CN109739437A - A method of based on cloud platform Linux virtual machine dilatation root partition - Google Patents
A method of based on cloud platform Linux virtual machine dilatation root partition Download PDFInfo
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- CN109739437A CN109739437A CN201811555009.3A CN201811555009A CN109739437A CN 109739437 A CN109739437 A CN 109739437A CN 201811555009 A CN201811555009 A CN 201811555009A CN 109739437 A CN109739437 A CN 109739437A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to field of cloud computer technology, especially a kind of method based on cloud platform Linux virtual machine dilatation root partition.Method of the present invention includes the following steps: 1, virtual machine system disk dilatation；2, the partition table of guiding system disk；3, the root partition of partition table and the beginning sector of each subregion are changed and always fans number；4, modified system disk partition table is imported；5, restart virtual machine；6, expand root partition file system.The present invention does not need then to rebuild subregion progress root partition dilatation by each subregion of deletion system disk；If partition table modification is incorrect, the risk of loss of data will not be led to because of subregion is accidentally deleted.
Description
Technical field
It is especially a kind of based on cloud platform Linux virtual machine dilatation root partition the present invention relates to field of cloud computer technology
Method.
Background technique
With the continuous development of client traffic, it is not enough that virtual machine system disk is frequently resulted in using the rapid growth of data,
It is frequently necessary to carry out dilatation to the system disk of virtual machine.However after the system disk of Linux virtual machine increases space, can't be
System root partition uses.It is empty using newly-increased disk if root partition is LVM subregion when the root partition deficiency of system
Between increase newly a subregion, remerge lvm volumes where root partition.If root partition is not LVM subregion, newly-increased magnetic is utilized
Disk space increases a subregion newly and formats, then the data copy of former catalogue is come out, and copies to newly-increased subregion, then newly-increased
Subregion be mounted to former catalogue.
In the case where the root partition of virtual machine is not LVM subregion, if the data occupied space of multiple catalogues is got over simultaneously
Come it is bigger, need to each catalogue carry out data copy, the new subregion of independent carry, then original file copy to originally
Catalogue.If virtual machine does not distribute extension subregion when filling system, default most 4 main partitions, can not realize increase newly it is multiple
Subregion.
When the root partition of virtual machine is not LVM subregion, it is more time-consuming that the prior art needs to copy data, inflexible,
It is complicated for operation, and copy risk of the data there are loss of data.
When some schemes are for non-LVM subregion dilatation, each subregion is directly deleted, does not save partition table number subsequently temporarily
According to, then program and district again, finally save subregion.When the partition table finally saved is incorrect, there is the risk for losing data.
Summary of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that being to provide a kind of side based on cloud platform Linux virtual machine dilatation root partition
Method does not need then to rebuild subregion progress root partition dilatation by each subregion of deletion system disk；If partition table is modified not
Correctly, the risk of loss of data will not be led to because of subregion is accidentally deleted.
The technical solution that the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem is:
The method includes the following steps:
Step 1: virtual machine system disk dilatation；
Step 2: the partition table of guiding system disk；
Step 3: changing the root partition of partition table and the beginning sector of each subregion and always fan number；
Step 4: importing modified system disk partition table；
Step 5: restarting virtual machine；
Step 6: expanding root partition file system.
The partition table of the step 2 refers to that number is fanned with total in the beginning sector for being stored in hard disk for defining data, is that master draws
A part in sector is led, in total 64 bytes；
The master boot sector, i.e. MBR are 0 cylinder, 0 magnetic head, first 1 sectors of hard disk, in total 512 bytes；It is
Code to be run after bios Power-On Self-Test, master boot sector include three parts:
(1) Bootloader, main bootstrap program --- 446 bytes；
(2) Dpt, hard disk partition table --- 64 bytes；
(3) sector ending mark -- 2 bytes；
It is exported using order dd if=/dev/sda of=dpt.bak bs=1skip=446count=64.
In the step 3,
When root partition is the last one subregion, total fan number of root partition in regeneration block table is only needed；Wherein, root partition
Total fan number that total fan number is equal to system disk subtracts the beginning sector of root partition；
When root partition is not the last one subregion, and when without extension subregion, following specific steps are executed:
A, in regeneration block table root partition total fan number, at this point, root partition after total fan number=dilatation of root partition
Blocks is multiplied by 1024 product again divided by 512；
B, the new end sector of root partition after dilatation is calculated, the blocks- for newly terminating root partition after sector=dilatation starts
Sector+1；
C, the beginning sector of the subsequent subregion of root partition is changed to the end sector+1 of a upper subregion, end sector=be somebody's turn to do
Subregion starts the total fan number -1 of the sector+subregion；
When root partition is not the last one subregion, and has extension subregion, following specific steps are executed:
A, in regeneration block table root partition total fan number, at this point, root partition after total fan number=dilatation of root partition
Blocks is multiplied by 1024 product again divided by 512；
B, the new end sector of root partition after dilatation is calculated, the blocks- for newly terminating root partition after sector=dilatation starts
Sector+1；
C, the beginning sector in main partition behind root partition is changed to the end sector+1 of a upper subregion, end sector=be somebody's turn to do
Subregion starts the total fan number -1 of the sector+subregion；
D, the beginning sector for extending subregion is changed to the end sector+1 of a subregion, terminates the sector=extension subregion and opens
Total fan number -1 of the beginning sector+extension subregion；
E, the beginning sector of first logical partition is changed to the beginning sector+2048 of extension subregion, end sector=be somebody's turn to do
Logical partition starts the total fan number -1 of the sector+logical partition；
F, the beginning sector of remaining logical partition is changed to the beginning sector+2048 an of logical partition, terminates fan
Area=the logical partition starts the total fan number -1 of the sector+logical partition.
The sector refers to several segmental arcs that each magnetic track on disk is divided, these segmental arcs are disks
Sector；Using sector as basic unit, each sector is 512 bytes for the read-write of hard disk；
The blocks is the size of subregion, and in blocks, each piece of default size is 1024 bytes, i.e. 1KB；
The fdisk is respectively main partition, extension subregion, logical partition；
The main partition, at least 1, each hard disk is up to 4, can be without extension subregion；
The logical partition needs to create extension subregion from main partition, then establishes logical partition in extension subregion；
The extension subregion capacity is equal to the sum of the capacity of logical partition in extension partition creating.
In the step 6,
If it is xfs file system, then order xfs_growfs is executed, root partition file system is made to be expanded to entire root point
The maximum available space in area；
If it is ext2, ext3 or ext4 file system, then order resize2fs is executed, makes root partition file system
It is expanded to the maximum available space of entire root partition；
The xfs_growfs is that xfs file system redefines big small tool；
The resize2fs is that ext2/ext3/ext4 file system redefines big small tool.
Method of the invention does not need then to rebuild subregion progress root partition expansion by each subregion of deletion system disk
Hold；It only needs the partition table of guiding system disk to modify, then imports modified partition table.If partition table modification is incorrect,
Again export modification again, does not influence the data of each subregion, will not lead to the risk of loss of data because of subregion is accidentally deleted.
Detailed description of the invention
The following further describes the present invention with reference to the drawings:
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, Linux secure virtual machine dilatation root partition method of the invention includes:
Step 1: virtual machine system disk dilatation；
Step 2: the partition table of guiding system disk；
Because partition table is a part of master boot sector, 64 bytes are only accounted for, so using order dd if=/dev/
Sda of=dpt.bak bs=1skip=446count=64 export.
The partition table refers to that number is fanned with total in the beginning sector for being stored in hard disk for defining data, is main boot fan
A part in area, in total 64 bytes.
The master boot sector, i.e. MBR (main boot record) are 0 cylinder, 0 magnetic head first 1 fans of hard disk
Area, 512 bytes, are code to be run after bios Power-On Self-Test in total, and master boot sector includes 3 parts:
(1) Bootloader, main bootstrap program --- 446 bytes；
(2) Dpt (Disk Partition table), hard disk partition table --- 64 bytes；
(3) sector ending mark (55aa) -- 2 bytes；
Step 3: changing the root partition of partition table and the beginning sector of each subregion and always fan number；
Derived partition table is a binary file, is edited using binary tools.
The structure of hard disk partition table is as follows:
Shown in change partition table refer to the beginning logic sector and total sector number for changing each subregion；
(1) when root partition is the last one subregion, total fan number of root partition in regeneration block table is only needed, wherein root point
Total fan number that total fan number in area is equal to system disk subtracts the beginning sector of root partition；
(2) when root partition is not the last one subregion, and when without extension subregion,
Its step specifically:
A, in regeneration block table root partition total fan number, total fan number of root partition is equal to root partition after dilatation at this time
Blocks, multiplied by 1024, finally except in 512；
B, the new end sector of root partition after dilatation is calculated, the blocks- for newly terminating root partition after sector=dilatation starts
Sector+1；
C, the beginning sector of the subsequent subregion of root partition is changed to the end sector+1 of a upper subregion, and terminates sector etc.
Start the total fan number -1 of the sector+subregion in the subregion；
(3) when root partition is not the last one subregion, and there is extension subregion；
A, in regeneration block table root partition total fan number, total fan number of root partition is equal to root partition after dilatation at this time
Blocks, multiplied by 1024, finally except in 512；
B, the new end sector of root partition after dilatation is calculated, the blocks- for newly terminating root partition after sector=dilatation starts
Sector+1；
C, the beginning sector in main partition behind root partition is changed to the end sector+1 of a upper subregion, and terminates sector etc.
Start the total fan number -1 of the sector+subregion in the subregion；
D, the beginning sector for extending subregion is changed to the end sector+1 of a subregion, and terminates sector equal to the extension point
Area starts the total fan number -1 of the sector+extension subregion；
E, the beginning sector of first logical partition is changed to extend the beginning sector+2048 of subregion, and terminate sector etc.
Start the total fan number -1 of the sector+logical partition in the logical partition；
F, the beginning sector of remaining logical partition is changed to the beginning sector+2048 an of logical partition, and terminates
Sector is equal to the logical partition and starts the total fan number -1 of the sector+logical partition；
The sector refers to that each magnetic track on disk is divided into several segmental arcs, these segmental arcs are disks
Sector, using sector as basic unit, each sector is 512 bytes for the read-write of hard disk.
The blocks is the size of subregion, and in blocks, each piece of default size is 1024 bytes, i.e. 1KB,
If after root partition dilatation being 60G, blocks=60x1024x1024 byte.
There are three types of the fdisks, respectively main partition, extension subregion, logical partition.
The main partition, at least 1, each hard disk is up to 4, can be without extension subregion；
The logical partition needs to create extension subregion from main partition, then establishes logical partition in extension subregion；
The extension subregion capacity is equal to the sum of the capacity of logical partition in extension partition creating.
Step 4: importing modified system disk partition table；
It specifically refers to
Dd if=dpt.bak of=/dev/sda seek=446bs=1count=64
Step 5: restarting virtual machine；
Step 6: expanding root partition file system；
If it is xfs file system, then order xfs_growfs is executed, root partition file system is made to be expanded to entire root point
The maximum available space in area.
If it is ext2, ext3 or ext4 file system, then order resize2fs is executed, makes root partition file system
It is expanded to the maximum available space of entire root partition.
The resize2fs is that ext2/ext3/ext4 file system redefines big small tool.
The xfs_growfs is that xfs file system redefines big small tool.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method based on cloud platform Linux virtual machine dilatation root partition, it is characterised in that: the method includes as follows
Step:
Step 1: virtual machine system disk dilatation；
Step 2: the partition table of guiding system disk；
Step 3: changing the root partition of partition table and the beginning sector of each subregion and always fan number；
Step 4: importing modified system disk partition table；
Step 5: restarting virtual machine；
Step 6: expanding root partition file system.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by:
The partition table of the step 2 refers to that number is fanned with total in the beginning sector for being stored in hard disk for defining data, is main boot fan
A part in area, in total 64 bytes；
The master boot sector, i.e. MBR are 0 cylinder, 0 magnetic head, first 1 sectors of hard disk, in total 512 bytes；It is bios
Code to be run after Power-On Self-Test, master boot sector include three parts:
(1) Bootloader, main bootstrap program --- 446 bytes；
(2) Dpt, hard disk partition table --- 64 bytes；
(3) sector ending mark -- 2 bytes；
It is exported using order dd if=/dev/sda of=dpt.bak bs=1skip=446count=64.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by:
In the step 3,
When root partition is the last one subregion, total fan number of root partition in regeneration block table is only needed；Wherein, total fan of root partition
Total fan number that number is equal to system disk subtracts the beginning sector of root partition；
When root partition is not the last one subregion, and when without extension subregion, following specific steps are executed:
A, in regeneration block table root partition total fan number, at this point, the blocks of root partition multiplies after total fan number=dilatation of root partition
With 1024 product again divided by 512；
B, calculate the new end sector of root partition after dilatation, newly terminate root partition after sector=dilatation blocks- start sector+
1；
C, the beginning sector of the subsequent subregion of root partition is changed to the end sector+1 of a upper subregion, terminates the sector=subregion
Start the total fan number -1 of the sector+subregion；
When root partition is not the last one subregion, and has extension subregion, following specific steps are executed:
A, in regeneration block table root partition total fan number, at this point, the blocks of root partition multiplies after total fan number=dilatation of root partition
With 1024 product again divided by 512；
B, calculate the new end sector of root partition after dilatation, newly terminate root partition after sector=dilatation blocks- start sector+
1；
C, the beginning sector in main partition behind root partition is changed to the end sector+1 of a upper subregion, terminates the sector=subregion
Start the total fan number -1 of the sector+subregion；
D, the beginning sector for extending subregion is changed to the end sector+1 of a subregion, terminates the sector=extension subregion and starts to fan
The total fan number -1 of the area+extension subregion；
E, the beginning sector of first logical partition is changed to the beginning sector+2048 of extension subregion, terminates the sector=logic
Subregion starts the total fan number -1 of the sector+logical partition；
F, the beginning sector of remaining logical partition is changed to the beginning sector+2048 an of logical partition, terminate sector=
The logical partition starts the total fan number -1 of the sector+logical partition.
4. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized by:
The sector refers to several segmental arcs that each magnetic track on disk is divided, these segmental arcs are the sectors of disk；
Using sector as basic unit, each sector is 512 bytes for the read-write of hard disk；
The blocks is the size of subregion, and in blocks, each piece of default size is 1024 bytes, i.e. 1KB；
The fdisk is respectively main partition, extension subregion, logical partition；
The main partition, at least 1, each hard disk is up to 4, can be without extension subregion；
The logical partition needs to create extension subregion from main partition, then establishes logical partition in extension subregion；
The extension subregion capacity is equal to the sum of the capacity of logical partition in extension partition creating.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by:
In the step 6,
If it is xfs file system, then order xfs_growfs is executed, root partition file system is made to be expanded to entire root partition
Maximum available space；
If it is ext2, ext3 or ext4 file system, then order resize2fs is executed, expands root partition file system
To the maximum available space of entire root partition；
The xfs_growfs is that xfs file system redefines big small tool；
The resize2fs is that ext2/ext3/ext4 file system redefines big small tool.
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