CN109885585A - Support the distributed data base system and method for storing process, trigger and view - Google Patents
Support the distributed data base system and method for storing process, trigger and view Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of distributed data base systems and method for supporting storing process, trigger and view, distributed data base system includes publicly-owned gateway, distributed data base and at least one calculate node, carries the relevant database for supporting data basd link connection function in each calculate node；Method includes: that the publicly-owned gateway carries out grammatical and semantic analysis to the structured query language SQL statement that user inputs, and whether the type and the SQL statement for obtaining SQL statement, which have, completely distributed to support attribute information；The publicly-owned gateway completely distributed can support attribute information according to whether the type and the SQL statement of SQL statement have, and send distributed data base and/or calculate node for the SQL statement；The distributed data base and/or calculate node execute the SQL statement received.The present embodiment supports ANSI SQL, trigger, storing process, the sophisticated functions such as view.
Description
Technical field
The present embodiments relate to database technology more particularly to a kind of points for supporting storing process, trigger and view
Cloth Database Systems and method.
Background technique
Under the scene that high concurrent and mass data store and process, the performance of the relevant database of single machine is often difficult to
Meet the needs of practical business.With Oracle, IBM is that the solution on the mainframe of representative is often very expensive, Er Qiexu
Want high O&M cost.Therefore distributed data base is come into being, and is increasingly becoming the trend of industry.Distributed data base system
More lesser computers are generally included, every computer can individually be placed on a place, may all have number in every computer
According to a complete copy copy or copied part copy of base management system, and the database with oneself part, it is located at not
Many computers with place are interconnected by network, collectively constitute complete, global concentration in logic, physically
The large database of distribution.
But current distributed data base often all only provides the support of the ANSI SQL of part, it is complicated without supporting
SQL, trigger, the sophisticated functions such as storing process.If completely to support ANSI SQL in distributed data base, need to write
A large amount of compiler code, thus need a large amount of manpower, material resources.As it can be seen that realizing complete branch under distributed database architecture
The database engine of degree of holding, trigger and storing process are still highly difficult.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of distributed data base system for supporting storing process, trigger and view and side
Method, to support ANSI SQL, trigger, the sophisticated functions such as storing process, view.
In a first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of sentence sides of execution for supporting storing process, trigger and view
Method, the method be applied to distributed data base system, distributed data base system include publicly-owned gateway, distributed data base and
At least one calculate node carries the relevant database for supporting data basd link connection function in each calculate node；Method includes:
The publicly-owned gateway carries out grammatical and semantic analysis to the structured query language SQL statement that user inputs, and obtains SQL
Whether the type of sentence and the SQL statement, which have, completely distributed to support attribute information；
The publicly-owned gateway completely distributed can be supported according to whether the type and the SQL statement of SQL statement have
The SQL statement is sent distributed data base and/or calculate node by attribute information；
The distributed data base and/or calculate node execute the SQL statement received；
Wherein, it if the SQL statement is executed through distributed data base, and by implementing result after union operation, returns
Result it is correct, then the SQL statement, which has, completely distributed to support attribute information；
If the SQL statement is executed through distributed data base, and by implementing result after union operation, the result of return
Mistake, then the SQL statement, which does not have, completely distributed to support attribute information.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of distributed numbers for supporting storing process, trigger and view
According to library system, comprising: publicly-owned gateway, distributed data base and at least one calculate node are carried in each calculate node and supported
The relevant database of data basd link connection function；
The publicly-owned gateway, the structured query language SQL statement for inputting to user carry out grammatical and semantic analysis, obtain
Completely distributed attribute information can be supported to whether the type of SQL statement and the SQL statement have；
The publicly-owned gateway, can be completely distributed for whether the type and the SQL statement according to SQL statement to have
It supports attribute information, sends distributed data base and/or calculate node for the SQL statement；
The distributed data base and/or calculate node are for executing the SQL statement received；
Wherein, it if the SQL statement is executed through distributed data base, and by implementing result after union operation, returns
Result it is correct, then the SQL statement, which has, completely distributed to support attribute information；
If the SQL statement is executed through distributed data base, and by implementing result after union operation, the result of return
Mistake, then the SQL statement, which does not have, completely distributed to support attribute information.
In distributed data base system provided in this embodiment, on the basis of original distributed data base, public affairs are increased
There is gateway and support the calculate node of data basd link connection function, grammatical and semantic analysis is carried out to SQL statement by publicly-owned gateway, is obtained
Whether type and SQL statement to SQL statement have and completely distributed can support attribute information, and according to the class of SQL statement
Whether type and SQL statement, which have, completely distributed to support attribute information, by SQL statement be sent to distributed data base and/
Or calculate node, compared with the prior art in distributed data base system, Database Systems provided in this embodiment support
ANSI SQL, trigger, the sophisticated functions such as storing process, view；Moreover, increasing publicly-owned gateway and supporting data basd link connection function
Calculate node can be realized, implementation is simple, does not need a large amount of compiler code, does not need a large amount of manpower and object
Power.The present embodiment is performed in unison with SQL statement by calculate node and distributed data base, and then for entire distributed data base
For processing system, the support of more comprehensive ANSI SQL is provided.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 a is that a kind of sentence for supporting storing process, trigger and view that the embodiment of the present invention one provides executes method
Flow chart；
Fig. 1 b is a kind of structural schematic diagram for distributed data base system that the embodiment of the present invention one provides；
Fig. 2 a is that a kind of sentence for supporting storing process, trigger and view provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention executes method
Flow chart；
Fig. 2 b is a kind of structural schematic diagram of distributed data base system provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that a kind of sentence for supporting storing process, trigger and view that the embodiment of the present invention three provides executes method
Flow chart.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.It is understood that this place is retouched
The specific embodiment stated is used only for explaining the present invention rather than limiting the invention.It also should be noted that in order to just
Only the parts related to the present invention are shown in description, attached drawing rather than entire infrastructure.
Embodiment one
Fig. 1 a is that a kind of sentence for supporting storing process, trigger and view that the embodiment of the present invention one provides executes method
Flow chart, Fig. 1 b be the embodiment of the present invention one provide a kind of distributed data base system structural schematic diagram.The present embodiment
It is applicable to the case where sentence of storing process, trigger and view is executed in distributed data base system, this method can be with
It is executed by distributed data base system.As shown in Figure 1 b, distributed data base system 10 includes: publicly-owned gateway 11, distribution
Database 12 and at least one calculate node 13 carry the relationship type number for supporting data basd link connection function in each calculate node 13
According to library.
Wherein, publicly-owned gateway (gate) 11 is the gateway of user oriented distributed data base system 10.User is to publicly-owned
Gateway 11 provides SQL statement, to execute the sentence of storing process, trigger and view in distributed data base system 10.It is public
There is gateway 11 that can also send implementing result to user, and is shown on the terminal device 20 of user.Optionally, in reality
In the application of border, gateway can be used as publicly-owned gateway 11 and use, and be based on this, and user passes through communication link to net by terminal device 20
It closes and SQL statement is provided.
Publicly-owned gateway 11 is communicated to connect with calculate node 13, and the quantity of calculate node 13 can be at least one.In reality
In, calculate node 13 can be to be distributed in the equipment with computing function of diverse geographic location, each calculate node 13
It is responsible for the calculating of SQL statement, carries the relevant database for supporting database link (DBlink) function thereon, for example,
The relevant database of the single machine of the classics such as PostgreSQL, MySQL, Mariadb.These databases have the function of more complete
It supports, such as trigger, view, storing process, function and ACID affairs (hereinafter referred to as affairs).Wherein, ACID transaction packet
Include four fundamentals that db transaction correctly executes: atomicity (Atomicity), consistency (Consistency), isolation
Property (Isolation), persistence (Durability).Moreover, data basd link connection function makes the database in calculate node 13
The table in distributed data base 12 can be quoted, and the table in distributed data base 12 is written and read.
Publicly-owned gateway 11 is also communicated to connect with distributed data base 12, and distributed data base 12 includes multiple memory nodes
121, specifically, publicly-owned gateway 11 is communicated to connect with each memory node 121.Each memory node 121 can be to be distributed in
The equipment with data storage function of diverse geographic location, each memory node 121 are responsible for the storage of data, are carried thereon
The relevant database of the support affairs such as MySQL, Mariadb, PostgreSQL.
In conjunction with Fig. 1 a, method provided in this embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
S110, publicly-owned gateway 11 carry out grammatical and semantic analysis to the structured query language SQL statement that user inputs, and obtain
Whether the type and SQL statement of SQL statement, which have, completely distributed to support attribute information.
Wherein, when SQL statement includes storing process, trigger, view or function, the type of SQL statement includes creation
(Create) sentence of storing process, trigger, view or function, modification (Alter) storing process, trigger, view or
The sentence of person's function deletes the sentence of (Drop) storing process, trigger, view or function and calls storing process, touching
Send out the sentence of device, view or function.Above-mentioned creation sentence, modification sentence and cancel statement belong to database schema definitional language
(Data Definition Language, DDL), call statement belongs to data manipulation language (Data Manipulation
Language,DML).The present embodiment can to include storing process, trigger, view or function SQL statement at
Reason, but not limited to this, the present embodiment can also carry out the SQL statement for not including storing process, trigger, view or function
Processing, processing method are identical.
In an optional embodiment, publicly-owned gateway 11 is specifically used for carrying out SQL statement based on grammatical and semantic analysis device
Analysis, grammatical and semantic analysis device output abstract syntax tree (abstract syntax tree*, AST) after the completion of analysis, is abstracted language
Method tree is the form of expression of the tree structure of SQL statement, each node on tree is a word, and the structure of tree embodies
Grammer.The type of SQL statement is obtained according to abstract syntax tree.In another optional embodiment, publicly-owned gateway 11 is specifically used for
The grammer character string in SQL statement is extracted, such as select, insert, delete, update, create etc. determines grammatical word
The type of SQL statement belonging to symbol string.
Wherein, it if a SQL statement issues distributed data base 12 through publicly-owned gateway 11, is held through distributed data base 12
Row, and by the implementing result of distributed data base 12 after union (such as union all) operations, the result of return is correct, that
This sentence has and completely distributed can support attribute information., whereas if SQL statement is executed through distributed data base, and
By implementing result after union operation, the result mistake of return, then this sentence, which does not have, completely distributed to support attribute
Information.In one example, it is assumed that T table is dispensed in three different databases of distributed data base 12, each database
All contain table T, the field containing name and grade in T, database 1:{ " tom ": 86, " mike ": 89 }, database 2:{ " bob ":
85, " mary ": 89 }, database 3:{ " tony ": 88, " vincent ": 98 }, as operation select name from T where
When grade > 88, executing union all through three databases and return the result later is { " mike ", " mary ", " vincent " },
It returns the result correctly, then this SQL statement, which has, completely distributed to support attribute information；As operation select count
Grade > 88 (*) form T where return the result after three database implementing result union all as { 1,1,1 },
And correctly returning the result is { 3 }, so this sentence return result mistake, then this SQL statement do not have can be complete
Distribution supports attribute information.
S120, publicly-owned gateway 11 completely distributed can be supported to belong to according to whether the type and SQL statement of SQL statement have
Property information, sends distributed data base 12 and/or calculate node 13 for SQL statement.
S130, distributed data base 12 and/or calculate node 13 execute the SQL statement received.
It is since the database carried in calculate node 13 supports data basd link connection function, then real by data basd link connection function
Now to the support of complicated SQL, storing process, trigger, function and affairs, i.e. calculate node 13 has complicated SQL, stored
Journey, trigger and transaction functionality.And distributed data base 12 does not have complicated SQL, storing process, trigger and things function then
Can, only have simple SQL function and basic transaction functionality.Wherein, simple SQL function includes the read-write function to single table
Can, the read-write operation to single table includes following four basic operation.
1, select*from t where filter；
2, insert into t (column_list) values (value_list)；
3, delete from t where filter；
4, update t set ... where filter.
Based on above-mentioned analysis, distributed data base 12 is different with the computing capability of calculate node 13, and different sentence classes
Type and whether have and completely distributed computing capability required for attribute information can be supported also different, then publicly-owned 11 basis of gateway
The type of SQL statement and whether have and completely distributed can support attribute information, sends distributed data base for SQL statement
12 and/or calculate node 13, so that computing capability and recipient (distributed data base 12 and/or meter that SQL statement needs
Operator node 13) the computing capability SQL that matches, and then receive distributed data base 12 and 13 successful execution of calculate node
Sentence.
Optionally, if there is more than two calculate nodes 13, publicly-owned gateway 11 then sends any calculating for SQL statement
Node 13.
Optionally, if SQL statement is sent distributed data base 12 by publicly-owned gateway 11, distributed data base 12 according to
Load balancing rule, is sent to the memory node 121 in it for SQL statement, the memory node 121 by receiving SQL statement is held
Row SQL statement.
In distributed data base system 10 provided in this embodiment, on the basis of original distributed data base 12, increase
Publicly-owned gateway 11 and the calculate node 13 for supporting data basd link connection function carry out grammer to SQL statement by publicly-owned gateway 11
Semantic analysis, whether the type and SQL statement for obtaining SQL statement, which have, completely distributed to support attribute information, and according to
Whether the type and SQL statement of SQL statement, which have, completely distributed to support attribute information, send distribution for SQL statement
Formula database 12 and/or calculate node 13, compared with the prior art in distributed data base system 10, it is provided in this embodiment
Database Systems support ANSI SQL, trigger, the sophisticated functions such as storing process, view；Moreover, increasing publicly-owned gateway 11 and branch
The calculate node 13 for holding data basd link connection function can be realized, and implementation is simple, does not need a large amount of compiler code, is not required to
Want a large amount of man power and material.The present embodiment is performed in unison with SQL statement by calculate node and distributed data base, and then for
For entire distributed data base processing system, the support of more comprehensive ANSI SQL is provided.
Embodiment two
Fig. 2 a is that a kind of sentence for supporting storing process, trigger and view provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention executes method
Flow chart, the present embodiment advanced optimizes on the basis of each optional embodiment of above-described embodiment.In conjunction with Fig. 2 a, this hair
Method that bright embodiment provides the following steps are included:
S210, publicly-owned gateway 11 carry out grammatical and semantic analysis to the structured query language SQL statement that user inputs, and obtain
Whether the type and SQL statement of SQL statement, which have, completely distributed to support attribute information.Continue to execute S220, S221 or
Person S222.
S220, publicly-owned gateway 11 determine that SQL statement belongs to the sentence of creation storing process, trigger, view or function,
Judging whether the sentence for creating storing process, trigger, view or function has completely distributed can support attribute information.Such as
Fruit has and completely distributed can support attribute information, jumps to S230；If not having completely distributed can support attribute information,
Jump to S240.
S221, publicly-owned gateway 11 determine that SQL statement belongs to the sentence for deleting storing process, trigger, view or function,
Jump to S230.
S222, publicly-owned gateway 11 determine that SQL statement belongs to the sentence of modification storing process, trigger, view or function,
The SQL statement is generated delete storing process, trigger, the sentence of view or function and the new storing process of creation,
The sentence of trigger, view or function.Continue to execute S223 and S224.
The sentence of the deletion storing process, trigger, view or function is sent distribution by S223, publicly-owned gateway 11
Formula database 12 and calculate node 13.Continue to execute S230.
S224, publicly-owned gateway 11 judge whether the sentence for creating new storing process, trigger, view or function has
Completely distributed it can support attribute information.If it has, executing S225；If do not had, S226 is executed.
S225, distributed data is sent by the sentence of the new storing process of the creation, trigger, view or function
Library 12 and calculate node 13.Continue to execute S250.
S226, calculate node is sent by the sentence of the new storing process of the creation, trigger, view or function
13.Continue to execute S260.
S230, SQL statement is sent to distributed data base 12 and calculate node 13.Continue to execute S250.
S240, SQL statement is sent to calculate node 13.Continue to execute S260.
S250, distributed data base 12 and calculate node 13 execute the SQL statement received.Terminate this operation.
S260, calculate node 13 execute the SQL statement received.
Above-mentioned creation, deletion, modification storing process, trigger, view or function sentence belong to the SQL of DDL type
Sentence, in the SQL statement of these DDL types, some does not include DML statement, and some includes DML statement.If SQL statement does not wrap
DML statement is included, then all sentences that the SQL statement includes, which all have, completely distributed to support attribute information, and then are sent to
Calculate node and distributed data base.If SQL statement includes DML statement, needing can be complete according to whether DML statement has
Distribution supports attribute information, completely distributed can support attribute information to judge whether SQL statement has.Specifically, if
The DML statement that SQL statement includes, which all has, completely distributed to support attribute information, then the SQL statement has and can be distributed completely
Formula supports attribute information, and then is sent to calculate node and distributed data base；If the DML statement that SQL statement includes is uneven
With that completely distributed can support attribute information, then the SQL statement, which does not have, completely distributed to support attribute information, Jin Erfa
It send to calculate node.
Below for the SQL statement of storing process, trigger, view or function, calculate node and distribution is described in detail
The implementation procedure of formula database.
By taking the sentence for creating storing process as an example, if all have can be complete for the creation storing process sentence DML statement that includes
Creation storing process sentence is then sent to calculate node 13 and distributed data base 12 by full distributed support attribute information.Meter
Operator node 13 and distributed data base 12 establish storing process in the local database respectively, and storing process creation information is sent out
It is sent to meta data manager 15.If the DML statement that creation storing process sentence includes, which does not all have, completely distributed to be supported
Creation storing process sentence is then sent to calculate node 13 by attribute information.Calculate node 13 is established deposit in the local database
Storage process, and meta data manager 15 is sent by storing process creation information.Wherein, storing process creation information includes: to deposit
Store up procedure name and parameter name.
By taking the sentence for creating function as an example, if all have can be completely distributed for the creation function statement DML statement that includes
It supports attribute information, then creation function statement is sent to calculate node 13 and distributed data base 12.Calculate node 13 and point
Cloth database 12 establishes function in the local database respectively, and sends meta data manager 15 for function creation information.
If the DML statement that creation storing process sentence includes, which does not all have, completely distributed to support attribute information, letter will be created
Number sentence is sent to calculate node 13.Calculate node 13 establishes function in the local database, and function creation information is sent
To meta data manager 15.
By taking the sentence for creating trigger as an example, if the DML statement that creation trigger sentence includes all has and can divide completely
Cloth supports attribute information, then creation trigger sentence is sent to calculate node 13 and distributed data base 12.Calculate node
13 and distributed data base 12 establish trigger in the local database respectively, and trigger is established into information and is sent to metadata
Manager 15.If the DML statement that creation trigger sentence includes, which does not all have, completely distributed to support attribute information, will
Creation trigger sentence is sent to calculate node 13.Calculate node 13 establishes trigger in the local database, and by trigger
It establishes information and is sent to meta data manager 15.Wherein, trigger establishes the title and corresponding table name that information includes: trigger
Claim.For example, calculate node 13 has built a trigger trigger1, while general<t, trigger1>letter on long-range mapping table t
Breath is sent to meta data manager 15.
By taking the sentence for creating view as an example, if all have can be completely distributed for the creation view sentence DML statement that includes
It supports attribute information, then creation view sentence is sent to calculate node 13 and distributed data base 12.Calculate node 13 and point
Cloth database 12 establishes view in the local database respectively, and view is established information and is sent to meta data manager 15.
If the DML statement that creation view sentence includes, which does not all have, completely distributed to support attribute information, view language will be created
Sentence is sent to calculate node 13.Calculate node 13 establishes view in the local database, and view is established information and is sent to member
Data management system 15.Wherein, view establishes the information for the base table that information includes view, the table is view.
For deleting storing process, trigger, view or the sentence of function, these cancel statements do not include DML language
Sentence, having completely distributed can support attribute information, then these cancel statements is sent to calculate node 13 and distributed data
Library 12.Distributed data base 12 and calculate node 13 are according to SQL statement deletion storing process, trigger, view or function.
For modifying storing process, trigger, view or the sentence of function, publicly-owned gateway 11 is by the SQL statement
Generate delete storing process, trigger, the sentence of view or function and the new storing process of creation, trigger, view or
The sentence of person's function.Distributed data base 12 is sent by the sentence of the deletion storing process, trigger, view or function
With calculate node 13；The sentence that judgement creates new storing process, trigger, view or function has and completely distributed can prop up
Attribute information is held, sends distributed data base for the sentence of the new storing process of the creation, trigger, view or function
12 and calculate node 13；Determining that the sentence of the new storing process of the creation, trigger, view or function does not have can be complete
Distribution supports attribute information, sends calculating for the sentence of the new storing process of the creation, trigger, view or function
Node 13.
For distributed data base 12 and calculate node 13, deleted first, in accordance with the cancel statement received corresponding
Storing process, trigger, view or function create new storing process, trigger, view according still further to the creation sentence received
Figure or function, to realize the modification of SQL statement.
Other than for the SQL statement of storing process, trigger, view or function, for creating table statement, wound
Building table statement does not include DML statement, and having completely distributed can support attribute information, then creation table statement is sent to calculating section
Point 13 and distributed data base 12, distributed data base 12 create common table, and calculate node 13 is in the relationship type number locally carried
According to long-range mapping table is established in library, long-range mapping table is mapped to the common table in distributed data base 12, has thus obtained point
Global logic of the cloth database 12 in calculate node 13 indicates.Then, distributed data base 12 and calculate node 13 will be created
It builds table information and is sent to meta data manager 15.Wherein, creation table information includes long-range mapping table name and common table name.
As shown in Figure 2 b, meta data manager 15 and publicly-owned gateway 11 communicate to connect.Meta data manager 15 can use
Support the component of High Availabitity, such as ZooKeeper or etcd.Meta data manager 15 be used for the data in calculate node 13 into
Row management.Optionally, creation table information, view are established information first, stored by calculate node 13 and distributed data base 12
Journey creation information and trigger establish information and are sent to publicly-owned gateway 11, and publicly-owned gateway 11 sends member for the information received again
Data management system 15.
As shown in Figure 2 b, privately owned gateway 14 is used as the database accessor of calculate node 13.It is identical as publicly-owned gateway 11,
Privately owned gateway 14 or gateway.Privately owned gateway 14 is communicated to connect with calculate node 13, distributed data base 12 respectively.It calculates
Node 13 is written and read the table in distributed data base 12 by privately owned gateway 14.
In the present embodiment, publicly-owned gateway 11 determines that SQL statement belongs to creation, modification, deletes storing process, trigger, view
SQL statement is sent to point by the sentence of figure or function, and completely distributed can support attribute information according to whether sentence has
Cloth database and/or node, so that distributed data base system supports storing process, trigger, view or function comprehensively
Equal sophisticated functions.
Embodiment three
Fig. 3 is that a kind of sentence for supporting storing process, trigger and view that the embodiment of the present invention three provides executes method
Flow chart, the present embodiment advanced optimizes on the basis of each optional embodiment of above-described embodiment.In conjunction with Fig. 3, this hair
Method that bright embodiment provides the following steps are included:
S310, publicly-owned gateway 11 carry out grammatical and semantic analysis to the structured query language SQL statement that user inputs, and obtain
Whether the type and SQL statement of SQL statement, which have, completely distributed to support attribute information.
S320, publicly-owned gateway 11 determine that SQL statement belongs to data manipulation language DML, judge whether SQL statement includes not having
Have distribution to support storing process, trigger, view or the function of attribute information to jump to S330 if including completely,
If not including, S340 is jumped to.
In the present embodiment, the SQL statement for belonging to DML includes the language for calling storing process, trigger, view or function
Sentence.
Wherein, storing process, trigger, view or function do not have including at least one completely distributed to support category
Property information SQL statement, then be known as not having can the completely distributed storing process for supporting attribute information, trigger, view or
Person's function.If SQL statement include without can the completely distributed function for supporting attribute information, storing process, trigger or
Person's view illustrates the processing capacity for having exceeded distributed data base 12, then executes this SQL statement by calculate node 13.
S330, SQL statement is sent to calculate node 13.Continue to execute S390.
In one example, after publicly-owned gateway 11 receives addition, modification, inquiry or cancel statement (crud sentence), docking
The operation object that the sentence received is analyzed to obtain SQL statement is long-range mapping table t, is searched in meta data manager 15 remote
The corresponding trigger of journey mapping table t establishes information.If finding<t, trigger1>information illustrates to build on long-range mapping table t
Trigger trigger1, then the SQL statement include without can the completely distributed trigger for supporting attribute information, can quilt
It is forwarded to calculate node 13.Addition, modification, inquiry or delete operation in calculate node 13 will lead to the change of long-range mapping table t
More, it thus can trigger the trigger established in calculate node 13, and then trigger and modify to the table in distributed data base 12
Operation, without in distributed data base 12 table carry out repetitive operation, mitigate distributed data base 12 operating quantity,
The case where avoiding the occurrence of high concurrent and mass data storage and processing.
It is worth noting that trigger needs calculate node 13 to support the transaction operation to long-range mapping table.If calculated
Node 13 for long-range mapping table all operations all in the session/connection (session/connection), then can
To support affairs.
S340, judge whether SQL statement has and completely distributed can support attribute information, if having can be complete for SQL statement
Full distributed support attribute information, jumps to S350, if SQL statement, which does not have, completely distributed to support attribute information, jumps
Go to S360.
If SQL statement does not include without can completely distributed storing process, trigger, the view for supporting attribute information
Or function, illustrate SQL statement include with can the completely distributed storing process for supporting attribute information, trigger, view or
Person's function, and/or, the SQL statement including non-memory process, trigger, view or function.Therefore, transmission is not can determine that still
To calculate node 13 or distributed data base 12, the attribute information of SQL statement is further judged.
S350, SQL statement is sent to distributed data base 12.Continue to execute S370.
If SQL statement, which has, completely distributed to support attribute information, SQL language is executed by distributed data base 12
Sentence.
SQL statement is sent distributed data base 12 or calculate node 13 by S360, publicly-owned gateway 11.It continues to execute
S380。
S370, distributed data base 12 execute the SQL statement received.Terminate this operation.
S380, distributed data base 12 or calculate node 13 execute the SQL statement received.Terminate this operation.
S390, calculate node 13 execute the SQL statement received.
If SQL statement, which does not have, completely distributed to support attribute information, following any optional embodiment is executed:
In an optional embodiment, publicly-owned gateway 11 determines that SQL statement is Simple SQL sentence, i.e. the rear place of SQL statement
Reason sends distributed data base 12 for SQL statement within the computing capability of publicly-owned gateway 11.
Optionally, the threshold value standard for judging Simple SQL sentence and complicated SQL statement is CBO (Cost Based
Optimizer) optimize, that is, the inquiry based on cost (cost) is converted, threshold value is determined according to cost.According to above-mentioned implementation
Description to attribute information in example, without can the completely distributed SQL statement for supporting attribute information cannot be by distributed data
Library 12 obtains correct result.But publicly-owned gateway 11 has certain computing capability, passes through what is obtained to distributed data base 12
As a result it is post-processed, correct result can be obtained.Therefore, if SQL statement is Simple SQL sentence, illustrate the rear place of SQL statement
Reason sends distributed data base 12 for SQL statement whether within the computing capability of publicly-owned gateway 11.Distributed data base 12
After executing the SQL statement that receives, publicly-owned gateway 11 obtains the implementing result of distributed data base 12, and to implementing result into
Row post-processing, to obtain correct result.
In the examples described above, it is assumed that T table is dispensed in three different databases of distributed data base 12, every number
All contain table T according to library, the field containing name and grade in T, database 1:{ " tom ": 86, " mike ": 89 }, database 2:{ " bob
": 85, " mary ": 89, database 3:{ " tony ": 88, " vincent ": 98 }, as operation select count (*) form T
Grade > 88 where return the result after three database implementing result union all as { 1,1,1 }.Then, incite somebody to action 1,
1,1 } it is sent to publicly-owned gateway 11, publicly-owned gateway 11 is added { 1,1,1 }, obtains { 3 }.
In another optional embodiment, publicly-owned gateway 11 determines that SQL statement is complicated SQL statement, and SQL statement is sent
To calculate node 13；And then calculate node 13 executes the SQL statement.Optionally, the SQL language that calculate node 13 is received in execution
When sentence, SQL statement is split into multiple Simple SQL sentences；Then, multiple Simple SQL sentences are sent to distributed data base
12.Distributed data base 12 executes the multiple Simple SQL sentences received.
In present embodiment, calculate node 13 only uses distributed data base 12 as storage engines, it is thus possible to pass through
Complicated SQL statement is splitted into Simple SQL sentence by storage engines, to realize the support of complicated SQL.In one example, section is calculated
Point 13 uses MariaDB and federatedx storage engines.Assuming that there are two tables t1, t2 in distributed data base 12.Table t1
It is as follows:
a b
1 2
2 3
Table t2 is as follows:
a c
1 2
2 3
Calculate node 13 is localling create joint (federated) table, long-range mapping table t1 and long-range mapping table t2, remotely
Mapping table t1 and long-range mapping table t2, the common table t1 and common table t2 being respectively mapped in distributed data base 12.
Publicly-owned gateway 11 receives the SQL statement of user's input: select*from t1join t2on t1.a=t2.a, and
Grammatical and semantic analysis is carried out to SQL statement, the type for obtaining SQL statement is DML, and does not have and completely distributed can support attribute
The SQL statement is then forwarded to calculate node 13 by information.Calculate node 13 is split to obtain following 3 simply to SQL statement
The execution sequence of sentence, 3 simple statements can be such that
Select a,b from t1；
Select a, c from t2where t2.a=1；
Select a, c from t2where t2.a=2；
3 simple statements obtain splicing result after the operation of distributed data base 12 are as follows:
a b c
1 2 2
2 3 3
In the present embodiment, publicly-owned gateway 11 determines that SQL statement belongs to data manipulation language DML, if SQL statement includes not having
Have can completely distributed storing process, trigger, view or the function for supporting attribute information, send calculating for SQL statement
Node 13, if SQL statement do not include without can the completely distributed storing process for supporting attribute information, trigger, view or
When person's function, and publicly-owned gateway 11 determines that SQL statement with that completely distributed can support attribute information, sends SQL statement to
Distributed data base 12；And completely distributed attribute information can be supported by determining that SQL statement does not have, if publicly-owned gateway
11 judgement SQL statements are Simple SQL sentences, and the post-processing of SQL statement is within the computing capability of publicly-owned gateway 11, by SQL
Sentence is sent to distributed data base 12, if publicly-owned gateway 11 determines that SQL statement is complicated SQL statement, sends SQL statement to
Calculate node 13 mitigates meter to make full use of the computing capability of distributed data base 12 and the computing capability of publicly-owned gateway 11
The sentence of operator node 13 executes burden.Completely distributed attribute information can be supported moreover, executing and not having by calculate node 13
Function, storing process, trigger or view, and complicated SQL statement makes the more complete twelve Earthly Branches of distributed data base system 10
Hold ANSI SQL.
In each optional embodiment of the various embodiments described above, calculate node 13 complicated SQL statement is split into it is multiple
It after Simple SQL sentence, is also used to: pushed away under predicate (filter).Specifically when reading long-range mapping table, by all correlations
Predicate push away down, with reduce and distributed data base 12 between data transmit.
In each optional embodiment of the various embodiments described above, calculate node 13 is also used to when reading long-range mapping table,
By analyzing SQL statement, interested column are obtained, and only read interested column, uninterested column are not read, to realize
Column are simplified (column prune), and data transmission is reduced.
In each optional embodiment of the various embodiments described above, calculate node 13 is used to connect (lookup to lookup
Join it) optimizes, realizes that adding window searches connection (windowed lookup join).Specifically executing lookup join's
When reduce the number communicated between calculate node 13 and distributed data base 12 using in, while limiting a batch
(batch) cannot be excessive, i.e. physical quantities in limitation in cannot be excessive, such as can be set to 1024.Join in above-mentioned creation
In the example for closing (federated) table, publicly-owned gateway 11 receives the SQL statement of user's input: select*from t1join
T2on t1.a=t2.a, and it is forwarded to calculate node 13.After calculate node 13 splits the SQL statement, to the sentence after fractionation
It carries out adding window and searches connection, then execution sequence becomes:
Select a,b from t1；
Select a,c from t2where t2.a in(1,2)
Optionally, calculate node 13 can be associated the data read, and Hash (hash) table pair can be used for example
Data are associated.
Example IV
In conjunction with Fig. 1 b, the embodiment of the present invention four provides a kind of distributed data base system 10.Distributed data base system 10
Include: publicly-owned gateway 11, distributed data base 12 and at least one calculate node 13, is carried in each calculate node 13 and support number
According to the relevant database of library linking functions.Still optionally further, in conjunction with Fig. 2 b, distributed data base system 10 further includes first number
According to manager 15, meta data manager 15 and publicly-owned gateway 11 are communicated to connect.Meta data manager 15, which can use, supports that height can
Component, such as ZooKeeper or etcd.Meta data manager 15 is for being managed the data in calculate node 13.
Above-described embodiment is detailed in the description of meta data manager 15, details are not described herein again.
Still optionally further, in conjunction with Fig. 2 b, distributed data base system 10 further includes privately owned 14 (private of gateway
Gate), privately owned gateway 14 is used as the database accessor of calculate node 13.It is identical as publicly-owned gateway 11, privately owned gateway 14
It can be gateway.Privately owned gateway 14 is communicated to connect with calculate node 13, distributed data base 12 respectively.Calculate node 13 passes through private
There is gateway 14 to realize mapping of the long-range mapping table to distributed data base 12, and the table in distributed data base 12 is read
Write operation.Above-described embodiment is detailed in the description of privately owned gateway 14, details are not described herein again.
Wherein, publicly-owned gateway 11, the structured query language SQL statement for inputting to user carry out grammatical and semantic point
Analysis, whether the type and SQL statement for obtaining SQL statement, which have, completely distributed to support attribute information；
Publicly-owned gateway 11 completely distributed can be supported to belong to for whether the type and SQL statement according to SQL statement to have
Property information, sends distributed data base 12 and/or calculate node 13 for SQL statement；
Distributed data base 12 and/or calculate node 13 are for executing the SQL statement received；
Wherein, if SQL statement is executed through distributed data base, and by implementing result after union operation, the knot of return
Fruit is correct, then SQL statement, which has, completely distributed to support attribute information；
If SQL statement is executed through distributed data base, and by implementing result after union operation, the result of return is wrong
Accidentally, then SQL statement does not have and completely distributed can support attribute information.
Optionally, publicly-owned gateway 11 can completely distributed branch whether the type and SQL statement according to SQL statement have
Attribute information is held, when sending distributed data base 12 and/or calculate node 13 for SQL statement, is specifically used for: if it is determined that
SQL statement belongs to the sentence of creation storing process, trigger, view or function, and the creation storing process, trigger,
The sentence of view or function has and completely distributed can support attribute information, sends distributed data for the SQL statement
Library 12 and calculate node 13；If it is determined that SQL statement belongs to the sentence of creation storing process, trigger, view or function, and
The sentence for creating storing process, trigger, view or function does not have and completely distributed can support attribute information, by institute
It states SQL statement and is sent to calculate node 13.
Optionally, publicly-owned gateway 11 can completely distributed branch whether the type and SQL statement according to SQL statement have
Attribute information is held, when sending distributed data base 12 and/or calculate node 13 for SQL statement, is specifically used for: if it is determined that
SQL statement belongs to the sentence for deleting storing process, trigger, view or function, sends distributed number for the SQL statement
According to library 12 and calculate node 13.
Optionally, publicly-owned gateway 11 can completely distributed branch whether the type and SQL statement according to SQL statement have
Attribute information is held, when sending distributed data base 12 and/or calculate node 13 for SQL statement, is specifically used for: if it is determined that
SQL statement belongs to the sentence of modification storing process, trigger, view or function, and the SQL statement is generated deletion and was stored
Journey, trigger, the sentence of view or function and the new storing process of creation, trigger, view or function sentence；It will
The sentence for deleting storing process, trigger, view or function is sent to distributed data base 12 and calculate node 13；Such as
Fruit, which determines that the sentence of the new storing process of the creation, trigger, view or function has, completely distributed to support attribute
The sentence of the new storing process of the creation, trigger, view or function is sent distributed data base 12 and meter by information
Operator node 13；If it is determined that the sentence for creating new storing process, trigger, view or function, which does not have, to be divided completely
Cloth supports attribute information, sends calculating section for the sentence of the new storing process of the creation, trigger, view or function
Point 12.
Optionally, publicly-owned gateway 11 can completely distributed branch whether the type and SQL statement according to SQL statement have
Attribute information is held, when sending distributed data base 12 and/or calculate node 13 for SQL statement, is specifically used for: determining SQL language
Sentence belongs to data manipulation language DML, and SQL statement does not include without can the completely distributed storage for supporting attribute information
Journey, trigger, view or function, judging whether SQL statement has completely distributed can support attribute information；If it is determined that
SQL statement has and completely distributed can support attribute information, sends distributed data base 12 for SQL statement.It is further optional
Ground, publicly-owned gateway 11 are specifically used for: if it is determined that SQL statement, which does not have, completely distributed to support attribute information, by SQL statement
It is sent to distributed data base 12 or calculate node 13.
Optionally, publicly-owned gateway 11 does not have in judgement SQL statement completely distributed to support information, and SQL statement is sent out
When being sent to distributed data base 12 or calculate node 13, it is specifically used for: if it is determined that do not have can be completely distributed for SQL statement
It supports attribute information, determines that SQL statement is Simple SQL sentence, send distributed data base 12 for SQL statement；In distribution
After database 12 executes the SQL statement received, publicly-owned gateway 11 is also used to: obtaining the execution knot of distributed data base 12
Fruit, and implementing result is post-processed.
Optionally, publicly-owned gateway 11 is determining SQL statement without that completely distributed can support attribute information, by SQL language
When sentence is sent to calculate node 13, it is specifically used for: if it is determined that SQL statement, which does not have, completely distributed to support attribute information,
And determine that SQL statement is complicated SQL statement, calculate node 13 is sent by SQL statement.
The sentence provided by the above embodiment for supporting storing process, trigger and view, which executes method, can be applied to the present invention
Distributed data base system 10 provided by embodiment, and have corresponding technical characteristic and beneficial effect.
By the description above with respect to embodiment, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that, the present invention
It can be realized by software and required common hardware, naturally it is also possible to which by hardware realization, but in many cases, the former is more
Good embodiment.Based on this understanding, technical solution of the present invention substantially in other words contributes to the prior art
Part can be embodied in the form of software products, which can store in computer readable storage medium
In, floppy disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random such as computer
Access Memory, RAM), flash memory (FLASH), hard disk or CD etc., including some instructions are with so that a computer is set
The method that standby (can be personal computer, server or the network equipment etc.) executes each embodiment of the present invention.
Note that the above is only a better embodiment of the present invention and the applied technical principle.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that
The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, be able to carry out for a person skilled in the art it is various it is apparent variation,
It readjusts and substitutes without departing from protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, although being carried out by above embodiments to the present invention
It is described in further detail, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments only, without departing from the inventive concept, also
It may include more other equivalent embodiments, and the scope of the invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of sentence for supporting storing process, trigger and view executes method, which is characterized in that the method is applied to divide
Cloth Database Systems, the distributed data base system include publicly-owned gateway, distributed data base and at least one calculating section
Point carries the relevant database for supporting data basd link connection function in each calculate node；
The described method includes:
The publicly-owned gateway carries out grammatical and semantic analysis to the structured query language SQL statement that user inputs, and obtains SQL statement
Type and the SQL statement whether have and completely distributed can support attribute information；
The publicly-owned gateway completely distributed can support attribute according to whether the type and the SQL statement of SQL statement have
The SQL statement is sent distributed data base and/or calculate node by information；
The distributed data base and/or calculate node execute the SQL statement received；
Wherein, if the SQL statement is executed through distributed data base, and by implementing result after union operation, the knot of return
Fruit is correct, then the SQL statement, which has, completely distributed to support attribute information；
If the SQL statement is executed through distributed data base, and by implementing result after union operation, the result of return is wrong
Accidentally, then the SQL statement does not have and completely distributed can support attribute information.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein type and institute of the publicly-owned gateway according to SQL statement
Whether state SQL statement has and completely distributed can support attribute information, by the SQL statement be sent to distributed data base and/
Or calculate node, comprising:
If publicly-owned gateway determines that SQL statement belongs to the sentence of creation storing process, trigger, view or function, and described
The sentence for creating storing process, trigger, view or function has and completely distributed can support attribute information, by the SQL
Sentence is sent to distributed data base and calculate node；
If publicly-owned gateway determines that SQL statement belongs to the sentence of creation storing process, trigger, view or function, and described
The sentence for creating storing process, trigger, view or function does not have and completely distributed can support attribute information, will be described
SQL statement is sent to calculate node.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein type and institute of the publicly-owned gateway according to SQL statement
Whether state SQL statement has and completely distributed can support attribute information, by the SQL statement be sent to distributed data base and/
Or calculate node, comprising:
It, will be described if publicly-owned gateway determines that SQL statement belongs to the sentence for deleting storing process, trigger, view or function
SQL statement is sent to distributed data base and calculate node.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein type and institute of the publicly-owned gateway according to SQL statement
Whether state SQL statement has and completely distributed can support attribute information, by the SQL statement be sent to distributed data base and/
Or calculate node, comprising:
If publicly-owned gateway determines that SQL statement belongs to the sentence of modification storing process, trigger, view or function, will be described
SQL statement generate delete storing process, trigger, the sentence of view or function and the new storing process of creation, trigger,
The sentence of view or function；
The sentence of the deletion storing process, trigger, view or function is sent distributed data by the publicly-owned gateway
Library and calculate node；
It can be complete if publicly-owned gateway determines that the sentence of the new storing process of the creation, trigger, view or function has
Distribution supports attribute information, sends distribution for the sentence of the new storing process of the creation, trigger, view or function
Formula database and calculate node；
It can be complete if publicly-owned gateway determines that the sentence of the new storing process of the creation, trigger, view or function does not have
The sentence of the new storing process of the creation, trigger, view or function is sent meter by full distributed support attribute information
Operator node.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein type and institute of the publicly-owned gateway according to SQL statement
Whether state SQL statement has and completely distributed can support attribute information, by the SQL statement be sent to distributed data base and/
Or calculate node, comprising:
The publicly-owned gateway determines that SQL statement belongs to data manipulation language DML, and SQL statement includes not having to be distributed completely
Formula supports storing process, trigger, view or the function of attribute information, sends calculate node for the SQL statement.
6. the method according to claim 1, wherein type and institute of the publicly-owned gateway according to SQL statement
Whether state SQL statement has and completely distributed can support attribute information, by the SQL statement be sent to distributed data base and/
Or calculate node, comprising:
The publicly-owned gateway determines that SQL statement belongs to data manipulation language DML, and SQL statement does not include not having and can dividing completely
Cloth supports storing process, trigger, view or the function of attribute information, and judging whether the SQL statement has can be complete
Distribution supports attribute information；
If the publicly-owned gateway, which determines that SQL statement has, completely distributed to support attribute information, the SQL statement is sent
To distributed data base.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the method also includes:
If the publicly-owned gateway, which determines that SQL statement does not have, completely distributed to support attribute information, the SQL statement is sent out
It is sent to distributed data base or calculate node.
8. if the method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that the publicly-owned gateway determines that SQL statement does not have
Having completely distributed can support attribute information, send distributed data base for the SQL statement, comprising:
If the publicly-owned gateway, which determines that SQL statement does not have, completely distributed to support attribute information, the SQL statement is determined
It is Simple SQL sentence, sends distributed data base for the SQL statement；
After the distributed data base executes the SQL statement received, further includes:
The publicly-owned gateway obtains the implementing result of distributed data base, and post-processes to implementing result.
9. if the method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that the publicly-owned gateway determines that SQL statement does not have
Having completely distributed can support attribute information, send calculate node for the SQL statement, comprising:
If the publicly-owned gateway, which determines that SQL statement does not have, completely distributed to support attribute information, and determines the SQL language
Sentence is complicated SQL statement, sends calculate node for the SQL statement.
10. a kind of distributed data base system for supporting storing process, trigger and view characterized by comprising publicly-owned net
It closes, distributed data base and at least one calculate node, the relationship for supporting data basd link connection function is carried in each calculate node
Type database；
The publicly-owned gateway, the structured query language SQL statement for inputting to user carry out grammatical and semantic analysis, obtain
Whether the type of SQL statement and the SQL statement, which have, completely distributed to support attribute information；
The publicly-owned gateway completely distributed can be supported for whether the type and the SQL statement according to SQL statement to have
The SQL statement is sent distributed data base and/or calculate node by attribute information；
The distributed data base and/or calculate node are for executing the SQL statement received；
Wherein, if the SQL statement is executed through distributed data base, and by implementing result after union operation, the knot of return
Fruit is correct, then the SQL statement, which has, completely distributed to support attribute information；
If the SQL statement is executed through distributed data base, and by implementing result after union operation, the result of return is wrong
Accidentally, then the SQL statement does not have and completely distributed can support attribute information.
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