CN109994819B - Antenna, antenna system and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Antenna, antenna system and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN109994819B CN109994819B CN201910228599.7A CN201910228599A CN109994819B CN 109994819 B CN109994819 B CN 109994819B CN 201910228599 A CN201910228599 A CN 201910228599A CN 109994819 B CN109994819 B CN 109994819B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
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Abstract
The invention discloses an antenna, an antenna system and an electronic device, wherein the antenna comprises: a first antenna element and a second antenna element; a closed branch structure for short circuit is arranged between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit; wherein the closed branch structure for short circuit is configured to conduct surface currents between the first antenna element and the second antenna element.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of antennas, and in particular, to an antenna, an antenna system, and an electronic device.
Background
In the communication era, antenna technology is adopted in electronic devices such as smart phones, tablet computers and notebook computers, but the requirements on antennas are higher and higher due to higher and higher integration and large screen size of the existing electronic devices.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, embodiments of the present invention are directed to an antenna, an antenna system and an electronic device, which can solve the above problems.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is realized as follows:
an embodiment of the present invention describes an antenna, including: a first antenna element and a second antenna element;
a closed branch structure for short circuit is arranged between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit;
wherein the closed branch structure for short circuit is configured to conduct surface currents between the first antenna element and the second antenna element.
An embodiment of the present invention further describes an antenna system, including:
the antenna is any one of the antennas;
a baseband module for processing a signal such that the signal is transmitted in a channel;
and the radio frequency module is used for converting the low-frequency signal transmitted from the baseband module into a high-frequency signal and converting the high-frequency signal transmitted from the antenna into a low-frequency signal for processing by the baseband module.
An embodiment of the present invention further describes an electronic device, including:
the antenna is any one of the antennas.
The antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises: a first antenna element and a second antenna element; a closed branch structure for short circuit is arranged between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit; wherein the closed branch structure for short-circuiting is used for guiding a surface current between the first antenna element and the second antenna element. Therefore, the space occupied by the antenna is reduced by the integrated design of the two antenna units, and the application of a multi-antenna system is facilitated; because a closed branch structure for short circuit is arranged between the two antenna units, the problems of mutual interference and isolation are solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-band dual antenna formed by integrating a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a dual-band dual antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic plan view of a dual-band dual antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a bent dual-band dual antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of various bent dual-band dual antennas according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
So that the manner in which the features and aspects of the embodiments of the present invention can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the embodiments of the invention, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to the embodiments, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
The first embodiment,
An embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna, as shown in fig. 1, the antenna includes: a first antenna element 101 and a second antenna element 102.
A closed branch structure for short circuit is provided between the first antenna element 101 and the second antenna element 102.
Wherein the closed branch structure for short-circuiting is used to guide the surface current between the first antenna element 101 and the second antenna element 102.
The antenna in the embodiment can be applied to mobile communication terminals such as smart phones, tablet computers and notebook computers. The antenna combination of 4x4 or 8x8 can be realized, and is particularly suitable for the MIMO communication system with a multi-antenna design, and the more the number of the applied antennas is, the more the system space is saved.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2, which is a schematic structural diagram of a first antenna unit, and fig. 3, which is a schematic structural diagram of a second antenna unit, the first antenna unit 101 and the second antenna unit 102 have the same structural composition, where the first antenna unit 101 may be duplicated in an asymmetric mirror manner to form the second antenna unit 102.
The first antenna element 101 may include: the first antenna and the ground branch integrating the second antenna, the second antenna unit 102 may include: a second antenna and a ground branch integrated with the first antenna.
The following describes the structural components of the first antenna element 101, taking the first antenna element 101 as an example:
referring to fig. 4, the first antenna is a single-feed dual-branch loop antenna, and excites resonances of different frequency bands by using a gap coupling feed manner, and the first antenna is provided with a feed point and a ground point, and includes two branches corresponding to different frequency bands, one of which is a high-frequency current branch and is a short branch, and the other of which is a low-frequency current branch and is a long branch; here, the long branch excites a quarter-wave loop antenna resonance at 2GHz, while the short branch excites a quarter-wave loop antenna resonance at 5.5GHz, with the meander design of the short-circuit branch allowing both low-and high-frequency loop antennas to share a short-circuit point connected to the ground plane.
In order to realize the integration of the two antenna units in the same space, a second grounding point is added in a manner of less influence, and the second grounding point is used as a basis for realizing the second antenna unit, that is, a grounding branch of the second antenna is integrated on the basis of the first antenna, as shown in fig. 2.
When the ground branch of the second antenna is integrated into the first antenna, a closed branch structure for short circuit is formed. Because a part of the loop antenna current of the low-frequency current branch of the first antenna flows to the grounding point of the second antenna, the effective electrical length is reduced, wherein the ratio of the physical length of the microstrip transmission line to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave is the electrical length, L (L on the horizontal line) is L/lambda, wherein lambda is the wavelength, and L is the physical length of the transmission line, the resonance frequency of the loop antenna with the quarter wavelength of the low-frequency current branch is increased to 2.5GHz to compensate the loss of the electrical length; for the high-frequency current branch, the grounding point of the grounding branch of the second antenna is far away, so that more high-frequency branch current does not flow into the grounding point of the second antenna, the influence on high-frequency resonance is mainly reflected in that the area of the radiating metal is increased, and the area of the radiating metal is increased after coupling, so that matching and bandwidth are naturally improved.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the first antenna element 101 is provided with a feeding point and a grounding point, and the second antenna element 102 is provided with a feeding point and a grounding point. The first antenna element 101 and the second antenna element 102 are connected to each other by respective ground points to form a closed branch structure for short circuit, and a feeding point of the first antenna element 101 and a feeding point of the second antenna element 102 are disposed at both sides of the closed branch structure for short circuit.
By the integration of both the first antenna element 101 and the second antenna element 102, a dual-frequency dual antenna is formed, which includes two feeding points and two grounding points, as shown in fig. 5, where the integration of the two antenna elements can be achieved by connecting the respective grounding points of the two antenna elements to each other, i.e., overlapping the branch structures for short-circuit closed in the two antenna elements.
Wherein the closed branch structure for short-circuiting is used to guide the surface current between the first antenna element 101 and the second antenna element 102. By integrating the grounding points of the two antenna units, the two grounding points are distributed between the two feeding points, and a closed branch structure for short circuit is formed, so that after the antenna is excited, the surface current flowing into the feeding part of the other antenna unit through the grounding surface can be guided on the closed branch structure for short circuit, the influence on the other antenna unit is effectively reduced, and the isolation between the two antenna units is improved. Normally, there is no need for any connection or coupling contact between the two antenna elements, but the longer the distance is, the better the distance is, the mutual independent function is achieved, but in order to compress the space occupied by the two antenna elements, the two antenna elements are placed in the very close space to each other, their ground coupling branches are connected to the same ground plane, and the two antenna elements are very close to each other, so that the current paths of the two antenna elements are guided between the ground coupling branches of the two antenna elements through a specially designed closed structure, thereby reducing the mutual interference.
The first antenna unit 101 and the second antenna unit 102 have a length of about 22mm, and operate in a 2.5/5.5GHz band alone, with good performance and isolation less than 15 dB. After the closed branch structures for short circuit in the two antenna units are overlapped, the total length of the dual-frequency dual-antenna is only 27mm, and the space required by the antenna is greatly reduced by about 40%. In addition, because the closed branch structures for short circuit in the two antenna units can be mutually used as mutual isolation elements, two wave troughs with better isolation are respectively generated on the frequency bands of 2.5GHz and 5.5GHz in a current guiding mode, and the isolation between the two antenna units is not deteriorated due to the integration of the two antenna units.
According to the antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention, the two antenna units are compressed and integrated together, and the closed branch structure for short circuit is arranged between the two antenna units, so that the problems of mutual interference and isolation are solved; because two antenna units can be realized by only using the space of one antenna unit, a large amount of antenna space is saved for the whole machine system design, and the problem of the antenna arrangement position of the MIMO multi-antenna system is also simplified.
Example II,
An embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna, as shown in fig. 1, the antenna includes: a first antenna element 101 and a second antenna element 102.
A closed branch structure for short circuit is provided between the first antenna element 101 and the second antenna element 102.
Wherein the closed branch structure for short-circuiting is used to guide the surface current between the first antenna element 101 and the second antenna element 102.
The antenna in the embodiment can be applied to mobile communication terminals such as smart phones, tablet computers and notebook computers. The antenna combination of 4x4 or 8x8 can be realized, and is particularly suitable for the MIMO communication system with a multi-antenna design, and the more the number of the applied antennas is, the more the system space is saved.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2, which is a schematic structural diagram of a first antenna unit, and fig. 3, which is a schematic structural diagram of a second antenna unit, the first antenna unit 101 and the second antenna unit 102 have the same structural composition, where the first antenna unit 101 may be duplicated in an asymmetric mirror manner to form the second antenna unit 102.
The first antenna unit 101 may include a first antenna branch and a second antenna branch corresponding to different frequency bands; the second antenna unit 102 may include a third antenna branch and a fourth antenna branch corresponding to different frequency bands.
The length of the first antenna branch is greater than that of the second antenna branch, and the resonant frequency band of the first antenna branch is lower than that of the second antenna branch; the length of the third antenna branch is greater than that of the fourth antenna branch, and the resonant frequency band of the third antenna branch is lower than that of the fourth antenna branch.
The following describes the structural components of the first antenna element 101, taking the first antenna element 101 as an example:
referring to fig. 2, the first antenna unit 101 may include a first antenna branch and a second antenna branch corresponding to different frequency bands, where the first antenna branch may be a low-frequency current branch and a long branch, and the second antenna branch may be a high-frequency current branch and a short branch, where the long branch excites a quarter-wave loop antenna resonance at 2GHz, and the short branch excites a quarter-wave loop antenna resonance at 5.5GHz, and the short-circuit branches share a short-circuit point connected to the ground plane.
It is understood that the second antenna unit 102 may include a third antenna branch and a fourth antenna branch corresponding to different frequency bands, where the third antenna branch may be a low frequency current branch and a long branch, and the fourth antenna branch may be a high frequency current branch and a short branch.
The first antenna branch and the third antenna branch are provided with closed structures, and grounding points are arranged at two opposite ends of each closed structure; the first antenna branch and the third antenna branch are connected with each other through respective grounding points, so that the closed structures of the first antenna branch and the third antenna branch are overlapped and integrated to form a closed branch structure for short circuit. Here, the integration of the two antenna elements may be achieved by connecting the respective grounding points of the two antenna elements to each other, i.e. overlapping the branch structures for short-circuiting closed in the two antenna elements.
Wherein the closed branch structure for short-circuiting is used to guide the surface current between the first antenna element 101 and the second antenna element 102. By integrating the grounding points of the two antenna units, the two grounding points are distributed between the two feeding points, and a closed branch structure for short circuit is formed, so that after the antenna is excited, the surface current flowing into the feeding part of the other antenna unit through the grounding surface can be guided on the closed branch structure for short circuit, the influence on the other antenna unit is effectively reduced, and the isolation between the two antenna units is improved. Normally, there is no need for any connection or coupling contact between the two antenna elements, but the longer the distance is, the better the distance is, the mutual independent function is achieved, but in order to compress the space occupied by the two antenna elements, the two antenna elements are placed in the very close space to each other, their ground coupling branches are connected to the same ground plane, and the two antenna elements are very close to each other, so that the current paths of the two antenna elements are guided between the ground coupling branches of the two antenna elements through a specially designed closed structure, thereby reducing the mutual interference.
The first antenna unit 101 and the second antenna unit 102 have a length of about 22mm, and operate in a 2.5/5.5GHz band alone, with good performance and isolation less than 15 dB. After the closed branch structures for short circuit in the two antenna units are overlapped, the total length of the dual-frequency dual-antenna is only 27mm, and the space required by the antenna is greatly reduced by about 40%. In addition, because the closed branch structures for short circuit in the two antenna units can be mutually used as mutual isolation elements, two wave troughs with better isolation are respectively generated on the frequency bands of 2.5GHz and 5.5GHz in a current guiding mode, and the isolation between the two antenna units is not deteriorated due to the integration of the two antenna units.
According to the antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention, the two antenna units are compressed and integrated together, and the closed branch structure for short circuit is arranged between the two antenna units, so that the problems of mutual interference and isolation are solved; because two antenna units can be realized by only using the space of one antenna unit, a large amount of antenna space is saved for the whole machine system design, and the problem of the antenna arrangement position of the MIMO multi-antenna system is also simplified.
Example III,
An embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna, as shown in fig. 1, the antenna includes: a first antenna element 101 and a second antenna element 102.
A closed branch structure for short circuit is provided between the first antenna element 101 and the second antenna element 102.
Wherein the closed branch structure for short-circuiting is used to guide the surface current between the first antenna element 101 and the second antenna element 102.
The first antenna element 101 and the second antenna element 102 have a bent three-dimensional structure.
The antenna in the embodiment can be applied to mobile communication terminals such as smart phones, tablet computers and notebook computers. The antenna combination of 4x4 or 8x8 can be realized, and is particularly suitable for the MIMO communication system with a multi-antenna design, and the more the number of the applied antennas is, the more the system space is saved.
In some embodiments, the first antenna element 101 and the second antenna element 102 have a bent solid structure.
As shown in fig. 6, which is a schematic view of a three-dimensional structure of a dual-frequency dual antenna, and fig. 7 is a schematic view of a planar structure of a dual-frequency dual antenna, the total length of the dual-frequency dual antenna is only 27mm, the required space of the antenna is greatly reduced, which is about 40% reduced, and the dual-frequency dual antenna can be directly used in an environment with sufficient space.
Since the MIMO communication system adopted by 4G or 5G communication has forms of 4x4, 8x8(4/8 antennas for transmission and 4/8 antennas for reception), etc., the number of antennas needs 4, 8 or more, and the space for placing the antennas is a challenge to the system itself.
When the requirement on the thickness of the space is not enough, the dual-frequency dual antenna can be bent into the three-dimensional structure shown in fig. 8 by using the bent three-dimensional structures of the two antenna units, and can be placed in the space with the thickness of 2mm after being bent. Specifically, the dual-band dual-antenna perspective view of fig. 8 can be obtained by folding forward or backward by 90 degrees along one imaginary line in fig. 7 and folding by 90 degrees along the other imaginary line in the opposite direction, and viewing from the left or right side.
In addition, the volume of the dual-frequency dual-antenna can be further reduced or the requirement of the terminal device can be met by utilizing the bent three-dimensional structures of the two antenna units, as shown in fig. 9, and the application of a multi-antenna MIMO communication system can be met.
According to the antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention, the two antenna units are compressed and integrated together, and the closed branch structure for short circuit is arranged between the two antenna units, so that the problems of mutual interference and isolation are solved; the two antenna units can be realized by only using the space of one antenna unit, so that a large amount of antenna space is saved for the whole system design, and the problem of the antenna arrangement position of the MIMO multi-antenna system is also simplified; the antenna which is designed in an integrated mode is small in size and flexible in structure, can be realized in various planar or three-dimensional structural modes, and is beneficial to application of multi-antenna MIMO systems such as 4x4 and 8x 8.
Example four,
An embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna system, as shown in fig. 10, the system includes: antenna 1001, baseband module 1002, and radio frequency module 1003.
In some embodiments, the antenna 1001 includes: a first antenna element and a second antenna element.
A closed branch structure for short circuit is arranged between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit.
Wherein the closed branch structure for short-circuiting is used for guiding a surface current between the first antenna element and the second antenna element.
The baseband module 1002 is used for processing signals so that the signals are transmitted in a channel.
The rf module 1003 is configured to convert a low frequency signal transmitted from the baseband module 1002 into a high frequency signal, and convert a high frequency signal transmitted from the antenna 1001 into a low frequency signal for processing by the baseband module 1002.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2, which is a schematic structural diagram of a first antenna unit, and fig. 3, which is a schematic structural diagram of a second antenna unit, the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit have the same structural composition, and here, the first antenna unit may be duplicated in an asymmetric mirror image manner to form the second antenna unit.
The first antenna element may include: the first antenna and the ground branch integrating the second antenna, the second antenna unit may include: a second antenna and a ground branch integrated with the first antenna.
The following describes the structural components of the first antenna unit, taking the first antenna unit as an example:
referring to fig. 4, the first antenna is a single-feed dual-branch loop antenna, and excites resonances of different frequency bands by using a gap coupling feed manner, and the first antenna is provided with a feed point and a ground point, and includes two branches corresponding to different frequency bands, one of which is a high-frequency current branch and is a short branch, and the other of which is a low-frequency current branch and is a long branch; here, the long branch excites a quarter-wave loop antenna resonance at 2GHz, while the short branch excites a quarter-wave loop antenna resonance at 5.5GHz, with the meander design of the short-circuit branch allowing both low-and high-frequency loop antennas to share a short-circuit point connected to the ground plane.
In order to realize the integration of the two antenna units in the same space, a second grounding point is added in a manner of less influence, and the second grounding point is used as a basis for realizing the second antenna unit, that is, a grounding branch of the second antenna is integrated on the basis of the first antenna, as shown in fig. 2.
When the ground branch of the second antenna is integrated into the first antenna, a closed branch structure for short circuit is formed. Because a part of the loop antenna current of the low-frequency current branch of the first antenna flows to the grounding point of the second antenna, the effective electrical length is reduced, wherein the ratio of the physical length of the microstrip transmission line to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave is the electrical length, L (L on the horizontal line) is L/lambda, wherein lambda is the wavelength, and L is the physical length of the transmission line, the resonance frequency of the loop antenna with the quarter wavelength of the low-frequency current branch is increased to 2.5GHz to compensate the loss of the electrical length; for the high-frequency current branch, the grounding point of the grounding branch of the second antenna is far away, so that more high-frequency branch current does not flow into the grounding point of the second antenna, the influence on high-frequency resonance is mainly reflected in that the area of the radiating metal is increased, and the area of the radiating metal is increased after coupling, so that matching and bandwidth are naturally improved.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the first antenna element is provided with a feeding point and a grounding point, and the second antenna element is provided with a feeding point and a grounding point. The first antenna element and the second antenna element are connected to each other through respective ground points to form a closed branch structure for short-circuiting, and a feeding point of the first antenna element and a feeding point of the second antenna element are disposed at both sides of the closed branch structure for short-circuiting.
By the integration of both the first antenna element and the second antenna element, a dual-frequency dual antenna is formed, which, as shown in fig. 5, includes two feeding points and two grounding points, where the integration of the two antenna elements can be achieved by connecting the respective grounding points of the two antenna elements to each other, i.e., overlapping the branch structures for short-circuit closed in the two antenna elements.
Wherein the closed branch structure for short-circuiting is used for guiding a surface current between the first antenna element and the second antenna element. By integrating the grounding points of the two antenna units, the two grounding points are distributed between the two feeding points, and a closed branch structure for short circuit is formed, so that after the antenna is excited, the surface current flowing into the feeding part of the other antenna unit through the grounding surface can be guided on the closed branch structure for short circuit, the influence on the other antenna unit is effectively reduced, and the isolation between the two antenna units is improved. Normally, there is no need for any connection or coupling contact between the two antenna elements, but the longer the distance is, the better the distance is, the mutual independent function is achieved, but in order to compress the space occupied by the two antenna elements, the two antenna elements are placed in the very close space to each other, their ground coupling branches are connected to the same ground plane, and the two antenna elements are very close to each other, so that the current paths of the two antenna elements are guided between the ground coupling branches of the two antenna elements through a specially designed closed structure, thereby reducing the mutual interference.
The first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are about 22mm in length, work on a 2.5/5.5GHz frequency band independently, and have good performance and isolation degree smaller than 15 dB. After the closed branch structures for short circuit in the two antenna units are overlapped, the total length of the dual-frequency dual-antenna is only 27mm, and the space required by the antenna is greatly reduced by about 40%. In addition, because the closed branch structures for short circuit in the two antenna units can be mutually used as mutual isolation elements, two wave troughs with better isolation are respectively generated on the frequency bands of 2.5GHz and 5.5GHz in a current guiding mode, and the isolation between the two antenna units is not deteriorated due to the integration of the two antenna units.
According to the antenna system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the two antenna units are compressed and integrated together, and the closed branch structure for short circuit is arranged between the two antenna units, so that the problems of mutual interference and isolation are solved; because two antenna units can be realized by only using the space of one antenna unit, a large amount of antenna space is saved for the whole machine system design, and the problem of the antenna arrangement position of the MIMO multi-antenna system is also simplified.
Example V,
An embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including: an antenna.
As shown in fig. 1, the antenna includes: a first antenna element and a second antenna element.
A closed branch structure for short circuit is arranged between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit.
Wherein the closed branch structure for short-circuiting is used for guiding a surface current between the first antenna element and the second antenna element.
The antenna in the embodiment can be applied to mobile communication terminals such as smart phones, tablet computers and notebook computers. The antenna combination of 4x4 or 8x8 can be realized, and is particularly suitable for the MIMO communication system with a multi-antenna design, and the more the number of the applied antennas is, the more the system space is saved.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2, which is a schematic structural diagram of a first antenna unit, and fig. 3, which is a schematic structural diagram of a second antenna unit, the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit have the same structural composition, and here, the first antenna unit may be duplicated in an asymmetric mirror image manner to form the second antenna unit.
The first antenna element may include: the first antenna and the ground branch integrating the second antenna, the second antenna unit may include: a second antenna and a ground branch integrated with the first antenna.
The following describes the structural components of the first antenna unit, taking the first antenna unit as an example:
referring to fig. 4, the first antenna is a single-feed dual-branch loop antenna, and excites resonances of different frequency bands by using a gap coupling feed manner, and the first antenna is provided with a feed point and a ground point, and includes two branches corresponding to different frequency bands, one of which is a high-frequency current branch and is a short branch, and the other of which is a low-frequency current branch and is a long branch; here, the long branch excites a quarter-wave loop antenna resonance at 2GHz, while the short branch excites a quarter-wave loop antenna resonance at 5.5GHz, with the meander design of the short-circuit branch allowing both low-and high-frequency loop antennas to share a short-circuit point connected to the ground plane.
In order to realize the integration of the two antenna units in the same space, a second grounding point is added in a manner of less influence, and the second grounding point is used as a basis for realizing the second antenna unit, that is, a grounding branch of the second antenna is integrated on the basis of the first antenna, as shown in fig. 2.
When the ground branch of the second antenna is integrated into the first antenna, a closed branch structure for short circuit is formed. Because a part of the loop antenna current of the low-frequency current branch of the first antenna flows to the grounding point of the second antenna, the effective electrical length is reduced, wherein the ratio of the physical length of the microstrip transmission line to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave is the electrical length, L (L on the horizontal line) is L/lambda, wherein lambda is the wavelength, and L is the physical length of the transmission line, the resonance frequency of the loop antenna with the quarter wavelength of the low-frequency current branch is increased to 2.5GHz to compensate the loss of the electrical length; for the high-frequency current branch, the grounding point of the grounding branch of the second antenna is far away, so that more high-frequency branch current does not flow into the grounding point of the second antenna, the influence on high-frequency resonance is mainly reflected in that the area of the radiating metal is increased, and the area of the radiating metal is increased after coupling, so that matching and bandwidth are naturally improved.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the first antenna element is provided with a feeding point and a grounding point, and the second antenna element is provided with a feeding point and a grounding point. The first antenna element and the second antenna element are connected to each other through respective ground points to form a closed branch structure for short-circuiting, and a feeding point of the first antenna element and a feeding point of the second antenna element are disposed at both sides of the closed branch structure for short-circuiting.
By the integration of both the first antenna element and the second antenna element, a dual-frequency dual antenna is formed, which, as shown in fig. 5, includes two feeding points and two grounding points, where the integration of the two antenna elements can be achieved by connecting the respective grounding points of the two antenna elements to each other, i.e., overlapping the branch structures for short-circuit closed in the two antenna elements.
Wherein the closed branch structure for short-circuiting is used for guiding a surface current between the first antenna element and the second antenna element. By integrating the grounding points of the two antenna units, the two grounding points are distributed between the two feeding points, and a closed branch structure for short circuit is formed, so that after the antenna is excited, the surface current flowing into the feeding part of the other antenna unit through the grounding surface can be guided on the closed branch structure for short circuit, the influence on the other antenna unit is effectively reduced, and the isolation between the two antenna units is improved. Normally, there is no need for any connection or coupling contact between the two antenna elements, but the longer the distance is, the better the distance is, the mutual independent function is achieved, but in order to compress the space occupied by the two antenna elements, the two antenna elements are placed in the very close space to each other, their ground coupling branches are connected to the same ground plane, and the two antenna elements are very close to each other, so that the current paths of the two antenna elements are guided between the ground coupling branches of the two antenna elements through a specially designed closed structure, thereby reducing the mutual interference.
The first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are about 22mm in length, work on a 2.5/5.5GHz frequency band independently, and have good performance and isolation degree smaller than 15 dB. After the closed branch structures for short circuit in the two antenna units are overlapped, the total length of the dual-frequency dual-antenna is only 27mm, and the space required by the antenna is greatly reduced by about 40%. In addition, because the closed branch structures for short circuit in the two antenna units can be mutually used as mutual isolation elements, two wave troughs with better isolation are respectively generated on the frequency bands of 2.5GHz and 5.5GHz in a current guiding mode, and the isolation between the two antenna units is not deteriorated due to the integration of the two antenna units.
According to the electronic equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention, the two antenna units are compressed and integrated together, and the closed branch structure for short circuit is arranged between the two antenna units, so that the problems of mutual interference and isolation are solved; because two antenna units can be realized by only using the space of one antenna unit, a large amount of antenna space is saved for the whole machine system design, and the problem of the antenna arrangement position of the MIMO multi-antenna system is also simplified.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. An antenna, comprising: a first antenna element and a second antenna element;
a closed branch structure for short circuit is arranged between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit; the first antenna unit is provided with a feeding point and a grounding point; the second antenna unit is provided with a feeding point and a grounding point; wherein the first antenna element and the second antenna element are connected to each other by respective grounding points to form the closed branch structure for short circuit; two grounding points of the two antenna units are integrated, so that the two grounding points are distributed between the two feeding points, and a closed branch structure for short circuit is formed;
the closed branch structure for short circuit is used for guiding surface current between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit.
2. The antenna as set forth in claim 1,
the first antenna unit comprises a first antenna branch and a second antenna branch which correspond to different frequency bands;
the second antenna unit comprises a third antenna branch and a fourth antenna branch which correspond to different frequency bands.
3. The antenna of claim 2, wherein the antenna is,
the first antenna branch and the third antenna branch are provided with closed structures, and grounding points are arranged at two opposite ends of each closed structure;
the first antenna branch and the third antenna branch are connected with each other through respective grounding points, so that the closed structures of the first antenna branch and the third antenna branch are overlapped and integrated to form the closed branch structure for short circuit.
4. The antenna of claim 2, wherein the antenna is,
the length of the first antenna branch is greater than that of the second antenna branch, and the resonant frequency band of the first antenna branch is lower than that of the second antenna branch;
the length of the third antenna branch is greater than that of the fourth antenna branch, and the resonant frequency band of the third antenna branch is lower than that of the fourth antenna branch.
5. The antenna as set forth in claim 1,
the first antenna unit is duplicated to form the second antenna unit in an asymmetric mirror image mode.
6. The antenna as set forth in claim 1,
the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit have bent three-dimensional structures.
7. An antenna system, comprising:
an antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6;
a baseband module for processing a signal such that the signal is transmitted in a channel;
and the radio frequency module is used for converting the low-frequency signal transmitted from the baseband module into a high-frequency signal and converting the high-frequency signal transmitted from the antenna into a low-frequency signal for processing by the baseband module.
8. An electronic device, comprising: an antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.
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| CN202957344U (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2013-05-29 | 泰科资讯科技有限公司 | Mirror image coupling antenna system |
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| US9583824B2 (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2017-02-28 | Sony Corporation | Multi-band wireless terminals with a hybrid antenna along an end portion, and related multi-band antenna systems |
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| KR101394437B1 (en) * | 2007-09-21 | 2014-05-14 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Multi-Band Antennas and Multi-Band Antennas system with enhanced Isolation Charcateristics |
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| US9583824B2 (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2017-02-28 | Sony Corporation | Multi-band wireless terminals with a hybrid antenna along an end portion, and related multi-band antenna systems |
| CN103811869A (en) * | 2012-11-08 | 2014-05-21 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Multiple-input multiple-output antenna system and mobile terminal |
| CN202957344U (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2013-05-29 | 泰科资讯科技有限公司 | Mirror image coupling antenna system |
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