CN109743345A - A kind of data sending, receiving method, device, server and client - Google Patents
A kind of data sending, receiving method, device, server and client Download PDFInfo
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- CN109743345A CN109743345A CN201811372142.5A CN201811372142A CN109743345A CN 109743345 A CN109743345 A CN 109743345A CN 201811372142 A CN201811372142 A CN 201811372142A CN 109743345 A CN109743345 A CN 109743345A
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of data sending, receiving method, device, server and clients, sending method includes: the status request comprising first state mark for receiving client and sending, wherein, first state mark is the status indicator for the service interface that client is locally stored, and status indicator is intended to indicate that the mark of the status information for the data that service interface provides;Judge whether to send the second status indicator to client, wherein the second status indicator is the last state mark of service interface;If so, the second status indicator is sent to client, if not, first state mark is sent to client, so that client determines whether to request service interface according to the status indicator received;When receiving request of the client for service interface, the data that service interface provides are sent to client by service interface.Using technical solution provided in an embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to reduce to the request amount of service interface, reduce the impact to service interface.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of computer technology, more particularly to a kind of data sending, receiving method, device, server
And client.
Background technique
The server of Internet application can provide service, client by service interface for the client of Internet application
The data that service interface offer can be provided by request service interface, to realize client to the data of Internet application
Access.When the data that service interface provides change, client needs to re-request the service interface to obtain the service
Data after the variation that interface provides.
In the prior art, client would generally interval request service interface at preset timed intervals, to be provided in service interface
Data change after get service interface offer variation after data.
However, inventor has found in the implementation of the present invention, at least there are the following problems for the prior art: due to service
Device resource is limited, if client is more to the request amount of service interface, the impact that may cause to service interface is larger, increases
Service not available probability.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention is designed to provide a kind of data sending, receiving method, device, server and client,
To reduce client to the request amount of service interface, to reduce the impact to service interface, reduces and service not available probability.
Specific technical solution is as follows:
In a first aspect, being applied to server, the method packet the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of data transmission method for uplink
It includes:
Receive the status request comprising first state mark that client is sent, wherein the first state mark is institute
The status indicator of the service interface for the server that client is locally stored is stated, the status indicator is intended to indicate that the clothes
The mark of the status information for the data that business interface provides;
Judge whether to send the second status indicator to the client, wherein second status indicator is the service
The last state of interface identifies;
If so, send second status indicator to the client, if not, sending described the to the client
One status indicator, so that the client determines whether to request the service interface according to the status indicator received;
When receiving the client and being directed to the request of the service interface, by the service interface to the client
End sends the data that the service interface provides.
It is optionally, described to judge whether to send the second status indicator to the client, comprising:
Judge whether to send the second status indicator to the client with predetermined probabilities;Or
According to the issuing time of the client whether in the first preset time period, judge whether to send out to the client
Send the second status indicator;Or
According to the device identification of equipment where the client, judge whether to send the second state mark to the client
Know.
Optionally, judge whether before the client the second status indicator of transmission described, further includes:
Judge whether the second status indicator is identical as the first state mark;
If identical, Xiang Suoshu client sends second status indicator;
If it is not the same, judging whether the step of sending the second status indicator to the client described in executing.
Optionally, the status request comprising first state mark for receiving client and sending, comprising:
Receive the status request comprising first state mark that client is sent to state interface, wherein the state connects
The status indicator of each service interface of the server is stored in mouthful;
It is described to send second status indicator to the client, comprising:
Second status indicator stored in the state interface is sent to the client by the state interface.
Optionally, judge whether before client transmission second status indicator described, further includes:
Judge current time whether in the second preset time period;
If not, sending the second status indicator to the client;
If judging whether the step of sending the second status indicator to the client described in execution.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of data receiver methods, are applied to client, the method packet
It includes:
When reaching specific opportunity, the status request identified comprising first state is sent to server, wherein described first
Status indicator is the status indicator of the service interface for the server that the client is locally stored, and the status indicator is to use
In the mark of the status information for the data for indicating the service interface offer;
Receive the status indicator that the server is sent according to judging result, wherein the judging result are as follows: the service
Device judge whether to the client send the second status indicator as a result, the judging result be when, the server
Second status indicator is sent to the client, when the judging result is no, the server is to the client
The first state mark is sent, second status indicator is that the last state of the service interface identifies;
The received status indicator of judgement institute identifies whether identical with the first state;
If it is not the same, requesting the service interface, and receive the institute that the server is fed back by the service interface
The data of service interface offer are provided.
It is optionally, described that the status request identified comprising first state is sent to server, comprising:
The status request identified comprising first state is sent to the state interface of server, wherein the state interface is used
In the status indicator for each service interface for storing the server;
Correspondingly, the status indicator for receiving the server and being sent according to judging result, comprising:
The server is received according to judging result and the status indicator that sends by the state interface.
The third aspect, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of data sending devices, are applied to server, described device packet
It includes:
Request reception unit, for receiving the status request comprising first state mark of client transmission, wherein described
First state mark is the status indicator of the service interface for the server that the client is locally stored, the status indicator
It is intended to indicate that the mark of the status information for the data that the service interface provides;
Judging unit is sent, sends the second status indicator to the client for judging whether, wherein second shape
State mark is the last state mark of the service interface;
First identifier transmission unit, for when it is described send judging unit judging result be when, Xiang Suoshu client
Second status indicator is sent, when the judging result for sending judging unit is no, described in the transmission of Xiang Suoshu client
First state mark, so that the client determines whether to request the service interface according to the status indicator received;
Data transmission unit, for when receive the client be directed to the service interface request when, by described
Service interface sends the data that the service interface provides to the client.
Optionally, the transmission judging unit, is specifically used for:
Judge whether to send the second status indicator to the client with predetermined probabilities;Or
According to the issuing time of the client whether in the first preset time period, judge whether to send out to the client
Send the second status indicator;Or
According to the device identification of equipment where the client, judge whether to send the second state mark to the client
Know.
Optionally, described device further include:
First identifier judging unit, for judging whether the second status indicator is identical as the first state mark;
Second identifier transmission unit, for when the judging result of the first identifier judging unit be when, to the visitor
Family end sends second status indicator;
Correspondingly, the transmission judging unit, is no specifically for the judging result when the first identifier judging unit
When, judge whether the step of sending the second status indicator to the client.
Optionally, the request reception unit, specifically for receive client is sent to state interface include the first shape
The status request of state mark, wherein the status indicator of each service interface of the server is stored in the state interface;
The first identifier transmission unit is specifically used for sending the state to the client by the state interface
Second status indicator stored in interface.
Optionally, described device further include:
Time judging unit, for judging current time whether in the second preset time period;
Third identifies transmission unit, for when the time judge single judging result for it is no when, Xiang Suoshu client is sent out
Send the second status indicator;
The transmission judging unit, specifically for when the time judging single judging result to be, judge whether to
The client sends the second status indicator.
Fourth aspect, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of data sinks, are applied to client, described device packet
It includes:
Request transmitting unit, for sending the state identified comprising first state to server when reaching specific opportunity
Request, wherein the first state mark is the state mark of the service interface for the server that the client is locally stored
Know, the status indicator is intended to indicate that the mark of the status information for the data that the service interface provides;
Identify receiving unit, the status indicator sent for receiving the server according to judging result, wherein described to sentence
Disconnected result are as follows: the server judges whether to the client the second status indicator of transmission as a result, in the judging result
When to be, the server sends second status indicator to the client, when the judging result is no, the clothes
Device be engaged in the client transmission first state mark, second status indicator is the last state of the service interface
Mark;
Second identifier judging unit, for judging, received status indicator identifies whether identical with the first state;
Data receipt unit, for requesting the service when the judging result of the second identifier judging unit is no
Interface, and receive the data that the server is provided by the service interface that the service interface is fed back.
Optionally, the request transmitting unit is specifically used for when reaching specific opportunity, sends out to the state interface of server
Send the status request comprising first state mark, wherein each service that the state interface is used to store the server connects
The status indicator of mouth;
Correspondingly, the mark receiving unit, receives the server according to judging result and by the state interface
The status indicator of transmission.
5th aspect, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of server, including processor, communication interface, memory and
Communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, the memory are completed each other by the communication bus
Communication;
The memory, for storing computer program;
The processor when for executing the program stored on memory, realizes any method of first aspect
Step.
6th aspect, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of client, including processor, communication interface, memory and
Communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, the memory are completed each other by the communication bus
Communication;
The memory, for storing computer program;
The processor when for executing the program stored on memory, realizes any institute of claim second aspect
The method and step stated.
7th aspect, it is described computer-readable to deposit the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of computer readable storage medium
Instruction is stored in storage media, when run on a computer, so that computer executes any of the above-described data and sends
Method.
Eighth aspect, it is described computer-readable to deposit the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of computer readable storage medium
Instruction is stored in storage media, when run on a computer, so that computer executes any of the above-described data receiver
Method.
9th aspect, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of computer program products comprising instruction, when it is being calculated
When being run on machine, so that computer executes any of the above-described data transmission method for uplink.
Tenth aspect, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of computer program products comprising instruction, when it is being calculated
When being run on machine, so that computer executes any of the above-described data receiver delivery method.
Data sending, receiving method, device, server and client provided in an embodiment of the present invention, since server connects
It is identified in the status request that the client received is sent comprising first state, and server is judged to send the second shape to client
When state identifies, the second status indicator just is sent to client, when server is judged not send the second status indicator to client
When, what is sent to client is first state mark.Again since first state mark is the server that client is locally stored
The status indicator of service interface, the second status indicator are the last state marks of service interface, and status indicator indicates that service connects again
Mouthful provide data status information, therefore when client receive be first state mark when, since client receives
Status indicator and the service interface being locally stored status indicator be it is identical, client think service interface provide number
According to not changing, does not send and request to the service interface, and then client can be reduced to the request amount of service interface, thus
Reduce the impact to service interface, reduces the not available probability of service.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described.
Fig. 1 is the first flow diagram of data transmission method for uplink provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is second of flow diagram of data transmission method for uplink provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the third flow diagram of data transmission method for uplink provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the 4th kind of flow diagram of data transmission method for uplink provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a kind of flow diagram of data receiver method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is another flow diagram of data receiver method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of data sending device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of data sink provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of server provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of client provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is described.
In order to reduce client to the request amount of service interface, to reduce the impact to service interface, service is reduced not
Available probability, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of data sending, receiving method, device, server and clients, pass through clothes
Be engaged in device according to judging result determine to client send the second status indicator or first state mark, allow client according to
The mark received determines whether that service interface sends request, reduces client to the request amount of service interface, to subtract
Lack the impact to service interface, reduces the not available probability of service
Data transmission method for uplink is provided for the embodiments of the invention first below to be introduced.
It should be noted that data transmission method for uplink provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to internet industry.
Data transmission method for uplink provided by the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, this method comprises the following steps:
S110: the status request comprising first state mark that client is sent is received.
Wherein, first state mark is the status indicator of the service interface for the server that client is locally stored, above-mentioned shape
State mark is intended to indicate that the mark of the status information for the data that service interface provides.
It is understood that the data that service interface provides change, i.e., the number of service corresponding with service interface
Changed according to the data in source.
In a kind of implementation of the invention, server can receive client and send out when reaching specific opportunity to server
The status request comprising first state mark sent.The specific opportunity can be with are as follows: client restarts, using reinstalling, reach
Prefixed time interval is switched to any one of foreground interface using from background interface, wherein above-mentioned application can be client
Middle installation, corresponding with service interface application.
In a kind of implementation of the invention, whether server can change determining clothes according to the data that service interface provides
The status indicator of business interface.Specifically, whether the data that server may determine that service interface provides change, if it happens
The status indicator of service interface is determined as the mark of any state before changing with the data that the service interface provides by variation
Different marks.For example, the status indicator of the service interface is " 1 " before the data that service interface provides change, if
The data that server judges that the service interface provides change, then the status indicator of the service interface are determined as " 2 ",
After the status indicator of the service interface is determined as " 2 ", if server judges again the data hair that the service interface provides
The status indicator of the service interface then can be determined as " 3 " by changing.Those skilled in the art can set according to the actual situation
The concrete form of the status indicator of service interface is set, the embodiment of the present invention does not limit specifically.
Optionally, the status indicator of the service interface for the server that client is locally stored can be client and request
The status indicator of the service interface updated when the service interface.Specifically, the service for the server that client is locally stored connects
Mouthful status indicator can be with are as follows: when the client last time requests above-mentioned service interface, obtain and be stored in local above-mentioned service
The status indicator or client of interface request to obtain when above-mentioned service interface before receiving the status indicator that server is sent
Take and be stored in the status indicator of local above-mentioned service interface.In embodiments of the present invention, client can be in local hard drive
The status indicator of the upper above-mentioned service interface of storage, can also cache the status indicator of above-mentioned service interface in local memory.
S120: judge whether to send the second status indicator to client.
Wherein, the second status indicator is the last state mark of service interface.
In one embodiment, server can judge whether to send the second state mark to client with predetermined probabilities
Know.The predetermined probabilities can be any probability less than 1, for example, the predetermined probabilities can be any probability in 0.2~0.8.
Specifically, whether server can send the second state mark to client with 0.6 probabilistic determination when predetermined probabilities are 0.6
Know, in this way, the probability that server is judged to send the second status indicator to client is 0.6, judges not send to client
The probability of second status indicator is 0.4.Judge whether to send the second status indicator to client with predetermined probabilities, can it is simple,
Quickly determine whether to client send the second status indicator.
In another embodiment, whether server can also be according to the issuing time of client in the first preset time
In section, judge whether to send the second status indicator to client, correspondingly, can also include the publication of client in status request
Time.Specifically, determining to send out to client when server judges that the issuing time of client is in the first preset time period
Send the second status indicator.Above-mentioned first preset time period can be the period for being less than preset duration away from current time, above-mentioned pre-
If duration for example can be any duration in 1 day~10 days, any duration being also possible in 2 hours~24 hours, ability
Other durations can also be arranged as preset duration in field technique personnel according to the actual situation, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit specifically.
Above-mentioned issuing time can be the time of the corresponding application of client installation service interface.Present embodiment is according to the hair of client
The cloth time judges whether to send the second status indicator to client, can send for greater flexibility to the different client of issuing time
Second status indicator, so as to so that the different client of issuing time received is different data that service interface provides,
Send data more flexible.When the first preset time period is to be less than the period of preset duration away from current time, can make most
The client closely issued receives the data after the variation of service interface offer more in time, and the user's body of new user can be improved
It tests.
In other modes, server can also judge whether according to the device identification of equipment where client to client
End sends the second status indicator, correspondingly, can also include the device identification of equipment where client in status request.It is above-mentioned to set
Standby mark can be international mobile equipment identification number (International Mobile Equipment Identity, abbreviation
IMEI), any one of hardware address (Media Access Control, abbreviation MAC), be also possible to other for mark set
Standby device identification.For example, server can judge whether according to the tail number of the device identification of equipment where client to client
End sends the second status indicator, specifically, server can be to the tail number of the device identification of equipment where client odd number or
The client of even number sends the second status indicator.According to the device identification of equipment can quickly judge whether to client send out
The second status indicator is sent, to improve data transmission speed.
S130: if the judging result of step S120 be it is yes, above-mentioned second status indicator is sent to client, if step
The judging result of S120 be it is no, above-mentioned first state mark is sent to client, so that client is according to the state mark received
Knowledge determines whether to request above-mentioned service interface.
Specifically, server sends the status indicator of service interface to client, such client is receiving server
After the status indicator of transmission, it can be determined that the received status indicator of institute identifies whether identical with first state;If it is not the same, asking
After asking above-mentioned service interface, above-mentioned service interface to receive request, to client feedback data provided by it, and then client
Receive the data that server is provided by the service interface that above-mentioned service interface is fed back.
S140: when receiving client and being directed to the request of above-mentioned service interface, by above-mentioned service interface to client
The data of service interface offer are provided.
Data transmission method for uplink provided in an embodiment of the present invention, since first state mark is the service that client is locally stored
The status indicator of the service interface of device, the second status indicator are the last state marks of service interface, therefore when client receives
To be first state mark when, the state mark of the status indicator received due to client and the service interface being locally stored
Knowledge be it is identical, client think service interface provide data do not change, not to the service interface send request, in turn
Client can be reduced to the request amount of service interface, to reduce the impact to service interface, it is unavailable to reduce service
Probability.
It, in one embodiment, can be with as shown in Fig. 2, before step S120 in order to improve the speed of data transmission
Include the following steps S150~S160:
S150: judge whether the second status indicator is identical as above-mentioned first state mark;
S160: if the judging result of step S150 be it is yes, to client send the second status indicator;
Correspondingly, if the judging result of step S150 be it is no, execute above-mentioned S120 and judge whether to send the to client
Two-state mark.
Wherein, the second status indicator in step S150 is the last state mark of above-mentioned service interface.
In the embodiment of the present invention when the second status indicator is identical as first state mark, illustrate the newest shape of service interface
The status indicator for the service interface that state mark is locally stored with client be it is identical, the data of service interface offer are provided
There is no variations, at this point it is possible to directly the second status indicator be sent to client, due to the second status indicator and first state
Identify it is identical, the status indicator that client receives with the status indicator being locally stored be it is identical, client will not request this
Service interface.Data can be reduced and send performed step, status indicator is sent to client more quickly, further increase
The speed that data are sent.
Management for the ease of server to the status indicator of each service interface, in one embodiment, such as Fig. 3 institute
Show, step S110 can be realized with S111 according to the following steps:
S111: the status request comprising first state mark that client is sent to state interface is received, wherein above-mentioned shape
The status indicator of each service interface of server is stored in state interface;
Correspondingly, step S130, can be realized with S131 according to the following steps:
S131: if the judging result of step S120 be it is yes, above-mentioned state is sent to client by above-mentioned state interface
The second status indicator stored in interface, if the judging result of step S120 be it is no, by above-mentioned state interface to client
Above-mentioned first state mark is sent, so that client determines whether to request above-mentioned service interface according to the status indicator received.
In the embodiment of the present invention, state interface is set in the server, and is stored with each of server in state interface
The status indicator of a service interface, when the client request state interface, the available status indicator to service interface, from
And client is allow more rapidly, efficiently to obtain the status indicator of each service interface, meanwhile, when server has multiple services
When interface, the management in a state interface to multiple service interface status indicators may be implemented, in this way, server of being more convenient for
Management to the status indicator of each service interface.
In one embodiment, as shown in figure 4, before step S120, can also include the following steps S170~
S180:
S170: judge current time whether in the second preset time period;
S180: if the judging result of step S170 be it is no, to client send the second status indicator;
Correspondingly, step S120 can be realized according to the following steps: if the judging result of step S170 be it is yes, judge whether
The second status indicator is sent to client.
Above-mentioned second preset time period can be determined according to peak period of the client to server access, for example, as visitor
To the peak period of server access in 19:00~22:00, the second preset time period can be 19:00~22:00 at family end,
Above-mentioned second preset time period can also be arranged in those skilled in the art according to the actual situation.
The embodiment of the present invention illustrates active client to server when current time is not in the second preset time period
Amount of access is lower, at this point it is possible to directly send the second status indicator to client, client is allow to get clothes more in time
Data after the variation that business interface provides.
Optionally, when the judging result that step S170 judges is is, server can further judge that above-mentioned service connects
Whether the requested frequency of mouth is higher than predeterminated frequency, if being higher than predeterminated frequency, carries out in above-mentioned state interface to request
Screening, and decide whether that the last state that this service interface is returned to client identifies according to the selection result, to reduce client
End is requested by service interface.It is above-mentioned screen and be realized by following any mode: screened with default random chance,
It is screened according to the corresponding device identification of client.Since the corresponding service of the requested lesser service interface of frequency is distributed
Server resource it is usually less, cause peak period be requested the lesser service interface of frequency it is corresponding service it is not available
Probability is larger.Therefore in peak period, low frequency service can be more targetedly reduced in this way because of the service of distribution
Not available probability is serviced caused by device resource is less.In addition, the data variation of the service interface offer due to low frequency service
The data variation frequency difference that frequency and the service interface of high frequency service provide is larger, and height can also be taken in small doses at short intervals through the above way
Business and low frequency service differentiation come, and different data transmission/reception strategies are used to high frequency service and low frequency service, to make to count
It is more flexible according to transmission/reception.
Corresponding with above-mentioned data transmission method for uplink, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of data receiver methods.
The data transmission method for uplink that the embodiment of the present invention also provides, be applied to client, as shown in figure 5, this method include with
Lower step:
S210: when reaching specific opportunity, the status request identified comprising first state is sent to server.
Wherein, first state mark is the status indicator of the service interface for the server that client is locally stored, above-mentioned shape
State mark is intended to indicate that the mark of the status information for the data that above-mentioned service interface provides.
In embodiments of the present invention, what client can be sent when reaching specific opportunity to server includes first state
The status request of mark.The specific opportunity can be with are as follows: client restarts, using reinstalling, reach prefixed time interval, application
Be switched to any one of foreground interface from background interface, wherein above-mentioned application can be it is being installed in client, connect with service
The corresponding application of mouth.
In embodiments of the present invention, whether server can change determining service interface according to the data that service interface provides
Status indicator.Specifically, whether the data that server may determine that service interface provides change, if there is a change,
The status indicator of service interface is determined as the mark of any state before changing with the data that the service interface provides not
Same mark.
Optionally, the status indicator of the service interface for the server that client is locally stored can be client and request
The status indicator of the service interface updated when the service interface.Specifically, the service for the server that client is locally stored connects
Mouthful status indicator can be with are as follows: when the client last time requests above-mentioned service interface, obtain and be stored in local above-mentioned service
The status indicator or client of interface request to obtain when above-mentioned service interface before receiving the status indicator that server is sent
Take and be stored in the status indicator of local above-mentioned service interface.In embodiments of the present invention, client can be in local hard drive
The status indicator of the upper above-mentioned service interface of storage, can also cache the status indicator of above-mentioned service interface in local memory.
S220: the status indicator that server is sent according to judging result is received.
Wherein, above-mentioned judging result are as follows: server judges whether to client the second status indicator of transmission as a result, upper
Stating judging result is when being, server sends second status indicator to client, when above-mentioned judging result is no, service
Device sends above-mentioned first state mark to client, and the second status indicator is that the last state of above-mentioned service interface identifies.
In embodiments of the present invention, above-mentioned judging result is specifically as follows: server is judged whether with predetermined probabilities to visitor
Family end sends the result of the second status indicator;Or server according to the issuing time of client whether in the first preset time period
Inside judge whether the result that the second status indicator is sent to client;Or server is also according to the equipment of equipment where client
Mark judges whether the result that the second status indicator is sent to client.
S230: the received status indicator of judgement institute identifies whether identical with above-mentioned first state.
S240: if the judging result of step S230 be it is no, request above-mentioned service interface, and receive server by above-mentioned
The data that the service interface of service interface feedback provides.
For example, the status indicator for the service interface that the first client is locally stored is " 1 ", i.e. the first shape of the first client
State mark is " 1 ", and the status indicator for the service interface that the second client is locally stored is " 2 ", i.e. the first of the second client
Status indicator is " 2 ", and the last state of the service interface of server is identified as " 3 ", i.e. the second status indicator is " 3 ", the first visitor
It is " 3 " that family end, which receives server according to the status indicator that judging result is sent, and the second client receives server and tied according to judgement
The status indicator that fruit sends is " 2 ", then, the first client judges out the received status indicator of institute and first state mark not
Together, the second client judges out that the received status indicator of institute is identical as first state mark, and the second client will not request this
Service interface.
Data receiver method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, since first state mark is the service that client is locally stored
The status indicator of the service interface of device, the second status indicator are the last state marks of service interface, therefore when client receives
To be first state mark when, the state mark of the status indicator received due to client and the service interface being locally stored
Knowledge be it is identical, client think service interface provide data do not change, not to the service interface send request, in turn
Client can be reduced to the request amount of service interface, to reduce the impact to service interface, it is unavailable to reduce service
Probability.
In one embodiment, above-mentioned data receiver method can be the following steps are included: if step S230's sentences
Disconnected result be it is no, by the status indicator of the service interface for the above-mentioned server that the client is locally stored be updated to it is received
Status indicator.The status indicator for the service interface being locally stored is updated to the received status indicator of institute by client, can be timely
The status indicator for updating the service interface that client is locally stored, reduces the quantity of invalidation request, further reduces to service
The occupancy of device resource.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, step S210 can be realized with S211 according to the following steps:
S211: when reaching specific opportunity, the state identified comprising first state is sent to the state interface of server and is asked
It asks, wherein status indicator of the above-mentioned state interface for each service interface of storage server;
Correspondingly, step S220 can be realized with S221 according to the following steps:
S221: server is received according to judging result and the status indicator that sends by above-mentioned state interface.
In the embodiment of the present invention, state interface is set in the server, and is stored with each of server in state interface
The status indicator of a service interface, when the client request state interface, the available status indicator to service interface, from
And client is allow more rapidly, efficiently to obtain the status indicator of each service interface, meanwhile, when server has multiple services
When interface, the management in a state interface to multiple service interface status indicators may be implemented, in this way, server of being more convenient for
Management to the status indicator of each service interface.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of data sending devices, are applied to server, as shown in fig. 7, the device can
To include:
Request reception unit 310 can be used for receiving the status request comprising first state mark of client transmission,
In, the first state mark is the status indicator of the service interface for the server that the client is locally stored, described
Status indicator is intended to indicate that the mark of the status information for the data that the service interface provides;
Judging unit 320 is sent, can be used for judging whether sending the second status indicator to the client, wherein institute
State the last state mark that the second status indicator is the service interface;
First identifier transmission unit 330 can be used for when the judging result for sending judging unit 320 is to be, to
The client sends second status indicator, when the judging result for sending judging unit 320 is no, to the visitor
Family end sends the first state mark, so that the client determines whether to request the clothes according to the status indicator received
Business interface;
Data transmission unit 340, can be used for when receive the client be directed to the service interface request when, lead to
It crosses the service interface and sends the data that the service interface provides to the client.
Data sending device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, since first state mark is the service that client is locally stored
The status indicator of the service interface of device, the second status indicator are the last state marks of service interface, therefore when client receives
To be the first state mark that server is sent when, the status indicator received due to client and the service being locally stored
The status indicator of interface be it is identical, client think service interface provide data do not change, not to the service interface
Request is sent, and then client can be reduced to the request amount of service interface, to reduce the impact to service interface, is reduced
Service not available probability.
In one embodiment, the transmission judging unit 320, specifically can be used for:
Judge whether to send the second status indicator to the client with predetermined probabilities;Or
According to the issuing time of the client whether in the first preset time period, judge whether to send out to the client
Send the second status indicator;Or
According to the device identification of equipment where the client, judge whether to send the second state mark to the client
Know.
In one embodiment, described device can also include:
First identifier judging unit, for judging whether the second status indicator is identical as the first state mark;
Second identifier transmission unit, for when the judging result of the first identifier judging unit be when, to the visitor
Family end sends second status indicator;
Correspondingly, the transmission judging unit 320, specifically can be used for the judgement knot when the first identifier judging unit
When fruit is no, judge whether the step of sending the second status indicator to the client.
In one embodiment, the request reception unit 310 specifically can be used for receiving client to state interface
The status request comprising first state mark sent, wherein each clothes of the server are stored in the state interface
The status indicator of business interface;
The first identifier transmission unit 330 specifically can be used for sending by the state interface to the client
Second status indicator stored in the state interface.
In one embodiment, described device can also include:
Time judging unit, for judging current time whether in the second preset time period;
Third identifies transmission unit, for when the time judge single judging result for it is no when, Xiang Suoshu client is sent out
Send the second status indicator;
The transmission judging unit 320 specifically can be used for the judgement when the time judging single judging result to be
Whether to the client send the second status indicator.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of data sinks, are applied to client, as shown in figure 8, described device
Include:
Request transmitting unit 410 can be used for when reaching specific opportunity, sends to server and identifies comprising first state
Status request, wherein first state mark is the state of the service interface for the server that client is locally stored
Mark, the status indicator are intended to indicate that the mark of the status information for the data that the service interface provides;
Receiving unit 420 is identified, can be used for receiving the status indicator that the server is sent according to judging result,
In, the judging result are as follows: the server judges whether to the client the second status indicator of transmission as a result, described
Judging result is when being, it is no in the judging result that the server, which sends second status indicator to the client,
When, the server sends the first state mark to the client, and second status indicator is the service interface
Last state mark;
Second identifier judging unit 430 can be used for judging that the received status indicator of institute is with first state mark
It is no identical;
Data receipt unit 440 can be used for asking when the judging result of the second identifier judging unit 430 is no
The service interface is sought, and receives the data that the server is provided by the service interface that the service interface is fed back.
Data sink provided in an embodiment of the present invention, since first state mark is the service that client is locally stored
The status indicator of the service interface of device, the second status indicator are the last state marks of service interface, therefore when client receives
To be first state mark when, the state mark of the status indicator received due to client and the service interface being locally stored
Knowledge be it is identical, client think service interface provide data do not change, not to the service interface send request, in turn
Client can be reduced to the request amount of service interface, to reduce the impact to service interface, it is unavailable to reduce service
Probability.
In one embodiment, the request transmitting unit 410 specifically can be used for when reaching specific opportunity, to
The state interface of server sends the status request comprising first state mark, wherein the state interface is described for storing
The status indicator of each service interface of server;
Correspondingly, the mark receiving unit 420, specifically can be used for receiving the server according to judging result, simultaneously
The status indicator sent by the state interface.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of servers, as shown in figure 9, including processor 501, communication interface 502, depositing
Reservoir 503 and communication bus 504, wherein processor 501, communication interface 502, memory 503 are completed by communication bus 504
Mutual communication,
Memory 503, for storing computer program;
Processor 501 when for executing the program stored on memory 503, realizes following steps:
Receive the status request comprising first state mark that client is sent, wherein the first state mark is institute
The status indicator of the service interface for the server that client is locally stored is stated, the status indicator is intended to indicate that the clothes
The mark of the status information for the data that business interface provides;
Judge whether to send the second status indicator to the client, wherein second status indicator is the service
The last state of interface identifies;
If so, send second status indicator to the client, if not, sending described the to the client
One status indicator, so that the client determines whether to request the service interface according to the status indicator received;
When receiving the client and being directed to the request of the service interface, by the service interface to the client
End sends the data that the service interface provides.
Server provided in an embodiment of the present invention, since first state mark is the clothes for the server that client is locally stored
The status indicator of business interface, the second status indicator are the last state marks of service interface, therefore when what client received is
When the first state mark that server is sent, the status indicator received due to client and the service interface being locally stored
Status indicator be it is identical, client think service interface provide data do not change, not to the service interface transmission ask
It asks, and then client can be reduced to the request amount of service interface, to reduce the impact to service interface, reduce service
Not available probability.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of clients, as shown in Figure 10, including processor 601, communication interface 602,
Memory 603 and communication bus 604, wherein processor 601, communication interface 602, memory 603 are complete by communication bus 604
At mutual communication,
Memory 603, for storing computer program;Processor 601, for executing the journey stored on memory 603
When sequence, following steps are realized:
When reaching specific opportunity, the status request identified comprising first state is sent to server, wherein described first
Status indicator is the status indicator of the service interface for the server that the client is locally stored, and the status indicator is to use
In the mark of the status information for the data for indicating the service interface offer;
Receive the status indicator that the server is sent according to judging result, wherein the judging result are as follows: the service
Device judge whether to the client send the second status indicator as a result, the judging result be when, the server
Second status indicator is sent to the client, when the judging result is no, the server is to the client
The first state mark is sent, second status indicator is that the last state of the service interface identifies;
The received status indicator of judgement institute identifies whether identical with the first state;If it is not the same, requesting the clothes
Business interface, and receive the data that the server is provided by the service interface that the service interface is fed back.
Client provided in an embodiment of the present invention is when what is received is first state mark, since first state mark is
The status indicator of the service interface for the server that client is locally stored, the second status indicator are the last state marks of service interface
Know, therefore the status indicator of the status indicator that receives of client and the service interface being locally stored is identical, client
The data for thinking that service interface provides do not change, do not send and request to the service interface, and then can reduce client pair
The request amount of service interface reduces the not available probability of service to reduce the impact to service interface.
The communication bus that above-mentioned server and client side mentions can be Peripheral Component Interconnect standard (Peripheral
Component Interconnect, PCI) bus or expanding the industrial standard structure (Extended Industry Standard
Architecture, EISA) bus etc..The communication bus can be divided into address bus, data/address bus, control bus etc..For just
It is only indicated with a thick line in expression, figure, it is not intended that an only bus or a type of bus.
Communication interface is for the communication between above-mentioned electronic equipment and other equipment.
Memory may include random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), also may include non-easy
The property lost memory (Non-Volatile Memory, NVM), for example, at least a magnetic disk storage.Optionally, memory may be used also
To be storage device that at least one is located remotely from aforementioned processor.
Above-mentioned processor can be general processor, including central processing unit (Central Processing Unit,
CPU), network processing unit (Network Processor, NP) etc.;It can also be digital signal processor (Digital Signal
Processing, DSP), it is specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), existing
It is field programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete
Door or transistor logic, discrete hardware components.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of computer readable storage medium, stored in the computer readable storage medium
There is instruction, when run on a computer, so that computer executes following methods step:
Receive the status request comprising first state mark that client is sent, wherein the first state mark is institute
The status indicator of the service interface for the server that client is locally stored is stated, the status indicator is intended to indicate that the clothes
The mark of the status information for the data that business interface provides;
Judge whether to send the second status indicator to the client, wherein second status indicator is the service
The last state of interface identifies;
If so, send second status indicator to the client, if not, sending described the to the client
One status indicator, so that the client determines whether to request the service interface according to the status indicator received;
When receiving the client and being directed to the request of the service interface, by the service interface to the client
End sends the data that the service interface provides.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of computer readable storage medium, stored in the computer readable storage medium
There is instruction, when run on a computer, so that computer executes following methods step:
When reaching specific opportunity, the status request identified comprising first state is sent to server, wherein described first
Status indicator is the status indicator of the service interface for the server that the client is locally stored, and the status indicator is to use
In the mark of the status information for the data for indicating the service interface offer;
Receive the status indicator that the server is sent according to judging result, wherein the judging result are as follows: the service
Device judge whether to the client send the second status indicator as a result, the judging result be when, the server
Second status indicator is sent to the client, when the judging result is no, the server is to the client
The first state mark is sent, second status indicator is that the last state of the service interface identifies;
The received status indicator of judgement institute identifies whether identical with the first state;If it is not the same, requesting the clothes
Business interface, and receive the data that the server is provided by the service interface that the service interface is fed back.
Storage medium provided in an embodiment of the present invention, since first state mark is the server that client is locally stored
The status indicator of service interface, the second status indicator are the last state mark of service interface, therefore received when client
When being the first state mark that server is sent, the status indicator received due to client and the service interface being locally stored
Status indicator be it is identical, client think service interface provide data do not change, not to the service interface send
Request, and then client can be reduced to the request amount of service interface, to reduce the impact to service interface, reduce clothes
It is engaged in not available probability.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of computer program products comprising instruction, when it runs on computers
When, so that computer executes following methods step:
Receive the status request comprising first state mark that client is sent, wherein the first state mark is institute
The status indicator of the service interface for the server that client is locally stored is stated, the status indicator is intended to indicate that the clothes
The mark of the status information for the data that business interface provides;
Judge whether to send the second status indicator to the client, wherein second status indicator is the service
The last state of interface identifies;
If so, send second status indicator to the client, if not, sending described the to the client
One status indicator, so that the client determines whether to request the service interface according to the status indicator received;
When receiving the client and being directed to the request of the service interface, by the service interface to the client
End sends the data that the service interface provides.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of computer program products comprising instruction, when it runs on computers
When, so that computer executes following methods step:
When reaching specific opportunity, the status request identified comprising first state is sent to server, wherein described first
Status indicator is the status indicator of the service interface for the server that the client is locally stored, and the status indicator is to use
In the mark of the status information for the data for indicating the service interface offer;
Receive the status indicator that the server is sent according to judging result, wherein the judging result are as follows: the service
Device judge whether to the client send the second status indicator as a result, the judging result be when, the server
Second status indicator is sent to the client, when the judging result is no, the server is to the client
The first state mark is sent, second status indicator is that the last state of the service interface identifies;
The received status indicator of judgement institute identifies whether identical with the first state;If it is not the same, requesting the clothes
Business interface, and receive the data that the server is provided by the service interface that the service interface is fed back.
Program product provided in an embodiment of the present invention, since first state mark is the server that client is locally stored
The status indicator of service interface, the second status indicator are the last state mark of service interface, therefore received when client
When being the first state mark that server is sent, the status indicator received due to client and the service interface being locally stored
Status indicator be it is identical, client think service interface provide data do not change, not to the service interface send
Request, and then client can be reduced to the request amount of service interface, to reduce the impact to service interface, reduce clothes
It is engaged in not available probability.
In the above-described embodiments, can come wholly or partly by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof real
It is existing.When implemented in software, it can entirely or partly realize in the form of a computer program product.The computer program
Product includes one or more computer instructions.When loading on computers and executing the computer program instructions, all or
It partly generates according to process or function described in the embodiment of the present invention.The computer can be general purpose computer, dedicated meter
Calculation machine, computer network or other programmable devices.The computer instruction can store in computer readable storage medium
In, or from a computer readable storage medium to the transmission of another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer
Instruction can pass through wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, number from a web-site, computer, server or data center
User's line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave etc.) mode to another web-site, computer, server or
Data center is transmitted.The computer readable storage medium can be any usable medium that computer can access or
It is comprising data storage devices such as one or more usable mediums integrated server, data centers.The usable medium can be with
It is magnetic medium, (for example, floppy disk, hard disk, tape), optical medium (for example, DVD) or semiconductor medium (such as solid state hard disk
Solid State Disk (SSD)) etc..
It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second and the like are used merely to a reality
Body or operation are distinguished with another entity or operation, are deposited without necessarily requiring or implying between these entities or operation
In any actual relationship or order or sequence.Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to
Non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements is not only wanted including those
Element, but also including other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, method, article or equipment
Intrinsic element.In the absence of more restrictions, the element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that
There is also other identical elements in process, method, article or equipment including the element.
Each embodiment in this specification is all made of relevant mode and describes, same and similar portion between each embodiment
Dividing may refer to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.Especially for device/
For server/customer end embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, so be described relatively simple, correlation
Place illustrates referring to the part of embodiment of the method.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so within the spirit and principles in the present invention, are all contained in protection scope of the present invention
It is interior.
Claims (16)
1. a kind of data transmission method for uplink, which is characterized in that be applied to server, which comprises
Receive the status request comprising first state mark that client is sent, wherein the first state mark is the visitor
The status indicator of the service interface for the server that family end is locally stored, the status indicator are intended to indicate that the service connects
The mark of the status information for the data that mouth provides;
Judge whether to send the second status indicator to the client, wherein second status indicator is the service interface
Last state mark;
If so, second status indicator is sent to the client, if not, sending first shape to the client
State mark, so that the client determines whether to request the service interface according to the status indicator received;
When receiving request of the client for the service interface, sent out by the service interface to the client
The data for sending the service interface to provide.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein described judge whether to send the second state to the client
Mark, comprising:
Judge whether to send the second status indicator to the client with predetermined probabilities;Or
According to the issuing time of the client whether in the first preset time period, judge whether to send the to the client
Two-state mark;Or
According to the device identification of equipment where the client, judge whether to send the second status indicator to the client.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein judging whether to send the second shape to the client described
Before state mark, further includes:
Judge whether the second status indicator is identical as the first state mark;
If identical, Xiang Suoshu client sends second status indicator;
If it is not the same, judging whether the step of sending the second status indicator to the client described in executing.
4. method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that it is described receive that client sends comprising the
The status request of one status indicator, comprising:
Receive the status request comprising first state mark that client is sent to state interface, wherein in the state interface
It is stored with the status indicator of each service interface of the server;
It is described to send second status indicator to the client, comprising:
Second status indicator stored in the state interface is sent to the client by the state interface.
5. method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that judge whether described to the client
Before sending second status indicator, further includes:
Judge current time whether in the second preset time period;
If not, sending the second status indicator to the client;
If judging whether the step of sending the second status indicator to the client described in execution.
6. a kind of data receiver method, which is characterized in that be applied to client, which comprises
When reaching specific opportunity, the status request identified comprising first state is sent to server, wherein the first state
Mark is the status indicator of the service interface for the server that the client is locally stored, and the status indicator is for table
Show the mark of the status information for the data that the service interface provides;
Receive the status indicator that the server is sent according to judging result, wherein the judging result are as follows: the server is sentenced
It is disconnected whether to the client send the second status indicator as a result, when the judging result, which is, is, the server is to institute
It states client and sends second status indicator, when the judging result is no, the server is sent to the client
The first state mark, second status indicator are that the last state of the service interface identifies;
The received status indicator of judgement institute identifies whether identical with the first state;
If it is not the same, requesting the service interface, and receive the clothes that the server is fed back by the service interface
The data that business interface provides.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described send the shape identified comprising first state to server
State request, comprising:
The status request identified comprising first state is sent to the state interface of server, wherein the state interface is for depositing
Store up the status indicator of each service interface of the server;
Correspondingly, the status indicator for receiving the server and being sent according to judging result, comprising:
The server is received according to judging result and the status indicator that sends by the state interface.
8. a kind of data sending device, which is characterized in that be applied to server, described device includes:
Request reception unit, for receiving the status request comprising first state mark of client transmission, wherein described first
Status indicator is the status indicator of the service interface for the server that the client is locally stored, and the status indicator is to use
In the mark of the status information for the data for indicating the service interface offer;
Judging unit is sent, sends the second status indicator to the client for judging whether, wherein the second state mark
Knowledge is the last state mark of the service interface;
First identifier transmission unit, for when the judging result for sending judging unit is to be, Xiang Suoshu client to be sent
Second status indicator, when the judging result for sending judging unit is no, Xiang Suoshu client sends described first
Status indicator, so that the client determines whether to request the service interface according to the status indicator received;
Data transmission unit, for passing through the service when receiving request of the client for the service interface
Interface sends the data that the service interface provides to the client.
9. device according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the transmission judging unit is specifically used for:
Judge whether to send the second status indicator to the client with predetermined probabilities;Or
According to the issuing time of the client whether in the first preset time period, judge whether to send the to the client
Two-state mark;Or
According to the device identification of equipment where the client, judge whether to send the second status indicator to the client.
10. device according to claim 8, which is characterized in that described device further include:
First identifier judging unit, for judging whether the second status indicator is identical as the first state mark;
Second identifier transmission unit, for when the judging result of the first identifier judging unit be when, Xiang Suoshu client
Send second status indicator;
Correspondingly, the transmission judging unit, specifically for sentencing when the judging result of the first identifier judging unit is no
Disconnected the step of whether sending the second status indicator to the client.
11. according to the described in any item devices of claim 8 to 10, which is characterized in that the request reception unit is specifically used for
Receive the status request comprising first state mark that client is sent to state interface, wherein storage in the state interface
There is the status indicator of each service interface of the server;
The first identifier transmission unit is specifically used for sending the state interface to the client by the state interface
Second status indicator of interior storage.
12. according to the described in any item devices of claim 8 to 10, which is characterized in that described device further include:
Time judging unit, for judging current time whether in the second preset time period;
Third identifies transmission unit, for when the time judge single judging result for it is no when, Xiang Suoshu client transmission the
Two-state mark;
The transmission judging unit, specifically for judging whether to described when the time judging single judging result to be
Client sends the second status indicator.
13. a kind of data sink, which is characterized in that be applied to client, described device includes:
Request transmitting unit, for sending the status request identified comprising first state to server when reaching specific opportunity,
Wherein, the first state mark is the status indicator of the service interface for the server that the client is locally stored, institute
State the mark of the status information for the data that status indicator is intended to indicate that the service interface provides;
Identify receiving unit, the status indicator sent for receiving the server according to judging result, wherein the judgement knot
Fruit are as follows: the server judges whether to the client the second status indicator of transmission as a result, being yes in the judging result
When, the server sends second status indicator to the client, when the judging result is no, the server
The first state mark is sent to the client, second status indicator is the last state mark of the service interface
Know;
Second identifier judging unit, for judging, received status indicator identifies whether identical with the first state;
Data receipt unit, for requesting the service interface when the judging result of the second identifier judging unit is no,
And receive the data that the server is provided by the service interface that the service interface is fed back.
14. device according to claim 13, which is characterized in that the request transmitting unit is specifically used for special when reaching
When timing machine, the status request identified comprising first state is sent to the state interface of server, wherein the state interface is used
In the status indicator for each service interface for storing the server;
Correspondingly, the mark receiving unit, receives the server and sends according to judging result and by the state interface
Status indicator.
15. a kind of server, which is characterized in that including processor, communication interface, memory and communication bus, wherein the place
Reason device, the communication interface, the memory complete mutual communication by the communication bus;
The memory, for storing computer program;
The processor when for executing the program stored on memory, realizes any method step of claim 1-5
Suddenly.
16. a kind of client, which is characterized in that including processor, communication interface, memory and communication bus, wherein the place
Reason device, the communication interface, the memory complete mutual communication by the communication bus;
The memory, for storing computer program;
The processor when for executing the program stored on memory, realizes any method step of claim 6-7
Suddenly.
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CN101656652A (en) * | 2008-08-21 | 2010-02-24 | 中国移动通信集团公司 | Content synchronization method, equipment and system for dynamic content delivery |
CN105100132A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2015-11-25 | 北京奇虎科技有限公司 | Terminal device and terminal device identification method and system |
CN105187475A (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-12-23 | 深圳市金蝶友商电子商务服务有限公司 | Method and system for data synchronization |
CN107634975A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2018-01-26 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A kind of method of data synchronization, equipment and system |
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CN101656652A (en) * | 2008-08-21 | 2010-02-24 | 中国移动通信集团公司 | Content synchronization method, equipment and system for dynamic content delivery |
CN105100132A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2015-11-25 | 北京奇虎科技有限公司 | Terminal device and terminal device identification method and system |
CN105187475A (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-12-23 | 深圳市金蝶友商电子商务服务有限公司 | Method and system for data synchronization |
CN107634975A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2018-01-26 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A kind of method of data synchronization, equipment and system |
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