CN109765774B - Holographic display device and driving method thereof - Google Patents
Holographic display device and driving method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a holographic display device and a driving method of the holographic display device. The holographic display device includes: the display panel comprises a first substrate and a second substrate which are arranged oppositely, a pixel unit arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, and microfluidic lenses which are arranged on the light-emitting side of the pixel unit and correspond to the pixel unit one by one; the microfluidic lens is used for adjusting the focal length of the microfluidic lens by controlling the shape of the conductive liquid drop in the microfluidic lens; and the phase modulation module is used for performing phase modulation on the image reaching the phase modulation module and then performing holographic display. The embodiment of the invention solves the problem that chromatic aberration exists in the color holographic display obtained by final superposition due to different RGB wavelengths and different focal lengths of the lens to RGB in the conventional holographic display technology.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to, but not limited to, the field of holographic display technologies, and more particularly, to a holographic display device and a driving method of the holographic display device.
Background
With the development of display technology and the widespread use of display devices, holographic display technology is gradually applied to three-dimensional (3Dimensions, abbreviated as: 3D) display.
Color holographic displays require the reconstruction of images recorded at different wavelengths (i.e., different colors), and the resulting reconstructed images must be accurately superimposed to obtain a correct color display. However, in the existing color holographic display technology, chromatic aberration is caused by different wavelengths of different pixels, and in practical application, the lens has different focal lengths for light with three primary colors, namely Red, Green and Blue (Red, Green and Blue, abbreviated as RGB), so that RGB cannot be accurately focused together, and thus chromatic aberration occurs in the color holographic display obtained by final superposition.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a holographic display device and a driving method of the holographic display device, so as to solve the problem that chromatic aberration exists in a color holographic display obtained by final superposition due to different RGB wavelengths and different focal lengths of a lens to RGB in the conventional holographic display technology.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a holographic display device, including: display panel with set up in the phase modulation module of display panel light-emitting side, wherein, display panel includes: the optical filter comprises a first substrate, a second substrate, a pixel unit and a micro-fluid lens, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are arranged opposite to each other, the pixel unit is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, and the micro-fluid lens is arranged on the light emitting side of the pixel unit and corresponds to the pixel unit one by one;
the microfluidic lens is used for adjusting the focal length of the microfluidic lens by controlling the shape of the conductive liquid drop in the microfluidic lens;
and the phase modulation module is used for performing phase modulation on the image reaching the phase modulation module and then performing holographic display.
Optionally, in the holographic display device as described above, the microfluidic lens comprises: the first electrode, the conductive liquid drop, the waterproof layer, the hydrophobic layer and the second electrode are sequentially arranged on one side, close to the second substrate, of the pixel unit.
Optionally, the holographic display device as described above further includes: a processing module connected to the microfluidic lens;
the processing module is used for applying voltage to the first electrode and the second electrode of the microfluidic lens and changing the height, the contact angle and the curvature radius of the conductive liquid drop so as to adjust the focal length of the microfluidic lens.
Optionally, the holographic display device as described above further includes: a pixel array layer disposed between the first substrate and the pixel unit;
the first electrode of the micro-fluid lens is a common electrode of a Thin Film Transistor (TFT) in the pixel array layer, and an insulating layer is arranged between the first electrode and the conductive liquid drops.
Optionally, in the holographic display device as described above, the processing module is further connected to the TFT in the pixel array layer and the phase modulation module;
the processing module is further configured to send color information and luminance information of the holographic image to be displayed to the TFT in the pixel array layer, so that the TFT controls the corresponding pixel unit to emit light;
the processing module is further configured to send phase information of a holographic image to be displayed to the phase modulation module, so that the phase modulation module performs phase modulation on the image according to the phase information and performs holographic display.
Optionally, in the holographic display device as described above, the display panel is an organic electroluminescent display OLED panel, and the pixel unit is a light emitting unit disposed between the corresponding microfluidic lens and the pixel array layer.
Optionally, in the holographic display device described above, the display panel is a liquid crystal display LCD panel, the pixel unit includes a liquid crystal layer and a filtering unit disposed between the corresponding microfluidic lens and the pixel array layer, and the holographic display device further includes a backlight disposed on a side surface of the first substrate or on a side of the first substrate away from the pixel array layer.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a driving method of a holographic display device, where the driving method is executed by the holographic display device described in any of the above, and the driving method includes:
the focal length of the microfluidic lens is adjusted by controlling the shape of the conductive liquid drops in the microfluidic lens, so that light rays emitted by the pixel unit pass through the corresponding microfluidic lens and then reach the phase modulation module;
and performing holographic display after performing phase modulation on the image reaching the phase modulation module.
Optionally, in the method for driving a holographic display device as described above, the microfluidic lens includes a first electrode, the conductive droplet, and a second electrode, and the adjusting a focal length of the microfluidic lens includes:
applying a voltage to the first electrode and the second electrode of the microfluidic lens to change the height, contact angle, and radius of curvature of the conductive droplet to adjust the focal length of the microfluidic lens.
Optionally, in the method for driving a holographic display device, the holographic display device further includes a pixel array layer, and the method further includes:
sending color information and brightness information of a holographic image to be displayed to a Thin Film Transistor (TFT) in the pixel array layer, so that the TFT controls a corresponding pixel unit to emit light;
and sending the phase information of the holographic image to be displayed to the phase modulation module, so that the phase modulation module performs phase modulation on the image according to the phase information and then performs holographic display.
Optionally, in the driving method of the holographic display device, the phase modulation module stores optical path information of light beams emitted by red, green, and blue RGB pixel units in each pixel reaching a reconstruction plane, and performs holographic display after performing phase modulation on the image according to the phase information, where the method includes:
and the phase modulation module performs phase modulation on the image according to the phase information and the stored optical path information and performs holographic display.
Embodiments of the present invention further provide a computer-readable storage medium, where executable instructions are stored, and when executed by a processor, the computer-readable storage medium may implement the method for driving a holographic display device according to any of the above descriptions.
The holographic display device comprises a display panel and a phase modulation module arranged on the light-emitting side of the display panel, wherein the display panel comprises a first substrate and a second substrate which are arranged opposite to each other, a pixel unit arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, and microfluidic lenses which are arranged on the light-emitting side of the pixel unit and are in one-to-one correspondence with the pixel unit, the focal length of the microfluidic lenses can be adjusted by controlling the shapes of conductive liquid drops in the microfluidic lenses, and the phase adjustment module can perform holographic display after performing phase modulation on images reaching the phase adjustment module. The holographic display device provided by the invention adopts the performance that the microfluidic lens has the focal length adjustability, and can accurately superpose holographic images formed by different pixel units, such as RGB (red, green and blue) three colors, so that the problem of chromatic aberration in the conventional holographic display is improved or even eliminated. In addition, the performance of adjusting the focal length of the microfluidic lens in the embodiment of the invention is adopted, when images recorded by a plurality of pixel units (namely RGB) are superposed, the polarization of light rays emitted by the pixel units does not need to be considered, so that the microfluidic lens is adopted as an important structure for reconstructing images in the holographic display device, the loss of light intensity is not caused, the holographic display device can be ensured to have higher display brightness, and the electric energy is saved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the example serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a lens for producing different focal lengths for different wavelengths of light;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a holographic display effect in the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a holographic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another holographic display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a holographic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a holographic display device according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of a microfluidic lens in a holographic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a holographic display device according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a flowchart of a driving method of a holographic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a flowchart of another driving method of a holographic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict.
In the conventional color holographic display technology, pixels of RGB primary colors are taken as an example to illustrate, and an image recorded in one pixel (including RGB) needs to be reconstructed, however, a lens generates different focal lengths for light with different wavelengths (i.e., RGB), and the longer the wavelength is, the larger the focal length is. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a principle that a lens generates different focal lengths for Light with different wavelengths, and fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a holographic display effect in the prior art, where fig. 1 and fig. 2 both illustrate a set of RGB as an example, it can be seen in fig. 1 that, because a wavelength of red Light is the largest and a focal length is the largest, when an image recorded by RGB is reconstructed by using the lens based on the difference in focal lengths generated by the lens for RGB, Light of RGB passes through a Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) and then irradiates onto the same lens, and a reconstruction plane where the image of RGB is irradiated by the lens, it can be seen that it is difficult to accurately superimpose images (a set of RGB) within one pixel to obtain a correct color holographic display image, thereby generating chromatic aberration.
The following specific embodiments of the present invention may be combined, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described in detail in some embodiments.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a holographic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The holographic display device 10 provided by the present embodiment may include: display panel 100 and phase modulation module 200 disposed on the light emitting side of display panel 100, wherein display panel 100 includes: the liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate 110 and a second substrate 120 arranged opposite to each other, a pixel unit 130 arranged between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120, and a micro-fluid lens 140 arranged on a light emitting side of the pixel unit 130 and corresponding to the pixel unit 130.
In the above structure of the embodiment of the present invention, the micro-fluid lens 140 is configured to adjust the focal length of the micro-fluid lens 140 by controlling the shape of the conductive liquid drop 142 in the micro-fluid lens 140;
and the phase modulation module 200 is configured to perform phase modulation on the image reaching the phase modulation module and perform holographic display.
The holographic Display device 10 provided in the embodiment of the present invention is a Display device capable of implementing holographic 3D Display, and a Display panel in the holographic Display device 10 may be an Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) panel, a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) panel, or other types of Display panels. The holographic display device 10 shown in fig. 3 takes the first substrate 110 as a lower substrate, the second substrate 120 as an upper substrate, the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 can be transparent substrates, the light-emitting side of the pixel unit 130 is the side facing the second substrate 120, i.e., the micro-fluidic lens 140 is positioned between the pixel unit 130 and the second substrate 120, and only three pixel units 130 of different colors (RGB) are illustrated in fig. 3, based on the conventional structure of the display panel 100, a black matrix 131 is further disposed between adjacent pixel units 130, the black matrix 131 is used to separate the pixel units 130, a pixel array layer 150 is further disposed on a side of the first substrate 110 close to the pixel units 130, the peripheries of the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 are encapsulated by a sealant (not shown in fig. 3), the Thin Film Transistor (TFT) in the pixel array layer 150 is used to control the corresponding pixel unit 130 to emit light.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the number of the microfluidic lenses 140 is the same as that of the pixel units 130, and the microfluidic lenses 140 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, that is, one microfluidic lens 140 is arranged on the light exit side of each pixel unit 130, and in a positional relationship, the microfluidic lens 140 overlaps the corresponding pixel unit 130 in the orthographic projection area of the plane where the pixel unit 130 is located, the microfluidic lens 140 in the embodiment of the present invention is a core function device for reducing the chromatic aberration problem in the holographic display device 10, because the microfluidic lens 140 has an adjustable focal length different from the lens with a fixed focal length in the conventional holographic display technology, in the holographic display technology, when images recorded by different pixel units 130 (for example, a red pixel unit 130, a green pixel unit 130, and a blue pixel unit 130) to be reconstructed and superimposed, the shapes of the conductive droplets 142 in the microfluidic lens 140 corresponding to different pixel units 130 (that is RGB) can be adjusted, allowing accurate superimposition of the images recorded by the several pixel cells 130 (i.e., RGB).
It should be noted that fig. 3 schematically shows a structure of the microfluidic lens 140 corresponding to the pixel unit 130, an internal space of the microfluidic lens 140 may be filled with a conductive droplet 142 and water, the conductive droplet 142 has a deformation capability and also has a lens function in the entire microfluidic lens 140, a shape of the conductive droplet 142 determines parameters such as a curvature radius and a focal length of the lens, a space other than the conductive droplet 142 in the microfluidic lens 140 is filled with water, and when the shape of the conductive droplet 142 changes, the water in contact with the conductive droplet 142 always fills the remaining space other than the conductive droplet 142 in the microfluidic lens 140 due to fluidity. In one implementation, adjacent microfluidic lenses 140 are separated by a light blocking material, such as the structure shown in FIG. 3; in another implementation, as shown in FIG. 4, which is a schematic structural diagram of another holographic display device provided by the embodiments of the invention, FIG. 4 shows that adjacent microfluidic lenses 140 can share filled water and other structures by using a light blocking material to isolate only between adjacent conductive droplets 142.
In the embodiment of the present invention, a phase modulation module 200 corresponds to each pixel unit 130, the phase modulation module 200 shown in fig. 3 is disposed on a side of the second substrate 120 away from the microfluidic lens 140, that is, outside the entire display panel 100, and can receive images emitted by the pixel units 130 and subjected to chromatic aberration calibration by the microfluidic lens 140, the images reaching the phase modulation module 200 only have color and brightness information, that is, two-dimensional images, and the phase modulation module 200 performs phase modulation on each pixel (that is, the image formed by each pixel unit 130) in the two-dimensional images to form holographic images, so that holographic display can be achieved.
It should be noted that the phase modulation module 200 in the embodiment of the present invention is, for example, a spatial light modulator, and can change the optical phase to implement holographic display; the phase modulation module 200 may perform phase modulation according to a known phase map (i.e., phase information of each sub-pixel in an image to be displayed), that is, the phase modulation of each pixel may be different, and the phase information may be pre-stored in the phase modulation module 200, or may be sent to the phase modulation module 200 by the processor of the holographic display device 10 in real time; for example, the holographic display device 10 stores a phase map of each frame of the holographic image to be displayed (i.e. phase information of each sub-pixel in the image to be displayed) in the phase modulation module 200 through an internal memory, and the phase modulation module 200 performs phase modulation on the image of each sub-pixel in the current frame according to the pre-stored phase map in the display process of each frame. In addition, the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific structure of the phase modulation module 200, and for example, the phase modulation may be performed on the pixels of the hologram to be displayed by using the deflection of the liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal module, the deflection direction of the liquid crystal is different, the phase change is different, or the phase modulation may be performed by using other structures.
Compared with the solid lens in the existing holographic display technology, the microfluidic lens 140 in the embodiment of the present invention is very flexible, the focal length of the microfluidic lens 140 can be changed by adjusting the shape of the conductive liquid drop in the microfluidic lens 140, the microfluidic lens 140 adopts an electrowetting (electrowetting) technology, and electrowetting refers to changing the wettability of the conductive liquid drop on the solid surface by applying an electric field, that is, changing a contact angle, so that the conductive liquid drop is deformed and displaced. The following embodiments of the present invention are illustrated by taking R, G, B as an example of the pixel units 130 in the display panel 100, where each R/G/B is a pixel unit 130, and the light-emitting side of each pixel unit 130 has one-to-one micro-fluid lens 140 corresponding to it, that is, the focal length of each micro-fluid lens 140 can be adjusted according to the wavelength of the light emitted by its corresponding pixel unit 130 and the requirement of the reconstructed image, so that when the holographic display device 10 reconstructs an image, the images recorded by different wavelengths (i.e. different colors, such as RGB) can be precisely superimposed to obtain the correct color holographic display effect through the converging effect of the micro-fluid lens 140 with the set focal length. As shown in fig. 5, in order to schematically illustrate the principle of image reconstruction by using the holographic display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, R, G and B in the figure indicate the combination structure of the pixel unit 130 of the corresponding color and the corresponding micro-fluidic lens 140, it can be seen that one pixel shown in fig. 4 includes R, G, B three sub-pixels (i.e., the pixel unit 130 of R, G, B three colors), and light rays emitted by R, G, B three pixel units 130 in one pixel are reconstructed to the same region of the reconstruction plane after being converged by the micro-fluidic lens 140, that is, holographic images formed by three colors of RGB are precisely superimposed together, so as to reduce or even eliminate chromatic aberration in the existing color holographic display.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the microfluidic lens 140 is used to improve the chromatic aberration problem in the color holographic display technology, and the holographic display device 10 can be implemented by using a conventional photolithography process and an evaporation process, or can be implemented by using a 3D printing/3D printing process.
The holographic display device 10 provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a display panel 100 and a phase modulation module 200 disposed on the light emitting side of the display panel 100, wherein the display panel 100 includes a first substrate 110 and a second substrate 120 disposed opposite to each other, a pixel unit 130 disposed between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120, and a microfluidic lens 140 disposed on the light emitting side of the pixel unit 130 and corresponding to the pixel unit 130 one by one, the focal length of the microfluidic lens 140 can be adjusted by controlling the shape of the conductive liquid droplet 142 in the microfluidic lens 140, and the phase modulation module 200 can perform phase modulation on an image reaching the phase modulation module 200 to perform holographic display. The holographic display device 10 provided by the invention adopts the property that the microfluidic lens 140 has adjustable focal length, and can precisely superpose holographic images formed by different pixel units 130, such as RGB (red, green and blue) three colors, thereby improving or even eliminating the problem of chromatic aberration in the conventional holographic display.
Generally, light emitted from a backlight or a self-luminous OLED of a display device is unpolarized light, and light emitted from the pixel unit 130 in the embodiment of the present invention is also unpolarized light. In addition, the micro-fluid lenses 140 in the embodiment of the present invention have no polarization selectivity to the passing light, that is, if a certain micro-fluid lens 140 is adjusted to have a certain focal length, the focusing effect on the monochromatic light in any polarization direction is the same. Therefore, by adopting the focal length adjustable performance of the micro-fluid lens 140 in the embodiment of the present invention, when images recorded by a plurality of pixel units 130 (i.e. RGB) are superimposed, the polarization of light emitted by the pixel units 130 does not need to be considered, and therefore, by adopting the micro-fluid lens 140 as an important structure for reconstructing an image in the holographic display device 10, the loss of light intensity is not caused, the holographic display device 10 can be ensured to have higher display brightness, and the power saving is facilitated.
Optionally, fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another holographic display device provided in the embodiment of the present invention. On the basis of the structure of the holographic display device 10 provided in the above embodiment, in the embodiment of the present invention, the microfluidic lens 140 includes: the first electrode 141, the conductive liquid drop 142, the water-blocking layer 143, the hydrophobic layer 144, and the second electrode 145 are sequentially disposed on one side of the pixel unit 130 close to the second substrate 120, and the frame sealing adhesive 160 is illustrated in fig. 6.
The structure of the micro-fluidic lens 140 according to the embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 6, the first electrode 141 is a lower electrode of the conductive droplet 142, the second electrode 145 is an upper electrode of the conductive droplet 142, and the shape of the conductive droplet 142 in the micro-fluidic lens 140 is adjustable, i.e. the size of the focal length of the micro-fluidic lens 140 is determined by the shape of the conductive droplet 142.
It should be noted that, the isolation column 146 is provided between the conductive droplets 142 of adjacent microfluidic lenses 140, a plurality of microfluidic lenses 140 may have a common first electrode 141, a water-blocking layer 143, and a hydrophobic layer 144, and between different microfluidic lenses 140, the conductive droplets 142 and the second electrode 145 are independent structures. In addition, the plurality of micro fluid lenses 140 may have independent first electrodes 141, and each micro fluid lens 140 may be independently controlled when a voltage is applied. The embodiment shown in fig. 6 is illustrated by using a common first electrode 141 for a plurality of microfluidic lenses 140.
In practical applications, the conductive droplets in the microfluidic lens 140 may be conductive ink, the water-blocking layer 143 may be deionized water, and the isolation pillars 146, that is, Pixel walls (Pixel walls), are used to separate adjacent microfluidic lenses 140, because the conductive droplets 142 are structures in the microfluidic lens 140 that play a key role in the focal length, the shape of the conductive droplets 142 determines the size of the focal length of the microfluidic lens 140, and therefore, the isolation pillars 146 are actually used to separate the conductive droplets 142 in the adjacent microfluidic lenses 140.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes: a processing module (not shown in fig. 6) connected to the microfluidic lens 140;
the processing module is used for applying voltage to the first electrode 141 and the second electrode 145 of the microfluidic lens 140 to change the height, the contact angle and the curvature radius of the conductive liquid drop 142.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the means for controlling the shape of the conductive liquid droplet 142 in the microfluidic lens 140 may be a Processing module, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU) of the holographic display device 10. In a possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of micro-fluidic lenses 140 employ a common first electrode 141, the processing module may apply a reference voltage to the first electrode 141 shared by the plurality of micro-fluidic lenses 140, where the reference voltage is constant, and apply independent voltages to the second electrodes 145 of different micro-fluidic lenses 140 to control the shapes of the conductive droplets 142 in different micro-fluidic lenses 140; in a possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the independent first electrodes 141 are used for different microfluidic lenses 140, and the processing module may apply voltages to the first electrodes 141 and the second electrodes 145 of different microfluidic lenses 140, respectively, so as to control the shapes of the conductive droplets in the different microfluidic lenses. In the embodiment of the present invention, the voltage of the electrodes at the two ends of the micro-fluidic lens 140 is changed to change the wettability of the conductive liquid droplet 142 on the solid surface, that is, the contact angle of the conductive liquid droplet 142 is changed, as shown in fig. 7, which is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a micro-fluidic lens in the holographic display device provided in the embodiment of the present invention, it can be seen that the voltage applied between the first electrode 141 and the second electrode 145 is gradually increased, the contact angle of the conductive liquid droplet 142 is gradually decreased, the contact area with the solid interface is gradually increased, the height of the conductive liquid droplet 142 is decreased, and the radius of curvature of the vertex of the conductive liquid droplet 142 is increased along with the increase of the applied voltage, so that the purpose of zooming can be achieved.
It should be noted that fig. 6 only schematically shows the film layer relationship of the conductive liquid droplet 142 in the overall structure of the microfluidic lens 140. In practical applications, by controlling the volume of the conductive droplet 142, the action of the force exerted by the electric field formed by the upper and lower electrodes, and the influence of the surface tension of the conductive droplet 142, the shape of which is generally hemispherical, and is similar to the shape of a semi-convex lens, refer to the shape of the conductive droplet 142 in fig. 7, the deionized water fills the space inside the microfluidic lens 140 except the conductive droplet 142, that is, the space inside the microfluidic lens 140 is filled with the conductive droplet 142 and the deionized water, although the shape of the conductive droplet 142 changes with the applied voltage, the flowing deionized water also changes accordingly, that is, the deionized water always contacts the conductive droplet 142 and fills the remaining space of the microfluidic lens 140 except the conductive droplet 142.
As described in the foregoing embodiment, the holographic display device provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes the pixel array layer 150 for controlling the pixel unit 130 to emit light, and the pixel array layer 150 is located between the first substrate 110 and the pixel unit 130.
Optionally, fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another holographic display device provided in the embodiment of the present invention. Based on the structure of the holographic display device 10 shown in fig. 6, in the holographic display device 10 provided by the embodiment of the present invention, a common first electrode 141 is used for a plurality of microfluidic lenses 140, the first electrode 141 of the microfluidic lenses 140 is a common electrode of the TFT151 in the pixel array layer 150, an insulating layer 147 is disposed between the first electrode 141 and the conductive droplet 142, the insulating layer 147 can protect the first electrode 141 and planarize, and a voltage applied to the first electrode 141 and the second electrode 145 can generate an electric field, thereby controlling the shape of the conductive droplet 142; in addition, in one pixel (including R, G, B three pixel cells 130) shown in fig. 8, a common electrode (i.e., the first electrode 141) is connected to the drain of one TFT141 for controlling light emission of the pixel.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the number of electrode layers in the holographic display device 10 may be reduced by using the microfluidic lens 140 and the pixel array layer 150 to share electrodes, where the shared electrode is the first electrode 141 of the microfluidic lens 140 and the common electrode in the pixel array layer 150, and since the common electrode in the pixel array layer 150 may be a constant voltage, and the first electrode 141 shared by a plurality of microfluidic lenses 140 may also be set to be a constant voltage, the electrode layers that may be set to be constant voltages in the above two structures may be shared.
In practical applications, the pixel array layer 150 may include a gate electrode 151, a first insulating layer 152, a source (or drain) 153, an active layer 154, a second insulating layer 155, and a via hole 156, in which one gate electrode 151 and the source 153 and the drain 153 at both sides thereof are three pins of one TFT, the first insulating layer 152 and the second insulating layer 155 may be silicon nitride (SiNx), the active layer 154 may be amorphous silicon (a-Si), the via hole 156 may be Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), the via hole 156 serves to connect the drain 153 of the TFT with the common electrode (i.e., the first electrode 141) or the drain 153 of the TFT with the corresponding pixel unit 130, as shown in fig. 8, a TFT for applying a reference voltage to the common electrode (the leftmost TFT in fig. 8), the drain 153 thereof is connected to the common electrode through the via hole 156, the reference voltage provided by the common electrode is common to all three pixel cells 130, and among the TFTs (the three TFTs on the right side of fig. 8) for controlling R, G, B the three pixel cells 130 to emit light, the drain 153 of each TFT is connected to the corresponding pixel cell 130 and is connected to the other electrode (not shown in fig. 8) of the pixel cell 130, and the sources 153 of the TFTs are connected to a driving circuit board, such as a processing module connected to the circuit board, and all voltages are provided through the processing module. It should be noted that the source and the drain of the TFT may be interchanged, and one electrode connected to the driving circuit board is generally defined as the source, and one electrode connected to the pixel unit 130 or the common electrode is generally defined as the drain.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the processing module is further connected to the TFT in the pixel array layer 150 and the phase modulation module 200 (the processing module is not shown in fig. 8).
The processing module in the embodiment of the present invention is further configured to send color information and luminance information of the holographic image to be displayed to the TFT in the pixel array layer 150, so that the TFT controls the corresponding pixel unit 130 to emit light;
the processing module is further configured to send phase information of the holographic image to be displayed to the phase modulation module 200, so that the phase modulation module 200 performs phase modulation on the image according to the received phase information and performs holographic display.
As shown in fig. 8, the holographic display device 10, in which R, G, B three-color pixel units 130 are illustrated in the display panel 100, the holographic display device 10 operates according to the following principle: the processing module transmits color information and brightness information of a holographic image to be displayed to an electrode (for example, a source electrode 153) of a TFT controlling light emission of the pixel unit 130 in an electrical signal manner, light emitted by the pixel unit 130 passes through the corresponding microfluidic lens 140, and has adjustability based on a focal length of the microfluidic lens 140, light emitted by R, G, B three pixel units 130 first passes through the corresponding microfluidic lens 140 to form a convergence effect corresponding to the focal length of the lens, and then passes through the phase modulation module 200 to modulate a phase of the light, the light is superimposed on a reconstruction plane under a convergence effect of the microfluidic lens 140, and an image formed by superimposing R, G, B three light paths is a holographic image after phase modulation. It should be noted that, based on the converging effect of the focal length of the microfluidic lens 140 on the light, after the light emitted by the R, G, B three pixel units 130 passes through the corresponding microfluidic lens 140, the R, G, B three paths of light are converged on the reconstruction plane as shown in fig. 5 instead of being converged on the phase modulation module 200, and therefore, the phase modulation module 200 performs phase modulation on the R, G, B three paths of light respectively. In the above process, the focal length of the microfluidic lens 140 changes with the voltage applied to the two electrodes, so that the holographic images formed by R, G, B three light paths are precisely superimposed together, thereby reducing or even eliminating chromatic aberration in the prior art of color holographic display.
It should be noted that, referring to the principle of image reconstruction shown in fig. 5, in one pixel, the focal lengths of the microfluidic lenses 140 corresponding to R, G, B three pixel units 130 are different, and the convergence effects of the R, G, B three paths of light rays are different, so that the optical paths of the R, G, B three paths of light rays emitted by R, G, B three pixel units 130 reaching the reconstruction plane are also different after passing through the corresponding microfluidic lenses 140, the R, G, B three paths of light rays have optical path differences, that is, the three paths of light rays themselves have phase differences, when the phase modulation module 200 performs phase modulation on the R, G, B three paths of light rays, the phase differences of the three paths of light rays themselves can be considered, that is, when the phase modulation module 200 performs phase modulation on the image phase, the received phase information and the phase differences of the R, G, B three paths of light rays are combined. In practical applications, one of the sub-pixels (e.g., R ray) is used as a reference, the R ray is modulated by a phase value in the phase information, the G ray and the B ray calculate a phase difference with the R ray, and the phase difference is supplemented to the modulation phase value of the corresponding sub-pixel for phase modulation.
The display panel in the embodiment of the present invention described in the above embodiment may be an OLED panel, or may be an LCD panel. The implementation of the holographic display 10 is illustrated below in different types of panels:
in a possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the display panel 100 is an OLED panel, the pixel unit 130 is a light emitting unit disposed between the corresponding microfluidic lens 140 and the pixel array layer 150, and since the OLED panel is a self-light emitting type and the light emitting unit is a self-light emitting light source therein, fig. 3, 4, 6 and 8 in the embodiment of the present invention are illustrated by taking the OLED panel as an example;
in another possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the display panel 100 is an LCD panel, and the pixel unit 130 includes a liquid crystal layer and a filtering unit disposed between the corresponding microfluidic lens 140 and the pixel array layer 150, in this implementation manner, the holographic display device 10 further includes a backlight source and upper and lower polarizing plates, the backlight source is disposed on a side surface of the first substrate 110 or on a side of the first substrate 110 far away from the pixel array layer 150, the upper and lower polarizing plates are disposed on outer sides of the upper and lower substrates (for example, the first substrate 110 is a lower substrate, and the upper substrate of the second substrate 120) in a one-to-one correspondence, which is illustrated in fig. 6, the lower polarizing plate is disposed on a side of the first substrate 110 far away from the pixel array layer 150, and the upper polarizing plate is disposed between the second substrate 120 and the phase modulation module 200.
The holographic display device 10 provided by the embodiment of the invention combines the electrowetting technology, optimizes the chromatic aberration problem in the existing color holographic display technology on the physical structure, and is beneficial to improving the display quality and improving the viewing experience of a user. In addition, in the holographic display device 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the phase modulation module 200 is integrated outside the display panel 100, the light emitted from the pixel unit 130 passes through the micro-fluid lens 140 for chromatic aberration calibration, and the phase modulation module 200 for phase modulation, and in the structure of the holographic display device 10, the phase modulation module 200 is integrated outside the display panel 100 as an independent device, and has an independent circuit control system, so that the implementation in the process is easier.
Based on the holographic display device 10 provided in the above embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a driving method of a holographic display device, where the driving method of the holographic display device is executed by the holographic display device provided in any of the above embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 9, which is a flowchart of the driving method of the holographic display device provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and the driving method includes the following steps:
s310, adjusting the focal length of the microfluidic lens by controlling the shape of the conductive liquid drops in the microfluidic lens, so that light rays emitted by the pixel unit pass through the corresponding microfluidic lens and then reach the phase modulation module;
and S320, performing phase modulation on the image reaching the phase modulation module and then performing holographic display.
The driving method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is executed by the holographic display device 10 in any one of the implementations shown in fig. 3 to fig. 8, and the specific structure of the holographic display device 10, wherein the functions implemented by each device and each film layer have been described in detail in the foregoing embodiments, and therefore, are not described herein again. The driving method in the embodiment of the invention has the following requirements on the holographic display device: the focal length of the lens disposed on the light-emitting side of the pixel unit is required to be adjustable, so that the focal length of the microfluidic lens can be adjusted by controlling the shape of the conductive liquid drops in the microfluidic lens. Because the prior holographic display technology adopts the solid lens with fixed focal length and the lens can generate different focal lengths for light with different wavelengths, when an image recorded by different wavelengths (namely different colors) is reconstructed in color holographic display, due to different focal lengths of the light with different wavelengths, reconstructed images are difficult to be accurately superposed to obtain a correct color holographic display effect; in the embodiment of the invention, an electrowetting technology is combined into the lens, the selected microfluidic lens is a core function device for reducing the chromatic aberration problem in the holographic display device, and by utilizing the characteristic that the microfluidic lens has focal length variability, in the holographic display technology, when images recorded by different pixel units (for example R, G, B pixel units) which need to be reconstructed and superposed are aimed at, the forms of conductive liquid drops in the microfluidic lens corresponding to the different pixel units can be adjusted, namely the focal lengths of the microfluidic lenses are adjusted, so that the reconstructed images of the pixel units are accurately superposed together, and the chromatic aberration in the existing color holographic display is reduced or even eliminated.
In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, the phase modulation module may receive an image which is sent by the pixel unit and subjected to chromatic aberration calibration by the microfluidic lens, the image which reaches the phase modulation module only has color and brightness information, that is, a two-dimensional image, and the phase modulation module performs phase modulation on each pixel (that is, an image formed by each pixel unit) in the two-dimensional image to form a holographic image, so that holographic display may be implemented.
Compared with the solid lens in the prior holographic display technology, the microfluidic lens in the embodiment of the invention is very flexible, the focal length of the microfluidic lens can be changed by adjusting the shape of the conductive liquid drop in the microfluidic lens, the microfluidic lens adopts an electrowetting technology, and electrowetting refers to changing the wettability of the conductive liquid drop on the solid surface, namely changing a contact angle, so that the conductive liquid drop generates phenomena such as deformation, displacement and the like by externally adding an electric field. In the following embodiments of the present invention, each of the pixel units in the display panel is exemplified by R, G, B, each R/G/B is a pixel unit, and the light-emitting side of each pixel unit has a micro-fluid lens corresponding to the light-emitting side of the pixel unit, that is, the focal length of each micro-fluid lens can be adjusted according to the wavelength of the light emitted by the corresponding pixel unit and the requirement of the reconstruction pattern, so that when the holographic display device reconstructs an image, the convergence effect of the micro-fluid lenses with set focal lengths of the images recorded by different wavelengths (i.e., different colors, such as RGB) can be accurately superposed to obtain the correct color holographic display effect. Referring to the principle of image reconstruction shown in fig. 5, it can be seen that light rays emitted from different pixel units (e.g., one R, one G, and one B) are reconstructed to the same region of a reconstruction plane, i.e., holographic images formed by three colors of RGB are precisely superimposed together, thereby reducing or even eliminating chromatic aberration in the conventional color holographic display.
The driving method of the holographic display device provided by the embodiment of the invention is implemented by adopting the holographic display device in any one of the embodiments, the focal length of the microfluidic lens can be adjusted by controlling the shape of the conductive liquid drops in the microfluidic lens, and the phase adjustment module can perform holographic display after performing phase modulation on the image reaching the phase adjustment module. The driving method of the holographic display device provided by the invention adopts the property that the microfluidic lens has adjustable focal length, and can accurately superpose holographic images formed by different pixel units, such as RGB (red, green and blue) three colors together, thereby improving and even eliminating the problem of chromatic aberration in the conventional holographic display.
Alternatively, in the driving method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the main structure of the microfluidic lens may include a first electrode, a conductive liquid drop and a second electrode, and the specific structure of the microfluidic lens may refer to the holographic display device shown in fig. 6 and 8, where the arrangement manner of the first electrode and the second electrode has been described in detail in the above embodiment, that is, a plurality of microfluidic lenses may have a common first electrode, or a plurality of microfluidic lenses 140 may also have independent first electrodes, the arrangement manner of the first electrodes is different, and the manner of applying the voltage is different.
In the driving method provided in the embodiment of the present invention, adjusting the focal length of the microfluidic lens, that is, the implementation manner of S310, may include:
and applying voltage to the first electrode and the second electrode of the microfluidic lens to change the height, the contact angle and the curvature radius of the conductive liquid drop so as to adjust the focal length of the microfluidic lens.
In a possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of micro-fluidic lenses use a common first electrode, a reference voltage may be applied to the common first electrode of the plurality of micro-fluidic lenses, the reference voltage is constant, and independent voltages are applied to the second electrodes of different micro-fluidic lenses to control the shapes of the conductive droplets in the different micro-fluidic lenses; in a possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, different microfluidic lenses use independent first electrodes, and voltages can be applied to the first electrodes and the second electrodes of the different microfluidic lenses, so as to control the shapes of the conductive droplets in the different microfluidic lenses. In the embodiment of the invention, the voltage of the electrodes at the two ends of the micro-fluid lens is changed, the wettability of the conductive liquid drop on the solid surface is changed, namely the contact angle of the conductive liquid drop is changed, referring to the working principle of the micro-fluid lens shown in fig. 7, it can be seen that the voltage applied between the first electrode and the second electrode is gradually increased, the contact angle of the conductive liquid drop is gradually reduced, the contact area with the solid interface is gradually increased, the height of the conductive liquid drop is reduced, and the curvature radius of the vertex of the conductive liquid drop is increased along with the increase of the applied voltage, so that the purpose of zooming can be achieved.
As described in the foregoing embodiments, the holographic display device provided by the embodiments of the present invention includes a pixel array layer for controlling light emission of the pixel unit, and the pixel array layer is located between the first substrate and the pixel unit.
Optionally, when the plurality of microfluidic lenses employ a common first electrode, the common electrode of the TFT in the pixel array layer in the embodiment of the present invention may share the first electrode in the microfluidic lens, and the specific structure is described in detail in the embodiment shown in fig. 8, and therefore, the detailed description is omitted here. Fig. 10 is a flowchart of another driving method for a holographic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and based on the flowchart shown in fig. 9, the driving method according to the embodiment of the present invention may further include:
s300, sending color information and brightness information of the holographic image to be displayed to a TFT in a pixel array layer, so that the TFT controls a corresponding pixel unit to emit light;
before S320, the embodiment of the present invention may further include:
s311, sending the phase information of the holographic image to be displayed to a phase modulation module;
correspondingly, the implementation manner of S320 in the embodiment of the present invention may include:
and the phase modulation module performs phase modulation on the image reaching the phase modulation module according to the received phase information and performs holographic display.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the holographic display device performs holographic display according to the following working principle: the color information and the brightness information of the holographic image to be displayed are transmitted to an electrode (such as a source electrode) of a TFT (thin film transistor) for controlling the pixel unit to emit light in an electric signal mode, light emitted by the pixel unit passes through a corresponding micro-fluid lens, the light has adjustability based on the focal length of the micro-fluid lens, the light of the RGB pixel unit is superposed together, and the phase of the light is modulated through a phase modulation module. In the above process, the focal length of the microfluidic lens is changed along with the change of the voltage applied to the two end electrodes, so that the R, G, B three-color formed holographic images are accurately superposed together, thereby reducing or even eliminating the chromatic aberration in the prior color holographic display technology.
Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, based on a hardware design of the holographic display device, a distance from light beams emitted by R, G, B three pixel units to a reconstruction plane in one pixel, that is, an optical path difference of R, G, B three light beams, may be known, and in order to achieve a high-performance holographic display effect, a phase difference of R, G, B three light beams in one pixel may be considered when the phase modulation module performs phase modulation, and the phase difference may be calculated through the optical path difference, so that the phase modulation module in the embodiment of the present invention may store information on optical paths from light beams emitted by RGB pixel units in each pixel to the reconstruction plane.
Correspondingly, the implementation manner of S320 in the embodiment of the present invention may include:
and the phase modulation module performs phase modulation on the image reaching the phase modulation module according to the received phase information and the stored optical path information and performs holographic display. In practical applications, one of the sub-pixels (e.g., R ray) is used as a reference, the R ray is modulated by a phase value in the phase information, the G ray and the B ray calculate a phase difference with the R ray, and the phase difference is supplemented to the modulation phase value of the corresponding sub-pixel for phase modulation.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the display panel of the holographic display device for implementing the driving method may be an OLED panel or an LCD panel, and the implementation of different types of display panels has been described in the above embodiments, and therefore, no further description is given here.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium stores executable instructions, and when the executable instructions are executed by a processor, the method for driving a holographic display device according to any of the above embodiments of the present invention may be implemented, and the method for driving a holographic display device according to the above embodiments of the present invention may be used to drive the holographic display device according to the above embodiments of the present invention to perform display, so as to implement a holographic display effect of the holographic display device. The implementation of the computer-readable storage medium provided in the embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the driving method of the holographic display device provided in the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, and details thereof are not repeated herein.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. A holographic display, comprising: display panel with set up in the phase modulation module of display panel light-emitting side, wherein, display panel includes: the light source comprises a first substrate, a second substrate, a pixel unit and a micro-fluid lens, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are arranged opposite to each other, and the pixel unit and the micro-fluid lens are arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate; the pixel units comprise red pixel units, green pixel units and blue pixel units;
the micro-fluid lens is used for adjusting the focal length of the micro-fluid lens by controlling the shape of a conductive liquid drop in the micro-fluid lens, so that light rays emitted by the red pixel unit, the green pixel unit and the blue pixel unit are reconstructed to the same area of a reconstruction plane after being converged by the micro-fluid lens, and images recorded by the red pixel unit, the green pixel unit and the blue pixel unit are accurately superposed;
the phase modulation module is used for performing phase modulation on the image reaching the phase modulation module and then performing holographic display;
the microfluidic lens includes: the first electrode, the conductive liquid drop, the waterproof layer, the hydrophobic layer and the second electrode are sequentially arranged on one side, close to the second substrate, of the pixel unit;
the plurality of microfluidic lenses share the first electrode, the water-resisting layer and the hydrophobic layer; between different micro-fluid lenses, the conductive liquid drop and the second electrode are independent structures;
the space inside the microfluidic lens except the conductive liquid drops is filled with water, when the shape of the conductive liquid drops changes, the water in contact with the conductive liquid drops is always filled in the rest spaces inside the microfluidic lens except the conductive liquid drops due to fluidity, adjacent conductive liquid drops are isolated by adopting a light-blocking material, and the adjacent microfluidic lenses share the filled water and other structures;
the holographic display device further includes: a pixel array layer disposed between the first substrate and the pixel unit; the first electrode of the micro-fluid lens is a common electrode of a Thin Film Transistor (TFT) in the pixel array layer; the pixel unit is a light emitting unit arranged between the corresponding microfluidic lens and the pixel array layer.
2. The holographic display of claim 1, further comprising: a processing module connected to the microfluidic lens;
the processing module is used for applying voltage to the first electrode and the second electrode of the microfluidic lens and changing the height, the contact angle and the curvature radius of the conductive liquid drop so as to adjust the focal length of the microfluidic lens.
3. The holographic display of claim 2, in which an insulating layer is disposed between the first electrode and the conductive droplet.
4. The holographic display of claim 3, in which the processing module is further connected with the TFTs in the pixel array layer and the phase modulation module;
the processing module is further configured to send color information and luminance information of the holographic image to be displayed to the TFT in the pixel array layer, so that the TFT controls the corresponding pixel unit to emit light;
the processing module is further configured to send phase information of a holographic image to be displayed to the phase modulation module, so that the phase modulation module performs phase modulation on the image according to the phase information and performs holographic display.
5. The holographic display of any of claims 1 to 4, in which the display panel is an organic electroluminescent display (OLED) panel.
6. The holographic display of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the display panel is a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) panel, the pixel unit comprises a liquid crystal layer and a filter unit disposed between the corresponding microfluidic lens and the pixel array layer, and the holographic display further comprises a backlight disposed at a side of the first substrate or at a side of the first substrate away from the pixel array layer.
7. A driving method of a holographic display device, characterized in that the driving method is performed by the holographic display device according to any of claims 1 to 6, the driving method comprising:
the focal length of the microfluidic lens is adjusted by controlling the shape of the conductive liquid drops in the microfluidic lens, so that light rays emitted by the red pixel unit, the green pixel unit and the blue pixel unit reach the phase modulation module after passing through the corresponding microfluidic lens;
and after the image reaching the phase modulation module is subjected to phase modulation, the image is reconstructed to the same area of a reconstruction plane for holographic display.
8. The method of driving the holographic display of claim 7, wherein the microfluidic lens includes a first electrode, the conductive droplet, and a second electrode, and the adjusting the focal length of the microfluidic lens comprises:
applying a voltage to the first electrode and the second electrode of the microfluidic lens to change the height, contact angle, and radius of curvature of the conductive droplet to adjust the focal length of the microfluidic lens.
9. The method of driving the holographic display of claim 7, further comprising a pixel array layer, the method further comprising:
sending color information and brightness information of a holographic image to be displayed to a Thin Film Transistor (TFT) in the pixel array layer, so that the TFT controls a corresponding pixel unit to emit light;
and sending the phase information of the holographic image to be displayed to the phase modulation module, so that the phase modulation module performs phase modulation on the image according to the phase information and then performs holographic display.
10. The driving method of the holographic display device according to claim 9, wherein the phase modulation module stores information of optical paths from the red, green, and blue RGB pixel units in each pixel to a reconstruction plane, and performs the holographic display after performing the phase modulation on the image according to the phase information, including:
and the phase modulation module performs phase modulation on the image according to the phase information and the stored optical path information and performs holographic display.
11. A computer-readable storage medium storing executable instructions that when executed by a processor may implement a method of driving a holographic display of any of claims 7 to 10.
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| CN110221416A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-10 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Zoom lens, Zooming method, terminal and computer readable storage medium |
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