CN109770908A - Wild animal population shoulder height measurement method based on infrared camera - Google Patents
Wild animal population shoulder height measurement method based on infrared camera Download PDFInfo
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- CN109770908A CN109770908A CN201910056385.6A CN201910056385A CN109770908A CN 109770908 A CN109770908 A CN 109770908A CN 201910056385 A CN201910056385 A CN 201910056385A CN 109770908 A CN109770908 A CN 109770908A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to wild animal population resemblance measuring techniques, specially the wild animal population shoulder height measurement method based on infrared camera, solve the problems, such as to lack the wild animal population shoulder height measurement method based on infrared camera.The measurement method is realized by following steps: step 1, in ground even and open Open-air sites, installs an infrared camera；Step 2 after a period of time, checks in infrared camera whether there is successful photo；Step 3 finds out wild animal forelimb standing place in photo, and erect measuring rod in the position, infrared camera takes pictures to measuring rod by the object of reference on selected successful photo；Successful photo and corresponding measuring rod photo are superimposed by step 4 using Photoshop software, in the intersection of measuring rod and animal shoulder, read animal shoulder height according to measuring rod scale.The applicable species of the method for the invention are extensive, easy to operate, and measurement is accurate, facilitate the shoulder height database for establishing entire wild animal population.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to animal population resemblance measurement methods, belong to wild animal research and administrative skill field, tool
Body is the wild animal population shoulder height measurement method based on infrared camera.
Background technique
Shoulder height is to measure that wild animal formalness is most intuitive and one of common important indicator.In general, people can
Easily to measure its shoulder height feature with dead or captured animal, but when facing the wild animal of normal activity
It is difficult to realize.It by trap, the means work such as shooes away, draw in the net and catch animal, not only expend a large amount of manpower and material resources, but also can be to wild dynamic
Object brings huge interference, easily causes animal injured or even dead.Animal field anesthesia means are also undesirable, usually cause a system
Abnormal physiological change is arranged, for example hypoxemia, glucocorticoid secretion are excessive, metabolic acidosis etc..Therefore, tradition is utilized
Method measures animal population shoulder height feature or for a certain target sample duplicate measurements and undesirable.
For how to measure to non-damage wild animal resemblance, many scholars propose different methods.It is overall
For, according to the difference of Computing Principle, which can be roughly divided into two types.First method measure first between camera and animal away from
From, the ratio of the distance with lens focus is then calculated, this ratio is exactly magnification ratio of the animal bodies feature in photo,
The essence of this method is camera imaging principle (Shrader AM, et al. Growth and age determination of
African savanna elephants. Journal of Zoology, 2006, 270(1): 40-48; Breuer T,
et al. Using photogrammetry and color scoring to assess sexual dimorphism in
wild western gorillas (Gorilla gorilla). American Journal of Physical
Anthropology, 2007, 134(3): 369-382; Berger J. Estimation of body-size traits
by photogrammetry in large mammals to inform conservation. Conservation
Biology, 2012,26 (5): 769-777).For the distance between precise measurement camera and animal, laser in the method
Rangefinder is often necessary.Second method is to put it in advance using the marker of ready-made known dimensions as scale bar
It takes pictures together with animal by animal, certain resemblances of animal is measured according to scale bar.The selection of marker is a variety of more
Measuring rod can be placed directly in by animal (Ireland D, the et al. Development and that takes pictures by sample, investigator
application of a mass-estimation method for Weddell seals. Marine Mammal
Science, 2006,22 (2): 361-378), it can also take pictures when the individual of the same race of known dimensions is close to measurement target
(Willisch CS, et al. Long-distance photogrammetric trait estimation in free-
Ranging animals:A new approach. Mammalian Biology, 2013,78 (5): 351-355), very
The laser point of known spacing can extremely be projected with it to animal as image scale (Durban J, Parsons K.
Laser-metrics of free-ranging killer whales. Marine Mammal Science, 2006, 22
(3): 735-743).
Existing measurement method be all built upon measurement target surveyee continuous observation arrive on the basis of, be generally usually used in surveying
Those activities are measured within the scope of core man domain or are in a small amount of animal of mating period, because these animals are easily found and clap
According to.However, sampling deviation can be potentially caused in this way, and then influence the universality of measurement result.For those due to concealment
By force, aggressive high or habitat is difficult to close and is inconvenient to the wild animal observed, and existing measurement method is simultaneously not suitable for.In addition to special
Except industry slr camera, many Existing methods also need some specific equipment or technology, such as overlength zoom lens, rangefinder, prestige
Remote mirror imaging technique etc..Accurate in order to measure, the certain methods later period needs geometric transformation and complex calculation to proofread animal and clap
According between person relative position and angle.In addition, being inevitably present master when different investigator's handheld camera shooting animals
See difference.Generally speaking, the efficiency of animal, the quantity of available devices, operation and the difficulty of calculating is searched all to significantly limit
The sample size of final measurement analysis, therefore it is not particularly suited for the measurement of entire wild animal population physical trait.
Compared with traditional investigation method, infrared camera technology has lot of advantages, out of office can such as continue working outside, non-damage
Wound property, can capture indiscoverable species etc. at objectivity, become the conventional means of wild animal census monitoring, but
How wild animal population shoulder height is measured using infrared camera not yet find relevant report at present.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology the present invention, provides a kind of wild animal population shoulder height survey based on infrared camera
Amount method.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: the wild animal population shoulder height measurement side based on infrared camera
Method is realized by following steps:
Step 1 installs an infrared camera in ground even and open Open-air sites, and infrared sensor is produced by wild animal
Raw infrared signal is triggered and is taken pictures to wild animal；
Step 2, whether after a period of time, checking has successful photo in infrared camera, ensures the fixed position of infrared camera at this time not
Become, so-called successful photo refers to that clear display is in the wild animal shoulder and forelimb of stance, and positioning can be found out in photo
The photo of wild animal forelimb standing place object of reference in photo；
Step 3 finds out wild animal forelimb standing place in photo, and in the position by the object of reference on selected successful photo
Setting measuring rod is set, infrared camera takes pictures to measuring rod；
Successful photo and corresponding measuring rod photo after fetching infrared camera, are superimposed by step 4 using Photoshop software
(the camera lens of only one fixed focal length of infrared camera used in investigation wild animal at present, as long as guaranteeing infrared camera together
Fixed position is constant, and successful photo and measuring rod photo size are just the same, and realizes superposition completely), measuring rod with
The intersection of animal shoulder reads animal shoulder height according to measuring rod scale.
The method of the invention is using wild animal population as measurement object, using infrared camera, can not injure or not
Effective measurement of short distance is carried out in the case where interfering animal to wild animal population shoulder height, applicable species are extensive, and it is easy to operate,
It can repeat, measurement is accurate, can provide sufficient amount of sample, facilitate the shoulder height data for establishing entire wild animal population
Library.
In order to evaluate the credibility of measurement method of the present invention, 46 tribal chief are measured using measurement method of the present invention
The shoulder height of work Si Yang Fallow deer (22 male, 24 female), and measurement result is compared with corresponding hand survey shoulder height result.Fallow deer lives in
In the fence of 0.85 hectare of Beijing elk ecological experiment center (39 ° of 46 ' N, 116 ° of 27 ' E), and female and male separate stable breeding.Root
According to the worn ear tag of every Fallow deer and unique external feature (such as the quantity and form of deer horn, body colour and other are atypical not
Rule feature etc.) carry out individual identification.Kao Jin Fallow deer is lured by food, the shoulder height of each individual has been surveyed with rodman.Each
Fallow deer individual and its corresponding measuring rod photo are shot by Ltl-6210MC model infrared camera.Finally linearly returned using unitary
Return model (see figure 2) to analyze hand to survey shoulder height result and utilize the difference between measurement result of the present invention.Analysis shows the two it
Between there are highly relevant (n=46, r=0.83, t=9.93, P < 0.001), between regression slope and intercept and 1 and 0 point
Not without significant difference (t=- 0.65, P=0.52；T=0.54, P=0.59), show that the present invention is believable.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of measurement method of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is simple linear regression analysis scatter plot in measurement method credibility of the present invention test.
Specific embodiment
Wild animal population shoulder height measurement method based on infrared camera, is realized by following steps:
Step 1 installs an infrared camera in ground even and open Open-air sites, and infrared sensor is produced by wild animal
Raw infrared signal is triggered and is taken pictures to wild animal；Automatic continuous shooting state is set by infrared camera, triggering is primary extremely
Three are shot less, increase the range of choice of subsequent successful photo with this；
Step 2, whether after a period of time, checking has successful photo in infrared camera, ensures the fixed position of infrared camera at this time not
Become, so-called successful photo refers to that clear display is in the wild animal shoulder and forelimb of stance, and positioning can be found out in photo
The photo of wild animal forelimb standing place object of reference in photo；
When checking the photo in infrared camera, external display device is connected on infrared camera by connecting line, and in outside
Photographed wild animal photo is checked in display equipment, ensures that no change has taken place for the fixed position of infrared camera with this.
To guarantee the clear of successful photo, the photo for not using rainy day or greasy weather to shoot as far as possible is wild in photo to guarantee
Animal edge contour is without diplopia.
Wild animal long axis of body should be vertical in successful photo, shoulder do not have it is sagging, to increase measurement accuracy.
Wild animal shoulder is located at photo center in successful photo, and excludes wild animal and be too near to or far from camera
Photo.
When thering are multiple to adhere to the successful photo of different triggering shootings separately in infrared camera, two adjacent successful photos of selection it
Between triggering shooting interval be greater than 30 minutes, what is shot to avoid selected two or multiple successful photos is same wild dynamic
Object individual (the same wild animal may be always movable before infrared camera in a period of time).
Step 3 finds out wild animal forelimb standing place in photo by the object of reference on selected successful photo, and
Measuring rod is erect in the position, and infrared camera takes pictures to measuring rod；
Successful photo and corresponding measuring rod photo after fetching infrared camera, are superimposed by step 4 using Photoshop software
Together, in the intersection of measuring rod and animal shoulder, animal shoulder height is read according to measuring rod scale.
Using Photoshop Eraser Tool by the independent Overlapping display of measuring rod on successful photo.Reading is estimated in order to reduce
When subjective error the reading of insufficient minimum scale value is measured with ImageJ2x software.Gained shoulder height value rounds up
To integer.
If same animal individual obtains more than one successful photo, then with every photo institute in same primary triggering shooting
The average value of shoulder height is surveyed to represent the final shoulder height of wild animal individual.
It lays more infrared cameras simultaneously in wild animal zone of action, and repeats to walk in each infrared camera installation point
Rapid one to four process, until obtained shoulder height data Normal Distribution, finally establishes the lively species group shoulder of whole region infield
High property data base.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of wild animal population shoulder height measurement method based on infrared camera, which is characterized in that realized by following steps
:
Step 1 installs an infrared camera in ground even and open Open-air sites, and infrared sensor is produced by wild animal
Raw infrared signal is triggered and is taken pictures to wild animal；
Step 2, whether after a period of time, checking has successful photo in infrared camera, ensures the fixed position of infrared camera at this time not
Become, so-called successful photo refers to that clear display is in the wild animal shoulder and forelimb of stance, and positioning can be found out in photo
The photo of wild animal forelimb standing place object of reference in photo；
Step 3 finds out wild animal forelimb standing place in photo, and in the position by the object of reference on selected successful photo
Setting measuring rod is set, infrared camera takes pictures to measuring rod；
Successful photo and corresponding measuring rod photo after fetching infrared camera, are superimposed by step 4 using Photoshop software
Together, in the intersection of measuring rod and wild animal shoulder, which is read according to measuring rod scale.
2. the wild animal population shoulder height measurement method according to claim 1 based on infrared camera, which is characterized in that will
Infrared camera is set as automatic continuous shooting state, and triggering is primary at least to shoot three.
3. the wild animal population shoulder height measurement method according to claim 1 or 2 based on infrared camera, feature exist
In when checking the photo in infrared camera, connecting external display device on infrared camera by connecting line, and aobvious in outside
Show and checks photographed wild animal photo in equipment.
4. the wild animal population shoulder height measurement method according to claim 1 or 2 based on infrared camera, feature exist
In wild animal long axis of body is vertical in successful photo, and shoulder is not sagging.
5. the wild animal population shoulder height measurement method according to claim 4 based on infrared camera, which is characterized in that at
Wild animal shoulder is located at photo center in function photo.
6. the wild animal population shoulder height measurement method according to claim 5 based on infrared camera, which is characterized in that at
Function photo excludes the photo of the too close or separate camera of wild animal.
7. the wild animal population shoulder height measurement method according to claim 2 based on infrared camera, which is characterized in that red
When having multiple to adhere to the successful photo of different triggering shootings separately in outer camera, the triggering between two adjacent successful photos of selection is clapped
Time interval is taken the photograph greater than 30 minutes.
8. the wild animal population shoulder height measurement method according to claim 1 or 2 based on infrared camera, feature exist
In, with the Eraser Tool of Photoshop software by the independent Overlapping display of measuring rod on successful photo；For insufficient minimum quarter
The reading of angle value is measured with ImageJ2x software.
9. the wild animal population shoulder height measurement method according to claim 2 or 7 based on infrared camera, feature exist
In if same animal individual obtains more than one successful photo, then with the surveyed shoulder height of every photo in same primary triggering shooting
Average value represent the final shoulder height of wild animal individual.
10. the wild animal population shoulder height measurement method according to claim 1 or 2 based on infrared camera, feature exist
In laying more infrared cameras simultaneously in wild animal zone of action, and repeat step 1 in each infrared camera installation point
To four process, until obtained shoulder height data Normal Distribution, it is special finally to establish the lively species group shoulder height of whole region infield
Levy database.
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| US10048516B2 (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2018-08-14 | Perfect Vision Technology (Hk) Ltd. | Methods and systems for measuring human faces and eyeglass frames |
| CN108739490A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-11-06 | 北京国电高科科技有限公司 | A kind of wild animal tracking and monitoring system and method |
| CN109101547A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-12-28 | 北京泛化智能科技有限公司 | Management method and device for wild animal |
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2019
- 2019-01-22 CN CN201910056385.6A patent/CN109770908A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10048516B2 (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2018-08-14 | Perfect Vision Technology (Hk) Ltd. | Methods and systems for measuring human faces and eyeglass frames |
| CN108739490A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-11-06 | 北京国电高科科技有限公司 | A kind of wild animal tracking and monitoring system and method |
| CN109101547A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-12-28 | 北京泛化智能科技有限公司 | Management method and device for wild animal |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 崔绍朋: "阿尔泰山野生动物多样性及赛加羚羊重引入对策", 《万方数据库》 * |
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Application publication date: 20190521 |