CN109917257B - Transformer partial discharge ultrasonic positioning method - Google Patents
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- CN109917257B CN109917257B CN201910347117.XA CN201910347117A CN109917257B CN 109917257 B CN109917257 B CN 109917257B CN 201910347117 A CN201910347117 A CN 201910347117A CN 109917257 B CN109917257 B CN 109917257B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a transformer partial discharge ultrasonic positioning method, wherein four ultrasonic sensors are attached to the outer surface of a transformer oil tank to receive ultrasonic signals generated by partial discharge, the ultrasonic signals subjected to denoising and amplification processing are analyzed, arrival time difference is obtained through a threshold value method, a time difference equation is established, initial coordinates of a partial discharge source are obtained, and further, the structure of a transformer is considered, the coordinates of the partial discharge source are corrected, and more accurate coordinates of the partial discharge source are obtained. The invention reduces the positioning result error caused by uncorrected ultrasonic propagation speed and improves the accuracy of the transformer partial discharge ultrasonic positioning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of partial discharge positioning of transformers, and particularly relates to a partial discharge ultrasonic positioning method of a transformer.
Background
Transformers are an indispensable part of power systems, and changing the alternating voltage based on the law of electromagnetic induction enables a voltage of kilovolts on a power transmission system to be gradually converted into 220V alternating current that can be used by users. However, the transformer operating for a long time is aged and damped, partial discharge is inevitably induced to accelerate the aging of the internal oil paper insulation, and the integral insulation of the transformer even fails under the action of a long time. Therefore, the position of the partial discharge source can be accurately acquired, and the method has important significance for defect identification and defect danger degree evaluation of the partial discharge source. Partial discharge of transformers has been regarded as a hot topic for power system research circles.
Partial discharge ultrasonic positioning is a widely used method for positioning partial discharge of transformers because of the acoustic signals generated by partial discharge and the simple arrangement of the ultrasonic sensors for acquiring the acoustic signals and the good anti-electromagnetic interference capability. At present, most of partial discharge ultrasonic positioning adopts an arrival time difference method, researchers mostly take a direct wave path as a path for the first wave to arrive, and the default ultrasonic wave only propagates in insulating oil, and changes of sound velocity when the ultrasonic wave passes through other media are ignored, so that a large error exists in a partial discharge positioning result. Therefore, a new method for positioning transformer by partial discharge ultrasonic wave is urgently needed, which corrects the propagation speed of ultrasonic wave and further reduces the error of positioning result.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a transformer partial discharge ultrasonic positioning method, aiming at reducing positioning result errors caused by uncorrected ultrasonic propagation speed and improving the accuracy of transformer partial discharge ultrasonic positioning.
The partial discharge ultrasonic positioning method for the transformer comprises the following steps:
step one, acquiring an ultrasonic signal:
a 1 st ultrasonic sensor, a 2 nd ultrasonic sensor, a 3 rd ultrasonic sensor and a 4 th ultrasonic sensor are arranged on the outer side of the transformer oil tank, the 1 st ultrasonic sensor is connected with the four-channel oscilloscope through a first coaxial cable, the 2 nd ultrasonic sensor is connected with the four-channel oscilloscope through a second coaxial cable, the 3 rd ultrasonic sensor is connected with the four-channel oscilloscope through a third coaxial cable, and the 4 th ultrasonic sensor is connected with the four-channel oscilloscope through a fourth coaxial cable; the ultrasonic sensors are not coplanar;
the 1 st ultrasonic sensor is a reference sensor;
obtaining ultrasonic signals generated by a local discharge source through a 1 st ultrasonic sensor, a 2 nd ultrasonic sensor, a 3 rd ultrasonic sensor, a 4 th ultrasonic sensor and a four-channel oscilloscope;
secondly, signal denoising and amplifying treatment:
denoising and amplifying the ultrasonic signal to obtain a processed ultrasonic signal;
thirdly, calculating the arrival time difference:
the arrival time of the ultrasonic signals received by the 1 st ultrasonic sensor, the 2 nd ultrasonic sensor, the 3 rd ultrasonic sensor and the 4 th ultrasonic sensor is obtained by using a threshold method, and the arrival time is sequentially T1、T2、T3、T4(ii) a Then find T1Respectively with T2、T3、T4I.e. the preliminary time difference T of the ultrasonic signals received by the 1 st ultrasonic sensor, the 2 nd ultrasonic sensor, the 3 rd ultrasonic sensor and the 4 th ultrasonic sensori1I is the serial number of the 2 nd ultrasonic sensor, the 3 rd ultrasonic sensor and the 4 th ultrasonic sensor, and i is 2, 3 and 4;
fourthly, preliminarily positioning a local discharge source:
4.1, establishing a time difference equation set:
wherein (x)1，y1，z1) Position of the 1 st ultrasonic sensor, (x)i，yi，zi) (x) the location of the ith ultrasonic sensorp，yp，zp) As preliminary location of the partial discharge source, v1For the propagation velocity, T, of ultrasonic signals in transformer insulating oili1The time difference of the signal obtained in the third step reaching the ith ultrasonic sensor and the 1 st ultrasonic sensor;
4.2 solving the equation set in 4.1 to obtain the initial position (x) of the partial discharge sourcep，yp，zp) A value of (d);
fifthly, correcting the position of the partial discharge source:
5.1 finding the propagation of the ultrasonic signal from the preliminary location of the partial discharge source to the 1 st ultrasoundEstimated time T of wave sensor1：
5.2 finding the estimated time T for the ultrasonic signal to propagate from the preliminary location of the partial discharge source to the ith ultrasonic sensori：
Ti＝T1+Ti1
5.3 determining an error correction value ε for the 1 st ultrasonic sensor1：
Determining an error correction value epsilon of the ith ultrasonic sensori：
Wherein j is a medium number through which the ultrasonic signal passes, j 1 is transformer insulating oil, j 2 is a transformer winding, j 3 is a transformer core, and v is a voltage1For the propagation velocity, v, of ultrasonic signals in transformer insulating oil2For the propagation velocity, v, of the ultrasonic signal in the transformer winding3For the propagation velocity of the ultrasonic signal in the transformer core, d1Distance of the preliminary position of the partial discharge source to the 1 st ultrasonic sensor, d1,jFor the total distance of the propagation of the ultrasonic signal from the preliminary location of the partial discharge source into the 1 st ultrasonic sensor through the j medium, diDistance of the preliminary position of the partial discharge source to the ith ultrasonic sensor, di,jThe total distance of the ultrasonic signal from the preliminary position of the partial discharge source to the ith ultrasonic sensor through the j medium is calculated;
5.4 finding the correction time for the propagation of the ultrasonic signal from the preliminary location of the partial discharge source to the 1 st ultrasonic sensor
Determining a correction time for the propagation of an ultrasonic signal from a preliminary location of a partial discharge source to an ith ultrasonic sensor
5.5 obtaining the corrected time difference of the ultrasonic signals received by the 1 st ultrasonic sensor, the 2 nd ultrasonic sensor, the 3 rd ultrasonic sensor and the 4 th ultrasonic sensor
5.6, establishing a correction time difference equation set:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
a corrected position for a partial discharge source;
5.7 solving the equation set in 5.6 to obtain the corrected position of the partial discharge source
The value of (c).
The ultrasonic positioning method corrects the propagation time of the ultrasonic in the transformer by calculating the difference between the propagation time of the ultrasonic when the ultrasonic passes through the solid medium and the propagation time of the ultrasonic in the oil, thereby reducing the positioning error caused by the fact that the default ultrasonic is only propagated in the insulating oil in the traditional partial discharge ultrasonic positioning method, and effectively improving the accuracy of the partial discharge ultrasonic positioning of the transformer.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a transformer partial discharge ultrasonic positioning device.
The ultrasonic sensor comprises a 1-four-channel oscilloscope, a 2-first coaxial cable, a 3-second coaxial cable, a 4-third coaxial cable, a 5-fourth coaxial cable, a 6-1 st ultrasonic sensor, a 7-2 nd ultrasonic sensor, an 8-3 rd ultrasonic sensor, a 9-4 th ultrasonic sensor and a 10-transformer oil tank.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The ultrasonic positioning method for partial discharge of the transformer mainly comprises the following steps:
step one, acquiring an ultrasonic signal:
a 1 st ultrasonic sensor, a 2 nd ultrasonic sensor, a 3 rd ultrasonic sensor and a 4 th ultrasonic sensor are arranged on the outer side of the transformer oil tank, the 1 st ultrasonic sensor is connected with the four-channel oscilloscope through a first coaxial cable, the 2 nd ultrasonic sensor is connected with the four-channel oscilloscope through a second coaxial cable, the 3 rd ultrasonic sensor is connected with the four-channel oscilloscope through a third coaxial cable, and the 4 th ultrasonic sensor is connected with the four-channel oscilloscope through a fourth coaxial cable; the 4 ultrasonic sensors are not coplanar;
the 1 st ultrasonic sensor is a reference sensor;
obtaining ultrasonic signals generated by a local discharge source through a 1 st ultrasonic sensor, a 2 nd ultrasonic sensor, a 3 rd ultrasonic sensor, a 4 th ultrasonic sensor and a four-channel oscilloscope;
secondly, signal denoising and amplifying treatment:
denoising and amplifying the ultrasonic signal to obtain a processed ultrasonic signal;
thirdly, calculating the arrival time difference:
1 st ultrasonic sensor by using threshold value methodThe preliminary time difference T between the ultrasonic signals received by the 2 nd ultrasonic sensor, the 3 rd ultrasonic sensor and the 4 th ultrasonic sensori1I is the serial number of the 2 nd ultrasonic sensor, the 3 rd ultrasonic sensor and the 4 th ultrasonic sensor, and i is 2, 3 and 4;
fourthly, preliminarily positioning a local discharge source:
4.1, establishing a time difference equation set:
wherein (x)1，y1，z1) Position of the 1 st ultrasonic sensor, (x)i，yi，zi) (x) the location of the ith ultrasonic sensorp，yp，zp) As preliminary location of the partial discharge source, v1For the propagation velocity, T, of ultrasonic signals in transformer insulating oili1The time difference of the signal obtained in the third step reaching the ith ultrasonic sensor and the 1 st ultrasonic sensor;
4.2 solving the equation set in 4.1 to obtain the initial position (x) of the partial discharge sourcep，yp，zp) A value of (d);
fifthly, correcting the position of the partial discharge source:
5.1 finding the estimated time T for the propagation of the ultrasonic signal from the preliminary location of the partial discharge source to the 1 st ultrasonic sensor1：
5.2 finding the estimated time T for the ultrasonic signal to propagate from the preliminary location of the partial discharge source to the ith ultrasonic sensori：
Ti＝T1+Ti1
5.3 determining an error correction value ε for the 1 st ultrasonic sensor1：
Determining an error correction value epsilon of the ith ultrasonic sensori：
Wherein j is a medium number through which the ultrasonic signal passes, j 1 is transformer insulating oil, j 2 is a transformer winding, j 3 is a transformer core, and v is a voltage1For the propagation velocity, v, of ultrasonic signals in transformer insulating oil2For the propagation velocity, v, of the ultrasonic signal in the transformer winding3For the propagation velocity of the ultrasonic signal in the transformer core, d1Distance of the preliminary position of the partial discharge source to the 1 st ultrasonic sensor, d1,jFor the total distance of the propagation of the ultrasonic signal from the preliminary location of the partial discharge source into the 1 st ultrasonic sensor through the j medium, diDistance of the preliminary position of the partial discharge source to the ith ultrasonic sensor, di,jThe total distance of the ultrasonic signal from the preliminary position of the partial discharge source to the ith ultrasonic sensor through the j medium is calculated;
5.4 finding the correction time for the propagation of the ultrasonic signal from the preliminary location of the partial discharge source to the 1 st ultrasonic sensor
Determining a correction time for the propagation of an ultrasonic signal from a preliminary location of a partial discharge source to an ith ultrasonic sensor
5.5 obtaining the 1 st ultrasonic sensorCorrected time difference from the ultrasonic signals received by the 2 nd ultrasonic sensor, the 3 rd ultrasonic sensor and the 4 th ultrasonic sensor
5.6, establishing a correction time difference equation set:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
a corrected position for a partial discharge source;
5.7 solving the equation set in 5.6 to obtain the corrected position of the partial discharge source
The value of (c).
Claims (1)
1. The ultrasonic positioning method for partial discharge of the transformer is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, acquiring an ultrasonic signal:
a 1 st ultrasonic sensor (6), a 2 nd ultrasonic sensor (7), a 3 rd ultrasonic sensor (8) and a 4 th ultrasonic sensor (9) are installed on the outer side of a transformer oil tank (10), the 1 st ultrasonic sensor (6) is connected with a four-channel oscilloscope (1) through a first coaxial cable (2), the 2 nd ultrasonic sensor (7) is connected with the four-channel oscilloscope (1) through a second coaxial cable (3), the 3 rd ultrasonic sensor (8) is connected with the four-channel oscilloscope (1) through a third coaxial cable (4), and the 4 th ultrasonic sensor (9) is connected with the four-channel oscilloscope (1) through a fourth coaxial cable (5); the ultrasonic sensors are not coplanar;
the 1 st ultrasonic sensor (6) is a reference sensor;
ultrasonic signals generated by a partial discharge source are obtained through the 1 st ultrasonic sensor (6), the 2 nd ultrasonic sensor (7), the 3 rd ultrasonic sensor (8), the 4 th ultrasonic sensor (9) and the four-channel oscilloscope (1);
secondly, signal denoising and amplifying treatment:
denoising and amplifying the ultrasonic signal to obtain a processed ultrasonic signal;
thirdly, calculating the arrival time difference:
the arrival time of the ultrasonic signals received by the 1 st ultrasonic sensor, the 2 nd ultrasonic sensor, the 3 rd ultrasonic sensor and the 4 th ultrasonic sensor is obtained by using a threshold method, and the arrival time is sequentially T1、T2、T3、T4(ii) a Then find T1Respectively with T2、T3、T4I.e. the preliminary time difference T of the ultrasonic signals received by the 1 st ultrasonic sensor, the 2 nd ultrasonic sensor, the 3 rd ultrasonic sensor and the 4 th ultrasonic sensori1I is the serial number of the 2 nd ultrasonic sensor, the 3 rd ultrasonic sensor and the 4 th ultrasonic sensor, and i is 2, 3 and 4;
fourthly, preliminarily positioning a local discharge source:
4.1, establishing a time difference equation set:
wherein (x)1，y1，z1) (x) is the position of the 1 st ultrasonic sensori，yi，zi) (x) the location of the ith ultrasonic sensorp，yp，zp) Is the preliminary position of the partial discharge source, v1For the propagation velocity, T, of the ultrasonic signal in the transformer insulating oili1The time difference of the signal obtained in the third step reaching the ith ultrasonic sensor and the 1 st ultrasonic sensor;
4.2 solving the equation set in 4.1 to obtain the initial position (x) of the partial discharge sourcep，yp，zp) A value of (d);
fifthly, correcting the position of the partial discharge source:
5.1 finding the estimated time T for the ultrasonic signal to propagate from the preliminary location of the partial discharge source to the 1 st ultrasonic sensor (6)1：
5.2 finding the estimated time T for the ultrasonic signal to propagate from the preliminary location of the partial discharge source to the ith ultrasonic sensori：
Ti＝T1+Ti1
5.3 determining an error correction value epsilon of the 1 st ultrasonic sensor (6)1：
Determining an error correction value epsilon of the ith ultrasonic sensori：
Wherein j is a medium number through which the ultrasonic signal passes, j 1 is transformer insulating oil, j 2 is a transformer winding, j 3 is a transformer core, and v is a voltage1For the propagation velocity, v, of the ultrasonic signal in the transformer insulating oil2For the propagation velocity, v, of the ultrasonic signal in the transformer winding3For the propagation velocity of the ultrasonic signal in the transformer core, d1Is the distance from the initial position of the partial discharge source to the 1 st ultrasonic sensor (6), d1,jFor the total distance of the ultrasonic signal from the preliminary position of the partial discharge source to propagate into the 1 st ultrasonic sensor (6) through the j medium, diDistance from the preliminary position of the partial discharge source to the ith ultrasonic sensor, di,jFor the ultrasonic signals from the officeThe total distance of the primary position of the partial discharge source, which is transmitted to the ith ultrasonic sensor and passes through the j medium;
5.4 determining the correction time for the propagation of the ultrasonic signal from the preliminary position of the partial discharge source to the 1 st ultrasonic sensor (6)
Determining a correction time for the propagation of the ultrasonic signal from the preliminary location of the partial discharge source to the ith ultrasonic sensor
5.5 obtaining the corrected time difference of the ultrasonic signals received by the 1 st ultrasonic sensor (6), the 2 nd ultrasonic sensor (7), the 3 rd ultrasonic sensor (8) and the 4 th ultrasonic sensor (9)
5.6, establishing a correction time difference equation set:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
a corrected position for the partial discharge source;
5.7 solving the equation set in 5.6 to obtain the corrected position of the partial discharge source
The value of (c).
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| CN111474454B (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2022-11-08 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Transformer partial discharge positioning method and device based on wireless ultrasound |
| CN115575770B (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2023-03-24 | 南方电网数字电网研究院有限公司 | Partial discharge signal positioning method, device, terminal and storage medium |
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