CN109773349B - Rotating shaft assembly for connecting laser cutting head - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotating shaft assembly for connecting a laser cutting head, which comprises a rotating shaft main body (1), a first elbow (2), a second elbow (3) and a driving assembly (4), wherein a first transmission shaft (11) sleeved with a pipeline guide spring A (19) is arranged in a rotating shaft main body shell (13) of the rotating shaft main body (1), and a second transmission shaft B (22) sleeved with a pipeline guide spring B (29) is arranged in a first elbow shell (21) of the first elbow (2); the water, electricity and gas pipeline fixedly wound on the pipeline guide spring A (19) enters the first elbow (2), then is wound on the pipeline guide spring B (29) and directly enters the second elbow (3) from the tail end of the pipeline guide spring B (29). The invention leads a plurality of water and gas pipelines to the laser cutting head from the inside of the rotating shaft component through the pipeline guide spring, thereby solving the problem of pipeline winding; and this rotation axis subassembly can also inside leaded light, compact structure and simple ingenious.

Description

Rotating shaft assembly for connecting laser cutting head

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of laser processing, in particular to a rotating shaft assembly for connecting a laser cutting head, which can prevent a rotating shaft from interfering with an external light path and solve the problem of winding a water, electricity and gas pipeline on the rotating shaft.

Background

Along with the development of laser processing technology, the demand for three-dimensional processing in the technical field of laser processing is increasing, the current three-dimensional laser processing equipment generally comprises a three-dimensional five-axis laser processing system consisting of three linear shafts, two rotating shafts and an external light path, the external light path and the rotating shafts are independent structures, when the rotating shafts move in actual production, the rotating shafts are easy to interfere with external light path components, the movement of the rotating shafts is influenced, so that the effective processing range of the laser processing equipment is limited, meanwhile, in order to enable the laser cutting equipment to work normally, a plurality of water and electricity gas pipelines are generally required to be transmitted to a laser cutting head through the two rotating shafts, in the prior art, the water and electricity pipelines are generally directly wound outside the rotating shafts, and the pipelines also rotate together when the rotating shafts rotate, so three problems are caused, firstly, the rotating shafts drive the pipelines to rotate back, the pipeline is easy to break down, secondly, a plurality of pipelines are wound outside the rotating shaft to be unfavorable for maintenance and repair of the rotating shaft, and thirdly, the pipeline wound outside the rotating shaft can influence the attractiveness of the equipment.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a rotating shaft assembly for connecting a laser cutting head, which can prevent a rotating shaft from interfering with an external light path and solve the problem of winding a water-electricity-gas pipeline on the rotating shaft.

The invention aims to solve the problems by the following technical scheme:

a rotation shaft subassembly for connecting laser cutting head, includes rotation shaft main part and drive assembly, its characterized in that: the driving assembly is arranged on the outer side of a rotating shaft main body shell of the rotating shaft main body, the lower end of the rotating shaft main body is connected with the vertical end of the first elbow, the horizontal end of the first elbow is connected with the horizontal end of the second elbow, and the vertical end of the second elbow is connected with the laser cutting head; a first transmission shaft is arranged in the rotating shaft main body shell, a second transmission shaft B is arranged in a first elbow shell of the first elbow, the upper end of a pipeline guide spring A sleeved on the first transmission shaft is relatively fixed on the rotating shaft main body shell, the lower end of the pipeline guide spring A is relatively fixed on the first transmission shaft and rotates back and forth along with the first transmission shaft, the upper end of the first elbow shell is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the first transmission shaft and moves along with the first transmission shaft, one end of the pipeline guide spring B sleeved on the second transmission shaft B is relatively fixed on the first elbow shell, the other end of the pipeline guide spring B is relatively fixed on the second transmission shaft B and rotates back and forth along with the second transmission shaft B, and a second elbow shell is fixed at one end of the second transmission shaft B and moves along with the second transmission shaft B; the water, electricity and gas pipeline fixedly wound on the pipeline guide spring A enters the first elbow, then is wound on the pipeline guide spring B and directly enters the second elbow from the tail end of the pipeline guide spring B; when the rotating shaft assembly component is used, the first transmission shaft drives the first elbow to move and the second transmission shaft B drives the second elbow to move, so that a water-electricity-gas pipeline on the pipeline guide spring A is static relative to the first elbow shell and a water-electricity-gas pipeline on the pipeline guide spring B is static relative to the second elbow shell.

The second transmission shaft B is driven by the second transmission shaft A, the second transmission shaft A is coaxially sleeved in the inner cavity of the first transmission shaft, and the second transmission shaft A and the first transmission shaft A are connected through an angular contact ball bearing; and a locking nut A is sleeved on the outer side of the lower end of the second transmission shaft A and is used for fixing an angular contact ball bearing between the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft A.

The top end of the second transmission shaft A is higher than the top end of the first transmission shaft, and a second belt wheel is arranged at the part, higher than the top end of the first transmission shaft, of the second transmission shaft A; the lower end of the second transmission shaft A protrudes out of the inner cavity of the first transmission shaft, a third belt wheel is arranged on the protruding portion of the lower end of the second transmission shaft A, a fourth belt wheel is arranged at one end of the second transmission shaft B corresponding to the lower end of the second transmission shaft A, and a belt on the third belt wheel is connected with the fourth belt wheel through a tensioning mechanism arranged in the inner cavity of the first elbow shell so as to transmit the rotary motion of the second transmission shaft A to the second transmission shaft B.

The hollow channel in the second transmission shaft A and the hollow channel in the second transmission shaft B are both laser light path channels; the laser beam is vertically incident on the reflecting part of the first elbow from the upper part of the rotating shaft main body along the central axis of the second transmission shaft A, the laser beam reflected by the reflecting part of the first elbow is horizontally incident on the reflecting part of the second elbow along the central axis of the second transmission shaft B, and the laser beam reflected by the reflecting part of the second elbow is incident in the laser cutting head along the vertical central axis of the second elbow; so that the rotating shaft assembly has an inner light guiding function.

The top of first transmission shaft is provided with first band pulley, and first band pulley is connected with the first motor band pulley of first motor drive end in the drive assembly through the conveyer belt for first motor drive first transmission shaft rotates.

The upper section and the lower section of the outer wall of the first transmission shaft are respectively provided with a cylindrical sleeve, and the cylindrical sleeve at the upper section of the first transmission shaft is respectively fixedly connected with the inner wall of the rotating shaft main body shell through a crossed roller bearing A and the cylindrical sleeve at the lower section of the first transmission shaft through a cylindrical roller bearing; the crossed roller bearing A comprises an inner ring of the crossed roller bearing A and an outer ring of the crossed roller bearing A, wherein the inner ring of the crossed roller bearing A is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the cylindrical sleeve on the upper section of the first transmission shaft, and the outer ring of the crossed roller bearing A is tightly attached to the inner wall of the rotating shaft main body shell and is fixedly connected with the inner wall.

The bottom of the outer ring of the crossed roller bearing A is fixedly provided with a crescent pipeline steering mechanism, the pipeline steering mechanism is composed of an upper pipeline steering block and a lower pipeline steering block, four pipeline grooves which are correspondingly arranged are respectively arranged in the upper pipeline steering block and the lower pipeline steering block, the two pipeline steering blocks are spliced together to form four pipeline channels A which penetrate through the interior of the pipeline steering mechanism, the inlets of the four pipeline channels A are arranged on the outer side of the pipeline steering mechanism, the outlets of the pipeline channels A are arranged on the inner side of the pipeline steering mechanism, and a pipeline joint A is arranged at the outlet; and a cylindrical head screw and a locking nut B which are matched with each other are arranged below the pipeline steering mechanism, and the initial section of the pipeline guide spring A is fixed at the bottom of the pipeline steering mechanism by matching the cylindrical head screw and the locking nut B.

And a through hole B which is arranged corresponding to the inlet of the pipeline channel A on the outer side of the pipeline steering mechanism is arranged on the rotating shaft main body shell.

The hydraulic and electric transmission device is characterized in that a spring fixing plate for fixing the pipeline guide spring A is arranged on the boss body of the cylindrical sleeve at the lower section of the first transmission shaft, a pipeline joint B and a pipeline joint C are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the boss body, a hydraulic and electric pipeline extends to the spring fixing plate along the pipeline guide spring A and then enters a plurality of axial through holes distributed in the circumferential direction on the boss body of the cylindrical sleeve at the lower section of the first transmission shaft through the pipeline joint B, and the hydraulic and electric pipeline is output by the pipeline joint C after passing through the axial through holes.

The central axes of the third belt wheel and the fourth belt wheel are perpendicular to each other, the tensioning mechanisms matched with the third belt wheel and the fourth belt wheel are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the first elbow shell, the third belt wheel is wound on the fourth belt wheel after a belt wound on the third belt wheel bypasses an idler wheel on the tensioning mechanism, a corresponding U-shaped through hole is formed in the first elbow shell corresponding to the tensioning mechanism, and the tensioning mechanism inside the third belt wheel and the fourth belt wheel can be adjusted from the outside of the first elbow through the U-shaped through hole.

The driving assembly is arranged on one side of the rotating shaft main body shell and comprises a first motor, a second motor, a motor outer cover, a motor mounting plate and a water, electricity and gas connecting plate, the motor mounting plates for respectively mounting the first motor and the second motor are all positioned on the upper part of the motor outer cover, the water, electricity and gas connecting plate is arranged between the two motor mounting plates, and a through hole A for allowing a water, gas and gas pipeline to enter an internal channel of the rotating shaft assembly from the outside is formed in the water, electricity and gas connecting plate; the first motor and the second motor respectively drive the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft A to rotate through the corresponding transmission parts.

The port A of the first elbow shell is coaxially connected with the rotating shaft main body through a first transmission shaft, and the port A is fixedly connected with the lower end of the first transmission shaft, so that the first transmission shaft can drive the first elbow shell to rotate; the port B of the first elbow shell is connected with the second elbow shell through a second transmission shaft B, and the second transmission shaft B can drive the second elbow shell to rotate.

The central axis of A port and the central axis of B port intersect perpendicularly and are provided with first mirror base mounting panel in the crossing position department of two central axes, and the contained angle of first mirror base mounting panel and two central axes is and first mirror base mounting panel installs the first mirror base of taking first lens, and the position at first lens place is the crossing point department of two central axes, and the laser beam is incited on first lens and incides in the second elbow along the central axis direction of B port through the reflection of first lens on inciting to the through-hole at second transmission shaft A center on the first lens.

The lower part of first microscope base mounting panel is equipped with first microscope base shell, and first microscope base shell and first microscope base mounting panel parallel arrangement and first microscope base shell fixed mounting are on first elbow shell for the inside of first elbow shell forms a confined cavity.

A cylindrical cavity adjacent to the port B of the first elbow shell is arranged in the first elbow shell, and the central axis of the cylindrical cavity is superposed with the central axis of the port B; the bottom of the end, far away from the port B, of the cylindrical cavity is provided with a through hole C which can lead the water and gas pipeline into the cylindrical cavity.

The coaxial setting of second transmission shaft B is in cylindrical cavity and connect through the bearing between the two, wherein the one end that second transmission shaft B is close to the A port is provided with deep groove ball bearing and the other end is provided with alternately roller bearing B, alternately roller bearing B includes alternately roller bearing B's inner circle and alternately roller bearing B's outer lane, alternately roller bearing B's outer lane fixed mounting is on the inner wall of the first elbow shell of B port department, alternately roller bearing B's inner circle fixed cover establish on second transmission shaft B and with the annular boss fixed connection of second transmission shaft B tip, the annular boss and the second elbow fixed connection of second transmission shaft B tip.

The pipeline guide spring B is sleeved on the second transmission shaft B between the cylindrical cavity and the second transmission shaft B, the initial section of the pipeline guide spring B is fixed on the inner wall of the end face of the cylindrical cavity far away from the port B, the tail section of the pipeline guide spring B is fixed on a pipeline guide groove on the second transmission shaft B, and the pipeline guide groove is arranged close to the inner ring of the crossed roller bearing B and is fixed on the inner ring of the crossed roller bearing B.

A plurality of pipeline channels B are arranged between the pipeline guide groove and the second elbow, and the pipeline channels B sequentially penetrate through the pipeline guide groove, the inner ring of the crossed roller bearing B, the end boss of the second transmission shaft B and the end face of the port C of the second elbow shell along the axial direction; the inlet of the pipeline channel B is arranged on the pipeline guide groove, the outlet of the pipeline channel B is arranged in the inner wall of the end face of the second elbow shell, and the outlet of the pipeline channel B is provided with a pipeline joint D.

The port C of the second elbow shell is coaxially connected with the port B of the first elbow shell through a second transmission shaft B, and the port C is fixedly connected with one end of the second transmission shaft B so that the second transmission shaft B can drive the second elbow shell to rotate; the D port of the second elbow shell is coaxially connected with the laser cutting head; so that the second transmission shaft B drives the laser cutting head to rotate through the second elbow.

The axis of C port and the axis of D port intersect perpendicularly and be provided with the second microscope base mounting panel in the crossing position department of two axis, the contained angle of second microscope base mounting panel and two axis is and the second microscope base mounting panel is installed the second microscope base of taking the second lens, the second microscope base on be equipped with the position of second microscope base water inlet and second microscope base delivery port and second lens place respectively and be the crossing point department of two axis, the laser beam is incited on the second lens and is incited in the laser cutting head along the axis direction of D port from the through-hole at second transmission shaft B center on the second lens and through the reflection of second lens.

The below of second microscope base mounting panel is equipped with second microscope base shell, and second microscope base shell and second microscope base mounting panel parallel arrangement and second microscope base shell fixed mounting are on the second elbow shell for the inside of second elbow shell forms a confined cavity.

The second elbow shell is provided with a through hole D which is arranged adjacent to the port D of the second elbow shell; the gas path pipe extends out of the second elbow through the through hole D, and enters the laser cutting head through the through hole E in the side wall of the laser cutting head after being transmitted to the outside of the rotating shaft assembly for a section, and the laser cutting head is provided with a circuit interface.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

according to the invention, the pipeline steering mechanism, the pipeline guide spring and other mechanisms are arranged in the rotating shaft assembly, so that a plurality of water and gas pipelines are guided to the laser cutting head from the inside of the rotating shaft assembly, the pipelines cannot be wound or damaged in the operation process of the rotating shaft assembly, the normal operation of the rotating shaft assembly cannot be influenced, and the pipelines cannot be seen from the outside of the rotating shaft assembly, so that the attractiveness cannot be influenced, and the problem caused by winding the pipeline on the rotating shaft assembly connected with the laser cutting head in the prior art is effectively solved; simple and ingenious structure, and is suitable for popularization and use.

The rotating shaft assembly has an internal light guide function, namely a laser light path passes through the center of the rotating shaft assembly, a laser beam is vertically incident on the reflecting part of the first elbow from the upper part of the rotating shaft main body along the central axis of the second transmission shaft A, the laser beam reflected by the reflecting part of the first elbow is horizontally incident on the reflecting part of the second elbow along the central axis of the second transmission shaft B, and the laser beam reflected by the reflecting part of the second elbow is incident into the laser cutting head along the vertical central axis of the second elbow; the general rotating head only has the function of transmission, if the rotating head only can transmit is adopted, an external light path guiding system is also required to be arranged, so that the cost is increased, and the rotating head and the external light path are easy to interfere with each other, so that the space range of laser processing is influenced; therefore, the rotating shaft assembly not only can transmit light, but also can guide light in the rotating shaft assembly, and the structure is compact.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the overall structure of a rotating shaft assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a right side view of the overall construction of the rotating shaft assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a rear view of the entire structure of the rotary shaft assembly and an enlarged partial sectional view of the driving assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an isometric view of a first drive shaft of the rotary shaft assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a rotating shaft assembly according to the present invention and a partially enlarged view thereof;

fig. 6 is a coupling state view of a rotating shaft main body and a driving assembly of the rotating shaft assembly of the present invention and a partially enlarged view thereof;

fig. 7 is a left sectional view of a coupling structure of a rotating shaft main body and a driving assembly of the rotating shaft assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an isometric view of the line steering mechanism of the rotary shaft assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is an exploded view of the pipe steering mechanism of the rotating shaft assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a top view of a lower steering block of the tube steering mechanism of the rotary shaft assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is an isometric view of the internal structure of a first elbow of the rotating shaft assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a left side view of the internal structure of a first elbow of the rotating shaft assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a left side view of a first elbow of the rotating shaft assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is an isometric view of a first elbow of the rotating shaft assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a front view of a first elbow of the rotating shaft assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a front sectional view A-A of a first bend of the rotary shaft assembly of the present invention, with a portion enlarged;

FIG. 17 is an isometric view of a first elbow concealed first mirror mount housing of the swivel axle assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is an isometric view of a second elbow of the rotary shaft assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a front view of a second elbow concealed second mirror mount housing of the rotating shaft assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a front view of a second elbow of the rotating shaft assembly of the present invention concealing a second mirror mount housing and a second mirror mount;

FIG. 21 is a rear elevational view of a second elbow of the rotary shaft assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a left side view of the second elbow of the rotating shaft assembly of the present invention, with its housing hidden;

FIG. 23 is a bottom plan view of a second bend of the rotary shaft assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 24 is a schematic view of a second lens holder and a mounting plate of the rotating shaft assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 25 is a top view of the laser cutting head of the rotary shaft assembly of the present invention;

fig. 26 is a front view structural view of a laser cutting head of the rotary shaft assembly of the present invention.

Wherein: 1-a rotating shaft body; 11-a first drive shaft; 111 — a first pulley; 112-axial through hole; 113-line connection B; 114-line connection C; 12-a second drive shaft a; 121 — a second pulley; 122 — third pulley; 13-rotating shaft body housing; 131-via B; 14-angular contact ball bearings; 15-locking nut A; 16-cross roller bearing a; 161-inner ring of crossed roller bearing a; 162-outer ring of crossed roller bearing a; 17-cylindrical roller bearings; 18-a pipeline steering mechanism; 181-pipeline groove; 182 — tube path a; 183-line connection A; 184-cylindrical head screw; 185 — and a locking nut B; 19-line guide spring a; 191-a spring fixing plate; 2-a first elbow; 21-a first elbow housing; 211 — port a; 212-port B; 213-first mirror base mounting plate; 214-a U-shaped through hole; 22-second drive shaft B; 221-fourth pulley; 23-a first lens holder; 24-a first mirror base housing; 25-cylindrical cavity; 251 — through hole C; 26-deep groove ball bearing; 27-cross roller bearing B; 271-inner ring of crossed roller bearing B; 272 — outer ring of crossed roller bearing B; 28-a tensioning mechanism; 281-idler pulley; 29-pipeline guide spring B; 291-pipeline guide groove; 3-second elbow; 31-a second elbow housing; 311-C port; 312-D port; 313-a second mirror base mounting plate; 32-a second lens holder housing; 33-a second lens base; 331-a second microscope base water inlet; 332-second lens base water outlet; 34-pipeline channel B; 35-line connection D; 36-through hole D; 4-a drive assembly; 41-a first motor; 411 — first motor pulley; 42-a second motor; 421 — second motor pulley; 43-motor housing; 44-motor mounting plate; 45-water, electricity and gas connecting plates; 451 — Via A; 5, cutting the head by laser; 51-a circuit interface; 52-through hole E.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.

As shown in fig. 1-26: a rotating shaft component for connecting a laser cutting head comprises a rotating shaft main body 1, a first elbow 2, a second elbow 3 and a driving component 4, wherein the driving component 4 is installed on the outer side of a rotating shaft main body shell 13 of the rotating shaft main body 1, the lower end of the rotating shaft main body 1 is connected with the vertical end of the first elbow 2, the horizontal end of the first elbow 2 is connected with the horizontal end of the second elbow 3, and the vertical end of the second elbow 3 is connected with a laser cutting head 5; a first transmission shaft 11 is arranged in a rotating shaft main body shell 13 of the rotating shaft main body 1, a second transmission shaft B22 is arranged in a first elbow shell 21 of the first elbow 2, the upper end of a pipeline guide spring A19 sleeved on the first transmission shaft 11 is relatively fixed on the rotating shaft main body shell 13, the lower end of the pipeline guide spring A19 is relatively fixed on the first transmission shaft 11 and rotates back and forth along with the first transmission shaft 11, the upper end of the first elbow shell 21 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the first transmission shaft 11 and moves along with the first transmission shaft 11, one end of a pipeline guide spring B29 sleeved on a second transmission shaft B22 is relatively fixed on the first elbow shell 21, the other end of a pipeline guide spring B29 is relatively fixed on a second transmission shaft B22 and rotates back and forth along with the second transmission shaft B22, and a second elbow shell 31 of the second elbow 3 is fixed at one end of a second transmission shaft B22 and moves along with the second transmission shaft; the water, electricity and gas pipeline fixedly wound on the pipeline guide spring A19 enters the first elbow 2, then is wound on the pipeline guide spring B29 and directly enters the second elbow 3 from the tail end of the pipeline guide spring B29; when the rotating shaft component assembly is used, the first transmission shaft 11 drives the first elbow 2 to move and the second transmission shaft B22 drives the second elbow 3 to move, so that the water and the air pipelines on the pipeline guide spring A19 are static relative to the first elbow casing 21 and the water and the air pipelines on the pipeline guide spring B29 are static relative to the second elbow casing 31.

In addition, the rotating shaft assembly has an internal light guiding function, wherein the hollow channel inside the second transmission shaft a12 and the hollow channel inside the second transmission shaft B22, which are disposed in the first transmission shaft 11, are laser light path channels; the laser beam vertically enters the reflecting part of the first elbow 2 from the upper part of the rotating shaft main body 1 along the central axis of the second transmission shaft A12, the laser beam reflected by the reflecting part of the first elbow 2 horizontally enters the reflecting part of the second elbow 3 along the central axis of the second transmission shaft B22, and the laser beam reflected by the reflecting part of the second elbow 3 enters the laser cutting head 5 along the vertical central axis of the second elbow 3.

The following describes each component of the rotating shaft assembly provided by the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, to further illustrate the technical solution of the rotating shaft assembly of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-3, 5, 7: this rotation axis subassembly includes rotation axis main part 1, first elbow 2, second elbow 3 and drive assembly 4, rotation axis main part 1 includes first transmission shaft 11, second transmission shaft A12, rotation axis main part shell 13, first elbow 2 includes first elbow shell 21, second transmission shaft B22, first mirror seat mounting panel 213 and first mirror seat shell 24, second elbow 3 includes second elbow shell 31, second mirror seat mounting panel 313 and second mirror seat shell 32, drive assembly 4 includes first motor 41, second motor 42 and motor housing 43.

As shown in fig. 4-7: the upper section and the lower section of the first transmission shaft 11 are respectively provided with a cylindrical sleeve, the diameter of the cylindrical sleeve at the upper section is smaller than that of the cylindrical sleeve at the lower section, the upper section and the lower section are integrally formed, and a plurality of axial through holes 112 are distributed in the body of the cylindrical sleeve at the lower section along the circumferential direction; the second transmission shaft A12 is a cylindrical sleeve, the outer diameter of the second transmission shaft A is smaller than the inner diameter of the first transmission shaft, the hollow channel inside the second transmission shaft A12 is a laser light path channel, the second transmission shaft A12 is coaxially sleeved inside the first transmission shaft 11, the top end of the second transmission shaft A12 is higher than the top end of the first transmission shaft 11, a second belt wheel 121 is arranged on the portion, higher than the first transmission shaft 11, of the top end of the second transmission shaft A12, a first belt wheel 111 is arranged on the top end of the first transmission shaft 11, and the first belt wheel 111 is located under the second belt wheel 121. The first transmission shaft 11 and the second transmission shaft A12 are connected through angular contact ball bearings 14, a pair of angular contact ball bearings 14 are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end between the two transmission shafts, and the bearings are used for isolating the relative motion between the two transmission shafts so that the two transmission shafts can respectively rotate without influencing each other; in addition, a locking nut A15 is sleeved on the outer side of the lower end of the second transmission shaft A12, and the locking nut A15 is used for fixing the angular contact ball bearing 14 between the first transmission shaft 11 and the second transmission shaft A12 and preventing the angular contact ball bearing 14 from sliding downwards under the action of gravity.

As shown in fig. 5-7: the rotating shaft main body shell 13 is a cylindrical sleeve, the rotating shaft main body shell 13 is coaxially sleeved outside the first transmission shaft 11, and the rotating shaft main body shell 13 and the first transmission shaft 11 are connected through a crossed roller bearing A16 and a cylindrical roller bearing 17, wherein an inner ring 161 of the crossed roller bearing A is fixedly sleeved outside the cylindrical sleeve at the upper section of the first transmission shaft 11, an outer ring 162 of the crossed roller bearing A is tightly attached to the inner wall of the upper end of the rotating shaft main body shell 13 and is fixedly connected with the same, the cylindrical roller bearing 17 is fixedly sleeved outside the cylindrical sleeve at the lower section of the first transmission shaft 11, and the outer side of the cylindrical roller bearing 17 is tightly attached to the inner wall; the cross roller bearing a16 and the cylindrical roller bearing 17 function to isolate relative movement between the first transmission shaft 11, which is a rotating member, and the rotating shaft main body housing 13, which is a stationary member.

As shown in fig. 3, 5-6, 8-10: a crescent pipeline steering mechanism 18 is arranged below an outer ring 162 of the crossed roller bearing A, the pipeline steering mechanism 18 is composed of an upper pipeline steering block and a lower pipeline steering block, four pipeline grooves 181 which are correspondingly arranged are respectively arranged in the two pipeline steering blocks, four pipeline channels A182 which penetrate through the interior of the pipeline steering mechanism 18 are formed by splicing the two pipeline steering blocks, inlets of the four pipeline channels A182 are arranged on the outer side of the pipeline steering mechanism 18, outlets of the pipeline channels A182 are arranged on the inner side of the pipeline steering mechanism 18, and pipeline joints A183 are arranged at the outlets. In addition, a through hole B131 is formed in the rotary shaft main body housing 13, and the through hole B131 is provided corresponding to the inlets of the four pipe passages a182 outside the pipe-line steering mechanism 18. A pipe guide spring a19 is fitted between the upper end of the first transmission shaft 11 and the rotation shaft main body casing 13 to guide and fix the water and electric pipes. Three groups of cylindrical head screws 184 arranged in an arc-shaped interval manner and a locking nut B185 matched with the cylindrical head screws 184 are arranged below the pipeline steering mechanism 18, the three groups of cylindrical head screws 184 and the locking nut B185 are used for fixing the initial section of the pipeline guide spring A19, wherein each cylindrical head screw 184 is provided with a radial small hole, the initial end of the pipeline guide spring A19 is sequentially inserted into the small holes of the three cylindrical head screws 184, and then the cylindrical head screws 184 are fixed below the pipeline steering mechanism 18 by the locking nut B185; the end section of the pipeline guide spring A19 is fixed on the spring fixing plate 191, the spring fixing plate 191 is installed on the boss body of the cylindrical sleeve at the lower section of the first transmission shaft 11, and the fixing mode of the end section of the pipeline guide spring A19 is the same as that of the initial section.

As shown in fig. 1-3, 5-7: the driving assembly 4 is disposed on one side of the rotating shaft main body casing 13, and includes a first motor 41, a second motor 42 and a motor housing 43, the two motors respectively drive the first transmission shaft 11 and the second transmission shaft a12, and the motors and the transmission shafts are driven by a belt. The motor housing 43 is disposed outside the motor, and serves to protect the motor and also serves as a connecting member, by which the entire rotary shaft assembly can be connected to the laser processing apparatus through the motor housing 43. There are two motor mounting panels 44 on the upper portion of motor housing 43, and two motor mounting panels 44 are used for the first motor 41 of installation fixing and second motor 42 respectively, have a water, electricity and gas connecting plate 45 between two motor mounting panels 44, have a through-hole A451 on water, electricity and gas connecting plate 45 for provide the inside passageway of water, electricity trachea route entering rotation axis subassembly. The top end of the first motor 41 is provided with a first motor pulley 411 and the top end of the second motor 42 is provided with a second motor pulley 421.

As shown in fig. 1-3, 5, 11-17: the first elbow 2 is arranged below the rotating shaft main body 1, the first elbow shell 21 is provided with two ports, namely an A port 211 and a B port 212, the two ports are circular ports, the central axes of the A port 211 and the B port 212 are vertically intersected, a first mirror base mounting plate 213 is arranged near the intersected position of the two central axes, the included angle between the first mirror base mounting plate 213 and the two central axes is 45 degrees, the first mirror base 23 is arranged on the first mirror base mounting plate 213, the first mirror is arranged on the first mirror base 23, the position of the first mirror is just the intersection point of the two central axes, a laser beam is incident on the first mirror from a through hole in the center of the second transmission shaft A12, and the laser beam is incident on the second elbow 3 just along the central axis direction of the B port 212 after being reflected by the first mirror.

As shown in fig. 1-3, 5, 11-17: the a port 211 of the first elbow housing 21 is coaxially connected to the rotating shaft body 1 through the first transmission shaft 11, the a port 211 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first transmission shaft 11, the first transmission shaft 11 can drive the first elbow housing 21 to rotate, the B port 212 of the first elbow housing 21 is connected to the second elbow housing 31 through the second transmission shaft B22, and the second transmission shaft B22 can drive the second elbow housing 31 to rotate. A first mirror base housing 24 is arranged below the first mirror base mounting plate 213, the first mirror base housing 24 and the first mirror base mounting plate 213 are arranged in parallel, and the first mirror base housing 24 is fixedly mounted on the first elbow housing 21, so that a closed cavity is formed inside the first elbow housing 21. The second transmission shaft B22 is a cylindrical sleeve, the hollow channel inside the second transmission shaft B22 is a laser light path channel, one end of the sleeve is provided with a ring of annular boss, the second transmission shaft B22 is coaxially arranged in the cylindrical cavity 25 and is connected with the cylindrical cavity 25 through a bearing, one end close to the a port 211 is provided with a deep groove ball bearing 26, the other end is provided with a cross roller bearing B27, the cross roller bearing B27 comprises an inner ring 271 of the cross roller bearing B and an outer ring 272 of the cross roller bearing B, wherein the inner ring 271 of the cross roller bearing B is fixedly sleeved on the second transmission shaft B22 and is fixedly connected with the annular boss at the end of the second transmission shaft B22, and is further fixedly connected with the second elbow 3 through the annular boss, and the outer ring 272 of the roller cross bearing B27 is tightly attached to and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the B port 212 of the. A third belt wheel 122 is sleeved at the lower end of the second transmission shaft A12, a fourth belt wheel 221 is arranged at one end, close to the second transmission shaft A12, of the second transmission shaft B22, and the fourth belt wheel 221 is arranged on the outer side of one end of the cylindrical cavity 25; the third belt wheel 122 and the fourth belt wheel 221 are correspondingly arranged, the central axes of the third belt wheel 122 and the fourth belt wheel 221 are perpendicular to each other, in addition, two tensioning mechanisms 28 which are matched with the third belt wheel 122 and the fourth belt wheel 221 for use are arranged on the inner wall of the first elbow shell 21, a U-shaped through hole 214 is respectively arranged at the positions, corresponding to the two tensioning mechanisms 28, on the first elbow shell 21, and the tensioning mechanisms 28 inside the first elbow 2 can be adjusted from the outside of the first elbow 2 through the U-shaped through holes 214; the belt wound around the third pulley 122 is wound around the idler pulley 281 of the tension mechanism 28 and then wound around the fourth pulley 221, and the tension mechanism 28 is used for transmitting the rotation motion of the second transmission shaft a12 to the second transmission shaft B22 by matching with the third pulley 122 and the fourth pulley 221.

As shown in fig. 5, 11-17: a pipe guide spring B29 is interposed between the second driving shaft B22 and the cylindrical chamber 25 for guiding and fixing the water and electric pipes. The initial section of the pipeline guide spring B29 is fixed on the inner wall of the end face of the cylindrical cavity 25 far away from the port B212, the final section of the pipeline guide spring B29 is fixed on a pipeline guide groove 291, the pipeline guide groove 291 is sleeved on the second transmission shaft B22, and the pipeline guide groove 291 abuts against the inner ring 271 of the crossed roller bearing B and is fixedly connected with the inner ring 271 of the crossed roller bearing B; and the beginning and end segments of the line guide spring B29 are fixed in the same manner as the beginning segment of the line guide spring a 19.

As shown in fig. 5, 11-17: a cylindrical cavity 25 is arranged in the first elbow housing 21, the cylindrical cavity 25 is close to the B port 212, and the central axis of the cylindrical cavity 25 is superposed with the central axis of the B port 212; the cylindrical chamber 25 has a through hole C251 in the bottom portion of the cylindrical chamber 25 at the end remote from the B port 212, the through hole C251 being used to introduce the water and gas line into the interior of the cylindrical chamber 25.

As shown in fig. 5, 16, 18: a plurality of pipeline passages B34 are arranged between the pipeline guide groove 291 and the second elbow 3, and the pipeline passage B34 sequentially passes through the pipeline guide groove 291, the inner ring 271 of the crossed roller bearing B, the end boss of the second transmission shaft B22 and the end face of the C port 311 of the second elbow shell 31 along the axial direction. The inlet of the pipeline channel B34 is arranged on the pipeline guide groove 291, the outlet of the pipeline channel B34 is arranged on the inner wall of the end face of the second elbow shell 31, and the outlet of the pipeline channel B34 is provided with a pipeline joint D35.

As shown in fig. 1-3, 5, 18-24: the second elbow 3 is arranged on one side of the first elbow 2, and is provided with two ports, namely a port C311 and a port D312, the two ports are circular ports, the central axes of the port C311 and the port D312 are vertically intersected, a second mirror base mounting plate 313 is arranged near the position where the two central axes are intersected, the included angle between the second mirror base mounting plate 313 and the two central axes is 45 degrees, a second mirror base 33 is arranged on the second mirror base mounting plate 313, a second mirror is arranged on the second mirror base 33, the position where the second mirror is located is just the intersection point of the two central axes, a laser beam is incident on the second mirror from a through hole in the center of a second transmission shaft B22, and the laser beam is incident into the laser 5 just along the central axis direction of the port D312 through the reflection of the second mirror. Below the second mirror base mounting plate 313 is a second mirror base housing 32, the second mirror base housing 32 is arranged parallel to the second mirror base mounting plate 313, and the second mirror base housing 32 is fixedly mounted on the second elbow housing 31, so that a closed cavity is formed inside the second elbow housing 31. The port C311 is coaxially connected with the port B212 of the first elbow housing 21 through a second transmission shaft B22, the port D312 is coaxially connected with the laser cutting head 5, the second transmission shaft B22 can drive the second elbow 3 to rotate, and the second elbow 3 can drive the laser cutting head 5 to rotate.

As shown in fig. 1-3, 25-26: the laser cutting head 5 is provided with a circuit interface 51 and a through hole E52.

The technical solution of the present invention is further explained below with respect to the movement of the rotating shaft assembly of the present invention: the first transmission shaft 11 of rotation axis subassembly is driven by first motor 41, the first band pulley 111 on first transmission shaft 11 top passes through the belt and is connected with the transmission of the first motor band pulley 411 on first motor 41 top, first motor 41 passes through the belt and drives first transmission shaft 11 rotatory, because of the lower extreme and the first elbow 2 fixed connection of first transmission shaft 11, and then drive first elbow 2 and synchronous revolution thereof, for the narration convenience, now call the motion trail that first transmission shaft 11 drove first elbow 2 and formed first motion trail. The second transmission shaft a12 is driven by the second motor 42, the second belt wheel 121 at the top end of the second transmission shaft a12 is in transmission connection with the second motor belt wheel 421 at the top end of the second motor 42 through a belt, the second motor 42 drives the second transmission shaft a12 to rotate through the belt, the second transmission shaft a12 further transmits motion to the second transmission shaft B22 through the belt sequentially bypassing the third belt wheel 122, the tensioning mechanism 28 and the fourth belt wheel 221, and the second elbow 3 is further driven to rotate synchronously with the second transmission shaft B22 due to the fact that one end of the second transmission shaft B22 is fixedly connected with the second elbow 3. For convenience of description, the motion track formed by the second transmission shaft B22 driving the second elbow 3 is referred to as a second motion track. Because the second transmission shaft B22 is connected with the first elbow 2 through the deep groove ball bearing 26 and the cross roller bearing B27, the first elbow 2 can drive the second transmission shaft B22 to move along the first motion track, and simultaneously the second transmission shaft B22 can also drive the second elbow 3 to move along the second motion track, so that the motion track finally formed by the second elbow 3 is the superposition track of the first motion track and the second motion track, and the actual motion track of the laser cutting head 5 is the superposition track because the laser cutting head 5 is fixedly connected with the second elbow 3.

The connection of the water, electricity and gas pipelines in the rotating shaft assembly of the present invention is further described as follows: in order to enable the laser cutting equipment to work normally, a group of water and electricity pipelines needs to be inserted into the rotating shaft assembly, the water and electricity pipelines generally enter the rotating shaft assembly from the top of the motor outer cover 43 and sequentially pass through the rotating shaft main body 1, the first elbow 2 and the second elbow 3 to reach the laser cutting head 5, and the group of pipelines generally comprises two water paths, one circuit and one gas path, and totally four pipelines. The two water paths comprise a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe and are used for providing circulating cooling water for the lenses; the circuit is used for supplying power to an anti-collision mechanism on the laser cutting head 5; the gas circuit is used for supplying gas to a high-pressure gas nozzle on the laser cutting head 5, and the high-pressure gas nozzle is used for blowing away material slag generated during laser cutting.

The water, electricity and gas pipeline enters the motor housing 43 through the water, electricity and gas connecting plate 45 at the top of the motor housing 43, a circular through hole A451 is formed in the water, electricity and gas connecting plate 45, the water, electricity and gas pipeline enters the motor housing 43 through the through hole A451, then enters the rotating shaft main body housing 13 through the through hole B131 in the rotating shaft main body housing 13 and the pipeline steering mechanism 18 arranged corresponding to the through hole B131, and the water, electricity and gas pipeline is output through a pipeline joint A183 on the inner side of the pipeline steering mechanism 18. The water, electricity and gas pipeline led out from the pipeline joint A183 is fixedly wound on the pipeline guide spring A19 along the trend of the pipeline guide spring A19, extends to the spring fixing plate 191 along the pipeline guide spring A19, then enters the axial through hole 112 in the boss body at the lower section of the first transmission shaft 11 through the pipeline joint B113, passes through the axial through hole 112 and is output by the pipeline joint C114. The water, electricity and gas pipeline led out from the pipeline joint C114 directly enters the first elbow 2, and because the first transmission shaft 11 is fixedly connected with the first elbow 2, the first transmission shaft 11 can drive the first elbow 2 to rotate synchronously with the first elbow 2 when rotating, that is, the first elbow 2 is relatively static with the first transmission shaft 11 when rotating, so that the water, electricity and gas pipeline entering the first elbow 2 through the axial through hole 112 in the boss at the lower end of the first transmission shaft 11 cannot be influenced by the rotation of the first transmission shaft 11, and when the first transmission shaft 11 rotates, the first transmission shaft 11, the first elbow 2 and the water, electricity and gas pipeline inside the first elbow 2 are relatively static. The water, electricity and gas pipeline entering the first elbow 2 enters the cylindrical cavity 25 through the through hole C251, then is fixedly wound on the pipeline guide spring B29 along the trend of the pipeline guide spring B29, extends to the pipeline guide groove 291 along the pipeline guide spring B, then passes through the pipeline channel B34 and is output by the pipeline joint D35. The water, electricity and gas pipelines led out from the pipeline joint D35 directly enter the second elbow 3, because the second transmission shaft B22 is fixedly connected with the second elbow 3, the second transmission shaft B22 can drive the second elbow 3 to rotate synchronously with the second elbow 3 when rotating, namely the second elbow 3 is relatively static with the second transmission shaft B22 when rotating, the pipeline guide groove 291 fixedly arranged on the second transmission shaft B22 and the inner ring 271 of the cross roller bearing B and the second transmission shaft B22 are also relatively static, therefore, the water, electricity and gas pipelines entering the second elbow 3 through the pipeline channel B34 cannot be influenced by the rotation of the second transmission shaft B22, and when the second transmission shaft B22 rotates, the water, electricity and gas pipelines in the second transmission shaft B22, the second elbow 3 and the pipeline channel B34 are relatively static.

The water and air pipelines are separated from each other and are respectively transmitted after entering the second elbow 3, wherein the circulating cooling water introduced into the two water pipes cools the second mirror seat 33 and the first mirror seat 23 in sequence; the circuit pipe is connected with a circuit interface 51 on the end face of the laser cutting head 5, and transmits an electric signal to an anti-collision button of the laser cutting head 5 through the circuit interface 51 to supply power to the anti-collision button; the gas path pipe extends out of the second elbow 3 through a through hole D36 on the second elbow 3, and after a small section is transmitted outside the rotating shaft assembly, the gas path pipe enters the laser cutting head 5 through a through hole E52 on the side wall of the laser cutting head 5, so that high-pressure gas is conveyed to the vicinity of a cutting nozzle of the laser cutting head 5, when laser is output through the cutting nozzle to cut a workpiece, the high-pressure gas and the laser beam are coaxially output, slag generated in the cutting process is rapidly blown away from the cutting surface, and the cutting surface of the workpiece is guaranteed to be smooth and clean without slag residue.

The flow direction of the cooling water after entering the second elbow 3 through the water inlet pipe is as follows: the second lens seat water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe in the second elbow 3 are respectively connected with the second lens seat water inlet 331 and the second lens seat water outlet 332 on the second lens seat 23, the cooling water enters the second lens seat 33 through the second lens seat water inlet 331 to cool the second lens seat 33 and then flows out from the second lens seat water outlet 332, the second lens seat water outlet pipe guides the cooling water flowing out from the second lens seat water outlet 332 into the first lens seat 23, namely the second lens seat water outlet pipe enters the first elbow 2 through the pipeline B34, the second lens seat water outlet pipe in the first elbow 2 is connected with the water inlet of the first lens seat 23, the cooling water enters the first lens seat 23 from the first lens seat water inlet pipe and cools the first lens, then the cooling water flows out from the water outlet of the first lens seat 23, the water outlet of the first lens seat 23 is connected with the water outlet pipe of the first lens seat 23, the water outlet pipe of the first lens seat 23 outputs the cooling water cooling the second lens seat 33 and the first lens seat 23 to the outside of the rotating shaft assembly through the water outlet pipe And is connected with an external water cooler which provides continuous cooling water for the first lens seat 23 and the second lens seat 33 through a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe.

According to the invention, the pipeline steering mechanism 18, the pipeline guide spring and other mechanisms are arranged in the rotating shaft assembly, so that a plurality of water and gas pipelines are led to the laser cutting head 5 from the inside of the rotating shaft assembly, the pipelines cannot be wound or damaged in the operation process of the rotating shaft assembly, the normal operation of the rotating shaft assembly cannot be influenced, and the pipelines cannot be seen from the outside of the rotating shaft assembly, so that the attractiveness cannot be influenced, and the problem caused by winding the pipelines on the rotating shaft assembly connected with the laser cutting head in the prior art is effectively solved; simple and ingenious structure, and is suitable for popularization and use.

The function of a general rotating head is only transmission, if a rotating head which only can transmit is adopted, an external optical path guiding system is also required to be equipped, so that the cost is increased, and the spatial range of laser processing is influenced because the rotating head and the external optical path are easy to interfere. The rotating shaft assembly of the invention has an internal light guide function, namely, a laser light path passes through the center of the rotating shaft assembly, a laser beam is vertically incident on the reflecting part of the first elbow 2 from the upper part of the rotating shaft main body 1 along the central axis of the second transmission shaft A12, the laser beam reflected by the reflecting part of the first elbow 2 is horizontally incident on the reflecting part of the second elbow 3 along the central axis of the second transmission shaft B22, and the laser beam reflected by the reflecting part of the second elbow 3 is incident into the laser cutting head 5 along the vertical central axis of the second elbow 3; therefore, the rotating shaft assembly not only can transmit light, but also can guide light in the rotating shaft assembly, and the structure is compact.

The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea proposed by the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention; the technology not related to the invention can be realized by the prior art.

Claims (22)

1. A rotating shaft assembly for connecting a laser cutting head, comprising a rotating shaft body (1) and a drive assembly (4), characterized in that: the driving assembly (4) is arranged on the outer side of a rotating shaft main body shell (13) of the rotating shaft main body (1), the lower end of the rotating shaft main body (1) is connected with the vertical end of the first elbow (2), the horizontal end of the first elbow (2) is connected with the horizontal end of the second elbow (3), and the vertical end of the second elbow (3) is connected with the laser cutting head (5); a first transmission shaft (11) is arranged in the rotating shaft main body shell (13), a second transmission shaft B (22) is arranged in a first elbow shell (21) of the first elbow (2), the upper end of a pipeline guide spring A (19) sleeved on the first transmission shaft (11) is relatively fixed on the rotating shaft main body shell (13), the lower end of the pipeline guide spring A (19) is relatively fixed on the first transmission shaft (11) and rotates along with the first transmission shaft (11) back and forth, the upper end of the first elbow shell (21) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the first transmission shaft (11) and moves along with the first transmission shaft (11), one end of a pipeline guide spring B (29) sleeved on the second transmission shaft B (22) is relatively fixed on the first elbow shell (21), and the other end of the pipeline guide spring B (29) is relatively fixed on the second transmission shaft B (22) and rotates along with the second transmission shaft B (22) back and forth, a second elbow shell (31) of the second elbow (3) is fixed at one end of the second transmission shaft B (22) and moves along with the second transmission shaft B (22); a water, electricity and gas pipeline fixedly wound on the pipeline guide spring A (19) enters the first elbow (2), then is wound on the pipeline guide spring B (29) and directly enters the second elbow (3) from the tail end of the pipeline guide spring B (29); when the rotating shaft assembly is used, the first transmission shaft (11) drives the first elbow (2) to move, and the second transmission shaft B (22) drives the second elbow (3) to move, so that a water, electricity and gas pipeline from the lower end of the pipeline guide spring A (19) to one end of the pipeline guide spring B (29) fixed on the first elbow shell (21) moves synchronously along with the first elbow shell (21), and a water, electricity and gas pipeline behind the tail end of the pipeline guide spring B (29) moves synchronously along with the second elbow shell (31).

2. The rotary shaft assembly for coupling to a laser cutting head of claim 1, wherein: the second transmission shaft B (22) is driven by a second transmission shaft A (12), the second transmission shaft A (12) is coaxially sleeved in an inner cavity of the first transmission shaft (11) and is connected with the first transmission shaft A and the second transmission shaft A through an angular contact ball bearing (14), a locking nut A (15) is sleeved on the outer side of the lower end of the second transmission shaft A (12), and the locking nut A (15) is used for fixing the angular contact ball bearing (14) between the first transmission shaft (11) and the second transmission shaft A (12).

3. The rotary shaft assembly for connecting a laser cutting head as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the top end of the second transmission shaft A (12) is higher than the top end of the first transmission shaft (11), a second belt wheel (121) is arranged at the higher part of the top end of the second transmission shaft A (12), and the second belt wheel (121) is connected with a second motor belt wheel (421) at the driving end of a second motor (42) in the driving assembly (4) through a transmission belt, so that the second motor (42) drives the second transmission shaft A (12) to rotate; the lower end of the second transmission shaft A (12) protrudes out of the inner cavity of the first transmission shaft (11), a third belt wheel (122) is arranged on the protruding portion, a fourth belt wheel (221) is arranged at one end of the second transmission shaft B (22) corresponding to the lower end of the second transmission shaft A (12), and a belt on the third belt wheel (122) is connected with the fourth belt wheel (221) through a tensioning mechanism (28) arranged in the inner cavity of the first elbow shell (21) so as to transmit the rotary motion of the second transmission shaft A (12) to the second transmission shaft B (22).

4. A rotary shaft assembly for connecting a laser cutting head as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein: the hollow channel inside the second transmission shaft A (12) and the hollow channel inside the second transmission shaft B (22) are laser light path channels; laser beams are vertically incident on a reflecting part of the first elbow (2) from the upper part of the rotating shaft main body (1) along the central axis of the second transmission shaft A (12), the laser beams reflected by the reflecting part of the first elbow (2) are horizontally incident on the reflecting part of the second elbow (3) along the central axis of the second transmission shaft B (22), and the laser beams reflected by the reflecting part of the second elbow (3) are incident into the laser cutting head (5) along the vertical central axis of the second elbow (3); so that the rotating shaft assembly has an inner light guiding function.

5. A rotary shaft assembly for attachment to a laser cutting head as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the top end of the first transmission shaft (11) is provided with a first belt wheel (111), and the first belt wheel (111) is connected with a first motor belt wheel (411) at the driving end of a first motor (41) in the driving assembly (4) through a transmission belt, so that the first motor (41) drives the first transmission shaft (11) to rotate.

6. A rotary shaft assembly for attachment to a laser cutting head as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the upper section and the lower section of the outer wall of the first transmission shaft (11) are respectively provided with a cylindrical sleeve, and the cylindrical sleeve at the upper section of the first transmission shaft (11) is respectively fixedly connected with the inner wall of the rotating shaft main body shell (13) through a crossed roller bearing A (16) and the cylindrical sleeve at the lower section through a cylindrical roller bearing (17); the crossed roller bearing A (16) comprises an inner ring (161) of the crossed roller bearing A and an outer ring (162) of the crossed roller bearing A, wherein the inner ring (161) of the crossed roller bearing A is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the cylindrical sleeve at the upper section of the first transmission shaft (11), and the outer ring (162) of the crossed roller bearing A is tightly attached to the inner wall of the rotating shaft main body shell (13) and is fixedly connected with the inner wall.

7. The rotary shaft assembly for connecting a laser cutting head as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the bottom of an outer ring (162) of the crossed roller bearing A is fixedly provided with a crescent pipeline steering mechanism (18), the pipeline steering mechanism (18) is composed of an upper pipeline steering block and a lower pipeline steering block, the upper pipeline steering block and the lower pipeline steering block are respectively provided with four pipeline grooves (181) which are correspondingly arranged, the two pipeline steering blocks are assembled together to form four pipeline channels A (182) which penetrate through the interior of the pipeline steering mechanism (18), inlets of the four pipeline channels A (182) are arranged on the outer side of the pipeline steering mechanism (18), outlets of the pipeline channels A (182) are arranged on the inner side of the pipeline steering mechanism (18), and a pipeline joint A (183) is arranged at the outlet; and a cylindrical head screw (184) and a locking nut B (185) which are matched with each other are arranged below the pipeline steering mechanism (18), and the cylindrical head screw (184) and the locking nut B (185) are matched with each other to fix the initial section of the pipeline guide spring A (19) at the bottom of the pipeline steering mechanism (18).

8. The rotary shaft assembly for coupling to a laser cutting head of claim 7, wherein: the rotating shaft main body shell (13) is provided with a through hole B (131) which is arranged corresponding to the inlet of a pipeline channel A (182) on the outer side of the pipeline steering mechanism (18).

9. The rotary shaft assembly for connecting a laser cutting head as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the hydraulic and electric water pipeline is characterized in that a spring fixing plate (191) for fixing a pipeline guide spring A (19) is arranged on a boss body of the cylindrical sleeve at the lower section of the first transmission shaft (11), a pipeline joint B (113) and a pipeline joint C (114) are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the boss body, the hydraulic and electric water pipeline extends to the spring fixing plate (191) along the pipeline guide spring A (19), then enters a plurality of axial through holes (112) distributed along the circumferential direction on the boss body of the cylindrical sleeve at the lower section of the first transmission shaft (11) through the pipeline joint B (113), and the hydraulic and electric water pipeline is output through the pipeline joint C (114) after passing through the axial through holes (112).

10. The rotary shaft assembly for connecting a laser cutting head as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the central axes of the third belt wheel (122) and the fourth belt wheel (221) are perpendicular to each other, the tensioning mechanism (28) used in cooperation with the third belt wheel (122) and the fourth belt wheel (221) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the first elbow shell (21), a belt wound on the third belt wheel (122) is wound on the fourth belt wheel (221) after being wound on an idler wheel (281) on the tensioning mechanism (28), a corresponding U-shaped through hole (214) is formed in the first elbow shell (21) corresponding to the tensioning mechanism (28), and the tensioning mechanism (28) inside the third belt wheel (122) and the fourth belt wheel (221) can be adjusted from the outside of the first elbow (2) through the U-shaped through hole (214).

11. The rotary shaft assembly for coupling to a laser cutting head of claim 1, wherein: the driving assembly (4) is arranged on one side of the rotating shaft main body shell (13), the driving assembly (4) comprises a first motor (41), a second motor (42), a motor outer cover (43), motor mounting plates (44) and water, electricity and gas connecting plates (45), the motor mounting plates (44) for respectively mounting the first motor (41) and the second motor (42) are all positioned on the upper portion of the motor outer cover (43), the water, electricity and gas connecting plate (45) is arranged between the two motor mounting plates (44), and the water, electricity and gas connecting plate (45) is provided with a through hole A (451) for enabling a water and gas pipeline to enter an internal channel of the rotating shaft assembly from the outside; the first motor (41) and the second motor (42) drive the first transmission shaft (11) and the second transmission shaft A (12) to rotate through corresponding transmission parts respectively.

12. The rotary shaft assembly for coupling to a laser cutting head of claim 1, wherein: the A port (211) of the first elbow shell (21) is coaxially connected with the rotating shaft main body (1) through a first transmission shaft (11), and the A port (211) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the first transmission shaft (11) so that the first transmission shaft (11) can drive the first elbow shell (21) to rotate; the port B (212) of the first elbow shell (21) is connected with the second elbow shell (31) through a second transmission shaft B (22), and the second transmission shaft B (22) can drive the second elbow shell (31) to rotate.

13. The rotary shaft assembly for coupling to a laser cutting head of claim 12, wherein: the central axis of A port (211) and the central axis of B port (212) intersect perpendicularly and are provided with first mirror base mounting panel (213) in the crossing position department of two central axes, the contained angle of first mirror base mounting panel (213) and two central axes is 45 and first mirror base mounting panel (213) install first mirror base (23) of taking first lens, the position at first lens place is the crossing point department of two central axes, the laser beam incides on first lens and incides in second elbow (3) along the central axis direction of B port (212) from the through-hole at second transmission shaft A (12) center on inciding first lens and through the reflection of first lens.

14. The rotary shaft assembly for coupling to a laser cutting head of claim 13, wherein: the lower part of first mirror base mounting panel (213) is equipped with first mirror base shell (24), first mirror base shell (24) and first mirror base mounting panel (213) parallel arrangement and first mirror base shell (24) fixed mounting on first elbow shell (21) for the inside of first elbow shell (21) forms a confined cavity.

15. A rotary shaft assembly for attachment to a laser cutting head as claimed in any one of claims 1, 12 to 14, wherein: a cylindrical cavity (25) adjacent to the B port (212) of the first elbow shell (21) is arranged in the first elbow shell (21), and the central axis of the cylindrical cavity (25) is superposed with the central axis of the B port (212); the bottom of one end, far away from the B port (212), of the cylindrical cavity (25) is provided with a through hole C (251) which can lead the water and gas pipeline into the cylindrical cavity (25).

16. The rotary shaft assembly for coupling to a laser cutting head of claim 15, wherein: the second transmission shaft B (22) is coaxially arranged in the cylindrical cavity (25) and is connected with the cylindrical cavity through a bearing, wherein one end, close to the port A (211), of the second transmission shaft B (22) is provided with a deep groove ball bearing 26, the other end of the second transmission shaft B is provided with a crossed roller bearing B (27), the crossed roller bearing B (27) comprises an inner ring (271) of the crossed roller bearing B and an outer ring (272) of the crossed roller bearing B, the outer ring (272) of the crossed roller bearing B is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the first elbow shell (21) at the port B (212), the inner ring (271) of the crossed roller bearing B is fixedly sleeved on the second transmission shaft B (22) and is fixedly connected with an annular boss at the end part of the second transmission shaft B (22), and the annular boss at the end part of the second transmission shaft B (22) is fixedly connected with the second elbow.

17. The rotary shaft assembly for coupling to a laser cutting head of claim 16, wherein: the pipeline guide spring B (29) is sleeved on the second transmission shaft B (22) between the cylindrical cavity (25) and the second transmission shaft B (22), the initial section of the pipeline guide spring B (29) is fixed on the inner wall of the end face of the cylindrical cavity (25) far away from the port B (212), the final section of the pipeline guide spring B (29) is fixed on a pipeline guide groove (291) on the second transmission shaft B (22), and the pipeline guide groove (291) is arranged close to the inner ring (271) of the crossed roller bearing B and fixed on the inner ring (271) of the crossed roller bearing B.

18. The rotary shaft assembly for coupling to a laser cutting head of claim 17, wherein: a plurality of pipeline channels B (34) are arranged between the pipeline guide groove (291) and the second elbow (3), and the pipeline channels B (34) sequentially penetrate through the pipeline guide groove (291), an inner ring (271) of the crossed roller bearing B, an end boss of the second transmission shaft B (22) and an end face of a port C (311) of the second elbow shell (31) along the axial direction; the inlet of the pipeline channel B (34) is arranged on the pipeline guide groove (291), the outlet of the pipeline channel B (34) is arranged in the inner wall of the end face of the second elbow shell (31), and a pipeline joint D (35) is arranged at the outlet of the pipeline channel B (34).

19. The rotating shaft assembly for connecting a laser cutting head as claimed in claim 1 or 18, wherein: the C port (311) of the second elbow shell (31) is coaxially connected with the B port (212) of the first elbow shell (21) through a second transmission shaft B (22), and the C port (311) is fixedly connected with one end of the second transmission shaft B (22) so that the second transmission shaft B (22) can drive the second elbow shell (31) to rotate; the D port (312) of the second elbow shell (31) is coaxially connected with the laser cutting head (5); so that the second transmission shaft B (22) drives the laser cutting head (5) to rotate through the second elbow (3).

20. The rotary shaft assembly for coupling to a laser cutting head of claim 19, wherein: the central axis of C port (311) and the central axis of D port (312) intersect perpendicularly and are provided with second microscope base mounting panel (313) in the crossing position department of two central axes, the contained angle of second microscope base mounting panel (313) and two central axes is 45 and second microscope base mounting panel (313) install take second microscope base (33) of second lens, be equipped with second microscope base water inlet (331) and second microscope base delivery port (332) respectively on second microscope base (33) and the position at second lens place is the intersect department of two central axes, the laser beam incides on the second lens and incides in laser cutting head (5) along the central axis direction of D port (312) through the through-hole at second transmission shaft B (22) center on the second lens.

21. The rotary shaft assembly for coupling to a laser cutting head of claim 20, wherein: a second mirror base shell (32) is arranged below the second mirror base mounting plate (313), the second mirror base shell (32) and the second mirror base mounting plate (313) are arranged in parallel, and the second mirror base shell (32) is fixedly mounted on the second elbow shell (31), so that a closed cavity is formed inside the second elbow shell (31).

22. The rotary shaft assembly for coupling to a laser cutting head of claim 1, wherein: the second elbow shell (31) is provided with a through hole D (36), and the through hole D (36) is arranged close to a D port (312) of the second elbow shell (31); the air passage pipe extends out of the second elbow (3) through the through hole D (36), and after the air passage pipe is transmitted to the outside of the rotating shaft assembly for a section, the air passage pipe enters the inside of the laser cutting head (5) through the through hole E (52) in the side wall of the laser cutting head (5), and the laser cutting head (5) is provided with a circuit interface (51).

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