CN109894684A - A kind of ultrasonic wave added cutting vibration system - Google Patents

A kind of ultrasonic wave added cutting vibration system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109894684A
CN109894684A CN201910263272.3A CN201910263272A CN109894684A CN 109894684 A CN109894684 A CN 109894684A CN 201910263272 A CN201910263272 A CN 201910263272A CN 109894684 A CN109894684 A CN 109894684A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
ultrasonic
amplitude transformer
knife bar
piezoelectric ceramic
ceramic piece
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Pending
Application number
CN201910263272.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
马付建
张旭
刘宇
杨大鹏
张生芳
沙智华
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Dalian Jiaotong University
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Dalian Jiaotong University
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Priority to CN201910263272.3A priority Critical patent/CN109894684A/en
Publication of CN109894684A publication Critical patent/CN109894684A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of ultrasonic wave added cutting vibration systems, including ultrasonic transducer;Insulation sleeve and whole superhard cutter knife bar, are located at the ultrasonic amplitude transformer front end;The ultrasonic amplitude transformer front end and the whole superhard cutter knife bar are interference fitted by hot charging and are connected.It is connect using correction of the flank shape entirety superhard cutter knife bar with correction of the flank shape ultrasonic amplitude transformer hot charging interference the invention discloses a kind of, solves the concentration of stress existing for junction, it eliminates under high frequency or large amplitude ultrasonic vibration, whole superhard cutter is easy to happen fracture or fragmentation problem.Simultaneously because connecting only with a mating surface, the assembly precision of cutter is high, and the high-precision for realizing whole superhard cutter knife bar high frequency or the processing of large amplitude ultrasonic cutting is reliably connected.

Description

A kind of ultrasonic wave added cutting vibration system
Technical field
The invention belongs to Ultrasonic machining technology field more particularly to a kind of ultrasonic wave added cutting vibration systems.
Background technique
In recent years, novel high-performance material, such as high temperature alloy, titanium alloy, high strength steel, composite material advanced material Due to its excellent performance, had been more and more widely used in fields such as aerospaces.These material work in-processes are shown The processing such as workhardness is big, cutting force is big, cutting temperature is high, tool wear is serious, processing efficiency is low, processing quality is undesirable are asked Topic, belongs to typical difficult-to-machine material.Process this kind of materials'use cutter be mainly hard alloy cutter, diamond cutter, The superhard cutters such as cubic boron nitride cutting tool mainly have two class of superhard cutting blade and whole superhard cutter.Superhard cutting blade is mainly by hard The materials such as alloy, diamond, cubic boron nitride are made, and are used primarily on mechanical clamped cutting tool.Whole superhard cutter mainly has whole hard Matter alloy and its coated cutting tool etc., the mainly cutter of small size.Adding for difficult-to-machine material is carried out only with superhard cutter at present Work be no longer satisfied high-end manufacturing industry to part high quality, high-precision and with efficient processing request.
Ultrasonic wave added Machining Technology for Cutting is that the one kind being compounded to form is vibrated using traditional machining and high frequency ultrasound newly Processing technology.It is real that this processing technology mainly passes through machine cut effect, the micro- effect of impact of high frequency and ultrasonic cavitation The removal of existing material.Due to the introducing of ultrasonic vibration, the cutting mechanisms of material are changed, reduce rubbing between workpiece and cutter Power is wiped, makes discontinuous contact reduces the action time of cutter and workpiece, reduces cutting force, reduces tool wear, improves and adds Work surface quality meets high-precision, high quality and efficient part processing request.A large amount of theoretical and experimental investigations discoveries, surpass The difficult-to-machine materials such as sound assisted machining processing high temperature alloy, titanium alloy, composite material can obtain better processing quality and essence Degree, greatly reduces tool wear, improves processing efficiency.
When carrying out the cutting of difficult-to-machine material ultrasonic wave added using whole superhard cutter, cutter is connect good with ultrasonic amplitude transformer The bad working performance for determining ultrasonic wave added cutting vibration system, and ultrasonic wave added cutting vibration system is to realize that ultrasonic wave added adds The key of work.Entirety superhard cutter and the common connection type of ultrasonic amplitude transformer mainly has collet to connect and hot charging at present It is full of mating connection two ways.
Patent CN201710143450 discloses a kind of ultrasonic vibration milling, drill unit, in this device whole hard Alloy cutter and ultrasonic amplitude transformer use collet connection type, and such connection type advantage is that structure is simple, automatic Positioning clamps, and handling replacement cutter is convenient.But this connection type is there are tool assembly precision is low, Yi Fare in the course of work, Ultrasonic energy losses are caused, ultrasonic energy transmission efficiency is low;The chucking power of offer is relatively small, and the bearing capacity of cutter is smaller; There are stress concentration, cutters to be easy to happen fracture or fragmentation under high frequency or large amplitude ultrasonic vibration for junction.
Patent CN201811307405 discloses a kind of hot charging formula ultra-magnetic telescopic ultrasound knife handle, solid carbide The connection type that hot charging interference fit is used with ultrasonic amplitude transformer is connected compared to collet, has higher cooperation essence Degree and ultrasonic energy transmission efficiency.But since junction is there are stress concentration, cutter is easy to happen disconnected under high frequency ultrasound vibration It splits or fragmentation, there are problems that connection reliability.
In longitudinal pumping formula ultrasonic vibration milling handle device disclosed in patent CN201610048459, by the hard of standard Alloy milling cutter end hot charging thread head processes the threaded hole that matches in ultrasonic amplitude transformer, realize solid carbide with The connection of ultrasonic amplitude transformer.It is connected compared to common hot charging interference, this connection type is more convenient the installation and removal of cutter, still Due to being connected twice by screw thread and hot charging, cooperation precision is reduced, ultrasonic energy loss is increased.Same junction, which exists, answers Power concentration problem is not suitable for working under high frequency or large amplitude ultrasonic vibration.
Summary of the invention
According to above-mentioned when carrying out difficult-to-machine material ultrasonic wave added machining using whole superhard cutter, current ultrasound There are ultrasonic energy transmission efficiencies that low, cutter is easy to happen under high frequency or large amplitude ultrasonic vibration is disconnected for assisted machining vibrational system It splits or the problems such as fragmentation.The invention discloses one kind to be used for the cutting of hardworking material, high-precision, high reliability, big carrying and height Imitate the ultrasonic wave added cutting vibration system of ultrasonic energy transmitting.
A kind of ultrasonic wave added cutting vibration system, including ultrasonic transducer comprising pretension bolt, back shroud and ultrasound Amplitude transformer, the pretension bolt passes through the back shroud and connect with the ultrasonic amplitude of fluctuation rod rear end, and will be located at the back shroud Insulating ceramic film one, rear piezoelectric ceramic piece, preceding piezoelectric ceramic piece and insulating ceramic film two between the ultrasonic amplitude transformer are pressed Tightly;
Insulation sleeve, in the bolt section of the pretension bolt between the back shroud and the ultrasonic amplitude transformer, On be sequentially socketed with the insulating ceramic film one, it is described after piezoelectric ceramic piece, the preceding piezoelectric ceramic piece and the insulating ceramics Piece two, the rear rear end face of piezoelectric ceramic piece and the front end face of the preceding piezoelectric ceramic piece have been respectively fixedly connected with electrode slice One, pass through the electrode slice two being located between the two between piezoelectric ceramic piece and the preceding piezoelectric ceramic piece after described and is fixedly connected;
And whole superhard cutter knife bar, it is located at the ultrasonic amplitude transformer front end;
The ultrasonic amplitude transformer front end and the whole superhard cutter knife bar are interference fitted by hot charging and are connected.
Lead between the pretension bolt and the back shroud and between the pretension bolt and the ultrasonic amplitude transformer Cross threaded connection.
The ultrasonic amplitude transformer front end is equipped with the connecting hole with the whole superhard cutter knife bar hot charging interference fit.
The connecting hole is handled by correction of the flank shape;
The entirety superhard cutter knife bar has the knife bar face for matching with the connecting hole and handling by correction of the flank shape.
The electrode slice one is connect with the positive or negative pole of ultrasonic signal generator, the electrode slice two and the electrode The polarity of electrode for the ultrasonic signal generator that piece one connects is opposite.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, realize that whole superhard cutter knife bar and ultrasonic amplitude transformer high-precision are reliably connected
The collet connection type used in patent CN201710143450 becomes solid carbide and ultrasound The connection of width bar, this connection type are cooperated by the outer conical surface and ultrasonic amplitude transformer of collet, and inner cylinder face is matched with cutter It closes, and realizes the clamping of cutter by the flexible deformation of collet, therefore the installation accuracy of cutter surface error with two The sum of determine, therefore tool assembly precision is relatively low.In patent CN201610048459, it is interference fitted using cutter hot charging Cutter is connected with thread head, is connected by screw thread with ultrasonic amplitude transformer, due to being connected by screw thread with two mating surfaces of hot charging, Equally reduce cooperation precision.In patent CN20181130740, solid carbide and ultrasonic amplitude transformer are using common Hot charging interference fit connection, only by a mating surface connection, cooperation precision is relatively high.And in patent There is stress concentration in the connection type used in CN201710143450, CN201610048459 and CN20181130740 Under high frequency or large amplitude ultrasonic vibration, fracture or fragmentation easily occur for problem since whole superhard cutter is hard brittle material. It is connect using correction of the flank shape entirety superhard cutter knife bar with correction of the flank shape ultrasonic amplitude transformer hot charging interference the invention discloses a kind of, the company of solving Connect the existing stress in place to concentrate, eliminate under high frequency or large amplitude ultrasonic vibration, whole superhard cutter be easy to happen fracture or Fragmentation problem.Simultaneously because connecting only with a mating surface, the assembly precision of cutter is high, realizes whole superhard cutter knife bar High frequency or the high-precision of large amplitude ultrasonic cutting processing are reliably connected.
2, ultrasonic energy transmission efficiency is high
The collet connection used in patent CN201710143450 and the heat used in patent CN201610048459 It fills interference connection and hot charging is threadedly coupled, be attached by two mating surfaces, therefore ultrasonic vibrational energy is become by ultrasound It when width bar passes to cutter, needs to transmit by mating surface twice, there is energy loss twice, during the work time easily fever, Ultrasonic energy transmission efficiency is lower.The hot charging interference fit connection used in patent CN201811307405, due to connecting in cooperation There are stress concentrations at the place of connecing, so that some places contact stress is big in mating surface, some places contact stress is small, and contact surface is non- Iso-stress contact, causes the juxtaposition metamorphose in mating surface inconsistent, and cooperation precision is relatively low, and ultrasonic energy passes on a mating The consumption generated when passing is relatively large, and transmission efficiency is relatively low.The present invention is connected using the improved hot charging interference fit of correction of the flank shape, It solves problem of stress concentration existing for junction, realizes iso-stress contact, cooperation precision is high, is not easy to generate heat, be not likely to produce Ultrasonic energy losses, therefore ultrasonic energy transmission efficiency is high.
3, the large carrying capacity of whole superhard cutter knife bar
In the connection type used in patent CN201710143450, CN201610048459 and CN20181130740 There are problem of stress concentration, in order to avoid whole superhard cutter is broken in high frequency or large amplitude ultrasonic wave added machining Or fragmentation, collet connection type, use reduction chuck nut screwing force to reduce junction chucking power with this;Hot charging interference connects Mode is connect, chucking power is reduced using the magnitude of interference for reducing junction.By reducing chucking power, so that stress concentrated position is answered Power is less than allowable stress during ultrasonic vibration, and the fracture or fragmentation of cutter are avoided with this.The load born by cutter Lotus is transmitted by the mating surface of junction, and chucking power, which becomes smaller, causes cutter to fluff with amplitude transformer cooperation, so cutter is held Loading capability becomes smaller.The present invention solves problem of stress concentration existing for junction using the improved hot charging interference connection of correction of the flank shape, real Show in the case where not reducing original chucking power, what the stress of cutter junction was respectively less than during ultrasonic vibration allowable answers Power, under high frequency or large amplitude ultrasonic vibration, compared to patent CN201710143450, CN201610048459 and CN20181130740, the large carrying capacity of whole superhard cutter knife bar of the invention.
The present invention can cut the fields such as difficult-to-machine material in ultrasonic wave added and be widely popularized based on the above reasons.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below There is attached drawing needed in technical description to do simply to introduce, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is this hair Bright some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative labor, can be with It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of ultrasonic wave added cutting vibration system in a specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of ultrasonic amplitude transformer front end in a specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the portion A enlarged structure schematic diagram in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is whole superhard cutter knife bar rear end structure schematic diagram in a specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the portion B enlarged structure schematic diagram in Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the cooperation of the correction of the flank shape of ultrasonic wave added cutting vibration system and non-correction of the flank shape processing in a specific embodiment of the invention Equivalent stress comparison diagram.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art Every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in figs 1 to 6, a kind of ultrasonic wave added cutting vibration system, including ultrasonic transducer comprising pre-tighten spiral shell Bolt 1, back shroud 2 and ultrasonic amplitude transformer 3, the pretension bolt 1 pass through the back shroud 2 and connect with 3 rear end of ultrasonic amplitude transformer It connects, and by the insulating ceramic film 1 between the back shroud 2 and the ultrasonic amplitude transformer 3, rear piezoelectric ceramic piece 5, preceding pressure Electroceramics piece 6 and insulating ceramic film 27 compress;
Insulation sleeve 8, the bolt section of the pretension bolt 1 between the back shroud 2 and the ultrasonic amplitude transformer 3 On, be sequentially socketed with thereon the insulating ceramic film 1, it is described after piezoelectric ceramic piece 5, the preceding piezoelectric ceramic piece 6 and described Insulating ceramic film 27, the front end face of the rear end face of piezoelectric ceramic piece 5 and the preceding piezoelectric ceramic piece 6 afterwards is fixed respectively to be connected It is connected to the electrode slice 1, passes through between piezoelectric ceramic piece 5 and the preceding piezoelectric ceramic piece 6 after described and is located between the two Electrode slice 2 10 is fixedly connected;
And whole superhard cutter knife bar 11, it is located at 3 front end of ultrasonic amplitude transformer;
3 front end of ultrasonic amplitude transformer and the whole superhard cutter knife bar 11 are interference fitted by hot charging and are connected.
Between the pretension bolt 1 and the back shroud 2 and between the pretension bolt 1 and the ultrasonic amplitude transformer 3 It is connected through a screw thread.
3 front end of ultrasonic amplitude transformer is equipped with the connecting hole with the whole 11 hot charging interference fit of superhard cutter knife bar 12。
The connecting hole 12 is handled by correction of the flank shape;
The entirety superhard cutter knife bar 11 has the knife bar face for matching with the connecting hole 12 and handling by correction of the flank shape 13。
As shown in Figure 6, it can be seen that the cooperation equivalent stress distribution of ultrasonic wave added cutting vibration system is uniform after correction of the flank shape, does not deposit It is concentrated in stress, the cutting of difficult-to-machine material ultrasonic wave added is carried out under high frequency or large amplitude ultrasonic vibration will not occur the disconnected of cutter It splits or fragmentation, therefore the large carrying capacity of whole superhard cutter knife bar 11.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations;To the greatest extent Pipe present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: its according to So be possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some or all of the technical features into Row equivalent replacement;And these are modified or replaceed, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution The range of scheme.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of ultrasonic wave added cutting vibration system, which is characterized in that including ultrasonic transducer comprising pretension bolt, after Cover board and ultrasonic amplitude transformer, the pretension bolt passes through the back shroud and connect with the ultrasonic amplitude of fluctuation rod rear end, and will be located at Insulating ceramic film one, rear piezoelectric ceramic piece, preceding piezoelectric ceramic piece and insulation between the back shroud and the ultrasonic amplitude transformer Potsherd two compresses;
Insulation sleeve, it is suitable thereon in the bolt section of the pretension bolt between the back shroud and the ultrasonic amplitude transformer It is secondary to be socketed with the insulating ceramic film one, the rear piezoelectric ceramic piece, the preceding piezoelectric ceramic piece and the insulating ceramic film two, The rear end face of piezoelectric ceramic piece and the front end face of the preceding piezoelectric ceramic piece have been respectively fixedly connected with electrode slice one after described, described Afterwards by being fixedly connected positioned at electrode slice two between the two between piezoelectric ceramic piece and the preceding piezoelectric ceramic piece;
And whole superhard cutter knife bar, it is located at the ultrasonic amplitude transformer front end;
The ultrasonic amplitude transformer front end and the whole superhard cutter knife bar are interference fitted by hot charging and are connected.
2. ultrasonic wave added cutting vibration system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pretension bolt and it is described after It is connected through a screw thread between cover board and between the pretension bolt and the ultrasonic amplitude transformer.
3. ultrasonic wave added cutting vibration system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the ultrasonic amplitude transformer front end is set There is the connecting hole with the whole superhard cutter knife bar hot charging interference fit.
4. ultrasonic wave added cutting vibration system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the connecting hole passes through at correction of the flank shape Reason;
The entirety superhard cutter knife bar has the knife bar face for matching with the connecting hole and handling by correction of the flank shape.
CN201910263272.3A 2019-04-02 2019-04-02 A kind of ultrasonic wave added cutting vibration system Pending CN109894684A (en)

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CN112059742A (en) * 2020-09-04 2020-12-11 广州大学 Piezoelectric special-shaped amplitude transformer ultrasonic grinding and polishing device
CN112916911A (en) * 2021-03-05 2021-06-08 安徽天航机电有限公司 Ultrasonic auxiliary processing device and simulation analysis method

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CN111070420A (en) * 2020-01-16 2020-04-28 东莞市山石超声波科技有限公司 Method for processing and forming glass hot bending die
CN112059742A (en) * 2020-09-04 2020-12-11 广州大学 Piezoelectric special-shaped amplitude transformer ultrasonic grinding and polishing device
CN112059742B (en) * 2020-09-04 2022-04-26 广州大学 Piezoelectric special-shaped amplitude transformer ultrasonic grinding and polishing device
CN112916911A (en) * 2021-03-05 2021-06-08 安徽天航机电有限公司 Ultrasonic auxiliary processing device and simulation analysis method

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Application publication date: 20190618