CN109546969A - Distort CMOS low-noise amplifier after one kind - Google Patents
Distort CMOS low-noise amplifier after one kind Download PDFInfo
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- CN109546969A CN109546969A CN201811268081.8A CN201811268081A CN109546969A CN 109546969 A CN109546969 A CN 109546969A CN 201811268081 A CN201811268081 A CN 201811268081A CN 109546969 A CN109546969 A CN 109546969A
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- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/26—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce influence of noise generated by amplifying elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/189—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers
- H03F3/19—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
- H03F3/195—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers with semiconductor devices only in integrated circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/45—Differential amplifiers
- H03F3/45071—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
- H03F3/45479—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only characterised by the way of common mode signal rejection
- H03F3/45928—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only characterised by the way of common mode signal rejection using IC blocks as the active amplifying circuit
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Abstract
The invention belongs to integrated circuit fields, specifically provide distortion CMOS low-noise amplifier after one kind, comprising: input stage (ML1With MR1), cascaded stages (ML2With MR2), rear distortion eliminate grade (M1aLWith M1aR) and resonant load, respectively from input stage input, amplified differential output signal is exported from cascaded stages radio-frequency differential signal respectively, and it is NMOS transistor of the work in strong inversion area that grade is eliminated in distortion, is connected to cascaded stages.The CMOS low-noise amplifier that distorts after the present invention can significantly improve the linearity of LNA, and obtain higher gain and lower noiseproof feature simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to integrated circuit fields more particularly to a kind of low-noise amplifier designing techniques, specifically provide one kind
Distort CMOS low-noise amplifier afterwards.
Background technique
The equal proportion reduction of complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technique allows us to easily design low
Noise, low-power consumption amplifier, however, the linearity of CMOS transistor but since supply voltage successively decreases the degeneration with mobility and
Deteriorate, this challenge has expedited the emergence of several linearization techniques.
In the backtracking past, most effective linearization technique is multiple-gate transistor (MGTR) technology, such as document " T.W.Kim, B.-
K.Kim,and K.-R.Lee,“Highly linear receiver front-end adopting MOSFET
transconductance linearization by multiple gated transistors,”IEEE J.Solid-
State Circuits, vol.39, no.1, pp.223-229, Jan.2004 ", as shown in Figure 1, the technology passes through in host crystal
One in parallel works in weak inversion regime beside pipe, the auxiliary tube with positive third-order nonlinear optical coefficient, to offset the negative of supervisor
Third-order nonlinear optical coefficient, and then increase in a wider bias voltage ranges linearity of circuit；Nevertheless, but
Under high frequency, the interaction of second order nonlinear coefficient and input network usually limits the actual effect of the technology.Then, it improves
Derivative superposition method be suggested, what it is to alleviate the contradiction, but with it is that input matching network structure becomes complicated, the linearity with
Matching present fluctuation the phenomenon that.On the other hand, noise cancellation technique can also obtain the promotion effect of the linearity, such as document
"Chen,Jun；Guo,Benqing；,A Highly Linear Wideband CMOS LNTA Employing Noise/
Distortion Cancellation and Gain Compensation,Circuits,Systems,and Signal
Processing, VOL.36, NO.2,2017 " a kind of low-noise amplifier that noise is eliminated is disclosed, as shown in Fig. 2, wherein inputting
The non-linear principle eliminated by similar noise of pipe is able to eliminate certainly；And the non-linear partial offset of secondary path transistor
Current mirror transistor it is non-linear, to obtain the High Linear of 18dBm IIP3 on the whole；However, the circuit power consumption is big, it is
27mW, and circuit is the stacked structure of 4 transistors, so that circuit is difficult to work at low supply voltages, is not suitable for integrated
Circuit equal proportion reduces the demand that supply voltage reduces.
Summary of the invention
It, can it is an object of the invention in view of the above technical defects, propose the CMOS low-noise amplifier that distorts after one kind
The linearity of LNA is enough improved, and low-power consumption can be obtained simultaneously.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
Distort CMOS low-noise amplifier after one kind, comprising: input stage (ML1With MR1), cascaded stages (ML2With MR2), rear distortion
Eliminate grade (M1aLWith M1aR) and resonant load, which is characterized in that
The cascaded stages include: NMOS tube ML2With NMOS tube MR2, the NMOS tube ML2With MR2Grid be all connected to power supply
VDD, NMOS tube ML2With MR2Drain electrode pass through resonance circuit respectively and be connected to power supply VDD；
The input stage includes: NMOS tube ML1With NMOS tube MR1, capacitor CcLWith capacitor CcR, inductance Ls, wherein it is described
NMOS tube ML1Drain electrode connect NMOS tube ML2Source electrode, source electrode connects as the anode+Vin of input signal, grid through biasing resistor
Bias voltage VBais, NMOS tube MR1Drain electrode meet NMOS tube MR2Source electrode, source electrode passes through as the negative terminal-Vin of input signal, grid
Biasing resistor meets bias voltage VBais, capacitor CcLIt is connected to NMOS tube ML1Source electrode and NMOS tube MR1Grid between, capacitor CcR
It is connected to NMOS tube ML1Grid and NMOS tube MR1Source electrode between；NMOS tube ML1With NMOS tube MR1Source electrode pass through inductance
LsAfter be grounded；
It includes: NMOS tube M that grade is eliminated in distortion after described1aLWith NMOS tube M1aR, grid capacitance and gate bias resistor,
Wherein, the NMOS tube M1aLSource level be connected to NMOS tube ML2Source electrode, NMOS tube M1aRSource level be connected to NMOS tube MR2's
Source electrode, the NMOS tube M1aLWith M1aRGrid pass through gate bias resistor respectively and be connected to bias voltage Vb, NMOS tube M1aLWith
M1aRDrain electrode be connected and be connected to power supply VDD, the NMOS tube M1aLSource level M is connected to by grid capacitance1aRLeakage
Grade, the NMOS tube M1aRSource level M is connected to by grid capacitance1aLDrain.
Further, the cascaded stages further include an inductance Ladd, the inductance LaddConnection and NMOS tube ML2Source electrode
With NMOS tube MR2Source electrode between.
Further, the resonant load is by load inductance (LdL、LdR), load capacitance (CdL、CdR) and load resistance
(RdL、RdR) constitute, wherein load inductance connect with load resistance after, composition resonant load in parallel with load capacitance again.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention provides distortion CMOS low-noise amplifier after one kind:
1, the present invention can significantly improve the linearity of LNA, and obtain higher gain and lower noise-induced simultaneously
Energy.
2, distort technology after present invention use, does not influence circuit input matching；And auxiliary transistor is intersected using grid source
Coupled structure, under the premise of maintaining nonlinear component certain, so that the mutual conductance of auxiliary tube reduces, conducive to the low-power consumption of circuit.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of existing multiple-gate transistor (MGTR) technology.
Fig. 2 is the existing High Linear low-noise amplifier schematic diagram that principle is eliminated based on noise.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of distortion CMOS amplifier circuit in low noise after one kind of the invention.
Fig. 4 is gain, noise and the input reflection coefficient knot of distortion CMOS amplifier circuit in low noise after one kind of the invention
Fruit curve.
Fig. 5 is that distortion CMOS amplifier circuit in low noise is linearizing IIP3 result figure before and after the processing after the present invention is a kind of.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.
The present embodiment provides the CMOS low-noise amplifiers that distorts after one kind, as shown in figure 3, the amplifier circuit is differential pair
Claim structure, radio-frequency differential signal is respectively from differential pair tube M1(ML1With MR1) source electrode input, amplified differential output signal
Respectively through differential pair tube M2(ML2With MR2) buffering, finally parallel resonance load (Ld、Cd、Rd) obtain differential output signal；
Vb、VBiasFor pipe M1a(M1aLWith M1aR)、M1Bias voltage is provided；Specifically, the present invention is a kind of linearizes grid CMOS low noise altogether
Amplifier circuit includes input stage (ML1With MR1), cascaded stages (ML2With MR2), rear distortion eliminate grade (M1aLWith M1aR) and resonance it is negative
It carries.
Above-mentioned LNA (amplifier) circuit realizes that the distortion as additional device is eliminated using 0.18 μm of rf CMOS technology
Grade M1aGrid source bias Vgs=0.7V, to provide linearisation effect；Under 1.8V supply voltage, the total bias current of chip is only
For 5mA, and two auxiliary tube M1aTotal current be 45uA；Coupled capacitor CcLWith CcRIt is 5pF, bandwidth optimization resistance RdIt is 10
Ohm.LNA gain is given as shown in Figure 4, at centre frequency 6GHz, the gain of the LNA of linearization process has reached 21dB.
Give noise figure as shown in Figure 5 as a result, at centre frequency, noise figure 2.5dB.Using constant amplitude double-tone 5.8GHz,
The test signal of 5.81GHz, carrys out the linearity of artificial circuit；It is closed and it is possible to disconnect auxiliary tube M1a in the connection of v2 to emulate
After closed linearization function the case where the linearity.As shown in figure 5, the IIP3 after linearisation has reached 16dBm, comparison is not assisted
The case where pipe, the linearity improve 8.1dB.The above result shows that the LNA obtains the superior linearity and gain, it is suitble to high line
Property degree application.
The raising of the linearity of above-mentioned low-noise amplifier is based on the technology that distorts after one kind: using work in strong inversion area
Auxiliary NMOS tube to M1a, to eliminate the third-order non-linear electric current of total grid LNA and weaken second nonlinear electric current.It is cross-linked
Auxiliary tube is played to capacitive source grid cross-coupling is used to the nonlinear multiplication effect of auxiliary tube itself, so that auxiliary tube
It can work under low mutual conductance, to contribute low additional noise.In addition, by introducing an inductance Ladd, with cascade transistor
The parasitic capacitance of source node forms resonance, and according to pipeline principle, the noise of cascade transistor non-linear passes through the node
The suction ring rood of parasitic capacitance is to break, so as to ignore.
The LNA is considered as a total grid-and is total to grid dual-stage amplifier.Common-gate input stage provides input resistant matching, simultaneously
The noise characteristic having had due to coupling (CCC) structure which employs capacitive cross.Cascade grade is then used to increase output
Impedance and raising input and output isolation.At load resonant network, small resistance R is addeddSuitably to reduce resonant network product
Prime factor obtains widening for bandwidth of operation.
By to node v2The impedance at place carries out small-signal analysis, with the presence of following resonant relationship, i.e.,
Here, Cgs2Cgs1aFor pipe M2、M1aGate-source parasitic capacitance., pass through LaddResonance effect so that v2At node
Parasitic capacitance be absorbed, conducive to the improvement of high frequency performance.Again because of M2Source impedance it is low, make LaddResonant network have
It is low to carry Q value, is widened conducive to the frequency band of circuit.In turn, it can be deduced that the voltage gain of LNA is
Wherein, gm1And gm2It is M1Grid mutual conductance, M2Grid mutual conductance, ZLIt is load resistance.As can be seen from the above equation, if inductance
LaddResonance occurs with the equivalent parasitic capacitances at x node, the gain of LNA can improve.
Under conditions of input resistant matching, 1/Rs=2gm1, the additional noise factor expression of the auxiliary tube in LNA is
Wherein, α and γ is that biasing relies on parameter.Because of gm1a/gm1(being 0.03 in our design).Therefore noise system
Several deteriorations can be ignored.In addition, because LaddIn the resonance effect of x node, M2It is approximately equivalent to a current buffer, no
Noise can be generated.
On the other hand, because of LaddResonance at node x, so that M2It is equivalent to a current buffer, is not generated non-thread
Property.Just because of this, the linearity of the LNA is mainly determined by common-gate input stage.Such as Fig. 3
Wherein, giAnd giaIt is M1And M1aI-V derivation coefficient (i takes 1,2,3).According to Circuit theory, v2With v1Relationship be
v2=bv1, parameter b is positive value.In node X, i is used1Subtract i1a:
Because of auxiliary transistor M1aWith main transistor M1It all works in strong inversion area, has identical second order, three ranks non-thread
Property polarity.Therefore, auxiliary transistor M is adjusted1aBias voltage and size, the Section 3 in formula can be allowed to eliminate.
Similarly, Section 2 can also weaken, and then the linearity is improved.Furthermore, it is possible to find that the first item for representing fundamental frequency is certain
Weaken in degree, i.e. the gain of LNA is weakened.Intuition is because Fundamental-frequency Current generates leakage by auxiliary tube.
But because auxiliary tube uses capacitive cross coupled structure, current drain is extremely low, and bring gain loss is also that can neglect
Slightly.
Similar principle, auxiliary transistor M1aIt is designed as the form of PMOS tube, emulation shows equally to also obtain linear
The promotion effect of degree.But in semiconductor integrated circuit flow, there is a matching in NMOS/PMOS work in-process.
NMOS, which is all made of, not as good as all transistors in hereinbefore circuit arrangement realizes the realization succinct, easy to produce of coming.Furthermore PMOS tube
Has low mobility, it is meant that auxiliary transistor M1aPMOS tube design need to increase 2-3 times of size, corresponding parasitic capacitor
It will increase, this is also unfavorable factor.It integrates, auxiliary transistor M1aNMOS tube be embodied as prioritization scheme.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, any feature disclosed in this specification, except non-specifically
Narration, can be replaced by other alternative features that are equivalent or have similar purpose；Disclosed all features or all sides
Method or in the process the step of, other than mutually exclusive feature and/or step, can be combined in any way.
Claims (3)
1. distort CMOS low-noise amplifier after one kind, comprising: input stage (ML1With MR1), cascaded stages (ML2With MR2), rear distortion disappears
Except grade (M1aLWith M1aR) and resonant load, which is characterized in that
The cascaded stages include: NMOS tube ML2With NMOS tube MR2, the NMOS tube ML2With MR2Grid be all connected to power supply VDD,
NMOS tube ML2With MR2Drain electrode pass through resonance circuit respectively and be connected to power supply VDD；
The input stage includes: NMOS tube ML1With NMOS tube MR1, capacitor CcLWith capacitor CcR, inductance Ls, wherein the NMOS tube
ML1Drain electrode connect NMOS tube ML2Source electrode, source electrode as the anode+Vin of input signal, grid connect biased electrical through biasing resistor
Press VBais, NMOS tube MR1Drain electrode meet NMOS tube MR2Source electrode, source electrode as the negative terminal-Vin of input signal, grid through biased electrical
Resistance meets bias voltage VBais, capacitor CcLIt is connected to NMOS tube ML1Source electrode and NMOS tube MR1Grid between, capacitor CcRIt is connected to
NMOS tube ML1Grid and NMOS tube MR1Source electrode between；NMOS tube ML1With NMOS tube MR1Source electrode pass through inductance LsIt is followed by
Ground；
It includes: NMOS tube M that grade is eliminated in distortion after described1aLWith NMOS tube M1aR, grid capacitance and gate bias resistor,
In, the NMOS tube M1aLSource level be connected to NMOS tube ML2Source electrode, NMOS tube M1aRSource level be connected to NMOS tube MR2Source
Pole, the NMOS tube M1aLWith M1aRGrid pass through gate bias resistor respectively and be connected to bias voltage Vb, NMOS tube M1aLWith
M1aRDrain electrode be connected and be connected to power supply VDD, the NMOS tube M1aLSource level M is connected to by grid capacitance1aRLeakage
Grade, the NMOS tube M1aRSource level M is connected to by grid capacitance1aLDrain.
2. by the rear CMOS low-noise amplifier that distorts described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the cascaded stages further include an electricity
Feel Ladd, the inductance LaddConnection and NMOS tube ML2Source electrode and NMOS tube MR2Source electrode between.
3. by the rear CMOS low-noise amplifier that distorts described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the resonant load is by load electricity
Feel (LdL、LdR), load capacitance (CdL、CdR) and load resistance (RdL、RdR) constitute, wherein load inductance is connected with load resistance
Afterwards, composition resonant load in parallel with load capacitance again.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112886932A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-01 | 上海华虹宏力半导体制造有限公司 | Power amplifier with linear design |
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Application publication date: 20190329 |