CN109932989B - Interlocking method for monitoring internal sparking of klystron - Google Patents
Interlocking method for monitoring internal sparking of klystron Download PDFInfo
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- CN109932989B CN109932989B CN201711343311.8A CN201711343311A CN109932989B CN 109932989 B CN109932989 B CN 109932989B CN 201711343311 A CN201711343311 A CN 201711343311A CN 109932989 B CN109932989 B CN 109932989B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an interlocking device and method for monitoring internal ignition of a klystron, which comprises the following steps: the ignition system comprises an ignition signal acquisition system, an ignition signal processing system, a timing system and an interlocking system; the ignition signal acquisition system comprises a metal darkroom, a photodiode and a signal amplifier; the ignition signal processing system comprises a signal acquisition card and a signal processing system; the photodiode collects the ignition condition in the klystron and generates an ignition signal, and the ignition signal is amplified by the signal amplifier and then transmitted to the ignition signal processing system; the signal acquisition card acquires the amplified ignition signal, converts the ignition signal into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the signal processing system; the signal processing system demodulates the ignition signal, records the ignition condition, generates a corresponding interlocking signal according to the ignition condition and transmits the interlocking signal to the timing system and the interlocking system; the interlocking system controls the start and stop of the subordinate system according to the interlocking signal transmitted by the signal processing system. The invention can protect the safety of the klystron more reliably by absolutely monitoring the ignition information in the klystron.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for monitoring the ignition condition inside a klystron in real time and performing interlocking protection on ignition, and belongs to the field of klystron ignition protection.
Background
The core power source device of the large coherent light source free electron laser device adopts a klystron produced by Toshiba Japan, and the manufacturing cost is high. During the operation of the klystron, especially after the high pressure inside the klystron is ignited, the stability of the output of the whole power system is greatly influenced. If measures are not taken timely, the working power supply of the klystron is cut off, and the klystron is permanently damaged.
The current protection measure for the internal ignition of the klystron is to monitor the reverse voltage and current amplitude after the high voltage in the klystron is over. When the amplitude exceeds the threshold value, an alarm is given and the whole power system is protected in an interlocking mode. Since such monitoring is indirect monitoring, there is a great safety risk. Once the protection circuit fails, the entire protection device will be disabled.
At present, the monitoring threshold value of an internal ignition protection device of a high-power microwave system is manually set, and the ignition condition cannot be well reflected. The set height of the threshold value directly reflects the tolerance degree of the internal ignition of the klystron. Since the working voltage of high-power devices such as a klystron is tens of thousands of volts, once an internal ignition phenomenon occurs, the stability of amplitude phase of output microwave power and the safety of the klystron are greatly influenced.
Therefore, there is a need for a device that can absolutely monitor the ignition inside the acceleration tube. As the supplement of the existing ignition monitoring device, the two devices act together, so that the klystron can be immediately interlocked to cut off the working power supply of the klystron after being ignited inside.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a device and a method which have high stability and good real-time performance, can accurately monitor the internal ignition condition of a klystron and carry out interlocking protection on a klystron system.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the high-precision photodiode is used for monitoring the ignition information in the klystron in real time through the observation window of the klystron, acquiring and analyzing the information such as the intensity and the frequency of ignition signals, converting the ignition signals into interlocking signals and interlocking the whole klystron system, so that the klystron system is protected.
Inside strike sparks of klystron monitoring interlock includes: the ignition system comprises an ignition signal acquisition system, an ignition signal processing system, a timing system 5 and an interlocking system 17;
the ignition signal acquisition system comprises a metal darkroom 11, a photodiode 9 and a signal amplifier 10;
the ignition signal processing system comprises a signal acquisition card 12 and a signal processing system 13;
the metal darkroom 11 is arranged on an observation window 14 of the klystron 3, the photodiode 9 is arranged in the metal darkroom 11 and leads signals out of the metal darkroom 11 through a signal wire; the signal amplifier 10 is arranged outside the metal darkroom 11 and is connected with the photodiode 9 and the signal acquisition card 12; the photodiode 9 is used for collecting the ignition condition in the klystron 3 and generating an ignition signal, and the ignition signal is amplified by a signal amplifier 10 and then transmitted to an ignition signal processing system; the signal acquisition card 12 acquires the amplified ignition signal, converts the ignition signal into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the signal processing system 13; the signal processing system 13 is used for demodulating the ignition signal, recording the ignition condition, generating a corresponding interlocking signal according to the ignition condition and transmitting the interlocking signal to the timing system 5 and the interlocking system 17;
the timing system 5 comprises a timing generator and a timing distributor, the timing distributor is installed at the downstream of the timing generator, the timing generator starts and stops according to the interlocking signal transmitted by the signal processing system 13 and generates a timing signal, and the timing signal is divided into multiple paths by the timing distributor and then is sent to a lower system to be used as a trigger signal of the lower system;
the interlocking system 17 comprises a PLC, and the interlocking system 17 controls the start and stop of the subordinate system according to the interlocking signal transmitted by the signal processing system 13.
Preferably, the lower system comprises a klystron 3, a microwave power source 4, a charging power supply 1 and a modulator 2.
Preferably, the metal camera 11 is made of 2mm thick metal and is flange-mounted on the observation window 14 of the klystron 3.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of:
the first step is as follows: the photodiode 9 is arranged on an observation window 14 of the klystron 3, and the photodiode 9 is wrapped in a metal darkroom 11 with a flange, so that the photodiode 9 can receive ignition information in the klystron and can be prevented from being interfered by external visible light signals;
the second step is that: setting bias voltage required by normal operation of the photodiode 9, leading an output signal of the photodiode out of a metal darkroom 11, and transmitting a sparking signal to a signal acquisition card 12 through a signal amplifier 10;
the third step: converting the analog signal output by the photodiode 9 into a digital signal by using a signal acquisition card 12, and outputting the digital signal to a signal processing system 13;
the fourth step: processing the input signal by the signal processing system 13, removing background noise, and recording the amplitude and frequency of each time when the input signal suddenly changes, thereby counting and recording the number and amplitude of sparking inside the klystron; meanwhile, when the phenomenon of sparking inside the klystron 3 is detected, an interlocking signal is immediately output to the timing system 5 and the interlocking system 17;
the fifth step: the timing generator in the timing system 5 generates a series of trigger signals of fixed period, which is the same as the period of the whole accelerator system and is distributed to the lower system by the timing distributor in the timing system 5;
and a sixth step: setting logic of interlocking signals and timing signals in the control modules of each lower-level system; when the interlocking signal is at a high level, the timing system 5, the microwave power source 4, the klystron 3, the charging power supply 1 and the modulator 2 work normally; when the interlocking signal is at a low level, the timing system 5, the microwave power source 4, the klystron 3, the charging power supply 1 and the modulator 2 stop working; when the microwave power source 4, the klystron 3, the charging power supply 1 and the modulator 2 receive a trigger signal of the timing system 5, the microwave power source 4, the klystron 3, the charging power supply 1 and the modulator 2 work normally; when the trigger signal is stopped, the microwave power source 4, the klystron 3, the charging power supply 1 and the modulator 2 are no longer operated.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can more reliably protect the safety of the klystron by absolutely monitoring the ignition information in the klystron, and has the advantages of absolute monitoring, simple structure, compact layout, good anti-interference performance and the like. The system requirements for monitoring and interlocking of the ignition of the klystron are well supplemented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a signal flow diagram of an FPGA of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a charging power supply; 2. a modulator; 3. a klystron; 4. a microwave power source; 5. a timing system; 6. a microwave accelerating tube; 7. a quartz window; 8. a waveguide; 9. a photodiode; 10. a signal amplifier; 11. a metal darkroom; 12. a signal acquisition card; 13. a signal processing system; 14. an observation window; 15. a trigger signal; 16. an interlock signal; 17 interlock system.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-3, a klystron internal strike monitoring interlock comprises: the ignition system comprises an ignition signal acquisition system, an ignition signal processing system, a timing system 5 and an interlocking system 17;
the ignition signal acquisition system comprises a metal darkroom 11, a photodiode 9 and a signal amplifier 10; the metal darkroom 11 is made of metal with the thickness of 2mm and is arranged on an observation window 14 of the klystron 3 through a flange, so that no visible light enters the metal darkroom 11; the photodiode 9 is installed in the metal darkroom 11, the front surface of the photodiode faces the observation window 14 of the klystron, and a signal wire is used for leading a signal out of the metal darkroom 11;
the ignition signal processing system comprises a signal acquisition card 12 and a signal processing system 13;
the signal amplifier 10 is arranged outside the metal darkroom 11 and is connected with the photodiode 9 and the signal acquisition card 12;
the photodiode 9 is used for collecting the ignition condition in the klystron 3 and generating an ignition signal, and the ignition signal is amplified by the signal amplifier 10 and then transmitted to the ignition signal processing system; the signal acquisition card 12 is installed between the signal amplifier 10 and the signal processing system 13, and is used for acquiring the ignition signal acquired by the photodiode 9 and converting the ignition signal into a digital signal, and a high-speed ADC is generally adopted; the signal acquisition card 12 acquires the amplified ignition signal, converts the ignition signal into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the signal processing system 13; the signal processing system 13 is used for demodulating the ignition signal, recording the ignition condition (including recording and counting the information of intensity, frequency and the like), generating a corresponding interlocking signal according to the ignition condition and transmitting the interlocking signal to the timing system 5 and the interlocking system 17;
the timing system 5 comprises a timing generator and a timing distributor, the timing generator is used for generating a series of timing pulses with fixed period, called timing signals, and the working state of the timing generator is controlled by an interlocking signal; when the interlocking signal is at a high level, the timing generator works; when the interlocking signal is at a low level, the timing generator stops working;
the timing distributor is arranged at the downstream of the timing generator, the timing generator starts and stops according to the interlocking signal transmitted by the signal processing system 13 and generates a timing signal, and the timing signal is divided into multiple paths by the timing distributor and then is sent to the lower system to be used as a trigger signal of the lower system;
the interlocking system 17 comprises a PLC, the interlocking system 17 controls the start and stop of a lower-level system according to an interlocking signal transmitted by the signal processing system 13, the input end of the interlocking system is controlled by the interlocking signal output by the signal processing system 13, and the output end signal is sent to a downstream klystron 3, a microwave power source 4, a charging power supply 1, a modulator 2 and other systems to be used as the interlocking signal of each system; when the interlocking signal of the interlocking system 17 becomes low, the systems of the downstream klystron 3, the microwave power source 4, the charging power supply 1, the modulator 2 and the like stop working; interlock system 17 has the advantage of being fast in response time.
A method for monitoring ignition inside a klystron comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: the photodiode 9 is arranged on an observation window 14 of the klystron 3, and the photodiode 9 is wrapped in a metal darkroom 11 with a flange, so that the photodiode 9 can receive ignition information in the klystron and can be prevented from being interfered by external visible light signals;
the second step is that: setting bias voltage required by normal operation of the photodiode 9, leading an output signal of the photodiode out of a metal darkroom 11, and transmitting a sparking signal to a signal acquisition card 12 through a signal amplifier 10;
the third step: converting the analog signal output by the photodiode 9 into a digital signal by using a signal acquisition card 12, and outputting the digital signal to a signal processing system 13;
the fourth step: processing the input signal by the signal processing system 13, removing background noise, and recording the amplitude and frequency of each time when the input signal suddenly changes, thereby counting and recording the number and amplitude of sparking inside the klystron; meanwhile, when the phenomenon of sparking inside the klystron 3 is detected, an interlocking signal is immediately output to the timing system 5 and the interlocking system 17;
the fifth step: the timing generator in the timing system 5 generates a series of trigger signals of fixed period, which is the same as the period of the whole accelerator system and is distributed to the lower system by the timing distributor in the timing system 5;
and a sixth step: setting logic of interlocking signals and timing signals in the control modules of each lower-level system; when the interlocking signal is at a high level, the timing system 5, the microwave power source 4, the klystron 3, the charging power supply 1 and the modulator 2 work normally; when the interlocking signal is at a low level, the timing system 5, the microwave power source 4, the klystron 3, the charging power supply 1 and the modulator 2 stop working; when the microwave power source 4, the klystron 3, the charging power supply 1 and the modulator 2 receive a trigger signal of the timing system 5, the microwave power source 4, the klystron 3, the charging power supply 1 and the modulator 2 work normally; when the trigger signal is stopped, the microwave power source 4, the klystron 3, the charging power supply 1 and the modulator 2 are no longer operated.
Example 2
Monitoring interlock based on strike sparks in 2856MHz 280MW klystron:
the 2856MHz 280MW klystron is the important power source equipment of big coherent light source, this system is made up of two E3730A klystrons and two E3712 klystrons that Japan Toshiba company produced, the internal phenomenon of striking sparks of each klystron during operation must be protected alone, in order to improve the reliability of striking sparks protection, the internal signal of striking sparks of each way klystron is monitored simultaneously in this embodiment. The signal group in the klystron is acquired by a photodiode 9, amplified by a signal amplifier 10 and acquired into an ADC acquisition card, an analog signal is converted into a digital signal, and the acquired signal is processed by an FPGA circuit. When the FPGA works, a high-level interlocking signal is output to the outside, and when the FPGA finds that the amplitude of the demodulated ignition signal exceeds a threshold value, the interlocking signal is set to be 0. The timing system 5 is composed of a DG645 and a BNC588, the DG645 sends a series of continuous periodic signals to the BNC588 according to a set timing, and the BNC588 divides the signals into a plurality of paths to be sent to each system to be used as a trigger signal. An interlock signal provided by the signal control system is used to control whether DG645 is operating. When the fixed mode signal is 1, DG645 works normally, otherwise stops working.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The method for monitoring and interlocking the internal ignition of the klystron is characterized in that: the internal sparking monitoring interlocking method of the klystron is realized based on an internal sparking monitoring interlocking device of the klystron, and the internal sparking monitoring interlocking device of the klystron comprises the following steps: the ignition system comprises an ignition signal acquisition system, an ignition signal processing system, a timing system (5) and an interlocking system (17);
the ignition signal acquisition system comprises a metal darkroom (11), a photodiode (9) and a signal amplifier (10);
the ignition signal processing system comprises a signal acquisition card (12) and a signal processing system (13);
the metal darkroom (11) is arranged on an observation window (14) of the klystron (3), the photodiode (9) is arranged in the metal darkroom (11) and leads signals out of the metal darkroom (11) through a signal wire; the signal amplifier (10) is arranged outside the metal darkroom (11) and is connected with the photodiode (9) and the signal acquisition card (12); the photodiode (9) is used for collecting the ignition condition in the klystron (3) and generating an ignition signal, and the ignition signal is amplified by the signal amplifier (10) and then transmitted to the ignition signal processing system; the signal acquisition card (12) acquires the amplified ignition signal, converts the ignition signal into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the signal processing system (13); the signal processing system (13) is used for demodulating the ignition signal, recording the ignition condition, generating a corresponding interlocking signal according to the ignition condition and transmitting the interlocking signal to the timing system (5) and the interlocking system (17);
the timing system (5) comprises a timing generator and a timing distributor, the timing distributor is installed at the downstream of the timing generator, the timing generator starts and stops according to an interlocking signal transmitted by the signal processing system (13) and generates a timing signal, and the timing signal is divided into multiple paths by the timing distributor and then is sent to a lower system to serve as a trigger signal of the lower system;
the interlocking system (17) comprises a PLC, and the interlocking system (17) controls the start and stop of a subordinate system according to an interlocking signal transmitted by the signal processing system (13);
the method for monitoring and interlocking the internal ignition of the klystron comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: the photodiode (9) is arranged on an observation window (14) of the klystron (3), and the photodiode (9) is wrapped in a metal darkroom (11) with a flange, so that the photodiode (9) can receive ignition information in the klystron, and can be prevented from being interfered by external visible light signals;
the second step is that: setting bias voltage required by normal operation of a photodiode (9), leading an output signal of the photodiode out of a metal darkroom (11), and transmitting a firing signal to a signal acquisition card (12) through a signal amplifier (10);
the third step: converting an analog signal output by the photodiode (9) into a digital signal by using a signal acquisition card (12), and outputting the digital signal to a signal processing system (13);
the fourth step: processing the input signal through a signal processing system (13), removing background noise, and recording the amplitude and frequency of each time when the input signal suddenly changes, thereby counting and recording the ignition times and amplitude inside the klystron; meanwhile, when the phenomenon of sparking inside the klystron (3) is detected, an interlocking signal is immediately output to the timing system (5) and the interlocking system (17);
the fifth step: the timing generator in the timing system (5) generates a series of trigger signals with fixed period, the period of the trigger signals is the same as that of the whole accelerator system, and the trigger signals are distributed to the lower-level systems by the timing distributor in the timing system (5);
and a sixth step: setting logic of interlocking signals and timing signals in the control modules of each lower-level system; when the interlocking signal is at a high level, the timing system (5), the microwave power source (4), the klystron (3), the charging power supply (1) and the modulator (2) work normally; when the interlocking signal is at a low level, the timing system (5), the microwave power source (4), the klystron (3), the charging power supply (1) and the modulator (2) stop working; when the microwave power source (4), the klystron (3), the charging power supply (1) and the modulator (2) receive a trigger signal of the timing system (5), the microwave power source (4), the klystron (3), the charging power supply (1) and the modulator (2) work normally; when the trigger signal stops, the microwave power source (4), the klystron (3), the charging power supply (1) and the modulator (2) do not work any more.
2. The klystron internal sparking monitoring interlock method according to claim 1, characterized by: the lower-level system comprises a klystron (3), a microwave power source (4), a charging power supply (1) and a modulator (2).
3. The klystron internal sparking monitoring interlock method according to claim 1, characterized by: the metal darkroom (11) is made of metal with the thickness of 2mm and is arranged on an observation window (14) of the klystron (3) through a flange.
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