 3 D displaying method based on grating, which comprises the following steps:
SS1. it uses to have to observer's binocular and projects the display device of differing images ability respectively as image-input device, be somebody's turn to do
Display device includes the display screen of carrying pixel optical information；
SS2. at time pointt+l×∆t, by tracing and positioning, determine observer's double vision spatial position, whereinlFor natural number；
SS3. one-dimensional grating is set before display screen along display screen emergent ray transmission direction, the one-dimensional grating is to display screen matrix
Outgoing beam is divided, and display screen is madeNGroup pixel is found in respectivelyNA vision area, whereinNFor positive integer；
SS4. grating parameter and the raster unit for designing one-dimensional grating are long to the inclination angle of opposite observer's double vision line of centresθ, knot
The ability that display device projects differing images to observer's binocular respectively is closed, one-dimensional grating is made to be divided to be formed in vision area in the presence of correspondence
The left pupil of observer, the left view district's groups that are made of two or more vision areas, each vision area respective pixel goes out in the left view district's groups
Irradiating light beam can incident left pupil, there is also the corresponding right pupil of observer, the right vision area group that is made of two or more vision areas,
Each vision area respective pixel outgoing beam can incident right pupil in the right vision area group；
SS5. it is taken respectively in each vision area of left view district's groups and correspond to viewpoint as the vision area, distinguished in right each vision area of vision area group
It takes and to correspond to viewpoint as the vision area；
SS6. each pixel on the corresponding display screen of left and right vision area group, respectively viewpoint loads view information in corresponding vision area relatively；
SS7. at next time pointt+l×∆t+∆t, repeat step SS2~SS6.
5. a kind of 3 D displaying method based on grating according to claim 4, which is characterized in that step SS5 includes: to make
The line of left and right two excessively left and right pupils respectively, is respectively designated as left and right viewpoint position line, takes left view in each vision area of left view district's groups
Point corresponds to viewpoint as the vision area on point location line, and point in right viewpoint position line is taken to be used as the vision area in right each vision area of vision area group
Corresponding viewpoint, and adjacent two vision area corresponds to viewpoint spacing less than or equal to observer's pupil diameter in same vision area group.
6. according to a kind of described in any item 3 D displaying methods based on grating of claim 4 to 5, which is characterized in that described
3 D displaying method is divided by one-dimensional grating, is made on display screenNGroup pixel is found in respectivelyNOne in a vision area,
WhereinNFor positive integer, the 3 D displaying method further includes time division multiplexing step, the time division multiplexing step the following steps are included:
P1. at time pointt+l×∆t, determine the spatial position of observer's pupil based on step SS2, and using step SS4,
The grating parameter of the determined one-dimensional grating of SS5, raster unit are long to the inclination angle of opposite observer's double vision line of centresθ, the left side
Right vision area group and its corresponding viewpoint, numberNGroup pixel andNA vision area makes pixel groupnCorresponding vision arean, left and right vision area group is corresponding
Each pixel on display screen loads view information relative to viewpoint in respective corresponding vision area, whereinl、nFor natural number, 1≤n≤N；
P2. at time pointt+l×∆tTo time pointt+l×∆t+∆tBetween time pointt+l×∆t+k×∆t/N, put down
One-dimensional grating is moved, pixel group is madenEach pixel existsn+k≤NWhen be vision arean+kIt is interior visual,n+k>NWhen be vision arean+k-NIt is interior can
Depending on, each pixel on the corresponding display screen of left and right vision area group, respectively viewpoint loads view information in corresponding vision area relatively, whereinkFor
Natural number, 1≤k≤N-1；
P3. at time pointt+l×∆tAnd time pointt+l×∆t+∆tBetween,N- 1 intervalt/NTime point portion
Divide or all, executes step P2 respectively.
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| US16/479,926 US11012673B2 (en) | 2018-01-12 | 2019-01-02 | Grating based three-dimentional display method for presenting more than one views to each pupil |
| PCT/CN2019/070029 WO2019137272A1 (en) | 2018-01-12 | 2019-01-02 | Grating based three-dimentional display method for presenting more than one views to each pupil |
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