CN109813339B - Total station distance measurement method and system for sectional type atmosphere correction - Google Patents
Total station distance measurement method and system for sectional type atmosphere correction Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a total station ranging method and a system for sectional type atmosphere correction, wherein the total station is erected and a ranging sight track for ranging a target is obtained, a plurality of test points are selected on the ranging sight track to divide the distance between the total station and the target into n-1 sections of distances, and meteorological sensor groups are arranged beside the total station, each test point and the target; measuring the distance value between the total station and each test point and between the total station and a target through the total station, obtaining the distance value of each section of distance, and recording the meteorological information data of each meteorological sensor group during measurement; correcting the distance value of each section of distance according to the meteorological information data and then summing the corrected distance values to obtain the distance between the total station and the target; the invention can reduce the influence of meteorological conditions on measurement errors and effectively improve the measurement precision when the total station is used for long-distance measurement and the meteorological conditions are unstable.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering measurement, and particularly relates to a total station distance measuring method and system for sectional type atmosphere correction.
[ background of the invention ]
The total station, namely the total station type electronic distance meter, is a high-tech measuring instrument integrating light, machine and electricity, is a surveying and mapping instrument system integrating horizontal angle, vertical angle, distance (slant distance and flat distance) and height difference measuring functions, and is widely used in the field of precision engineering measurement or deformation monitoring of aboveground large buildings, underground tunnel construction and the like.
The distance measurement of the total station is realized by an optical method, the distance measurement range of the total station is generally thousands of meters or even tens of kilometers, and the measurement precision is reduced due to the influence of weather conditions such as air temperature, air pressure, humidity and the like on an optical propagation path because the measurement distance is long, so that the requirement of site construction cannot be met. The method for reducing the error generally comprises the steps of measuring meteorological elements at a measuring point and a target point respectively, and then taking the average value of the two points to calculate the meteorological correction, which can meet the requirements under the conditions of short measuring distance and stable meteorological conditions. However, when the measurement distance is long and the weather conditions are unstable, measurement errors still occur, and the field construction is affected.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to provide a total station distance measuring method and system for sectional atmospheric correction, which are used for reducing the influence of meteorological conditions on measuring errors and effectively improving the measuring precision when the total station is used for long-distance measurement and the meteorological conditions are unstable.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a total station distance measurement method for sectional type atmosphere correction is completed by the following steps:
erecting a total station and acquiring a ranging sight track when a target is subjected to ranging, selecting a plurality of test points on the ranging sight track to divide the distance between the total station and the target into n-1 sections of distances, and arranging meteorological sensor groups at the total station, each test point and the target, wherein n is more than or equal to 2 and is the number of the meteorological sensor groups;
measuring the distance value between the total station and each test point and the distance value between the total station and a target through the total station, obtaining the distance value of each section of distance value, and simultaneously recording the meteorological information data of each meteorological sensor group; and correcting the distance value of each section of distance according to the meteorological information data, and summing to obtain the corrected distance between the total station and the target.
Further, a specific method for correcting the distance value of each segment of the distance is as follows:
acquiring meteorological information data corresponding to the meteorological sensor groups at two ends of each section of sub-distance, obtaining a meteorological information data mean value corresponding to each section of sub-distance according to the two sets of meteorological information data, calculating a corresponding correction factor according to the meteorological information data mean value corresponding to each section of sub-distance, correcting the distance value of each section of sub-distance through the corresponding correction factor, and obtaining a corrected value of each section of sub-distance.
Further, the correction factor is obtained by
Is given in which miCorrection factor, p, for the distance of the ith segmentiAir pressure at distance i, hiRelative humidity, alpha, for the i-th sectioniCoefficient of atmospheric expansion, x, representing the distance of the ith segmentiTemperature correction coefficient, t, representing the i-th section of the distanceiRepresents the atmospheric temperature of the ith section, i is a positive integer, and i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n-1.
Further, the corrected distance between the total station and the target
DiIs the measured value of the ith segment of the distance.
Further, the actual distance d of each segment isiD is more than or equal to 100mi≤500m。
The other technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a total station distance measuring system for sectional type atmosphere correction comprises a total station and a plurality of meteorological sensor groups connected with the total station, wherein the meteorological sensor groups are distributed on a distance measuring sight track when the total station measures a target distance, and a group of meteorological sensor groups are arranged beside the total station and the target;
each meteorological sensor group comprises an air pressure sensor, an atmospheric temperature sensor and an air humidity sensor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the plurality of groups of weather sensor groups are arranged beside the ranging sight track, so that weather information on the ranging sight track can be effectively collected, the trimming factors of each section of distance are calculated according to the weather information obtained by each weather sensor group, and the measured value of each section of distance is corrected by the trimming factors, so that the accuracy of the measured value of the total station can be effectively improved, and the measuring error of the total station is reduced.
[ description of the drawings ]
Fig. 1 is a measurement schematic diagram of a total station ranging method for segmented atmospheric correction according to the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a total station; 2. a target point; 3. a meteorological sensor group; 4. and (5) ranging the sight line track.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention discloses a total station distance measuring method and a total station distance measuring system for sectional type atmosphere correction, as shown in figure 1, the method is completed by the following steps:
selecting a proper measuring point, erecting a total station 1, acquiring a ranging sight track 4 when a target 2 is subjected to ranging through the total station 1, and recording the ranging sight track 4.
According to the meteorological condition and the actual condition on the ranging sight line track 4, a plurality of test points are selected on the ranging sight line track 4, the distance between the total station 1 and the target 2 is divided into n-1 sections of distances, and meteorological sensor groups 3 are arranged beside the positions of the total station 1, each test point and the target 2, wherein n is larger than or equal to 2 and is the number of the meteorological sensor groups 3. In addition, in order to obtain better measurement accuracy, the actual distance value d of each segment of the distanceiD is more than or equal to 100miLess than or equal to 500m, the too short distance can cause the waste of meteorological sensor group, increases the measurement cost, and it is too big that the meteorological condition difference that probably is in one section minute distance apart from the overlength influences measurement accuracy.
The distance values between the total station 1 and each test point and between the total station 1 and the target 2 are respectively measured through the total station, the distance between the total station 1 and the next test point is subtracted from the distance between the total station 1 and the previous test point to obtain the measured distance value of each section of distance, namely the distance value, in order to increase the accuracy, the meteorological information data of each meteorological sensor group 3 are recorded during measurement, and the measured value and the meteorological information data are ensured to be kept synchronous.
The method is characterized in that the distance value of each section of the distance is corrected according to meteorological information data, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring meteorological information data corresponding to the meteorological sensor groups 3 at two ends of each section of the distance, obtaining a mean value of the meteorological information data corresponding to each section of the distance according to the two sets of the meteorological information data, namely, averaging the meteorological information data, and performing averaging operation according to each section of the distanceCalculating the mean value of the meteorological information data corresponding to the segment distance to obtain a corresponding correction factor, wherein the calculation method of the correction factor is realized by
Is given in which miCorrection factor, p, for the distance of the ith segmentiAir pressure at distance i, hiRelative humidity, alpha, for the i-th sectioniCoefficient of atmospheric expansion, x, representing the distance of the ith segmentiTemperature correction coefficient, t, representing the i-th section of the distanceiRepresents the atmospheric temperature of the ith section, i is a positive integer, and i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n-1.
After the correction factor is obtained by the method, the correction value m of each section of the distance is calculatediDiThen, the corrected correction values of the multiple segments of the sub-distances are summed to obtain the distance delta D between the corrected total station 1 and the target 2,
Diis the measured value of the ith segment of the distance.
The invention also discloses a total station ranging system for sectional atmospheric correction, which comprises a total station 1 and a plurality of meteorological sensor groups 3 connected with the total station 1, wherein the meteorological sensor groups 3 are arranged on a ranging sight track 4 when the total station 1 measures the distance of a target 2, and the positions of the total station 1 and the target 2 are both provided with the meteorological sensor groups 3; each meteorological sensor group 3 includes an air pressure sensor, an atmospheric temperature sensor and an air humidity sensor. The total station 1, the target 2 and the sensor group 3 are all used to implement the functions and actions proposed in the above method.
Example 1:
in this embodiment, the total station is a come card TM50 total station, the weather sensor group is a ZK-YD10A mobile weather station of zhongke zhengqi (beijing) science and technology limited, and the average value (i.e., the real distance value) between the total station and the target is 1.57815km after long-time on-site observation.
Firstly, after the total station is erected, a target is observed through the total station, the distance is divided into 4 sections according to the weather condition during measurement, and the arrangement point of each meteorological sensor group and the meteorological information during measurement are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 meteorological sensor set arrangement points and meteorological information during measurement
| Item | Unit of | First station (beside instrument) | Second station | Third station | Fourth station | Fifth station (target side) |
| Pressure p | mbar | 1002.34 | 1001.67 | 1001.53 | 1001.89 | 1001.76 |
| Atmospheric temperature t | ℃ | 31 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 29 |
| Relative humidity h | ％ | 57 | 56 | 56 | 56 | 55 |
By the above-mentioned meteorological information combination
Calculating the correction factor of each meteorological sensor group, wherein the atmospheric expansion coefficient is
Coefficient of temperature correction xi＝(7.5×ti(237.3+ti) +0.7857, and then calculating the corrected value for each section of the distance, as shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 detailed data of each segment distance
From table 2, it can be found that the final corrected calculation result is 1.57837 km.
As shown in table 3, specific data measured for the integrity measurement method of the prior art.
Table 3 prior art measurement data
| Item | Unit of | Parameter(s) |
| Pressure p | mbar | 1002.34 |
| Atmospheric temperature t | ℃ | 31 |
| Relative humidity h | ％ | 57 |
| α | / | 0.003661 |
| x | / | 1.652267 |
| Measuring distance | km | 1.5463 |
| Atmospheric correction | ppm | 21.5108 |
| Corrected result | km | 1.579562 |
The final calculation result was 1.579562km using the conventional correction method, as shown in table 3. Therefore, by comparing the calculation result 1.57837km of the invention with the calculation result 1.579562km in the prior art, it can be seen that the final calculation distance of the method of the invention is closer to the real distance (1.57815km), the difference between the method of the invention and the real distance is 0.22m, the difference between the calculation method in the prior art and the real distance is 1.412mm, and the error of the measurement method in the prior art is more than 6 times of the error of the method of the invention, thus the measurement method of the invention greatly reduces the distance measurement error.
Claims (5)
1. A total station distance measurement method for sectional type atmosphere correction is characterized by comprising the following steps:
erecting a total station (1), acquiring a ranging sight line track (4) when a target (2) is subjected to ranging, selecting a plurality of test points on the ranging sight line track (4) according to weather conditions during measurement, dividing the distance between the total station (1) and the target (2) into n-1 sections of distances, and arranging meteorological sensor groups (3) at the positions of the total station (1), each test point and the target (2), wherein n is more than or equal to 2 and is the number of the meteorological sensor groups (3);
measuring the distance values between the total station (1) and each test point and between the total station (1) and the target (2) through the total station, obtaining the distance value of each section of distance, measuring and simultaneously recording the meteorological information data of each meteorological sensor group (3), correcting the distance value of each section of distance according to the meteorological information data, and then summing to obtain the corrected distance between the total station (1) and the target (2);
the specific method for obtaining the distance value of each section of distance comprises the following steps: subtracting the distance between the total station (1) and the previous test point from the distance between the total station and the next test point to obtain a measured distance value of each section of distance;
the specific method for correcting the distance value of each segment of the distance comprises the following steps:
acquiring meteorological information data corresponding to meteorological sensor groups (3) at two ends of each section of sub-distance, calculating a meteorological information data mean value corresponding to each section of sub-distance according to the two groups of meteorological information data, calculating a corresponding correction factor according to the meteorological information data mean value corresponding to each section of sub-distance, correcting the distance value of each section of sub-distance through the corresponding correction factor, and obtaining a corrected value of each section of sub-distance.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said correction factor is obtained by passing through a range finder for atmospheric correction
Is given in which miCorrection factor, p, for the distance of the ith segmentiAir pressure at distance i, hiRelative humidity, alpha, for the i-th sectioniCoefficient of atmospheric expansion, x, representing the distance of the ith segmentiTemperature correction coefficient, t, representing the i-th section of the distanceiRepresents the atmospheric temperature of the ith section, i is a positive integer, and i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n-1.
3. A method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the distance between the total station (1) and the target (2) is modified
DiIs the measured value of the ith segment of the distance.
4. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the actual distance value d for each partial distance is a fractional valueiD is more than or equal to 100mi≤500m。
5. A total station ranging system for staged atmospheric correction, characterized in that, the total station ranging method for staged atmospheric correction according to claims 1-4 is implemented, comprising a total station (1) and a plurality of weather sensor groups (3) connected thereto, wherein the plurality of weather sensor groups (3) are arranged on a ranging sight track (4) of the total station (1) when measuring the distance to a target (2), and a set of weather sensor groups (3) are arranged at the positions of the total station (1) and the target (2);
each group of meteorological sensor group (3) all includes baroceptor, atmospheric temperature sensor and air humidity sensor.
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| CN107037439A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-08-11 | 武汉大学 | For the laser ceilometer atmosphere delay range error modification method of land target |
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| US8978440B2 (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2015-03-17 | Trimble Ab | Automated calibration of a surveying instrument |
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| CN105652281B (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2018-04-20 | 武汉大学 | A kind of method and system for electro-optical distance measurement atmospheric correction |
| CN107727061B (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2021-03-09 | 武汉霸云创新科技有限公司 | Photoelectric distance measurement system and method for autonomous weather correction |
| CN108151721B (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2020-03-27 | 国网福建省电力有限公司 | Ship lock deformation automatic monitoring system based on water level working condition identification and measuring and weather correcting method thereof |
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| US6182372B1 (en) * | 1998-08-25 | 2001-02-06 | Trimble Navigation Limited | Interpolation using digital means for range findings in a total station |
| CN107037439A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-08-11 | 武汉大学 | For the laser ceilometer atmosphere delay range error modification method of land target |
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