CN109958432B - Method and device for evaluating cementing quality of well cementation II interface by utilizing ultrasonic echo logging - Google Patents
Method and device for evaluating cementing quality of well cementation II interface by utilizing ultrasonic echo logging Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109958432B CN109958432B CN201910139907.9A CN201910139907A CN109958432B CN 109958432 B CN109958432 B CN 109958432B CN 201910139907 A CN201910139907 A CN 201910139907A CN 109958432 B CN109958432 B CN 109958432B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- echo
- logging
- frequency spectrum
- interface
- recess
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000013441 quality evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002592 echocardiography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005570 vertical transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020681 well water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/005—Monitoring or checking of cementation quality or level
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
- E21B47/14—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for evaluating cementing quality of a well cementation II interface by using ultrasonic echo logging, relating to the field of oil field logging; the method comprises the following steps: recording an ultrasonic echo sequence from the fluid to the stratum at each logging depth point by using ultrasonic echo logging; performing Fourier transform on the echo sequence to obtain an echo frequency spectrum; intercepting a first reflected wave in the echo sequence in the time domain, and performing Fourier transform to obtain a sound source frequency spectrum; carrying out a ratio on the echo frequency spectrum and the sound source frequency spectrum to obtain a reflection coefficient; searching a minimum value of the reflection coefficient to obtain a first recess of the echo spectrum corresponding to the minimum value, wherein the first recess is the sleeve resonance transmission frequency; searching for second recesses on two sides of the first recess respectively; if the second recess exists, judging that a cement resonance transmission peak exists and II interface cementation is poor; and if the second recess does not exist, judging that the interface II is well cemented so as to improve the accuracy of the evaluation of the well cementation quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil field logging, in particular to a method and a device for evaluating cementing quality of a well cementation II interface by using ultrasonic echo logging.
Background
The cementing quality of the cementing II interface of the oil-water well is a factor which influences that interlayer channeling is not negligible, and in the cementing quality evaluation of the well in recent years, channeling phenomenon also occurs in the well section with the cementing I interface well and the cementing index larger than 0.8, so that the channeling problem caused by poor cementing of the cementing II interface is further clarified. At present, the cementing state of a well cementation I interface and the cement sheath distribution evaluation technology are relatively perfect, but effective technical means are not available for evaluating the cementing of a well cementation II interface, and in the actual well cementation quality evaluation, the cementing quality of the well cementation II interface is generally qualitatively judged according to the existence of stratum waves and the strength of the stratum waves. The interface cementation state II is qualitatively judged according to the relative strength of the formation wave, and the problems are as follows: firstly, under the eccentric or the partially consolidated circumstances of circumference of sleeve pipe, the sleeve pipe of eccentric one side is close to stratum or partially consolidated cement sheath can provide the route for the stratum wave propagation, even II interface cementation difference also can appear stronger stratum wave. Secondly, in the interval with larger sound attenuation, the attenuation can cause the amplitude of the formation wave to be reduced, and even if the II interface is well cemented, no formation wave or weak formation wave can be caused. Therefore, an effective II interface evaluation means is urgently needed to ensure the accuracy of the well cementation quality evaluation.
The ultrasonic pulse echo well logging is a well cementation quality evaluation and casing pipe condition detection method which is widely applied at present, instruments based on the ultrasonic pulse echo well logging principle at abroad comprise PET, CET, USI, CAST series, IBC and the like, and the technologies of well wall ultrasonic imaging well logging, well bore condition ultrasonic imaging well logging and the like are provided at home. The instruments utilize ultrasonic pulse echoes to calculate medium acoustic impedance of a casing-stratum annular space by different methods to evaluate the well cementation quality, and simultaneously utilize the resonance transmission frequency of the casing to calculate the wall thickness of the casing. The method and the instrument only give evaluation on the quality of the I-interface cementation and do not give evaluation results on the quality of the II-interface cementation in the conventional well logging data interpretation. A method for evaluating the quality of II-interface cementation is found by establishing a five-layer medium model (casing-fluid ring-cement-fluid ring-stratum) to carry out ultrasonic pulse echo logging numerical simulation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a method and a device for evaluating cementing quality of a well cementation II interface by using ultrasonic echo logging, so as to improve the accuracy of evaluating the well cementation quality.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a method for evaluating cementing quality of a well cementation II interface by using ultrasonic echo logging, which comprises the following steps:
recording an ultrasonic echo sequence from the fluid to the stratum at each logging depth point by using ultrasonic echo logging;
performing Fourier transform on the echo sequence to obtain an echo frequency spectrum;
intercepting a first reflected wave in the echo sequence in the time domain, and performing Fourier transform to obtain a sound source frequency spectrum;
carrying out a ratio on the echo frequency spectrum and the sound source frequency spectrum to obtain a reflection coefficient;
searching a minimum value of the reflection coefficient to obtain a first recess of the echo spectrum corresponding to the minimum value, wherein the first recess is the sleeve resonance transmission frequency;
searching for second recesses on two sides of the first recess respectively;
if the second recess exists, judging that a cement resonance transmission peak exists and II interface cementation is poor; and if the second recess does not exist, judging that the interface II is well cemented.
Preferably, the echo frequency spectrum is obtained after Fourier transform is carried out on the echo sequence; before a first reflected wave in the echo sequence in the time domain is intercepted and Fourier transform is carried out to obtain a sound source frequency spectrum, filtering processing is carried out on the echo sequence; then the
Performing Fourier transform on the echo sequence after the filtering processing to obtain an echo frequency spectrum;
and intercepting a first reflected wave in the echo sequence after the filtering processing in the time domain, and performing Fourier transform to obtain a sound source frequency spectrum.
Preferably, the filtering processing method includes:
eliminating instrument noise of the echo sequence by using a similar correlation processing method; and further eliminating the logging noise of the echo sequence by using a band-pass filtering method.
Preferably, the first reflected wave is a 0-40us segment signal of the echo sequence.
Preferably, the amplitude of the second depression should be greater than or equal to 1/3 of the amplitude of the first depression.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a device for evaluating cementing quality of a well cementation II interface by using ultrasonic echo logging, which comprises:
the acquisition unit is used for recording an ultrasonic echo sequence from the fluid to the stratum at each logging depth point by using ultrasonic echo logging;
the frequency spectrum transformation unit is connected with the acquisition unit and is used for carrying out Fourier transformation on the echo sequence to obtain an echo frequency spectrum; intercepting a first reflected wave in the echo sequence in the time domain, and performing Fourier transform to obtain a sound source frequency spectrum;
the calculating unit is connected with the frequency spectrum transformation unit and is used for carrying out ratio on the echo frequency spectrum and the sound source frequency spectrum to obtain a reflection coefficient;
the searching unit is connected with the calculating unit and is used for searching the minimum value of the reflection coefficient to obtain a first recess of the echo spectrum corresponding to the minimum value, and the first recess is the sleeve resonance transmission frequency; searching the two sides of the first recess respectively to find a second recess;
the judging unit is connected with the searching unit, and if the second recess exists, the existence of a cement resonance transmission peak and the interface II cementation difference can be judged; and if the second recess does not exist, judging that the interface II is well cemented.
Preferably, a filtering unit is further provided between the spectrum transforming unit and the obtaining unit, and the filtering unit performs filtering processing on the echo sequence; then the
The frequency spectrum transformation unit is used for carrying out Fourier transformation on the echo sequence after the filtering processing to obtain an echo frequency spectrum; and intercepting a first reflected wave in the echo sequence after the filtering processing in the time domain, and performing Fourier transform to obtain a sound source frequency spectrum.
Preferably, the filtering unit includes: the device comprises an instrument noise filtering unit and a logging noise filtering unit;
the instrument noise filtering unit is connected with the logging noise filtering unit, and the logging noise filtering unit is also connected with the frequency spectrum transformation unit;
the instrument noise filtering unit eliminates the instrument noise of the echo sequence by using a similar correlation processing method;
and the logging noise filtering unit further eliminates the logging noise of the echo sequence by using a band-pass filtering method.
Preferably, the spectral transformation unit includes: and the intercepting unit intercepts 0-40us segment signals of the echo sequence to obtain the first reflected wave.
Preferably, the searching unit or the judging unit includes: a determination unit;
the determination unit is used for determining whether the recess on either side of the first recess is a second recess; if the amplitude of the depressions on either side of the first depression is greater than or equal to 1/3 the amplitude of the first depression, then the depressions on either side of the first depression are the second depression, otherwise not the second depression.
The invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a method and a device for evaluating cementing quality of a cementing II interface by using ultrasonic echo logging, which are used for improving the accuracy of evaluating the cementing quality and solving the problem of qualitatively judging the cementing quality of the II interface according to the existence of formation waves and the strength of the formation waves.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a pulse echo spectrum of an embodiment of the present invention with good interface cementation and different interface II fluid ring thicknesses;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pulse echo spectrum in the case of good interface cementation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for evaluating cementing quality of a well cementation II interface by using ultrasonic echo logging in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a pulse echo logging echo sequence and its echo spectrum in a laboratory model well according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a pulse echo log of different azimuth echo spectra in a laboratory model well in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described below based on examples, but it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to these examples. In the following detailed description of the present invention, certain specific details are set forth. However, the present invention may be fully understood by those skilled in the art for those parts not described in detail.
Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are provided solely for the purposes of illustrating the invention, features and advantages thereof, and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Also, unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims, the words "comprise", "comprising", and the like are to be construed in an inclusive sense as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is, the meaning of "includes but is not limited to".
The ultrasonic imaging logging instrument is provided with an ultrasonic pulse echo logging probe, wherein 72/36-point ultrasonic waves are transmitted and received by the probe in logging every rotation, so that Fourier transform can be performed on ultrasonic echo signals to obtain echo frequency spectrums, and information is provided for II-interface cementation evaluation. The invention can also be used for data processing of other instruments (such as USI, CAST-V, CAST-M and the like) based on ultrasonic pulse echo logging.
FIG. 1 shows the pulse echo spectra for the case of good interface I bond and different interface II fluid ring thicknesses according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pulse echo spectrum in the case of good interface cementation according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the echo signal received by the vertical transmission of the ultrasonic pulse echo logging can obtain the frequency spectrum information through fourier transform, and in the logging frequency range, there is the casing resonance transmission frequency, i.e. there is a resonance transmission peak (frequency spectrum depression) on the frequency spectrum.
The spectral notch near 350KHz in FIG. 1 is the resonant transmission peak of the 5.5in wall thickness casing (the shapes of the simulation results of other wall thickness casings are consistent), the abscissa in FIG. 1 is frequency/KHZ, and the ordinate is the amplitude of the pulse echo spectrum. The thickness of the fluid ring is 0.5mm-4.5mm respectively. In addition to the casing resonant transmission peak (the spectral notch is large relative to the cement sheath resonant transmission peak), there is also a resonant transmission peak, which we refer to as the cement sheath resonant transmission peak (the spectral notch is small relative to the casing resonant transmission peak) in the case of the various ii interface fluid collars shown in fig. 1. It was found by extensive numerical simulations that: in the case of good cementation of the II interfaces, the cement resonant transmission peak disappears, and only one transmission peak is the resonant transmission peak of the casing (see figure 2).
However, when a fluid ring is present at interface II, and whether the interface I bonds well or poorly, a cement resonant transmission peak occurs. The thickness of the cement sheath, the thickness of the casing and the formation parameters are changed without influencing the existence of the resonance transmission peak of the cement sheath under the condition of poor interface cementation II. The reason is that: in the case of good II interface cementation, the cement and the stratum can be regarded as a composite body due to small acoustic impedance difference. However, when the interface II cementation is poor, the acoustic impedance difference between the cement and the fluid ring at the interface II is large, and there is a condition that resonance transmission is formed.
Therefore, the existence of the cement resonant transmission peak can be used for judging the II interface cementation condition.
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for evaluating cementing quality of a well cementation II interface by using ultrasonic echo logging in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, a method for evaluating cementing quality of a well cementation II interface by using ultrasonic echo logging comprises the following steps: step 101, using ultrasonic echo logging to record an ultrasonic echo sequence from the fluid to the stratum at each logging depth point, such as: the ultrasonic pulse echo logging is a sound echo sequence in a circumferential scanning logging mode, and 36 or 72 columns of ultrasonic waves from fluid to stratum are recorded at each logging depth point; 102, performing Fourier transform on an echo sequence to obtain an echo frequency spectrum; intercepting a first reflected wave in an echo sequence in a time domain, and performing Fourier transform to obtain a sound source frequency spectrum; 103, comparing the echo frequency spectrum with the sound source frequency spectrum to obtain a reflection coefficient; step 104, searching a minimum value of the reflection coefficient to obtain a first depression of an echo spectrum corresponding to the minimum value, wherein the first depression is a sleeve resonance transmission frequency; step 105, searching two sides of the first recess respectively to find a second recess; 106, if the second recess exists, judging that a cement resonance transmission peak exists and the interface II is poor in cementation; if the second recess does not exist, the interface II can be judged to be well cemented.
In fig. 3, the echo spectrum is obtained after fourier transform of the echo sequence; before a first reflected wave in the echo sequence in the time domain is intercepted and Fourier transform is carried out to obtain a sound source frequency spectrum, filtering processing is carried out on the echo sequence; then, Fourier transform is carried out on the echo sequence after filtering processing to obtain an echo frequency spectrum; and performing Fourier transform on the first reflected wave in the echo sequence after the filtering processing in the time domain to obtain a sound source frequency spectrum.
In fig. 3, the filtering process is performed by using a similar correlation processing method to eliminate the instrument noise of the echo sequence; and further eliminating the logging noise of the echo sequence by using a band-pass filtering method.
Wherein the first reflected wave is a 0-40us segment signal of the echo sequence.
Wherein the magnitude of the second depression should be greater than or equal to 1/3 of the magnitude of the first depression.
In fig. 3, in particular, the ultrasonic pulse echo logging is a circumferential scanning logging mode, and 36 or 72 columns of ultrasonic echo sequences from the fluid to the formation are recorded at each logging depth point.
Carrying out pretreatment to eliminate noise, namely measuring and determining instrument background noise in a laboratory, and eliminating the instrument noise by using a similar correlation processing method; and further eliminating logging noise by using a band-pass filtering method.
Carrying out Fourier transform on the echo signal to obtain an echo frequency spectrum; intercepting a first echo (namely, a casing reflection wave) in an echo sequence, wherein the casing size is fixed, the position of the casing reflection wave is also determined, 0-40us section signals are intercepted by considering the casing size change factor, and Fourier transform is carried out on the intercepted first echo to obtain a sound source frequency spectrum.
The reflection coefficient is obtained by a simple method of making a ratio of the echo frequency spectrum to the sound source frequency spectrum.
Determining the casing resonance transmission frequency: and searching the reflection coefficient, and finding out the minimum value of the reflection coefficient, wherein the minimum value of the reflection coefficient corresponds to the maximum depression (first depression) of the echo spectrum, namely finding out the resonance transmission frequency of the casing.
Searching the cement resonance frequency position: searching two sides of the maximum recess respectively, searching for larger recesses (namely, a second recess, wherein the amplitude of the second recess reaches 1/3 of the first recess), if the second recess exists, judging that a cement resonance transmission peak exists, and the interface II is poor in cementation, and if the second larger recess does not exist, the interface II is good in cementation.
More specifically, the method for evaluating cementing quality of a well cementation II interface by ultrasonic pulse echo logging comprises the following steps: after Fourier transform is carried out on received ultrasonic pulse echo data, an echo signal frequency spectrum is obtained, and meanwhile, a signal reflection coefficient signal is calculated. Intercepting an effective frequency range on a frequency spectrum, searching for a maximum recess in the effective frequency range, continuously searching for larger recesses on two sides after searching for the maximum recess, and evaluating that the interface II cementation is poor if the larger recesses with the amplitude reaching the maximum recess 1/3 exist, or else, evaluating that the interface II cementation is good. Under the condition of poor II interface cementation, the thickness of the cement sheath changes, so that the position of a resonance transmission peak of the cement sheath in actual data is uncertain, and the resonance transmission peak may be on the left side of a resonance transmission peak of the casing or on the right side of the resonance transmission peak of the casing, but the resonance transmission peak is in the range of a sound source frequency band, and therefore the II interface cementation state can be judged through the cement resonance transmission.
Meanwhile, the invention provides a device for evaluating cementing quality of a well cementation II interface by using ultrasonic echo logging, which comprises the following steps: the acquisition unit is used for recording an ultrasonic echo sequence from the fluid to the stratum at each logging depth point by using ultrasonic echo logging; the frequency spectrum transformation unit is connected with the acquisition unit and used for carrying out Fourier transformation on the echo sequence to obtain an echo frequency spectrum; intercepting a first reflected wave in the echo sequence in the time domain, and performing Fourier transform to obtain a sound source frequency spectrum; the calculating unit is connected with the frequency spectrum transformation unit and is used for carrying out ratio on the echo frequency spectrum and the sound source frequency spectrum to obtain a reflection coefficient; the searching unit is connected with the calculating unit and is used for searching the minimum value of the reflection coefficient to obtain a first recess of the echo spectrum corresponding to the minimum value, and the first recess is the sleeve resonance transmission frequency; searching the two sides of the first recess respectively to find a second recess; the judging unit is connected with the searching unit, and if the second recess exists, the existence of a cement resonance transmission peak and the interface II cementation difference can be judged; if the second recess does not exist, the interface II can be judged to be well cemented. The method can be specifically understood by referring to the method for evaluating the cementing quality of the well cementation II interface by utilizing ultrasonic echo logging in FIG. 3.
A utilize ultrasonic echo well logging to evaluate cementing quality device of II interface of well cementation, also have filtering units between frequency spectrum transformation unit and obtaining unit, the filtering unit filters the echo sequence; then a frequency spectrum transformation unit performs Fourier transformation on the echo sequence after filtering processing to obtain an echo frequency spectrum; and intercepting the first reflected wave in the echo sequence after the filtering processing in the time domain, and performing Fourier transform to obtain a sound source frequency spectrum.
A utilize ultrasonic echo well logging to evaluate II interface cementation quality devices of well cementation, the filtering unit includes: the device comprises an instrument noise filtering unit and a logging noise filtering unit; the instrument noise filtering unit is connected with the logging noise filtering unit, and the logging noise filtering unit is also connected with the frequency spectrum transformation unit; the instrument noise filtering unit is used for eliminating the instrument noise of the echo sequence by using a similar correlation processing method; and the logging noise filtering unit is used for further eliminating the logging noise of the echo sequence by using a band-pass filtering method.
A utilize ultrasonic echo well logging to evaluate II interface cementation quality devices of well cementation, the frequency spectrum transform unit includes: and the intercepting unit intercepts 0-40us segment signals of the echo sequence to obtain a first reflected wave.
A utilize ultrasonic echo well logging to evaluate II interface cementation quality devices of well cementation, search unit or judge the unit, include: a determination unit; a determination unit for determining whether the recess on either side of the first recess is the second recess; if the amplitude of the depressions on either side of the first depression is greater than or equal to 1/3 the amplitude of the first depression, then the depressions on either side of the first depression are second depressions, otherwise not second depressions.
FIG. 4 is a pulse-echo logging echo sequence and its echo spectrum in a laboratory model well according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the process of the invention, in order to verify the accuracy of the method, experiments are carried out in a simulation well with known I interface and II interface cementation states, and the application effect is good. The laboratory model well parameters were: the outer diameter of the sleeve is 139.7mm, the wall thickness is 7.72mm, the interface I is well cemented, and the interface II is not cemented at 45 degrees. As shown in fig. 4, fig. 4 shows the received waveform and spectrum of three ii-interface unconsolidated data points extracted from the model well, and it can be seen that there are two ii-interface cementation difference features with two resonant transmission peaks in the spectrum.
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a pulse echo log of different azimuth echo spectra in a laboratory model well in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, fig. 5 shows the signal spectrum of the model at four positions of 1 °, 90 °, 180 °, and 270 °. In actual data processing, any number of azimuth spectrums can be given as required. As can be seen from the figure, at the positions of 1 degree, 90 degrees and 180 degrees, the signal frequency spectrum has only one notch, which corresponds to the position of the transmission peak of the sleeve; there are two notches in the spectrum at the 270 ° position, corresponding to the casing resonant transmission and cement resonant transmission peak positions, respectively.
The data processing result of the detection data in the model well verifies the correctness of theoretical analysis, which shows that the method can be completely used for cementing evaluation of a well cementation II interface and provides an effective technical means for evaluating the cementing quality of the well cementation II interface.
The invention provides a cementing state evaluation method of a well cementation II interface in a breakthrough way, and can comprehensively evaluate the well cementation quality. The accuracy of well cementation quality evaluation is guaranteed, accurate information is provided for development measures such as section selection perforation and fracturing, and oil well water logging and oil-water well casing damage caused by channeling are prevented. The invention has the following advantages and characteristics:
1. based on the existing ultrasonic pulse echo logging instrument, a new logging instrument does not need to be developed, the existing construction process and operation procedures do not need to be changed, and the method has strong implementation.
2. And the cementing evaluation of the well cementation II interface is realized in the data interpretation processing process, and the data information is enriched.
3. Because the circumferential sampling rate of the ultrasonic pulse echo logging is high, the circumferential well cementation quality can be more accurately described, the original explanation is only the evaluation of the cementing state of the I interface, and the use of an instrument is limited. After the interface II cementation evaluation information is added, the applicability of the instrument is improved due to more information and more accurate evaluation results.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely embodiments for expressing the invention, and the description is specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various changes, substitutions of equivalents, improvements and the like can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these are all within the scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A method for evaluating cementing quality of a well cementation II interface by utilizing ultrasonic echo logging is characterized by comprising the following steps:
recording an ultrasonic echo sequence from the fluid to the stratum at each logging depth point by using ultrasonic echo logging;
performing Fourier transform on the echo sequence to obtain an echo frequency spectrum;
intercepting a first reflected wave in the echo sequence in the time domain, and performing Fourier transform to obtain a sound source frequency spectrum; wherein the first reflected wave is a 0-40us segment signal of the echo sequence;
carrying out a ratio on the echo frequency spectrum and the sound source frequency spectrum to obtain a reflection coefficient;
searching a minimum value of the reflection coefficient to obtain a first recess of the echo spectrum corresponding to the minimum value, wherein the first recess is the sleeve resonance transmission frequency;
searching for second recesses on two sides of the first recess respectively; wherein the magnitude of the second depression should be greater than or equal to 1/3 for the magnitude of the first depression;
if the second recess exists, judging that a cement resonance transmission peak exists and II interface cementation is poor; and if the second recess does not exist, judging that the interface II is well cemented.
2. The method for evaluating the cementing quality of a well cementation II interface by utilizing the ultrasonic echo logging as claimed in claim 1, wherein an echo frequency spectrum is obtained by performing Fourier transform on the echo sequence; before the first reflected wave in the echo sequence in the interception time domain is subjected to Fourier transform to obtain a sound source frequency spectrum, the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
filtering the echo sequence; then the
Performing Fourier transform on the echo sequence after the filtering processing to obtain an echo frequency spectrum;
and intercepting a first reflected wave in the echo sequence after the filtering processing in the time domain, and performing Fourier transform to obtain a sound source frequency spectrum.
3. The method for evaluating the cementing quality of a well cementation II interface by utilizing the ultrasonic echo logging as claimed in claim 2, wherein the filtering processing method is characterized in that:
eliminating instrument noise of the echo sequence by using a similar correlation processing method; and further eliminating the logging noise of the echo sequence by using a band-pass filtering method.
4. A utilize ultrasonic echo well logging to evaluate II interface cementation quality devices of well cementation, its characterized in that includes:
the acquisition unit is used for recording an ultrasonic echo sequence from the fluid to the stratum at each logging depth point by using ultrasonic echo logging;
the frequency spectrum transformation unit is connected with the acquisition unit and is used for carrying out Fourier transformation on the echo sequence to obtain an echo frequency spectrum; intercepting a first reflected wave in the echo sequence in the time domain, and performing Fourier transform to obtain a sound source frequency spectrum; wherein the spectrum transformation unit includes: the intercepting unit intercepts 0-40us segment signals of the echo sequence to obtain the first reflected wave;
the calculating unit is connected with the frequency spectrum transformation unit and is used for carrying out ratio on the echo frequency spectrum and the sound source frequency spectrum to obtain a reflection coefficient;
the searching unit is connected with the calculating unit and is used for searching the minimum value of the reflection coefficient to obtain a first recess of the echo spectrum corresponding to the minimum value, and the first recess is the sleeve resonance transmission frequency; searching the two sides of the first recess respectively to find a second recess;
the judging unit is connected with the searching unit, and if the second recess exists, the existence of a cement resonance transmission peak and the II interface cementation difference are judged; if the second recess does not exist, judging that the interface II is well cemented;
wherein the search unit or the judgment unit includes: a determination unit;
the determination unit is used for determining whether the recess on either side of the first recess is a second recess; if the amplitude of the depressions on either side of the first depression is greater than or equal to 1/3 the amplitude of the first depression, then the depressions on either side of the first depression are the second depression, otherwise not the second depression.
5. The device for evaluating the cementing quality of a well cementation II interface by utilizing ultrasonic echo logging according to claim 4 is characterized in that:
a filtering unit is arranged between the spectrum transformation unit and the acquisition unit and is used for filtering the echo sequence; then the
The frequency spectrum transformation unit is used for carrying out Fourier transformation on the echo sequence after the filtering processing to obtain an echo frequency spectrum; and intercepting a first reflected wave in the echo sequence after the filtering processing in the time domain, and performing Fourier transform to obtain a sound source frequency spectrum.
6. The device for evaluating the cementing quality of a well cementation II interface by utilizing ultrasonic echo logging according to claim 5 is characterized in that:
the filtering unit includes: the device comprises an instrument noise filtering unit and a logging noise filtering unit;
the instrument noise filtering unit is connected with the logging noise filtering unit, and the logging noise filtering unit is also connected with the frequency spectrum transformation unit;
the instrument noise filtering unit eliminates the instrument noise of the echo sequence by using a similar correlation processing method;
and the logging noise filtering unit further eliminates the logging noise of the echo sequence by using a band-pass filtering method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910139907.9A CN109958432B (en) | 2019-02-26 | 2019-02-26 | Method and device for evaluating cementing quality of well cementation II interface by utilizing ultrasonic echo logging |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910139907.9A CN109958432B (en) | 2019-02-26 | 2019-02-26 | Method and device for evaluating cementing quality of well cementation II interface by utilizing ultrasonic echo logging |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109958432A CN109958432A (en) | 2019-07-02 |
| CN109958432B true CN109958432B (en) | 2021-11-02 |
Family
ID=67023679
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910139907.9A Active CN109958432B (en) | 2019-02-26 | 2019-02-26 | Method and device for evaluating cementing quality of well cementation II interface by utilizing ultrasonic echo logging |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109958432B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112412390B (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2022-09-02 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method and device for evaluating second interface of well cementation based on deep learning model |
| CN110630248B (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2022-03-25 | 西南石油大学 | Cementing quality evaluation device and method for well cementation two-interface |
| CN112253100B (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2022-10-14 | 中海油田服务股份有限公司 | Method and device for determining well cementation quality |
| CN112593922B (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2022-09-30 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method and device for evaluating cementing quality of two well cementation interfaces through array acoustic logging |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1038489A (en) * | 1988-06-09 | 1990-01-03 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | The method of using acoustic wave to evaluate cement-bond well quality in all its aspests |
| CN1538166A (en) * | 2003-10-23 | 2004-10-20 | 大庆油田有限责任公司 | Comprehensive detecting method for quality of well cementation |
| CN103244104A (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2013-08-14 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for extracting sleeve wave attenuation rate through dispersion correction |
| CN104295285A (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2015-01-21 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Determining method and system for second interface cementing quality of cement sheath |
| CN105134170A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-09 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Method for evaluating cement bond quality of two interfaces of cased well |
| WO2016105208A1 (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2016-06-30 | Statoil Petroleum As | Logging system and method for evaluation of downhole installation |
| WO2017019058A1 (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2017-02-02 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Magnetic surface wave effect to probe fluid properties in a wellbore |
| WO2017155542A1 (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2017-09-14 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Downhole cement evaluation using an artificial neural network |
| CN207406332U (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-05-25 | 中国石油大学(华东) | The lower well cementation second interface maintenance of water flooding disturbance and bonding quality evaluating apparatus |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2011382521B2 (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2014-10-30 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Acoustic transducer apparatus, systems, and methods |
| CN103184866B (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2015-07-22 | 西安石油大学 | Well cementation cement sheath integrity simulation and evaluation tester |
| CN104790939B (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2018-03-23 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | A kind of method and apparatus for obtaining cementing rate |
| US10156653B2 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2018-12-18 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Techniques for removing interface noise from acoustic log data |
-
2019
- 2019-02-26 CN CN201910139907.9A patent/CN109958432B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1038489A (en) * | 1988-06-09 | 1990-01-03 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | The method of using acoustic wave to evaluate cement-bond well quality in all its aspests |
| CN1538166A (en) * | 2003-10-23 | 2004-10-20 | 大庆油田有限责任公司 | Comprehensive detecting method for quality of well cementation |
| CN103244104A (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2013-08-14 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for extracting sleeve wave attenuation rate through dispersion correction |
| CN104295285A (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2015-01-21 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Determining method and system for second interface cementing quality of cement sheath |
| WO2016105208A1 (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2016-06-30 | Statoil Petroleum As | Logging system and method for evaluation of downhole installation |
| WO2017019058A1 (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2017-02-02 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Magnetic surface wave effect to probe fluid properties in a wellbore |
| CN105134170A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-09 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Method for evaluating cement bond quality of two interfaces of cased well |
| WO2017155542A1 (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2017-09-14 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Downhole cement evaluation using an artificial neural network |
| CN207406332U (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-05-25 | 中国石油大学(华东) | The lower well cementation second interface maintenance of water flooding disturbance and bonding quality evaluating apparatus |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 固井质量综合评价技术与声波变密度测井技术对比分析;王梅英等;《测井技术》;20110430;第35卷(第2期);第176-179页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109958432A (en) | 2019-07-02 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109958432B (en) | Method and device for evaluating cementing quality of well cementation II interface by utilizing ultrasonic echo logging | |
| US10253615B2 (en) | Method and a system for ultrasonic inspection of well bores | |
| US4928269A (en) | Determining impedance of material behind a casing in a borehole | |
| AU679193B2 (en) | Spatially filtering formation and channel echo signals | |
| CN112593922B (en) | Method and device for evaluating cementing quality of two well cementation interfaces through array acoustic logging | |
| US20150338378A1 (en) | Ultrasonic signal time-frequency decomposition for borehole evaluation or pipeline inspection | |
| NO345791B1 (en) | A Method of identifying a material and/or condition of a material in a borehole | |
| CN115822564B (en) | Sleeve thickness measuring method and device, electronic equipment and computer storage medium | |
| CN106770668B (en) | Method for detecting quality of single-hole foundation pile by acoustic transmission method | |
| CN115992692B (en) | Cement ring thickness measuring method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium | |
| NO339288B1 (en) | Determination of the impedance of the material behind a borehole casing | |
| CN106767583B (en) | Longitudinal profile Equivalent Pile diameter calculation method for pile detection sound wave transmission method | |
| CN103362502B (en) | Acoustic logging eliminates the method for direct-wave jamming, system and acoustic logging instrument | |
| CN106383173B (en) | Cement acoustic impedance calculation method and device | |
| CN104265277A (en) | Method for extracting stratum sound velocity by using tube wave and stratum sound wave interference principle | |
| CN114233277A (en) | Well cementation quality evaluation method based on cased well mode wave attenuation coefficient | |
| CN104295285A (en) | Determining method and system for second interface cementing quality of cement sheath | |
| RU2199005C1 (en) | Method of diagnosis of annular space state of oil producing wells and device for method embodiment | |
| CN114017014B (en) | Acoustic logging wave acoustic method | |
| CN114139584A (en) | While-drilling acoustic logging casing wave attenuation inversion method and device | |
| CN104747178B (en) | A kind of method and apparatus for obtaining acoustic impedance | |
| CN116241239B (en) | Well cementation evaluation method, device, equipment and storage medium based on far and near monopoles | |
| CN115163052B (en) | Parameter measurement method of ultrasonic well diameter and ultrasonic well diameter logging while drilling device | |
| Huiqin et al. | Research on Wavelet Threshold Denoising Method of Ultrasonic Echo Signal in Ultrasonic Drilling Fluid Leak Detection System | |
| CN114839684B (en) | Method, device, equipment and storage medium for extracting longitudinal waves of cased well |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |