CN109632264B - A kind of detection device and method of photographic device environmental test stability - Google Patents
A kind of detection device and method of photographic device environmental test stability Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of detection method of photographic device environmental test stability disclosed by the invention, detection device is installed first, including optical platform, interval installation shearing frame I and shearing frame II on optical platform, PSD autocollimator is placed on the shearing frame I, shears and places photographic device on frame II, and the optical axis of the height control PSD autocollimator of adjustment shearing frame I and shearing frame II and the optical axis of photographic device are contour, adjust autocollimator and photographic device optical axis position, it is ensured that the misalignment angle of autocollimator is zero；Then the image of photographic device acquisition autocollimator judges the position of the picture of cross-graduation plate in the picture, the position of the picture of the cross-graduation plate before and after comparative test in the picture, the stability after determining photographic device environmental test as defined in undergoing.Detection method structure disclosed by the invention is simple, and it is convenient to adjust, convenient in testing ground fast construction and measurement, the small feature of factor affected by environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of photoelectricity test, are related to a kind of detection device of photographic device environmental test stability,
Further relate to a kind of detection method of photographic device environmental test stability.
Background technique
As the application field of CCD photographic device is constantly expanded, the use environment that it is resistant to is proposed more severe
The requirement at quarter, it is desirable to which it is resistant to the mal-conditions such as shock and vibration, high/low temperature, improves stability and reliability.In order to verify
After undergoing all kinds of environmental tests, whether opto-mechanical mechanisms change CCD photographic device with CCD focal plane structure, thus
Reference is provided for further performance test, it is therefore desirable to take certain test method, compares opto-mechanical mechanisms and CCD
The variation of the relative position of focal plane structure.
Currently, two kinds of sides of variation of the relative position for checking photographic device opto-mechanical mechanisms and CCD focal plane structure
Method: one is the modulating transfer function value for comparing photographic device test front and back, another kind is by before measurement photographic device test
Principal point coordinate value afterwards.Wherein, the transfer function values for measuring photographic device, need at focal surface of collimator tube place one with take the photograph
As the channel(l)ed plate that device parameter is adapted, channel(l)ed plate is illuminated by uniform source of light, and channel(l)ed plate is imaged in photographic device, is adopted by computer
Collect image, and black and white strip picture is calculated according to the calculation method of photographic device modulation transfer function.Pass through comparative test
Front and back, the modulating transfer function value at photographic device difference visual field judge the opto-mechanical mechanisms and CCD focal plane knot of photographic device
Whether there is or not relative displacement occurs for structure.The method, can the disposable property completed by directly testing the imaging performance of photographic device
Can test and comparison, but the testing and debugging process of modulation transfer function is more complicated, and the testing time is longer, and be easy by
To the influence of ambient environmental factors, such as temperature, humidity and air-flow, caused by test repeatability deviation, be not easy to judge basic original
Cause is not easy to quickly carry out at environmental test scene.The principal point coordinate value for measuring photographic device test front and back, needs in directional light
A size and the matched asterism of photographic device parameter are placed at pipe focal plane, asterism is illuminated by uniform source of light, and photographic device is located at
Parallel light tube exit.Photographic device is mounted on the centre of gyration of dimensional turntable, and photographic device optical axis and parallel light tube are coaxial
It is contour, asterism is imaged.Dimensional turntable drives camera along from left to right, direction from top to bottom according to certain intervals to asterism at
Picture acquires image and turntable angle-data.Acquisition finishes, according to the calculation method of camera internal position element, to acquisition image into
Row data processing obtains the principal point coordinate of camera.By the way that before and after Comparability test, the principal point coordinate of photographic device checks optics machine
Whether there is or not change for the relative position of tool structure and CCD focal plane structure.The advantages of the method is measurement accuracy height, the disadvantage is that survey
It is high to measure environmental requirement, measurement and data complex disposal process, only professional could complete, measurement process slightly mistake, just
It can only restart, thus measurement efficiency is low, is not easy to quickly carry out at environmental test scene.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of test methods of photographic device environmental test stability, solve the prior art
Adjustment process it is complicated and to environmental requirement height so as to cause ineffective problem.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that a kind of detection method of photographic device environmental test stability, specific to grasp
Include the following steps: as process
Step 1. installs a kind of detection device of photographic device stability, including optical platform, is spaced peace on optical platform
Dress shearing frame I and shearing frame II, shears and places PSD autocollimator on frame I, shears and places photographic device on frame II, adjustment shearing
The optical axis of the height control PSD autocollimator of frame I and shearing frame II and the optical axis of photographic device are contour；
PSD autocollimator includes target reflecting surface, telephoto lens group, light source, condenser lens, Amici prism, plus lens
With PSD chip, cross-graduation plate is installed between the focal point and light source of plus lens, light source use central wavelength for
The LED light source of 780nm, frequency modulation are driven to 1kHz frequency square wave；
Step 2. adjustment shearing frame I and the height for shearing frame II, so that the light of the optical axis of PSD autocollimator and photographic device
Axis is contour, adjustment PSD autocollimator and photographic device coarse alignment, guarantees that the measuring beam of PSD autocollimator is incident upon camera shooting dress
It in the front surface glass set and is reflected back and is received by PSD autocollimator, PSD autocollimator has prompt tone, and in display screen
Show misalignment angle；Then, PSD auto-collimation is finely tuned by adjusting azimuth vernier adjusting knob and pitching vernier knob according to misalignment angle
Instrument is overlapped crosshair cursor with screen center cross hairs, misalignment angle zero；
Step 3. photographic device is powered, the image of the picture containing cross-graduation plate of shooting PSD autocollimator transmitting, according to
Certain interpretation algorithm calculates the position of the picture of cross-graduation plate in the picture；
The position of the picture of cross-graduation plate before and after step 4. comparative test in the picture, determines photographic device optical-mechanical
The relative position of structure and CCD focal plane structure changes, the stability after determining photographic device environmental test as defined in undergoing, such as
The relative position difference of fruit test front and back is big, then photographic device stability is poor, if the relative position of test front and back is constant, takes the photograph
As device stability is good.
Other features of the invention also reside in,
The interpretation process of the position of the picture of cross-graduation plate in the picture is as follows in step 3:
Step 3.1 finds the position of gray scale maximum value pixel central point using weighted mass center algorithm, such as formula (1) and formula
(2) shown in:
In formula, xi,j--- the x-axis coordinate for the pixel that image jth row i-th arranges；yi,j--- the pixel that image jth row i-th arranges
Y-axis coordinate；DNi,j--- the gray value of image jth row the i-th column pixel；
Step 3.2 is centered on the position of gray scale maximum value pixel, if four direction extends vertically and horizontally respectively
Dry pixel extracts the square target frame of the picture comprising cross-graduation plate；
Step 3.3 finds the image border of cross-graduation plate using Canny operator for the image in target frame, firstly,
Use Gaussian filter smoothed image；Secondly, using the width of the finite difference formulations gradient of single order local derviation to smoothed out image
Value and direction；Then, non-maxima suppression is carried out to gradient magnitude；Finally, edge is detected and connected using dual threashold value-based algorithm；It will
The image border of cross-graduation plate carries out Hough transform, determines the wherein longest two lines section of length；
Step 3.4 calculates the intersection point of two lines section to get the center of the picture of cross-graduation plate is arrived；Specific calculating process is such as
Under:
If the two o'clock of line segment A is (x1, y1), (x2, y2), the two o'clock of line segment B is (x3, y3), (x4, y4), then A and B
Linear equation is respectively
yA=k1*xA+b1 (3)
yB=k2*xB+b2 (4)
In formula:
K1=(y2-y1)/(x2-x1)
K2=(y4-y3)/(x4-x3)
Simultaneous formula (3) and formula (4) acquire the coordinate of straight line A and B intersection point are as follows:
The invention has the advantages that a kind of detection device and method of photographic device environmental test stability, solve
The prior art adjusts process complexity and to environmental requirement height so as to cause ineffective problem.Utilize PSD autocollimator
Auto-collimation principle, at PSD autocollimator light-resource fousing lens focal plane be arranged a cross-graduation plate, make projecting beam and warp
The reflected beams of photographic device window glass reflection are overlapped, and include cross point by photographic device shooting PSD autocollimator transmitting
The image of plate picture is drawn, the position of cross-graduation plate picture in the picture before and after interpretation environmental test checks photographic device optical-mechanical
Structure and CCD focal plane locations of structures change, thus to evaluate the stability of photographic device.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of detection device schematic diagram of photographic device environmental test stability of the invention；
Fig. 2 is PSD autocollimator system diagram；
Fig. 3 is autocollimator measurement display interface；
Fig. 4 is the inconocenter interpretation algorithm flow chart of cross-graduation plate in detection device of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the comparing result of cross-graduation Board position before and after certain photographic device impact test；Wherein, (a) is before testing
Cross-graduation Board position, (b) for test after cross-graduation Board position.
In figure, 1. optical platforms, 2. shearing frame I, 3.PSD autocollimator, 4. azimuth vernier adjusting knobs, 5. pitching fine tuning rotation
Button, 6. photographic devices, 7. shearing frame II；
31. target reflecting surface, 32. telephoto lens groups, 33. light sources, 34. cross-graduation plates, 35. condenser lenses, 36. light splitting
Prism, 37. plus lens, 38.PSD chip.
Specific embodiment
The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
A kind of detection device of photographic device environmental test stability of the invention, as shown in Figure 1, include optical platform 1,
Interval installation shearing frame I2 and shearing frame II7, shears and places PSD autocollimator 3 on frame I2, shear on frame II7 on optical platform 1
Photographic device 6 is placed, adjustment shearing frame I2 and the height for shearing frame II7 control the optical axis and photographic device 6 of PSD autocollimator 3
Optical axis it is contour.
As shown in Fig. 2, PSD autocollimator 3 includes target reflecting surface 31, telephoto lens group 32, light source 33, condenser lens
35, Amici prism 36, plus lens 37 and PSD chip 38 are equipped with cross between the focal point and light source 33 of plus lens 37
Graticle 34, light source 33 use central wavelength as the LED light source of 780nm, and frequency modulation is driven to 1kHz frequency square wave.
A kind of detection method of photographic device environmental test stability of the invention, specific operation process include following step
It is rapid:
Step 1. installs a kind of detection device of photographic device environmental test stability, including optical platform 1, optical platform
Interval installation shearing frame I2 and shearing frame II7, shears and places PSD autocollimator 3 on frame I2, shear and place camera shooting on frame II7 on 1
Device 6, adjustment shearing frame I2 and the height for shearing frame II7 control the optical axis of PSD autocollimator 3 and the optical axis etc. of photographic device 6
It is high；
PSD autocollimator 3 includes target reflecting surface 31, telephoto lens group 32, light source 33, condenser lens 35, Amici prism
36, plus lens 37 and PSD chip 38 are equipped with cross-graduation plate 34, light between the focal point and light source 33 of plus lens 37
Source 33 uses central wavelength as the LED light source of 780nm, and frequency modulation is driven to 1kHz frequency square wave；
Step 2. adjustment shearing frame I2 and the height for shearing frame II7, so that the optical axis of PSD autocollimator 3 and photographic device 6
Optical axis it is contour, adjustment PSD autocollimator 3 and 6 coarse alignment of photographic device guarantees that the measuring beam of PSD autocollimator 3 is incident upon
In the front surface glass of photographic device 6 and it is reflected back and is received by PSD autocollimator 3, PSD autocollimator 3 has a prompt tone, and
Show that screen shows misalignment angle, as shown in Figure 3；Then, micro- by adjusting azimuth vernier adjusting knob 4 and pitching according to misalignment angle
Adjusting knob 5 to finely tune PSD autocollimator 3 is overlapped crosshair cursor with screen center cross hairs, misalignment angle zero；
Step 3. photographic device 6 is powered, the image for the picture containing cross-graduation plate 34 that shooting PSD autocollimator 3 emits,
The position of the picture of cross-graduation plate 34 in the picture is calculated according to certain interpretation algorithm；
The position of the picture of cross-graduation plate 34 before and after step 4. comparative test in the picture, determines 6 optics of photographic device
The relative position of mechanical structure and CCD focal plane structure changes, the stabilization after determining the environmental test as defined in undergoing of photographic device 6
Property, if the relative position difference of test front and back is big, 6 stability of photographic device is poor, if the relative position of test front and back is not
Become, then 6 stability of photographic device is good.After each environmental test, the phase of PSD autocollimator 3 and photographic device 6 is first adjusted
To position, after meeting the condition in above-mentioned steps, 34 image of cross-graduation plate that shooting PSD autocollimator 3 emits, then calculate ten
The position of the picture of word graticle 34 in the picture.
Because shooting image is almost completely black background, shared pixel number is seldom for the relatively whole spoke image of cross-graduation plate picture,
It is not easy to directly carry out interpretation, the interpretation process of the position of the picture of cross-graduation plate 34 in the picture in step 3, as shown in figure 4,
Detailed process is as follows:
Step 3.1 finds the position (x of gray scale maximum value pixel central point using weighted mass center algorithmc,yc), such as formula (1)
With shown in formula (2):
In formula, xi,j--- the x-axis coordinate for the pixel that image jth row i-th arranges；yi,j--- the pixel that image jth row i-th arranges
Y-axis coordinate；DNi,j--- the gray value of image jth row the i-th column pixel；
Step 3.2 is centered on the position of gray scale maximum value pixel, if four direction extends vertically and horizontally respectively
Dry pixel extracts the square target frame of the picture comprising cross-graduation plate 34；
Step 3.3 finds the image border of cross-graduation plate 34 using Canny operator for the image in target frame, will
The image border of cross-graduation plate 34 carries out Hough transform, determines the wherein longest two lines section of length；
Canny algorithm is common Edge-Detection Algorithm in digital image processing techniques, including following procedure: 1) making
With Gaussian filter smoothed image；2) to smoothed out image calculated using the finite difference of single order local derviation gradient amplitude and
Direction；3) non-maxima suppression is carried out to gradient magnitude；4) edge is detected and connected using dual threashold value-based algorithm.
Hough transform is the algorithm of important detection discontinuous point boundary shape in digital image processing techniques, it pass through by
Image coordinate space transforms to parameter space, the fitting of Lai Shixian straight line or curve.Since it is desirable that the object of detection is straight line, institute
To select to be suitable for the Hough transform algorithm of rectilinear coordinates parameter space.
Step 3.4 calculates the intersection point of two lines section to get the center of the picture of cross-graduation plate 34 is arrived.
Specific calculating process is as follows:
If the two o'clock of line segment A is (x1, y1), (x2, y2), the two o'clock of line segment B is (x3, y3), (x4, y4), then A and B
Linear equation is respectively
yA=k1*XA+b1 (3)
yB=k2*xB+b2 (4)
In formula:
K1=(y2-y1)/(x2-x1)
K2=(y4-y3)/(x4-x3)
Simultaneous formula (3) and formula (4) acquire the coordinate of straight line A and B intersection point are as follows:
X=(b2-b1)/(k1-k2)
Y=(k1*b2-k2*b1)/(k1-k2)
In a kind of detection device of photographic device environmental test stability of the invention, improved PSD auto-collimation is used
Instrument 3, arranges cross-graduation plate 34 between the focal point of plus lens 37, with light source 66, and light source 33 uses central wavelength
Keep former for using to sample in follow-up signal processing circuit with the driving of 1kHz frequency square wave frequency modulation for the LED light source of 780nm
Reason removal bias light and dark current interference；
Signal processing completes the conversion and amplification of current/voltage signal, using the sampling pulse with LED light source with frequency
Sampling holder work is controlled, but samples and keeps being equipped with certain time-delay between pulse and LED light source modulated signal, and its duty ratio is
1:3.Sampling keeps the delay time of pulse to be determined according to the photoelectric conversion time of the device of PSD autocollimator, only in signal
Effective stabilization sub stage sampling；Duty ratio acquires duration according to hope and determines, signal period and LED light source FM signal period one
It causes.The electrical signal of PSD autocollimator output, which removes bias light and dark current signals through subtraction circuit, to be influenced, then through addition and subtraction electricity
Road and analog divider obtain position signal, send microcontroller by the digital signal of analog/digital converter, are shown with LCD
Angular deviation between screen display projecting beam and the reflected beams.
The important technological parameters of PSD autocollimator are as follows:
1) measurement range: 1000 " × 1000 "；
2) measurement accuracy: 2 "；
3) resolution ratio: 0.1 "；
4) focal length: 450mm；
5) light source: LED, wavelength 780nm；
6) clear aperture: 90mm.
A kind of detection device method of photographic device environmental test stability of the invention is surveyed compared to traditional transmission function
Method for testing and elements of interior orientation principal point test method, the present invention have device simple, and it is convenient to adjust, convenient for quick in testing ground
It builds and measures, the small feature of factor affected by environment, the test particularly suitable for environmental test scene compares.Side of the invention
Method can the relative position quickly to the mechanical-optical setup of photographic device and CCD focal plane mechanism whether change and judge, be conducive to fast
Speed decides whether to carry out follow-up test or test；The measuring beam of PSD autocollimator is directional light, and cross graticle picture is advantageous
The autocollimatic of measuring beam and the reflected beams is realized in adjustment PSD autocollimator, and directional light is imaged in photographic device, in captured figure
As upper interpretation crosshair center computational accuracy due to 0.3 pixel.
Fig. 5 is using this apparatus and method of the present invention to mechanical-optical setup before and after certain model photographic device mechanics impact test
The measuring image of the position detection of opposite CCD focal plane structure and the interpretation result of cross-graduation plate, for purposes of illustration only, measuring image
It has passed through inverse processing herein.After interpretation result shows tested photographic device experience impact test, mechanical-optical setup is with respect to CCD coke
The position of face structure, X are 1 pixel to variable quantity, and there is no variations for Y-direction, it is believed that is the interpretation of image processing algorithm
Error is not variable quantity caused by mechanical-optical setup changes with respect to CCD focal plane locations of structures, therefore thinks that tested photographic device passes through
Mechanics impact test can carry out follow-up test or test.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of detection method of photographic device environmental test stability, which is characterized in that specific operation process includes following step
It is rapid:
Step 1. installs a kind of detection device of photographic device stability, including optical platform (1), on the optical platform (1)
Frame I (2) and shearing frame II (7) are sheared in interval installation, place PSD autocollimator (3) on the shearing frame I (2), the shearing frame
Placement photographic device (6) on II (7), the height for adjusting shearing frame I (2) and shearing frame II (7) control the PSD certainly
The optical axis of collimator (3) and the optical axis of the photographic device (6) are contour；
The PSD autocollimator (3) includes target reflecting surface (31), telephoto lens group (32), light source (33), condenser lens
(35), Amici prism (36), plus lens (37) and PSD chip (38), the focal point and the light of the plus lens (37)
It is equipped between source (33) cross-graduation plate (34), the light source (33) uses central wavelength as the LED light source of 780nm, adjusts
Frequency is driven to 1kHz frequency square wave；
Step 2. adjusts the height of shearing frame I (2) and shearing frame II (7), so that the optical axis of PSD autocollimator (3)
It is contour with the optical axis of photographic device (6), the PSD autocollimator (3) and the photographic device (6) coarse alignment are adjusted, guarantees institute
The measuring beam for stating PSD autocollimator (3) is incident upon in the front surface glass of the photographic device (6) and is reflected back described
PSD autocollimator (3) receives, and the PSD autocollimator (3) has prompt tone, and shows misalignment angle in display screen；So
Afterwards, made according to misalignment angle by adjusting azimuth vernier adjusting knob (4) and pitching vernier knob (5) fine tuning PSD autocollimator (3)
Crosshair cursor is overlapped with screen center's cross hairs, misalignment angle zero；
Photographic device described in step 3. (6) is powered, and shoot PSD autocollimator (3) transmitting contains the cross-graduation plate
(34) image of picture calculates the position of the picture of the cross-graduation plate (34) in the picture according to certain interpretation algorithm；
The position of the picture of the cross-graduation plate (34) before and after step 4. comparative test in the picture, determines the photographic device
(6) relative position of opto-mechanical mechanisms and CCD focal plane structure changes, and determines photographic device (6) examination of the environment as defined in undergoing
Stability after testing, if the relative position difference of test front and back is big, photographic device (6) stability is poor, if test front and back
Relative position it is constant, then photographic device (6) stability is good.
2. a kind of detection method of photographic device environmental test stability as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
The interpretation process of the position of the picture of cross-graduation plate (34) in the picture is as follows in rapid 3:
Step 3.1 finds the position of gray scale maximum value pixel central point using weighted mass center algorithm, such as formula (1) and formula (2)
It is shown:
In formula, xi,j--- the x-axis coordinate for the pixel that image jth row i-th arranges；yi,j--- the y for the pixel that image jth row i-th arranges
Axial coordinate；DNi,j--- the gray value of image jth row the i-th column pixel；
Step 3.2 is centered on the position of gray scale maximum value pixel, and four direction extends several pictures vertically and horizontally respectively
Member extracts the square target frame of the picture comprising the cross-graduation plate (34)；
Step 3.3 finds the image border of the cross-graduation plate (34) using Canny operator for the image in target frame,
Firstly, using Gaussian filter smoothed image；Secondly, using smoothed out image the finite difference formulations gradient of single order local derviation
Amplitude and direction；Then, non-maxima suppression is carried out to gradient magnitude；Finally, side is detected and connected using dual threashold value-based algorithm
Edge；The image border of the cross-graduation plate (34) is subjected to Hough transform, determines the wherein longest two lines section of length；
Step 3.4 calculates the intersection point of two lines section to get the center of the picture of the cross-graduation plate (34) is arrived；Specific calculating process
It is as follows:
If the two o'clock of line segment A is (x1, y1), (x2, y2), the two o'clock of line segment B is (x3, y3), (x4, y4), then the straight line of A and B
Equation is respectively
yA=k1*xA+b1 (3)
yB=k2*xB+b2 (4)
In formula:
K1=(y2-y1)/(x2-x1)
K2=(y4-y3)/(x4-x3)
The coordinate that simultaneous formula (3) and formula (4) acquire straight line A and B intersection point is
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