CN109889834A - A kind of CABAC arithmetic decoding method and device - Google Patents
A kind of CABAC arithmetic decoding method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109889834A CN109889834A CN201910027102.5A CN201910027102A CN109889834A CN 109889834 A CN109889834 A CN 109889834A CN 201910027102 A CN201910027102 A CN 201910027102A CN 109889834 A CN109889834 A CN 109889834A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of CABAC arithmetic decoding method and device, this method includes load step, loads contextual information from context storage medium；Step is updated, syntactic element parsing is carried out to the contextual information loaded, and cache the contextual information updated value of syntactic element resolving；Step is write back, updating context value is carried out to be written back to context storage medium；It loads, update, writing back three steps CABAC arithmetic decoding entire flow is realized by using pipeline system, so that load step, updating step, writing back step and interdepending there is no path is calculated.Offer CABAC arithmetic decoding method of the invention, original contextual information is obtained and is split as contextual information load with the closed circuit updated, contextual information updates, contextual information writes back three parts, effective cutting contextual information obtains the closed loop with update, the calculating path that CABAC arithmetic decoding process can be effectively reduced, is obviously improved the circuit performance of CABAC arithmetic decoding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to decoding techniques, and in particular to a kind of CABAC arithmetic decoding method and device.
Background technique
H.264 context-adaptive arithmetic coding (Context-Adaptive Binary Arithmetic is introduced
Coding, CABAC) technology.Relative to variable-length encoding, due to being made full use of to syntactic element correlation, the portion of syntactic element
Divide embodying information in its neighborhood information, can be derived in decoding process according to dependency rule, so CABAC has more
High compression ratio.But the disadvantage is that algorithm is complicated, calculating logic is more, and hardware circuit is realized complex.Wherein context rope
It causes into, the parsing of bin value and the calculating iteration level of contextual information update etc. are more, and in CABAC arithmetic decoding process
The middle frequent interaction existed with storage medium forms contextual information acquisition as shown in Figs. 1-2, in interactive process and closes with what is updated
Circuit is closed, these factors cause the promotion of its hardware circuit performance more difficult, for parsing high definition/ultra high-definition video for smoothness
And demand takes into account CABAC arithmetic decoding high frequency, more bin analytic techniques, the high-performance of hardware circuit realizes more difficult.
Summary of the invention
One aspect of the present invention is to provide a kind of CABAC arithmetic decoding method, to reduce in terms of CABAC arithmetic decoding process
Path is calculated, the circuit performance of CABAC arithmetic decoding is promoted.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that
A kind of CABAC arithmetic decoding method, including
Load step loads contextual information from context storage medium；
Step is updated, syntactic element parsing is carried out to the contextual information loaded, and cache syntactic element resolving
Contextual information updated value；
Step is write back, carries out the updating context value to be written back to context storage medium；
It is described to load, update, writing back three steps by using pipeline system realization CABAC arithmetic decoding complete stream
Journey, so that the load step, updating step, writing back step and interdepending there is no path is calculated.
Further, the pipeline system includes two-stage flowing water, and first order flowing water is load step, second level flowing water packet
It includes and updates step and write back step；The load of contextual information is updated and is write back independently of contextual information, separately exists in one
A pipelining-stage is first order flowing water；The writing back of contextual information is interspersed in during contextual information updates, and flows for the second level
Water.
Further, the load step is included in syntactic element resolving according to demand from context storage medium
Load contextual information is simultaneously cached in the first register group；
The step that updates includes carrying out syntactic element parsing using the contextual information of first register group, and set
Set the contextual information updated value of the second register group caching syntactic element resolving, the contextual information of the second register group
Updated value is fed back to the first register group；
The step that writes back includes directly writing back the context using the contextual information updated value of the first register group
Storage medium.
Further, the load contextual information needs contextual information to be loaded including prediction next stage, and complete
Carrying of the Cheng Qicong context storage medium to the first register group.
Further, the prediction next stage include syntactic element parsing start before, it is right in syntactic element resolving
The prediction for the syntactic element that the next stage answered needs to parse.
Further, first register group includes first register group the first register subset and the first register group
Second register subset, the first register group the first register subset and first register group the second register subset use
The mode of table tennis stores the contextual information.
Further, second register group includes second register group the first register subset and the second register group
Second register subset；Second register group the first register subset is used to cache the context letter from the first register group
Breath；Second register group the second register subset is used to cache the contextual information updated value of syntactic element resolving, delays
Contextual information source of the contextual information updated value deposited as bin value parsing inside portion syntax elements.
It further, can for partially there is up and down index corresponding with subsequent adjacent second bin value of current bin value
Can equal syntactic element, suspend the bin value parsing of a cycle after current bin value parsing, a cycle of pause is used for will
The first register group is written in the contextual information updated value of second register group the second register subset.
Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a kind of CABAC arithmetic decoding device, including the first register and the second deposit
Device group；Wherein,
First register group is for being buffered in syntactic element resolving according to demand from context storage medium
The contextual information of load；
Second register group is used to cache the contextual information updated value of syntactic element resolving, and will be described on
Context information updated value is fed back to first register group；
First register group is also used to the contextual information updated value writing back the context storage medium.
Compared with prior art, the present invention the beneficial effect is that:
Original contextual information is obtained the closed circuit with update by offer CABAC arithmetic decoding method of the invention
It is split as contextual information load, contextual information updates, contextual information writes back three parts, effective cutting context letter
Breath obtains the closed loop with update, can effectively reduce the calculating path of CABAC arithmetic decoding process, be obviously improved CABAC
The circuit performance of arithmetic decoding.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is CABAC entropy decoding frame；
Fig. 2 is the closed circuit that contextual information obtains with update in the prior art；
Fig. 3 is CABAC arithmetic decoding structural block diagram；
Fig. 4 is CABAC arithmetic decoding flowing structure；
Fig. 5 is contextual information loading structure block diagram；
Fig. 6 is that contextual information updates structural block diagram；
Fig. 7 is that contextual information writes back structural block diagram.
Specific embodiment
The contents of the present invention are described in further details with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Embodiment 1:
CABAC arithmetic decoding method provided in this embodiment, including
Load step loads contextual information from context storage medium；
Step is updated, syntactic element parsing is carried out to the contextual information loaded, and cache syntactic element resolving
Contextual information updated value；
Step is write back, carries out the updating context value to be written back to context storage medium；
It is described to load, update, writing back three steps by using pipeline system realization CABAC arithmetic decoding complete stream
Journey, so that the load step, updating step, writing back step and interdepending there is no path is calculated.
It follows that the present embodiment provides provide CABAC arithmetic decoding method to pass through by using the mode of assembly line
Contextual information load is carried out to it, the dismantling that contextual information updates, contextual information writes back, cut off contextual information and obtained
It takes and updates closed loop, by above-mentioned dismantling, the calculating path that CABAC arithmetic decoding process is related to has obtained effectively subtracting
It is small, relative to the hardware circuit of traditional CABAC arithmetic decoding, there is higher comprehensive frequency when single bin value and more bin values decode
Rate can obtain higher decoding performance.
Preferably, above-mentioned pipeline system includes two-stage flowing water to one kind as the present embodiment, and first order flowing water is load
Step, second level flowing water include updating step and writing back step；That is, the load of contextual information is believed independently of context
Breath is updated and is write back, and separately exists in a pipelining-stage, is first order flowing water；Writing back for contextual information is interspersed in context letter
It is second level flowing water during breath updates.Contextual information is updated to the main time-consuming module of CABAC arithmetic decoding, passes through
Using the context storage medium of high-bit width, the time for reading and writing context is shorter, the gap of contextual information renewal process into
Row contextual information updated value writes back, even if using single-port SRAM as context information store medium, for single port
Evading for the read/write conflict of SRAM is fairly simple.
Specifically, above-mentioned load step is included in syntactic element resolving according to demand from context storage medium
Load contextual information is simultaneously cached in the first register group；The update step includes the context using first register group
Information carries out syntactic element parsing, and the contextual information update that the second register group caches syntactic element resolving is arranged
The contextual information updated value of value, the second register group is fed back to the first register group；It includes directly using that this, which writes back step,
The contextual information updated value of one register group writes back the context storage medium.That is, as the another of the present embodiment
A kind of preferred, this method carries out contextual information updated value by way of increasing register group in the contextual information more new stage
Caching, further shorten contextual information update when calculating path, relative to traditional CABAC arithmetic decoding hardware electricity
Road has higher collective frequency when single bin value or more bin values decode, can obtain higher decoding performance.
Another as the present embodiment is preferred, and above-mentioned load contextual information includes prediction next stage needing to load
Contextual information, and complete it from context storage medium to the carrying of the first register group.In this way, in CABAC arithmetical solution
The load in advance that contextual information is realized during code, guarantees the without interruption of contextual information, so that arithmetic decoding is coherent
It carries out.Specifically, the prediction next stage include syntactic element parsing start before, it is corresponding next in syntactic element resolving
The prediction for the syntactic element that stage needs to parse.
As the present embodiment again another preferably, which includes first register group the first register
Collection and first register group the second register subset, the first register group the first register subset and the first register group second
Register subset stores the contextual information by the way of table tennis.In this way, table tennis of the contextual information in the first register group
Pang storage avoids contextual information load and update, conflicting of writing back, which is the guarantor of pipeline processes of the present invention
Card.
Further, which includes second register group the first register subset and the second register group the
Two register subsets；Second register group the first register subset is for caching the contextual information from the first register group；
Second register group the second register subset is used to cache the contextual information updated value of syntactic element resolving, caching
Contextual information source of the contextual information updated value as bin value parsing inside portion syntax elements.In this way, the second register
The second register subset of group guarantees continuous two as the contextual information source as bin value parsing inside portion syntax elements
The delay that a bin value for carrying out the parsing of bin value using same context information index can be correctly decoded without influencing context
It updates
Further, for partially there is current bin value index up and down corresponding with subsequent adjacent second bin value
It may equal such as coded_block_pattern, rem_intraNxN_pred_mode, significant_coeff_flag
Special grammar element, suspends the bin value parsing of a cycle after current bin value parsing, a cycle of pause is used for second
The first register group is written in the contextual information updated value of register group the second register subset.
That is, coded_block_pattern, rem_intraNxN_pred_mode, significant_
The special grammars element such as coeff_flag, which has two, interval bin values, to use same context information to carry out the parsing of bin value
Possibility, time out be an effective time cycle so that contextual information updated value correctly pass to its it is subsequent close to
Second bin value uses, and ensure that the correct parsing of bin value when the contextual information of the 1st, 3 bin value on relative ranks is identical
Embodiment 2:
It is the structural block diagram of CABAC arithmetic decoding device provided in this embodiment, including the first register referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 3
Group 102 and the second register group 103.Wherein, when concrete application, context information store medium 101 stores contextual information, is
Arithmetic decoding provides information source；First register group 102 is according to actual needs from context storage medium batch load context
Information screens corresponding contextual information output according to syntactic element analysis state and parses use, bin for syntactic element bin value
The contextual information updated value of value renewal process is cached in the second register group 103, in the contextual information more new stage, by interior
The timing of portion's circuit is adjusted, and contextual information updated value feeds back to the first register group 102 via the second register group 103；When
Before the contextual information use that filters out when finishing, the first register group 102 initiates written-back operation, which is updated
Value is written back to context storage medium 101.
Hardware structure is carried out using the mode of two-stage flowing water and is set for CABAC arithmetic decoding structure described in Fig. 3 referring to Fig. 4
It sets.First order flowing water is load step, during CABAC arithmetic decoding, according to syntactic element analysis state, predicts lower single order
Section needs contextual information to be loaded, and completes it from context storage medium to the carrying of the first register group 102.The first order
Flowing water carry out contextual information loading procedure as described above further include to the corresponding contextual information of each syntactic element successively
Sequence, and sequencing information is passed into second level flowing water and is used.Second level flowing water executes contextual information and updates and write back step,
By obtaining the contextual information of the first register group 102, carrying out syntactic element parsing and calculating contextual information updated value
It is cached in the second register group 103, when finishing a syntactic element parsing, the context of the second register group 103 is believed
Breath updated value is updated to the first register group 102, if the parsing of current class syntactic element finishes, by contextual information updated value
Context storage medium 101 is written back to by the first register group 102.
It is contextual information loading structure block diagram referring to Fig. 5, Fig. 5, corresponding first order flowing water as shown in Figure 4 is realized from upper
Hereafter load of the storage medium to the first register group 102.Syntactic element parsing start before and syntactic element resolving
In, it predicts contextual information to be loaded, is issued to context storage medium read data application, the first register group 102 accordingly
Complete the reception to the contextual information of reading.The syntactic element that prediction i.e. anticipation next stage needs to parse, such as in grammer
Before element parsing starts, the syntactic element contextual information of strip data classification is loaded onto the first register group 102, band number
Macroblock level classification syntactic element is loaded onto the first register group 102 according in classification syntactic element resolving.For anticipation
The syntactic element of load, the present embodiment according to this H.264 as defined in the region syntactic element parsing sequence, successively label arrange
Sequence, and sequencing information is passed into the contextual information more new stage.Contextual information is loaded onto the first register group 102 to carry out
It uses, the range of search of contextual information more new stage contextual information is reduced, to the overall calculation path of updating context
Play the role of biggish reduction.
It realizes pipeline hardware implementation described in the present embodiment, the first register group 102 need to be split as first
Register group the first register subset and first register group the second register subset, carry out context letter using the mode of table tennis
The caching of breath writes back, split have the advantage that so that syntactic element resolving to contextual information use and up and down
For alternating action in unused register subset, the two is independent of each other to the use of contextual information respectively for literary information load, guarantees
The water operation of CABAC arithmetic decoding not Caton.
It is that contextual information updates structural block diagram referring to Fig. 6, Fig. 6, is in the present embodiment second level pipelining-stage.Wherein up and down
Syntactic element of the literary information selection 301 i.e. in syntactic element resolving according to parsing, indexes in the first register group 102
To corresponding contextual information, it is reused after depositing to the contextual information indexed and is parsed.Due to context
Information load phase becomes smaller the index range of contextual information, and the context come is indexed out from the first register group
Information makes for subsequent parsing again after deposit to 103 second register group the first register subset of the second register group caching
With the contextual information that the calculating path that contextual information updates further is related to arithmetic decoding writes back partition, circuit synthesis
Frequency is higher, performance is more preferable.Contextual information updates 302, above and below second register group the first register subset caching
Literary information carries out the parsing of syntactic element bin value, and computational context information updated value during parsing, updating context value
It is cached immediately after calculating to second register group the second register subset；
Parsing for the two neighboring bin value of context index having the same, the corresponding context of the latter bin value
Information has been stored in second register group the second register subset, at this time using second register group the second register subset
Contextual information carries out the parsing of the bin value, and the contextual information which updates equally is cached to the second register group second
Register subset.
It may be equal for partially there is current bin value index up and down corresponding with subsequent adjacent second bin value
Such as coded_block_pattern, rem_intraNxN_pred_mode, significant_coeff_flag special grammar
Element, since there are the delays of a cycle when second the 103 to the first register group of register group 102 updates, according to normal flow
Journey filters out contextual information in the first register group 102 and is parsed for subsequent adjacent second bin value, it may appear that fails
The case where obtaining the contextual information updated in time, and then lead to bin value parsing failure.For the grammer member of this classification
Element, suspends the bin value parsing of a cycle after the parsing of current bin value, a cycle of pause is used for the second register group the
The first register group 102 is written in the contextual information updated value of two register subsets, continues out after the pause period
Open the parsing of subsequent bin value, when the subsequent second bin value parsing of current bin value can the first register group of weight 102 obtain correctly
Contextual information, to ensure that the correct parsing of the bin value.Due to coded_block_pattern, rem_
Bin value contained by intraNxN_pred_mode is few, and the bin value that significant_coeff_flag is related to also only has scattered several
A, the influence very little of the tactful performance to CABAC arithmetic decoding of the pause arithmetic decoding can be ignored.And it is this
Mode is realized simply, is realized advantageously to whole hardware circuit.
Therefore the calculating path of updating context are as follows: starting point (second register group the first register subset or
Two the second register of register group subsets) (the second register group second deposit of --- arithmetic decoding combinational logic --- end point
Device subset), which is not related in the interaction of context storage medium 101, and in contrast calculating path is shorter, is supporting
Each cycle parses in the CABAC arithmetic decoding scheme of one or more bin values parsing, can obtain higher collective frequency, calculates
Performance can be higher.
Context letter updated value caching 303, which is realized, writes the updating context value of second register group the second register subset
The first register group is returned, the process triggering after parsing of the single bin value of each syntactic element is primary, and calculating logic is only
It is related to the selection to the corresponding writing position of the first register group, and selected marker signal updated for 302 stages by contextual information
Deposit output, calculating path is extremely short, will not impact to the overall performance of CABAC arithmetic decoding.
Referring to Fig. 7, Fig. 7 is that contextual information described in the present embodiment writes back structural block diagram, and the process is corresponding as shown in Figure 4
The second level flowing water stage.Here the contextual information 401 updated refers to first register group the first register subset or
The updating context value of one register group the second register subset caching, it is every to complete all bin value parsings of a syntactic element
The ready signal that contextual information writes back storage medium 402 is triggered, ready signal records when reaching and adds up currently write back
The quantity of the contextual information of storage medium, when the quantity of the writeable contextual information for restoring storage media reaches the threshold value of setting
The instruction that contextual information writes back is issued, is arranged between context information store medium 101 and the first register group 102 and shakes hands
Module receives the instruction, completes writing back for corresponding contextual information.
Certainly, the present invention is not limited to the implementations of examples detailed above, and those skilled in the art are to method proposed by the present invention
Any modification introduced, also should be within the scope of the present invention.Likewise, the present invention is not limited to H.264 standard, other according to
H.264 the standard that mode carries out CABAC arithmetic decoding is equally applicable to the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of CABAC arithmetic decoding method, which is characterized in that including
Load step loads contextual information from context storage medium；
Step is updated, syntactic element parsing is carried out to the contextual information loaded, and cache the upper of syntactic element resolving
Context information updated value；
Step is write back, carries out the updating context value to be written back to context storage medium；
It is described load, update, write back three steps by using pipeline system realize CABAC arithmetic decoding entire flow, with
So that the load step, updating step, writing back step and interdepending there is no path is calculated.
2. CABAC arithmetic decoding method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the pipeline system includes two-stage stream
Water, first order flowing water are load step, and second level flowing water includes updating step and writing back step；The load of contextual information is independent
It updates and writes back in contextual information, separately exist in a pipelining-stage, be first order flowing water；Writing back for contextual information is interspersed
It is the second level flowing water during contextual information updates.
3. CABAC arithmetic decoding method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that
The load step is included in syntactic element resolving according to demand from context storage medium load context letter
It ceases and is cached in the first register group；
The step that updates includes carrying out syntactic element parsing using the contextual information of first register group, and be arranged the
Two register groups cache the contextual information updated value of syntactic element resolving, and the contextual information of the second register group updates
Value is fed back to the first register group；
The step that writes back includes directly writing back the context using the contextual information updated value of the first register group to store
Medium.
4. CABAC arithmetic decoding method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the load contextual information includes pre-
Surveying next stage needs contextual information to be loaded, and completes it from context storage medium to the carrying of the first register group.
5. CABAC arithmetic decoding method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the prediction next stage includes grammer
Element parsing start before, the prediction of the syntactic element that corresponding next stage needs to parse in syntactic element resolving.
6. CABAC arithmetic decoding method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that first register group includes first
Register group the first register subset and first register group the second register subset, first register of the first register group
Subset and first register group the second register subset store the contextual information by the way of table tennis.
7. CABAC arithmetic decoding method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that second register group includes second
Register group the first register subset and second register group the second register subset；Second register group the first register subset
For caching the contextual information from the first register group；Second register group the second register subset is for caching grammer member
The contextual information updated value of plain resolving, the contextual information updated value of caching is as bin inside portion syntax elements
It is worth the contextual information source of parsing.
8. CABAC arithmetic decoding method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that for partially there is current bin value with after
Continue the syntactic element that the corresponding index up and down of adjacent second bin value may be equal, suspends a week after current bin value parsing
The bin value of phase parses, and a cycle of pause is used to update the contextual information of second register group the second register subset
Value the first register group of write-in.
9. a kind of CABAC arithmetic decoding device, which is characterized in that including the first register and the second register group；Wherein,
First register group is loaded from context storage medium according to demand for being buffered in syntactic element resolving
Contextual information；
Second register group is used to cache the contextual information updated value of syntactic element resolving, and by the context
Information update value is fed back to first register group；
First register group is also used to the contextual information updated value writing back the context storage medium.
10. CABAC arithmetic decoding device as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that first register group includes first
Register group the first register subset and first register group the second register subset, first register of the first register group
Subset and first register group the second register subset store the contextual information by the way of table tennis；
Second register group includes second register group the first register subset and second register group the second register
Collection；Second register group the first register subset is for caching the contextual information from the first register group；Second register
The second register subset of group is used to cache the contextual information updated value of syntactic element resolving, the contextual information of caching
Contextual information source of the updated value as bin value parsing inside portion syntax elements.
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